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SEGMENT AND RELATED INFORMATION
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
SEGMENT AND RELATED INFORMATION SEGMENT AND RELATED INFORMATION
The Registrants adopted ASU 2023-07 and applied the guidance retrospectively effective for the fiscal year beginning January 1, 2024. See Note 1 under "Recently Adopted Accounting Standards" for additional information.
The CODM at Southern Company, the traditional electric operating companies, and Southern Company Gas is the chairman, president, and chief executive officer of such Registrant. Southern Power's CODM consists of the chairman and chief executive officer and the president. The CODMs assess segment performance using net income that is reflected on the Registrants' respective statements of income as net income attributable to the registrant, net income after dividends on preferred stock, or net income, as applicable. The CODMs use net income in the annual budget and forecasting process and consider budget versus actual results on a monthly basis when making decisions about the allocation of resources. Unless noted below, the CODMs do not utilize segment asset information.
Southern Company
Southern Company's reportable business segments are the sale of electricity by the traditional electric operating companies, the sale of electricity in the competitive wholesale market by Southern Power, and the sale of natural gas and other complementary products and services by Southern Company Gas. While the traditional electric operating companies represent three separate operating segments, they are vertically integrated utilities providing electric service to retail customers, as well as wholesale customers, in the Southeast and have been aggregated into one reportable segment. Revenues from sales by Southern Power to the traditional electric operating companies were $371 million, $537 million, and $875 million in 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. Revenues from sales of natural gas from Southern Company Gas to the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power were immaterial for all periods presented. The "All Other" column includes the Southern Company parent entity, which does not allocate operating expenses to business segments. Also, this category includes segments below the quantitative threshold for separate disclosure. These segments include providing distributed energy and resilience solutions and deploying microgrids for commercial, industrial, governmental, and utility customers, as well as investments in telecommunications. All other inter-segment revenues are not material.
Southern Company's CODM utilizes segment net income, including variances to budget and forecasts, to assess performance and is not provided with segment expense information. To achieve the consolidated net income goal, Southern Company's CODM sets net income expectations for each operating segment, which is expected to monitor its expenses in order to achieve its assigned net income target. Therefore, Southern Company has no reportable significant segment expenses.
Financial data for business segments and products and services for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 was as follows:
Electric Utilities
Traditional
Electric
Operating
Companies		Southern
Power		EliminationsTotalSouthern Company Gas
Total Reportable Segments
All
Other		EliminationsConsolidated
(in millions)
2024
Operating revenues$19,977 $2,014 $(388)$21,603 $4,456 $26,059 $843 $(178)$26,724 
Other segment items(a)(b)(c)(d)
10,057 1,060 (388)10,729 2,613 13,342 802 (149)13,995 
Depreciation and amortization(e)
3,512 522 — 4,034 650 4,684 71 — 4,755 
Earnings from equity method investments8 — — 8 146 154 (17)2 139 
Interest expense1,255 117 — 1,372 341 1,713 1,030 — 2,743 
Income taxes (benefit)1,016 (13)— 1,003 258 1,261 (292)— 969 
Segment net income (loss)(b)(c)(d)(e)(f)
$4,145 $328 $— $4,473 $740 $5,213 $(785)$(27)$4,401 
Goodwill$— $2 $— $2 $5,015 $5,017 $144 $— $5,161 
Total assets105,577 12,653 (1,025)117,205 26,177 143,382 2,371 (573)145,180 
2023
Operating revenues$18,358 $2,189 $(549)$19,998 $4,702 $24,700 $718 $(165)$25,253 
Other segment items(a)(c)(g)(h)
9,643 1,187 (549)10,281 3,124 13,405 699 (150)13,954 
Depreciation and amortization3,361 504 — 3,865 582 4,447 78 — 4,525 
Earnings from equity method investments(1)— — (1)140 139 5 — 144 
Interest expense1,145 129 — 1,274 310 1,584 879 (17)2,446 
Income taxes (benefit)571 12 — 583 211 794 (298)— 496 
Segment net income (loss)(c)(f)(g)(h)
$3,637 $357 $— $3,994 $615 $4,609 $(635)$2 $3,976 
Goodwill$— $2 $— $2 $5,015 $5,017 $144 $— $5,161 
Total assets100,429 12,761 (545)112,645 25,083 137,728 2,446 (843)139,331 
2022
Operating revenues$20,408 $3,369 $(904)$22,873 $5,962 $28,835 $593 $(149)$29,279 
Other segment items(a)(c)(i)(j)
12,820 2,341 (904)14,257 4,536 18,793 771 (138)19,426 
Depreciation and amortization2,513 516 — 3,029 559 3,588 75 — 3,663 
Earnings from equity method investments— — — — 148 148 3 — 151 
Interest expense929 138 — 1,067 263 1,330 694 (2)2,022 
Income taxes (benefit)828 20 — 848 180 1,028 (233)— 795 
Segment net income (loss)(c)(f)(i)(j)
$3,318 $354 $— $3,672 $572 $4,244 $(711)$(9)$3,524 
Goodwill$— $2 $— $2 $5,015 $5,017 $144 $— $5,161 
Total assets95,861 13,081 (659)108,283 24,621 132,904 2,665 (678)134,891 
(a)Primarily consists of fuel, purchased power, cost of natural gas, cost of other sales, other operations and maintenance, taxes other than income taxes, charges (credits) to income for estimated probable losses, losses (gains) on asset dispositions, impairment charges, AFUDC equity, non-service cost-related retirement benefits income, and net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests.
(b)For the traditional electric operating companies, includes a pre-tax impairment loss at Alabama Power of $36 million ($27 million after tax) related to Alabama Power discontinuing the development of a multi-use commercial facility. See Note 1 under "Impairment of Long-Lived Assets" for additional information.
(c)For the traditional electric operating companies, includes pre-tax charges (credits) to income at Georgia Power for the estimated probable loss associated with the construction and completion of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 of $(21) million ($(16) million after tax) in 2024, $(68) million ($(50) million after tax) in 2023, and $183 million ($137 million after tax) in 2022. See Note 2 under "Georgia Power – Nuclear Construction" for additional information.
(d)For the traditional electric operating companies, includes a pre-tax gain at Georgia power of approximately $114 million ($84 million after tax) related to the sale of transmission line assets under the integrated transmission system agreement. See Note 2 under "Georgia Power – Transmission Asset Sales" for additional information.
(e)For Southern Power, includes pre-tax accelerated depreciation of $9 million ($7 million after tax) related to the commitment to repower 200 MWs of the Kay Wind facility. See Note 15 under "Southern Power – Development Projects" for additional information.
(f)Attributable to Southern Company.
(g)For Southern Power, includes an $18 million pre-tax loss recovery ($9 million after tax and partnership allocations) related to an arbitration award and a $16 million pre-tax gain ($12 million after tax) on the sale of spare parts. See Note 3 under "General Litigation Matters – Southern Power" for additional information.
(h)For Southern Company Gas, includes pre-tax charges totaling approximately $96 million ($72 million after tax) associated with the disallowance of certain capital investments at Nicor Gas. See Note 2 under "Southern Company Gas" for additional information.
(i)For Southern Company Gas, includes pre-tax impairment charges totaling approximately $131 million ($99 million after tax) related to the sale of natural gas storage facilities. See Note 15 under "Southern Company Gas" for additional information.
(j)For the "All Other" column, includes a $119 million goodwill impairment loss (pre-tax and after tax) at PowerSecure. See Note 1 under "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets" for additional information.
Products and Services
Electric Utilities' Revenues
YearRetailWholesaleOtherTotal
(in millions)
2024$17,790 $2,431 $1,382 $21,603 
202316,343 2,467 1,188 19,998 
202218,197 3,641 1,035 22,873 
Southern Company Gas' Revenues
YearGas
Distribution
Operations		Gas
Marketing
Services		All OtherTotal
(in millions)
2024$3,899 $516 $41 $4,456 
20234,090 548 64 4,702 
20225,240 638 84 5,962 
Traditional Electric Operating Companies
Each of the traditional electric operating companies' single reportable business segment is the sale of electricity. Revenues from products and services of the traditional electric operating companies are segregated into retail, wholesale, and other as reflected on their statements of income.
Alabama Power and Georgia Power have identified utility operations and maintenance expenses as significant segment expenses provided to their CODMs. Utility operations and maintenance expenses is calculated as other operations and maintenance, as reflected on the statements of income, less expenses from unregulated products and services, losses (gains) on asset dispositions, impairment charges, and amortization of cloud software. Alabama Power's utility operations and maintenance expenses are disaggregated into expenses related to Rate RSE and Rate CNP Compliance, which are not applicable to Georgia Power. See Note 2 under "Alabama Power" for additional information.
Financial data for Alabama Power's and Georgia Power's significant segment expenses and other segment information for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 was as follows:
202420232022
(in millions)
Alabama Power
Operating revenues$7,554 $7,050 $7,817 
Utility operations and maintenance
Rate RSE expenses1,480 1,421 1,645 
Rate CNP Compliance expenses279 254 237 
Total utility operations and maintenance1,759 1,675 1,882 
Other segment items(a)(b)
2,125 2,098 2,915 
Depreciation and amortization1,459 1,401 875 
Interest expense448 425 382 
Income taxes360 81 423 
Segment net income(b)
$1,403 $1,370 $1,340 
Capital expenditures$2,114 $2,159 $2,206 
Georgia Power
Operating revenues$11,331 $10,118 $11,584 
Utility operations and maintenance2,210 1,901 2,237 
Other segment items(a)(c)(d)
3,476 3,382 5,249 
Depreciation and amortization1,774 1,681 1,430 
Interest expense725 626 485 
Income taxes603 448 370 
Segment net income(c)(d)
$2,543 $2,080 $1,813 
Capital expenditures$5,355 $5,394 $4,219 
(a)Primarily consists of fuel, purchased power, expenses from unregulated products and services, losses (gains) on asset dispositions, impairment charges, amortization of cloud software, taxes other than income taxes, charges (credits) to income for estimated probable losses, AFUDC equity, and non-service cost-related retirement benefits income. Also includes earnings from equity method investments, which were immaterial for all periods presented.
(b)For 2024, includes a pre-tax impairment loss of $36 million ($27 million after tax) related to Alabama Power discontinuing the development of a multi-use commercial facility. See Note 1 under "Impairment of Long-Lived Assets" for additional information.
(c)Includes pre-tax charges (credits) to income for the estimated probable loss associated with the construction and completion of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 of $(21) million ($(16) million after tax) in 2024, $(68) million ($(50) million after tax) in 2023, and $183 million ($137 million after tax) in 2022. See Note 2 under "Georgia Power – Nuclear Construction" for additional information.
(d)For 2024, includes a pre-tax gain of approximately $114 million ($84 million after tax) related to the sale of transmission line assets under the integrated transmission system agreement. See Note 2 under "Georgia Power – Transmission Asset Sales" for additional information.
Mississippi Power's CODM utilizes segment expense information in the form of variances to budget to assess performance; therefore, Mississippi Power has no reportable significant segment expenses. Mississippi Power's segment information for revenues, depreciation and amortization, interest expense, and income taxes is reflected on its statements of income. Mississippi Power's earnings from equity method investments are included in other income (expense), net on its statements of income and were immaterial for all periods presented. Other segment items primarily consist of fuel and purchased power, other operations and maintenance, taxes other than income taxes, and non-service cost-related retirement benefits income and totaled $0.9 billion, $1.0 billion, and $1.3 billion for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
Southern Power
Southern Power's single reportable business segment is the sale of electricity in the competitive wholesale market. Substantially all of Southern Power's revenues from products and services are reflected as wholesale on its consolidated statements of income. Southern Power's CODM utilizes segment expense information in the form of variances to budget to assess performance; therefore, Southern Power has no reportable significant segment expenses. Southern Power's segment information for revenues, depreciation and amortization, interest expense, and income taxes (benefit) is reflected on its consolidated statements of income. Southern Power had no earnings from equity method investments for any period presented. Other segment items primarily consist of fuel, purchased power, other operations and maintenance, taxes other than income taxes, losses (gains) on asset dispositions,
and net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests and totaled $1.1 billion, $1.2 billion, and $2.3 billion for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
Southern Company Gas
Southern Company Gas manages its business through three reportable segments – gas distribution operations, gas pipeline investments, and gas marketing services. The non-reportable segments are combined and presented as all other. See Note 15 under "Southern Company Gas" for additional information on the disposition activities described herein.
The gas distribution operations segment is the largest component of Southern Company Gas' business and includes natural gas local distribution utilities that construct, manage, and maintain intrastate natural gas pipelines and gas distribution facilities in four states.
The gas pipeline investments segment consists of joint ventures in natural gas pipeline investments including a 50% interest in SNG and a 50% joint ownership interest in the Dalton Pipeline. These natural gas pipelines enable the provision of diverse sources of natural gas supplies to the customers of Southern Company Gas. See Notes 5 and 7 for additional information.
The gas marketing services segment provides natural gas marketing to end-use customers primarily in Georgia and Illinois through SouthStar.
The "All Other" column includes segments and subsidiaries that fall below the quantitative threshold for separate disclosure, including storage and fuels operations. The "All Other" column included a natural gas storage facility in Texas through its sale in November 2022 and a natural gas storage facility in California through its sale in September 2023.
Southern Company Gas' CODM utilizes segment expense information in the form of variances to budget to assess performance; therefore, Southern Company Gas has no reportable significant segment expenses.
Financial data for business segments for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 was as follows:
Gas Distribution OperationsGas Pipeline InvestmentsGas Marketing Services
Total Reportable Segments
All OtherEliminationsConsolidated
(in millions)
2024
Operating revenues$3,899 $32 $516 $4,447 $23 $(14)$4,456 
Other segment items(a)
2,236 6 356 2,598 29 (14)2,613 
Depreciation and amortization630 5 14 649 1 — 650 
Earnings from equity method investments— 146 — 146 — — 146 
Interest expense311 35 3 349 (8)— 341 
Income taxes172 31 41 244 14 — 258 
Segment net income (loss)
$550 $101 $102 $753 $(13)$— $740 
Total assets$24,067 $1,573 $1,696 $27,336 $10,047 $(11,206)$26,177 
2023
Operating revenues$4,105 $32 $548 $4,685 $36 $(19)$4,702 
Other segment items(a)(b)
2,702 5 402 3,109 34 (19)3,124 
Depreciation and amortization561 5 15 581 1 — 582 
Earnings from equity method investments— 140 — 140 — — 140 
Interest expense275 32 3 310 — — 310 
Income taxes126 32 37 195 16 — 211 
Segment net income (loss)(b)
$441 $98 $91 $630 $(15)$— $615 
Total assets$22,906 $1,534 $1,615 $26,055 $9,675 $(10,647)$25,083 
2022
Operating revenues$5,267 $32 $638 $5,937 $55 $(30)$5,962 
Other segment items(a)(c)
3,907 6 488 4,401 165 (30)4,536 
Depreciation and amortization516 5 16 537 22 — 559 
Earnings from equity method investments— 148 — 148 — — 148 
Interest expense229 27 3 259 4 — 263 
Income taxes (benefit)145 35 37 217 (37)— 180 
Segment net income (loss)(c)
$470 $107 $94 $671 $(99)$— $572 
Total assets$22,040 $1,577 $1,616 $25,233 $8,943 $(9,555)$24,621 
(a)Primarily consists of cost of natural gas, other operations and maintenance, taxes other than income taxes, impairment charges, estimated loss on regulatory disallowance, AFUDC equity, and non-service cost-related retirement benefits income.
(b)For gas distribution operations, includes pre-tax charges totaling approximately $96 million ($72 million after tax) associated with the disallowance of certain capital investments at Nicor Gas. See Note 2 under "Southern Company Gas" for additional information.
(c)For the "All Other" column, includes pre-tax impairment charges totaling approximately $131 million ($99 million after tax) related to the sale of natural gas storage facilities. See Note 15 under "Southern Company Gas" for additional information.