SCHEDULE 13G

Amendment No. 3
James River Coal Company
Common Stock
Cusip #470355207


Cusip #470355207
Item 1:	Reporting Person - FMR LLC
Item 4:	Delaware
Item 5:	38,508
Item 6:	0
Item 7:	192,775
Item 8:	0
Item 9:	192,775
Item 11:	0.699%
Item 12:	    HC


Cusip #470355207
Item 1:	Reporting Person - Edward C. Johnson 3d
Item 4:	United States of America
Item 5:	0
Item 6:	0
Item 7:	192,775
Item 8:	0
Item 9:	192,775
Item 11:	0.699%
Item 12:	IN




	SCHEDULE 13G - TO BE INCLUDED IN
STATEMENTS
	FILED PURSUANT TO RULE 13d-1(b) or 13d-2(b)



Item 1(a).	Name of Issuer:

		James River Coal Company

Item 1(b).	Name of Issuer's Principal Executive Offices:

		901 E. Byrd Street
		Suite 1600
		Richmond, Virginia  23219


Item 2(a).	Name of Person Filing:

		FMR LLC

Item 2(b).	Address or Principal Business Office or, if None,
Residence:

		82 Devonshire Street, Boston,
Massachusetts  02109

Item 2(c).	Citizenship:

		Not applicable

Item 2(d).	Title of Class of Securities:

		Common Stock

Item 2(e).	CUSIP Number:

		470355207

Item 3.	This statement is filed pursuant to Rule 13d-1(b) or 13d-2(b)
and the person filing, FMR LLC, is a parent holding company
in accordance with Section 240.13d-1(b)(ii)(G).  (Note:  See
Item 7).

Item 4.	Ownership

	(a)	Amount Beneficially Owned:	192,775

	(b)	Percent of Class:	0.699%

	(c)	Number of shares as to which such
person has:

	(i)	sole power to vote or to direct
the vote:	38,508

	(ii)	shared power to vote or to
direct the vote:	0

	(iii)	sole power to dispose or to
direct the disposition of:	192,775

	(iv)	shared power to dispose or to
direct the disposition of:	0



Item 5.	Ownership of Five Percent or Less of a Class.

	If this statement is being filed to report the fact that as of the
date hereof, the reporting person has ceased to be the
beneficial owner of more than five percent of the class of
securities, check the following (X).

Item 6.	Ownership of More than Five Percent on Behalf of Another
Person.

	Not applicable

Item 7.	Identification and Classification of the Subsidiary Which
Acquired the Security Being Reported on By the Parent
Holding Company.

	See attached Exhibit A.

Item 8.	Identification and Classification of Members of
the Group.

	Not applicable.  See attached Exhibit A.

Item 9.	Notice of Dissolution of Group.

	Not applicable.

Item 10.	Certification.

	Inasmuch as the reporting persons are no longer the beneficial
owners of more than five percent of the number of shares
outstanding, the reporting persons have no further reporting
obligation under Section 13(d) of the Securities and Exchange
Commission thereunder, and the reporting persons have no
obligation to amend this Statement if any material change
occurs in the facts set forth herein.

Signature

	After reasonable inquiry and to the best of my knowledge and
belief, I certify that the information set forth in this statement
is true, complete and correct.

April 12, 2010
Date

 /s/ Scott C. Goebel
Signature

Scott C. Goebel
Duly authorized under Power of Attorney
effective as of June 1, 2008 by and on behalf of FMR LLC
and its direct and indirect  subsidiaries


	SCHEDULE 13G - TO BE INCLUDED IN
STATEMENTS
	FILED PURSUANT TO RULE 13d-1(b) or 13d-2(b)



	Pursuant to the instructions in Item 7 of Schedule 13G,
Fidelity Management & Research Company ("Fidelity"), 82
Devonshire Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02109, a wholly-
owned subsidiary of FMR LLC and an investment adviser
registered under Section 203 of the Investment Advisers Act
of 1940, is the beneficial owner of 154,267 shares or 0.559%
of the Common Stock outstanding of James River Coal
Company  ("the Company") as a result of acting as investment
adviser to various investment companies registered under
Section 8 of the Investment Company Act of 1940. The
number of shares of Common Stock of James River Coal
Company owned by the investment companies at March 31,
2010 included 4,267 shares of Common Stock resulting from
the assumed conversion of $110,000 principal amount of
JAMES RVR CL CV 4.5 12/15 144A (38.7913 shares of
Common Stock for each $1,000 principal amount of
debenture).

	Edward C. Johnson 3d and FMR LLC, through its
control of Fidelity, and the funds each has sole power to
dispose of the 154,267 shares owned by the Funds.

	Members of the family of Edward C. Johnson 3d,
Chairman of FMR LLC, are the predominant owners, directly
or through trusts, of Series B voting common shares of FMR
LLC, representing 49% of the voting power of FMR LLC.
The Johnson family group and all other Series B shareholders
have entered into a shareholders' voting agreement under
which all Series B voting common shares will be voted in
accordance with the majority vote of Series B voting common
shares.  Accordingly, through their ownership of voting
common shares and the execution of the shareholders' voting
agreement, members of the Johnson family may be deemed,
under the Investment Company Act of 1940, to form a
controlling group with respect to FMR LLC.

	Neither FMR LLC nor Edward C. Johnson 3d,
Chairman of FMR LLC, has the sole power to vote or direct
the voting of the shares owned directly by the Fidelity Funds,
which power resides with the Funds' Boards of Trustees.
Fidelity carries out the voting of the shares under written
guidelines established by the Funds' Boards of Trustees.

	Strategic Advisers, Inc., 82 Devonshire Street, Boston,
MA 02109, a wholly-owned subsidiary of FMR LLC and an
investment adviser registered under Section 203 of the
Investment Advisers Act of 1940, provides investment
advisory services to individuals.  As such, FMR LLC's
beneficial ownership includes 4,760 shares, or 0.017%, of the
Common Stock outstanding of James River Coal Company,
beneficially owned through Strategic Advisers, Inc.

	Pyramis Global Advisors, LLC ("PGALLC"), 900
Salem Street, Smithfield, Rhode Island, 02917, an indirect
wholly-owned subsidiary of FMR LLC and an investment
adviser registered under Section 203 of the Investment
Advisers Act of 1940, is the beneficial owner of 30,645 shares
or 0.111% of the outstanding Common Stock of James River
Coal Company as a result of its serving as investment adviser
to institutional accounts, non-U.S. mutual funds, or investment
companies registered under Section 8 of the Investment
Company Act of 1940 owning such shares. The number of
shares of Common Stock of James River Coal Company
owned by the institutional account(s) at March 31, 2010
included 30,645 shares of Common Stock resulting from the
assumed conversion of $790,000 principal amount of JAMES
RVR CL CV 4.5 12/15 144A (38.7913 shares of Common
Stock for each $1,000 principal amount of debenture).

	Edward C. Johnson 3d and FMR LLC, through its
control of PGALLC, each has sole dispositive power over
30,645 shares and sole power to vote or to direct the voting of
30,645 shares of Common Stock owned by the institutional
accounts or funds advised by PGALLC as reported above.

	Pyramis Global Advisors Trust Company ("PGATC"),
900 Salem Street, Smithfield, Rhode Island, 02917, an indirect
wholly-owned subsidiary of FMR LLC and a bank as defined
in Section 3(a)(6) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, is
the beneficial owner of 3,103 shares or 0.011% of the
outstanding Common Stock of the James River Coal Company
as a result of its serving as investment manager of institutional
accounts owning such shares. The number of shares of
Common Stock of James River Coal Company owned by the
institutional account(s) at March 31, 2010 included 3,103
shares of Common Stock resulting from the assumed
conversion of $80,000 principal amount of JAMES RVR CL
CV 4.5 12/15 144A (38.7913 shares of Common Stock for
each $1,000 principal amount of debenture).

	Edward C. Johnson 3d and FMR LLC, through its
control of Pyramis Global Advisors Trust Company, each has
sole dispositive power over 3,103 shares and sole power to
vote or to direct the voting of 3,103 shares of Common Stock
owned by the institutional accounts managed by PGATC as
reported above.



	SCHEDULE 13G - TO BE INCLUDED IN
STATEMENTS
	FILED PURSUANT TO RULE 13d-1(b) or 13d-2(b)
	RULE 13d-1(f)(1)  AGREEMENT

	The undersigned persons, on April 12, 2010, agree and
consent to the joint filing on their behalf of this Schedule 13G
in connection with their beneficial ownership of the Common
Stock of James River Coal Company at March 31, 2010.

	FMR LLC

	By /s/ Scott C. Goebel
	Scott C. Goebel
	Duly authorized under Power of Attorney effective as
of June 1, 2008, by and on behalf of FMR LLC and its direct
and indirect subsidiaries

	Edward C. Johnson 3d

	By /s/ Scott C. Goebel
	Scott C. Goebel
	Duly authorized under Power of Attorney effective as
of June 1, 2008, by and on behalf of Edward C. Johnson 3d

	Fidelity Management & Research Company

	By /s/ Scott C. Goebel
	Scott C. Goebel
	Senior V.P. and General Counsel