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<edgarSubmission xmlns="http://www.sec.gov/edgar/thirteenffiler" xmlns:com="http://www.sec.gov/edgar/common">
  <headerData>
    <submissionType>13F-HR/A</submissionType>
    <filerInfo>
      <liveTestFlag>LIVE</liveTestFlag>
      <flags>
        <confirmingCopyFlag>false</confirmingCopyFlag>
        <returnCopyFlag>true</returnCopyFlag>
        <overrideInternetFlag>false</overrideInternetFlag>
      </flags>
      <filer>
        <credentials>
          <cik>0000315038</cik>
          <ccc>XXXXXXXX</ccc>
        </credentials>
      </filer>
      <periodOfReport>03-31-2004</periodOfReport>
    </filerInfo>
  </headerData>
  <formData>
    <coverPage>
      <reportCalendarOrQuarter>03-31-2004</reportCalendarOrQuarter>
      <isAmendment>true</isAmendment>
      <amendmentNo>1</amendmentNo>
      <amendmentInfo>
        <amendmentType>NEW HOLDINGS</amendmentType>
      </amendmentInfo>
      <filingManager>
        <name>TEACHERS INSURANCE &amp; ANNUITY ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA</name>
        <address>
          <com:street1>730 THIRD AVE</com:street1>
          <com:city>NEW YORK</com:city>
          <com:stateOrCountry>NY</com:stateOrCountry>
          <com:zipCode>10017</com:zipCode>
        </address>
      </filingManager>
      <reportType>13F HOLDINGS REPORT</reportType>
      <form13FFileNumber>028-00331</form13FFileNumber>
      <provideInfoForInstruction5>Y</provideInfoForInstruction5>
      <additionalInformation>The registrant is making this amended filing due to the fact that the initial filing for the period specified above inadvertently omitted certain securities managed by the registrant.
Immaterial differences between this 13F Amendment as filed and the corresponding quarters TIAA Real Estate Account 10Q are due to rounding.</additionalInformation>
    </coverPage>
    <signatureBlock>
      <name>Melissa Blevins</name>
      <title>VP, Investment Acctg &amp; Fin Ops</title>
      <phone>704-988-5838</phone>
      <signature>Melissa Blevins</signature>
      <city>Charlotte</city>
      <stateOrCountry>NC</stateOrCountry>
      <signatureDate>08-13-2013</signatureDate>
    </signatureBlock>
    <summaryPage>
      <otherIncludedManagersCount>3</otherIncludedManagersCount>
      <tableEntryTotal>44</tableEntryTotal>
      <tableValueTotal>279109</tableValueTotal>
      <otherManagers2Info>
        <otherManager2>
          <sequenceNumber>1</sequenceNumber>
          <otherManager>
            <form13FFileNumber>028-4800</form13FFileNumber>
            <name>Teachers Advisors, Inc</name>
          </otherManager>
        </otherManager2>
        <otherManager2>
          <sequenceNumber>2</sequenceNumber>
          <otherManager>
            <form13FFileNumber>028-3194</form13FFileNumber>
            <name>TIAA-CREF Investment Management LLC</name>
          </otherManager>
        </otherManager2>
        <otherManager2>
          <sequenceNumber>3</sequenceNumber>
          <otherManager>
            <form13FFileNumber>028-5057</form13FFileNumber>
            <name>TIAA-CREF Trust Company</name>
          </otherManager>
        </otherManager2>
      </otherManagers2Info>
    </summaryPage>
  </formData>
</edgarSubmission>
