Employee benefits (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Statements [Line Items]

Summary of Amounts Recognized in Relation to Net Defined Benefit Liability asset in Statements of Financial Position

Amounts recognized in the consolidated statements of financial position are as follows:

	Yen in millions
	Japanese plans									Foreign plans
	April 1			March 31						April 1			March 31
	2020			2021			2022			2020			2021			2022
Present value of defined benefit obligations		658,863			640,061			614,763			357,096			371,239			277,903
Fair value of plan assets		(437,206	)		(476,411	)		(474,933	)		(277,719	)		(288,394	)		(198,791	)
The impact of minimum funding requirement and asset ceiling		1,898			3,990			4,870			14,241			13,156			2,491
Net amount		223,555			167,640			144,700			93,618			96,001			81,603
Amount recognized in the consolidated statements of financial position
Net defined benefit asset		(1,493	)		(1,757	)		(21,057	)		(9,818	)		(714	)		(6,544	)
Net defined benefit liability		225,048			169,397			165,757			103,436			96,715			88,147
Net amount		223,555			167,640			144,700			93,618			96,001			81,603

Summary of Weighted Average Duration of Defined Benefit Obligations

The weighted average duration of defined benefit obligations for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2021 and 2022 is as follows:

	Japanese plans				Foreign plans
	March 31				March 31
	2021		2022		2021		2022
Weighted average duration of defined benefit obligations		11.9 years		11.5 years		11.8 years		15.7 years

Summary of Weighted-Average Actuarial Assumptions Used to Determine the Present Value of Defined Benefit Obligations

The significant actuarial assumptions used to determine the present value of defined benefit obligations as of April 1, 2020 and March 31, 2021 and 2022 are as follows:

	Japanese plans									Foreign plans
	April 1			March 31						April 1			March 31
	2020			2021			2022			2020			2021			2022
Discount rate		0.6	%		0.6	%		0.7	%		2.1	%		1.4	%		2.5	%

Summary of Sensitivity of the Defined Benefit Obligations

The sensitivities of the defined benefit obligations to changes in the significant weighted-average actuarial assumptions are as follows:

	Yen in millions
	Japanese plans									Foreign plans
	April 1			March 31						April 1			March 31
Change in assumptions	2020			2021			2022			2020			2021			2022
Discount rate
0.25% decrease		20,722			19,965			18,069			10,619			11,281			11,055
0.25% increase		(18,277	)		(16,825	)		(15,372	)		(9,914	)		(10,431	)		(10,439	)

The changes in the plan assets for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2021 and 2022 are as follows:

	Yen in millions
	Japanese plans						Foreign plans
	Fiscal year ended March 31						Fiscal year ended March 31
	2021			2022			2021			2022
Beginning balance of the fiscal year		437,206			476,411			277,719			288,394
Interest income		2,623			3,026			5,118			3,955
Remeasurements:
Return on plan assets excluding interest income		56,913			17,617			(28,024	)		(10,121	)
Translation adjustments		—			—			24,158			13,880
Employer contribution		2,333			2,476			37,880			4,573
Plan participants’ contributions		—			—			258			333
Benefits paid		(22,664	)		(24,597	)		(22,488	)		(37,545	)
Refunds from the plans		—			—			—			(5,005	)
Curtailments and settlements *		—			—			(6,227	)		(59,673	)
Ending balance of the fiscal year		476,411			474,933			288,394			198,791

* Curtailments and settlements of the foreign plans for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022 relate mainly to the termination of the defined benefit pension plan at certain U.S. subsidiaries.

Summary of Defined Contribution Expenses

Total defined contribution expenses for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2021 and 2022 are as follows:

	Yen in millions
	Fiscal year ended March 31
	2021		2022
Japanese plans		10,992		11,137
Foreign plans		9,639		11,154

Summary of Employee Benefit expense

Employee benefits expenses included in cost of sales, selling, general and administrative, and financial services expenses in the consolidated statements of income for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2021 and 2022 are as follows:

	Yen in millions
	Fiscal year ended March 31
	2021		2022
Total employee benefits expenses		1,187,119		1,253,148

Japanese Defined Benefit Plans [Member]

Statements [Line Items]

Summary of Fair Value of Plan Assets

The fair values of the assets held by Japanese and foreign plans are as follows:

	Yen in millions
	Japanese plans
	April 1 2020		Market price in active market
Asset class			Quoted		Unquoted
Cash and cash equivalents		13,349		13,349		—
Equity securities*1		24,715		21,377		3,338
Fixed income:
Government bonds*2		7,833		1,087		6,746
Corporate bonds*3		3,952		20		3,932
Commingled funds*4		303,030		—		303,030
Private equity		35,866		—		35,866
Hedge funds		48,461		—		48,461
Total		437,206		35,833		401,373

	Yen in millions
	Japanese plans
	March 31 2021		Market price in active market
Asset class			Quoted		Unquoted
Cash and cash equivalents		44,317		44,317		—
Equity securities*1		32,269		28,288		3,981
Fixed income:
Government bonds*2		9,820		1,149		8,671
Corporate bonds*3		3,635		19		3,616
Commingled funds*4		295,963		—		295,963
Private equity		43,023		—		43,023
Hedge funds		47,384		—		47,384
Total		476,411		73,773		402,638
	Yen in millions
	Japanese plans
	March 31 2022		Market price in active market
Asset class			Quoted		Unquoted
Cash and cash equivalents		13,843		13,843		—
Equity securities*1		31,660		28,175		3,485
Fixed income:
Government bonds*2		10,005		1,122		8,883
Corporate bonds*3		4,222		31		4,191
Commingled funds*4		316,319		—		316,319
Private equity		49,777		—		49,777
Hedge funds		49,107		—		49,107
Total		474,933		43,171		431,762

*1 Represents primarily Japanese equity securities.

*2 Includes approximately 82%, 84% and 84% of debt securities issued by Japanese national and local governments, and 18%, 16% and 16% of debt securities issued by foreign national and local governments as of April 1, 2020 and for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2021 and 2022, respectively.

*3 Includes debt securities issued by Japanese and foreign corporation and government related agencies.

*4 Commingled funds represent pooled institutional investments, including primarily investment trusts.

Foreign Defined Benefit Plan [Member]

Statements [Line Items]

Summary of Fair Value of Plan Assets

	Yen in millions
	Foreign plans
	April 1 2020		Market price in active market
Asset class			Quoted		Unquoted
Cash and cash equivalents		3,940		3,940		—
Equity securities*1		17,591		16,973		618
Fixed income:
Government bonds*2		93,826		—		93,826
Corporate bonds*3		32,080		—		32,080
Asset-backed securities		1,320		—		1,320
Insurance contracts*4		16,722		—		16,722
Commingled funds*5		78,972		—		78,972
Real estate and other		33,268		—		33,268
Total		277,719		20,913		256,806

	Yen in millions
	Foreign plans
	March 31 2021		Market price in active market
Asset class			Quoted		Unquoted
Cash and cash equivalents		2,642		2,642		—
Equity securities*1		11,349		10,631		718
Fixed income:
Government bonds*2		18,843		—		18,843
Corporate bonds*3		59,071		—		59,071
Asset-backed securities		120		—		120
Insurance contracts*4		129,491		—		129,491
Commingled funds*5		63,118		—		63,118
Real estate and other		3,760		—		3,760
Total		288,394		13,273		275,121

	Yen in millions
	Foreign plans
	March 31 2022		Market price in active market
Asset class			Quoted		Unquoted
Cash and cash equivalents		2,350		2,350		—
Equity securities*1		61		61		—
Fixed income:
Government bonds*2		19,141		—		19,141
Corporate bonds*3		23,546		—		23,546
Asset-backed securities		63		—		63
Insurance contracts*4		129,084		432		128,652
Commingled funds*5		22,316		—		22,316
Real estate and other		2,230		8		2,222
Total		198,791		2,851		195,940

*1 Includes primarily foreign equity securities.

*2 Includes primarily foreign government debt securities.

*3 Includes primarily foreign corporate debt securities.

*4 Represents annuity contracts with or without profit sharing and bulk insurance contracts.

*5 Commingled funds represent pooled institutional investments, including primarily investment trusts.

Present value of defined benefit obligation [member]

Statements [Line Items]

Summary of Changes in the Defined Benefit Obligations Present Value of Defined Benefit Obligations

Present value of defined benefit obligations

The changes in the defined benefit obligations for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2021 and 2022 are as follows:

	Yen in millions
	Japanese plans						Foreign plans
	Fiscal year ended March 31						Fiscal year ended March 31
	2021			2022			2021			2022
Beginning balance of the fiscal year		658,863			640,061			357,096			371,239
Current service cost		12,763			12,868			2,605			2,424
Past service cost		—			4			157			(34	)
Interest cost		3,684			3,751			6,410			5,117
Remeasurements:
Change in demographic assumptions		3,091			(536	)		(1,568	)		630
Change in financial assumptions		(2,820	)		(8,594	)		10,694			(16,789	)
Other		—			(95	)		2,002			(91	)
Translation adjustments		—			—			26,669			19,372
Plan participants’ contributions		—			—			258			333
Benefits paid		(35,563	)		(32,909	)		(24,075	)		(38,923	)
Curtailments and settlements *		—			—			(9,009	)		(65,375	)
Other		43			213			—			—
Ending balance of the fiscal year		640,061			614,763			371,239			277,903

* Curtailments and settlements of the foreign plans for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022 relate mainly to the termination of the defined benefit pension plan at certain U.S. subsidiaries.

Effect of asset ceiling [member]

Statements [Line Items]

Summary of Changes in the Defined Benefit Obligations Present Value of Defined Benefit Obligations

The impact of minimum funding requirement and asset ceiling

The impact of minimum funding requirement and asset ceiling for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2021 and 2022 is as follows:

	Yen in millions
	Japanese plans				Foreign plans
	Fiscal year ended March 31				Fiscal year ended March 31
	2021		2022		2021			2022
Beginning balance of the fiscal year		1,898		3,990		14,241			13,156
Interest income		11		25		271			187
Remeasurements:
Change in asset ceiling excluding interest income		2,081		855		(2,447	)		(11,018	)
Translation adjustments		—		—		1,091			166
Ending balance of the fiscal year		3,990		4,870		13,156			2,491