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INCOME TAXES
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
INCOME TAXES
INCOME TAXES
 
A valuation allowance is recorded against all or a portion of the deferred tax assets in the U.S., Canada, U.K., Germany, and the Netherlands.
 
Each quarter, a full year tax rate is estimated for jurisdictions not subject to valuation allowances based upon the most recent forecast of full year anticipated results and the year-to-date tax expense is adjusted to reflect the full year anticipated tax rate. The rate is an estimate based upon projected results for the year, estimated annual permanent differences, the statutory tax rates in the various jurisdictions in which the Company operates, and the non-recognition of tax benefits for entities with full valuation allowances. The overall effective tax rate was 23.2% and 14.8% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017.

The tax years 2014 through 2016 remain open to examination by the U.S. federal taxing authorities. The tax years 2011 through 2016 remain open to examination by the U.S. state taxing authorities. For other major jurisdictions (Switzerland, U.K., Taiwan, France, Germany, Netherlands, China and India), the tax years between 2009 and 2016 generally remain open to routine examination by foreign taxing authorities, depending on the jurisdiction.
 
At September 30, 2017, a liability of $1.4 million is recorded with respect to uncertain income tax positions, which includes related interest of $0.1 million. If recognized, essentially all of the uncertain tax positions and related interest at September 30, 2017 would be recorded as a benefit to income tax expense on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. It is reasonably possible that some of the uncertain tax positions pertaining to foreign operations may change within the next 12 months due to audit settlements and statute of limitations expirations. The change in uncertain tax positions for these potential settlements is estimated to be up to $1.2 million.