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Stock Transactions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
Stock Transactions [Abstract]  
Stock Transactions
(17) STOCK TRANSACTIONS:

On May 11, 2010, the Company's Board of Directors (the "Board") approved a two-for-one stock split (effected in the form of a dividend by issuing one additional share of common stock for each issued share of common stock), which was paid on June 10, 2010 to stockholders of record at the close of business on May 25, 2010. All prior period share and per share amounts set forth in this report, including earnings per share and the weighted average number of shares outstanding for basic and diluted earnings per share for each respective period, have been adjusted to reflect the stock split.

On May 11, 2010, the Company's Board authorized the repurchase of up to 20 million shares of the Company's common stock from time to time on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. There is no expiration date for the Company's repurchase program. The timing and amount of any shares repurchased will be determined by the Company's management based on its evaluation of market conditions and other factors. The repurchase program may be suspended or discontinued at any time. Any repurchased shares will be available for use in connection with the Company's equity compensation plans (or any successor plan) and for other corporate purposes. Neither the Company nor any "affiliated purchaser" repurchased any shares of Company common stock during 2011, 2010 or 2009. The Company expects to fund any repurchases using the Company's available cash balances or proceeds from the issuance of commercial paper. At December 31, 2011, the Company had 20 million shares remaining for stock repurchases under the existing Board authorization.

Stock options and RSUs have been issued to directors, officers and other employees under the Company's 1998 Stock Option Plan and the 2007 Stock Incentive Plan. In addition, in connection with the November 2007 Tektronix acquisition, the Company assumed the Tektronix 2005 Stock Incentive Plan and the Tektronix 2002 Stock Incentive Plan (the "Tektronix Plans") and assumed certain outstanding stock options, restricted stock and RSUs that had been awarded to Tektronix employees under the plans. These plans operate in a similar manner to the Company's 2007 Stock Incentive Plan and 1998 Stock Option Plan. No further equity awards will be issued under the 1998 Stock Option Plan or the Tektronix Plans. The 2007 Stock Incentive Plan provides for the grant of stock options, stock appreciation rights, RSUs, restricted stock or any other stock based award. In May 2011, the Company's shareholders approved amendments to the 2007 Stock Incentive Plan that, among other items, authorized the issuance of an additional 7 million shares pursuant to the plan bringing the total number of shares authorized for issuance under the plan to 45 million. No more than 14 million of the 45 million authorized shares may be granted in any form other than stock options or stock appreciation rights.

 

Stock options granted under the 2007 Stock Incentive Plan, the 1998 Stock Option Plan and the Tektronix Plans generally vest pro-rata over a five-year period and terminate ten years from the grant date, though the specific terms of each grant are determined by the Compensation Committee of the Company's Board (the "Compensation Committee"). The Company's executive officers and certain other employees have been awarded options with different vesting criteria, and options granted to outside directors are fully vested as of the grant date. Option exercise prices for options granted by the Company under these plans equal the closing price of the Company's common stock on the NYSE on the date of grant. Option exercise prices for the options outstanding under the Tektronix Plans were based on the closing price of Tektronix common stock on the date of grant. In connection with the Company's assumption of these options, the number of shares underlying each option and exercise price of each option were adjusted to reflect the substitution of the Company's stock for the Tektronix stock underlying these awards.

RSUs issued under the 2007 Stock Incentive Plan and the 1998 Stock Option Plan provide for the issuance of a share of the Company's common stock at no cost to the holder. Most RSU awards granted prior to the third quarter of 2009 are subject to performance criteria determined by the Compensation Committee, and RSU awards granted during or after the third quarter of 2009 to members of the Company's senior management are also subject to performance criteria. The RSUs that have been granted to employees under the 2007 Stock Incentive Plan and the 1998 Stock Option Plan generally provide for time-based vesting over a five year period, although the specific time-based vesting terms vary depending on grant date and on whether the recipient is a member of senior management. The RSUs that have been granted to directors under the 2007 Stock Incentive Plan vest on the earlier of the first anniversary of the grant date or the date of, and immediately prior to, the next annual meeting of the Company's shareholders following the grant date, but the underlying shares are not issued until the earlier of the director's death or the first day of the seventh month following the director's retirement from the Board. Prior to vesting, RSUs do not have dividend equivalent rights, do not have voting rights and the shares underlying the RSUs are not considered issued and outstanding.

Restricted shares issued under the Tektronix Plans were granted subject to certain time-based vesting restrictions such that the restricted share awards are fully vested after a period of five years. Holders of restricted shares have the right to vote such shares and receive dividends. The restricted shares are considered issued and outstanding at the date the award is granted.

The options, RSUs and restricted shares generally vest only if the employee is employed by the Company (or in the case of directors, the director continues to serve on the Company Board) on the vesting date or in other limited circumstances. To cover the exercise of options and vesting of RSUs, the Company generally issues new shares from its authorized but unissued share pool, although it may instead issue treasury shares in certain circumstances. At December 31, 2011, approximately 20 million shares of the Company's common stock were reserved for issuance under the 2007 Stock Incentive Plan.

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation by measuring the cost of employee services received in exchange for all equity awards granted, including stock options, RSUs and restricted shares, based on the fair value of the award as of the grant date. The Company recognizes the compensation expense over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period. The fair value for RSU and restricted stock awards was calculated using the closing price of the Company's common stock on the date of grant. The fair value of the options granted was calculated using a Black-Scholes Merton option pricing model ("Black-Scholes").

The following summarizes the assumptions used in the Black-Scholes model to value options granted during the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2011     2010     2009  

Risk-free interest rate

     1.17 – 3.19     1.39 – 3.41     2.08 – 3.68

Weighted average volatility

     28     28     31

Dividend yield

     0.2     0.2     0.2

Expected years until exercise

     68.5        68.5        69.5   

 

The Black-Scholes model incorporates assumptions to value stock-based awards. The risk-free rate of interest for periods within the contractual life of the option is based on a zero-coupon U.S. government instrument whose maturity period equals or approximates the option's expected term. Expected volatility is based on implied volatility from traded options on the Company's stock and historical volatility of the Company's stock. The dividend yield is calculated by dividing the Company's annual dividend, based on the most recent quarterly dividend rate, by the closing stock price on the grant date. To estimate the option exercise timing to be used in the valuation model, in addition to considering the vesting period and contractual term of the option, the Company analyzes and considers actual historical exercise experience for previously granted options. The Company stratifies its employee population into multiple groups for option valuation and attribution purposes based upon distinctive patterns of forfeiture rates and option holding periods.

The amount of stock-based compensation expense recognized during a period is based on the portion of the awards that are ultimately expected to vest. The Company estimates pre-vesting forfeitures at the time of grant by analyzing historical data and revises those estimates in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. Ultimately, the total expense recognized over the vesting period will equal the fair value of awards that actually vest.

The following table summarizes the components of the Company's share-based compensation program recorded as expense ($ in millions):

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2011     2010     2009  

Restricted Stock Units & Restricted Shares:

      

Pre-tax compensation expense

   $ 47.9      $ 32.2      $ 29.1   

Tax benefit

     (17.8     (12.0     (10.8
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Restricted stock unit and restricted share expense, net of tax

   $ 30.1      $ 20.2      $ 18.3   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Stock Options:

      

Pre-tax compensation expense

   $ 47.7      $ 55.9      $ 58.2   

Tax benefit

     (14.6     (16.5     (18.0
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Stock option expense, net of tax

   $ 33.1      $ 39.4      $ 40.2   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Share-Based Compensation:

      

Pre-tax compensation expense

   $ 95.6      $ 88.1      $ 87.3   

Tax benefit

     (32.4     (28.5     (28.8
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total share-based compensation expense, net of tax

   $ 63.2      $ 59.6      $ 58.5   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Share-based compensation has been recognized as a component of selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Earnings. As of December 31, 2011, $118 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to RSUs and restricted shares is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 2 years. As of December 31, 2011, $126 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to stock options is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 2 years. Both amounts will be adjusted for any future changes in estimated forfeitures.

 

Option activity under the Company's stock plans as of December 31, 2011 and changes during the three years ended December 31, 2011 were as follows (in thousands; except exercise price and number of years):

 

     Options     Weighted
Average
Exercise  Price
     Weighted Average
Remaining
Contractual Term
(in Years)
   Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
 

Outstanding at January 1, 2009

     44,168      $ 25.25         

Granted

     5,120      $ 28.59         

Exercised

     (8,642   $ 14.28         

Cancelled

     (1,852   $ 37.15         
  

 

 

         

Outstanding at December 31, 2009

     38,794      $ 27.57         

Granted

     4,425      $ 38.26         

Exercised

     (7,028   $ 19.49         

Cancelled

     (1,371   $ 33.62         
  

 

 

         

Outstanding at December 31, 2010

     34,820      $ 30.31         

Granted

     3,807      $ 50.02         

Exercised

     (4,488   $ 25.73         

Cancelled

     (1,685   $ 35.62         
  

 

 

         

Outstanding at December 31, 2011

     32,454      $ 32.98       5    $ 467,272   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

  

 

 

 

Vested and Expected to Vest at December 31, 2011 (1)

     31,679      $ 32.75       5    $ 462,537   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

  

 

 

 

Exercisable at December 31, 2011

     19,232      $ 28.71       4    $ 352,544   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

  

 

 

 

 

Options outstanding at December 31, 2011 are summarized below:

 

     Outstanding    Exercisable  

Exercise Price

   Shares
(thousands)
     Average
Exercise Price
     Average
Remaining
Life
   Shares
(thousands)
     Average
Exercise Price
 

$15.23 to $23.56

     5,194       $ 18.42       1      5,194       $ 18.42   

$23.57 to $31.26

     9,815       $ 28.33       5      6,804       $ 28.51   

$31.27 to $38.81

     10,401       $ 36.25       6      5,387       $ 35.01   

$38.82 to $46.81

     3,320       $ 40.35       7      1,824       $ 40.14   

$46.82 to $55.07

     3,724       $ 50.01       9      23       $ 50.40   

The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above represents the total pre-tax intrinsic value (the difference between the Company's closing stock price on the last trading day of 2011 and the exercise price, multiplied by the number of in-the-money options) that would have been received by the option holders had all option holders exercised their options on December 31, 2011. The amount of aggregate intrinsic value will change based on the price of the Company's common stock.

The aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 was approximately $105 million, $151 million and $151 million, respectively. Exercise of options during the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 resulted in cash receipts of approximately $114 million, $134 million, and $120 million, respectively. Upon exercise of the award by the employee, the Company derives a tax deduction measured by the excess of the market value over the grant price at the date stock-based awards are exercised. The Company realized a tax benefit of approximately $33 million, $49 million, and $53 million in 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively, related to the exercise of employee stock options. The net income tax benefit in excess of the expense recorded for financial reporting purposes (the "excess tax benefit") has been recorded as an increase to additional paid-in capital. Excess tax benefits are reflected as financing cash inflows in the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.

 

The following table summarizes information on unvested RSUs and restricted shares activity during the three years ended December 31, 2011:

 

     Number of RSUs /Restricted
Shares (in thousands)
    Weighted-Average
Grant-Date  Fair Value
 

Unvested at January 1, 2009

     4,128        30.29   

Granted

     1,914        28.60   

Vested

     (296     31.42   

Forfeited

     (166     34.21   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Unvested at December 31, 2009

     5,580        29.53   

Granted

     1,759        38.17   

Vested

     (1,877     25.19   

Forfeited

     (309     34.37   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Unvested at December 31, 2010

     5,153        33.77   

Granted

     1,628        49.96   

Vested

     (405     35.81   

Forfeited

     (397     38.59   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Unvested at December 31, 2011

     5,979      $ 37.72   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

The Company realized a tax benefit of approximately $7 million, $27 million and $4 million in the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively, related to the vesting of RSUs. The excess tax benefits attributable to RSUs and restricted stock have been recorded as an increase to additional paid-in capital. In connection with the vesting of certain RSUs and restricted shares previously issued by the Company, the Company has elected to withhold from the total shares issued or released to the award holder a number of shares sufficient to fund minimum tax withholding requirements (though under the terms of the applicable plan, the shares are considered to have been issued and are not added back to the pool of shares available for grant). During the year ended December 31, 2011, approximately 147 thousand shares with an aggregate value of approximately $7 million were withheld to satisfy the requirement. During the year ended December 31, 2010, approximately 765 thousand shares with an aggregate value of approximately $29 million were withheld to satisfy the requirement. The withholding is treated as a reduction in additional paid-in capital in the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity.