Fair Value Measurements

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Accounting standards define fair value based on an exit price model, establish a framework for measuring fair value where the Company’s assets and liabilities are required to be carried at fair value and provide for certain disclosures related to the valuation methods used within a valuation hierarchy as established within the accounting standards. This hierarchy prioritizes the inputs into three broad levels as follows. Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 inputs are quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets in markets that are not active, or other observable characteristics for the asset or liability, including interest rates, yield curves and credit risks, or inputs that are derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data through correlation. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs based on the Company’s assumptions. A financial asset or liability’s classification within the hierarchy is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety.

A summary of financial assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows ($ in millions):

	Year Ended December 31				Quoted Prices in Active Market (Level 1)				Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)				Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
	2024		2023		2024		2023		2024		2023		2024		2023
Assets:
Available-for-sale debt securities	$	—	$	5	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	5	$	—	$	—
Investment in equity securities	218		234		3		16		—		—		—		—
Cross-currency swap derivative contracts	415		291		—		—		415		291		—		—

Available-for-sale debt securities, which are included in other long-term assets in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets, are measured at fair value using quoted prices reported by investment brokers and dealers based on the underlying terms of the security and comparison to similar securities traded on an active market. As of December 31, 2023 available-for-sale debt securities primarily included U.S. Treasury Notes and corporate debt securities.

The Company’s investments in equity securities consist of investments in publicly traded equity securities and investments in non-marketable equity securities. The publicly traded securities are classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy as they are measured based on quotes in active markets. For the non-marketable equity securities, the Company estimates the fair value of the investments using the Fair Value Alternative. The Company’s investments in these equity securities are not classified in the fair value hierarchy due to the use of these measurement methods. The Company’s investments in partnerships are accounted for under the equity method of accounting and are not subject to fair value measurement disclosures. As of both December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company’s equity method investments included investments in partnerships with a carrying value of approximately $1.4 billion. During the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the Company recorded net realized and unrealized losses of $57 million, $182 million and $271 million, respectively, related to changes in the fair value of the Company’s investments in equity securities and the Company’s equity in earnings of the partnerships that reflect the changes in fair value of the investments of the partnerships. Refer to Note 8 for additional information on gains and losses on the Company’s investments, including investments in the partnerships.

The cross-currency swap derivative contracts are classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy as they are measured using the income approach with the relevant interest rates and current foreign currency exchange rates and forward curves as inputs. Refer to Note 14 for additional information.

Fair Value of Other Financial Instruments

The carrying amounts and fair values of the Company’s other financial instruments as of December 31 were as follows ($ in millions):

	2024				2023
	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value
Debt obligations:
Notes payable and current portion of long-term debt	$	505	$	502	$	1,695	$	1,672
Long-term debt	15,500		13,109		16,707		14,415

As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, short and long-term borrowings were categorized as Level 1. The fair value of long-term borrowings was based on quoted market prices. The difference between the fair value and the carrying amounts of long-term borrowings is attributable to changes in market interest rates and/or the Company’s credit ratings subsequent to the incurrence of the borrowing. The fair values of borrowings with original maturities of one year or less, as well as cash and cash equivalents, trade accounts receivable, net and trade accounts payable generally approximate their carrying amounts due to the short-term maturities of these instruments.

Refer to Note 15 for information related to the fair value of the Company sponsored defined benefit pension plan assets.