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Financial Instruments
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2012
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Financial Instruments
2. Financial Instruments
On a recurring basis, the Company measures certain of its financial assets, namely its cash equivalents and available-for-sale investments, at fair value. The Company does not have any financial liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The fair value of the Company’s financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis was determined using the following inputs at December 31, 2012 (in thousands):
 
Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
 
 
 
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets
 
Significant Other Observable Inputs
 
Significant Unobservable Inputs
 
Total
 
(Level 1)
 
(Level 2)
 
(Level 3)
Money market funds (1)
$
5,243

 
$
5,243

 
$

 
$

U.S. government securities(2)
42,979

 

 
42,979

 

Total
$
48,222

 
$
5,243

 
$
42,979

 
$


The fair value of the Company’s financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis was determined using the following inputs at December 31, 2011 (in thousands):
 
Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
 
 
 
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets
 
Significant Other Observable Inputs
 
Significant Unobservable Inputs
 
Total
 
(Level 1)
 
(Level 2)
 
(Level 3)
Money market funds (1)
$
5,215

 
$
5,215

 
$

 
$

U.S. government securities(2)
45,999

 

 
45,999

 

Total
$
51,214

 
$
5,215

 
$
45,999

 
$

(1)    Included in cash and cash equivalents in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets
(2) 
Represents our portfolio of available for sale securities and is included in either cash and cash equivalents or short-term investments in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets
Cash equivalents consist of either investments with remaining maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase, or money market funds for which the carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value.
The Company’s available-for-sale securities consist of U.S. government securities with a minimum and weighted average credit rating of A-1+. The Company values these securities based on pricing from pricing vendors, who may use quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1 inputs) or inputs other than quoted prices that are observable either directly or indirectly (Level 2 inputs) in determining fair value. However, the Company classifies all of its fixed income available-for-sale securities as having Level 2 inputs. The valuation techniques used to measure the fair value of the Company’s financial instruments having Level 2 inputs were derived from non-binding market consensus prices that are corroborated by observable market data, quoted market prices for similar instruments, or pricing models, such as discounted cash flow techniques. The Company's procedures include controls to ensure that appropriate fair values are recorded such as comparing prices obtained from multiple independent sources.
As of December 31, 2012, the Company’s available-for-sale securities had contractual maturities from six to twelve months and an average remaining term to maturity of nine months. As of December 31, 2012, the amortized cost basis, aggregate fair value, and gross unrealized holding gains and losses of the Company’s short-term investments by major security type were as follows (in thousands):
 
Amortized Cost
 
Aggregate Fair Value
 
Unrealized Holding Gains
 
Unrealized Holding Losses
U.S. government and agency securities
$
42,971

 
$
42,979

 
$
8

 
$



The amortized cost basis, aggregate fair value and gross unrealized holding gains and losses for the Company’s available-for-sale short-term investments, by major security type, were as follows as of December 31, 2011 (in thousands):
 
Amortized Cost
 
Aggregate Fair Value
 
Unrealized Holding Gains
 
Unrealized Holding Losses
U.S. government securities
$
45,997

 
$
45,999

 
$
3

 
$
1


Market values were determined for each individual security in the investment portfolio. Any decline in value of these investments is primarily related to changes in interest rates and is considered to be temporary in nature. The Company reviews its investments on a regular basis to evaluate whether or not any have experienced an other-than-temporary decline in fair value. The cost of securities sold is based on the specific identification method and realized gains and losses are included in Interest and other income (expense), net