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Note 1 - Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
Note 1 - Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies Disclosure  
Note 1 - Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies
NOTE 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Consolidation
 
The consolidated financial statements of Tri City Bankshares Corporation (the "Corporation") include the accounts of its wholly owned subsidiary, Tri City National Bank (the "Bank").  The Bank includes the accounts of its wholly owned subsidiaries, Tri City Capital Corporation, a Nevada investment subsidiary, and Title Service of Southeast Wisconsin, Inc., a title company subsidiary.  The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and conform to general practices within the banking industry. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in the consolidated financial statements.  The Corporation has evaluated the consolidated financial statements for subsequent events through the date of filing of this 10-K.

Nature of Banking Activities

The consolidated income of the Corporation is principally from the income of its wholly owned subsidiary.  The Bank grants commercial, residential and consumer loans and accepts deposits primarily in Southeastern Wisconsin.  The Corporation and the Bank are subject to competition from other financial institutions and nonfinancial institutions providing financial products.  Additionally, the Corporation and the Bank are subject to the regulations of certain regulatory agencies and undergo periodic examination by those regulatory agencies.

Use of Estimates

In preparing consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the balance sheet and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.  Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to the determination of the allowance for loan losses.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

For purposes of reporting cash flows, cash and cash equivalents include cash and balances due from banks and federal funds sold, all of which mature within ninety days.  The Bank maintains amounts due from banks which, at times, may exceed federally insured limits.  The Bank has not experienced any losses in such accounts.

Held to Maturity Securities

Securities classified as held to maturity are those securities the Bank has both the intent and ability to hold to maturity regardless of changes in market conditions, liquidity needs or changes in general economic conditions. Interest and dividends are included in interest income from the related securities as earned.  These securities are carried at cost, adjusted for amortization of premium and accretion of discount, computed by the effective interest method over their contractual lives. The sale of a security within three months of its maturity date or after collection of at least 85 percent of the principal outstanding at the time the security was acquired is considered a maturity for purposes of classification and disclosure.  Realized gains and losses are computed on a specific identification basis and declines in value determined to be other than temporary due to credit issues are included in gains (losses) on sale of securities.  In the event that a security is called, the Bank would expect to receive 100% of the principle.
 
 
Loans

Loans that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or payoff are reported at the amount of unpaid principal, reduced by an allowance for loan losses and any deferred fees or costs in originating loans.  Interest income is accrued and credited to income on a daily basis based on the unpaid principal balance.  Loan origination fees, net of certain direct loan origination costs, are deferred and recognized as an adjustment of the loan yield using an effective interest method.  The accrual of interest income on impaired loans is discontinued when, in the opinion of management, there is reasonable doubt as to the borrower's ability to meet payment of interest or principal when they become due.  When interest accrual is discontinued, all unpaid accrued interest is reversed.  Cash collections on impaired loans are credited to the loan receivable balance and no interest income is recognized on those loans until the principal balance is current.  Loans are returned to accrual status when the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured.  A troubled debt restructuring includes a loan modification where a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and the Bank grants a concession to that borrower that the Bank would not otherwise consider except for the borrower’s financial difficulties.  All troubled debt restructurings are classified as impaired loans.  Troubled debt restructurings may be on accrual or non-accrual status based upon the performance of the borrower and management’s assessment of collectability.  Loans deemed non-accrual may return to accrued status based on performance in accordance with terms of the restructuring.

Consistent with regulatory guidance, charge-offs are taken when specific loans, or portions thereof, are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as bankable assets is not warranted. The Bank’s policy is to promptly charge these loans off in the period the uncollectible loss amount is reasonably determined.  The Bank promptly charges-off commercial and real estate loans, or portions thereof, when available information confirms that specific loans are uncollectible based on information that includes, but is not limited to, (1) the deteriorating financial condition of the borrower, (2) declining collateral values, and/or (3) legal action, including bankruptcy, that impairs the borrower’s ability to adequately meet its obligations.  All consumer loans 120 days past due and all other loans with principal and interest 180 days or more past due will be reviewed for potential charge-off at least quarterly.
 
Loans Acquired Through Purchase

Loans acquired through the completion of a purchase, including loans that have evidence of deterioration of credit quality since origination and for which it is probable, at acquisition, that the Bank will be unable to collect all contractually- required payments receivable, are initially recorded at fair value with no valuation allowance. Loans are evaluated individually at the date of acquisition to determine if there is evidence of deterioration of credit quality since origination.  Loans where there is evidence of deterioration of credit quality since origination may be aggregated and accounted for as a pool of loans if the loans being aggregated have common risk characteristics.  Contractually-required payments for interest and principal that exceed the undiscounted cash flows expected at acquisition, or the “nonaccretable difference,” are not recognized as a yield adjustment, a loss accrual or a valuation allowance.  Subsequent decreases to the expected cash flows will generally result in a provision for loan losses. Subsequent increases in cash flows result in a reversal of the provision for loan losses to the extent of prior charges, or a reclassification of the difference from non-accretable discount to accretable discount with a positive impact on interest income. The difference between the undiscounted cash flows expected at acquisition and the investment in the loan, or the “accretable yield,” is recognized as interest income on a level-yield method over the life of the loan. Increases in expected cash flows subsequent to the initial investment are recognized prospectively through adjustment of the yield on the loan over its remaining life. Decreases in expected cash flows are recognized as provision for loan losses. If the Bank does not have the information necessary to reasonably estimate expected cash flows, it may use the cost recovery method or cash basis method of income recognition.  Valuation allowances on these impaired loans reflect only losses incurred after the acquisition (meaning the present value of all cash flows expected at acquisition that ultimately are not to be received).

Loans Held for Sale

Loans originated and intended for sale in the secondary market are carried at the lower of cost or estimated market value in the aggregate.  Net unrealized gains or losses are recognized through a valuation allowance by charges to income.  All sales are made without recourse.
 
 
Allowance for Loan Losses

The allowance for loan losses is a valuation allowance for probable and inherent losses incurred in the loan portfolio. Management maintains allowances for loan losses at levels that we believe to be adequate to absorb estimated probable credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio. The adequacy of the allowances is determined based on periodic evaluations of the loan portfolios and other relevant factors. The allowance is comprised of both a specific component and a general component. Even though the entire allowance is available to cover losses on any loan, specific allowances are provided on impaired loans pursuant to accounting standards. The general allowance is based on historical loss experience, adjusted for qualitative and environmental factors. Management reviews the assumptions and methodology related to the general allowance in an effort to update and refine the estimate on a quarterly basis.
 
In determining the general allowance management has segregated the loan portfolio by purpose. For each class of loan, we compute a historical loss factor. In determining the appropriate period of activity to use in computing the historical loss factor we look at trends in net charge-off ratios. It is management’s intention to utilize a period of activity that is most reflective of current experience. Changes in the historical period are made when there is a distinct change in the trend of net charge-off experience.  Management adjusts the historical loss factors for the impact of the following qualitative factors: asset quality, changes in volume and terms, policy changes, ability of management, economic trends, industry conditions, changes in credit concentrations and competitive/legal factors.  In determining the impact, if any, of an individual qualitative factor, management compares the current underlying facts and circumstances surrounding a particular factor with those in the historical periods, adjusting the historical loss factor in a directionally consistent manner with changes in the qualitative factor. Management separately evaluates both the Bank’s historical portfolio as well as Acquired loans that have renewed and are eligible to be considered as part of the general allowance.  Management will continue to analyze the qualitative factors on a quarterly basis, adjusting the historical loss factor both up and down, to a factor we believe is appropriate for the probable and inherent risk of loss in its portfolio.
 
Specific allowances are determined as a result of our impairment process. When a loan is identified as impaired it is evaluated for loss using either the fair value of collateral method or the present value of cash flows method. If the present value of expected cash flows or the fair value of collateral exceeds the Bank’s carrying value of the loan no loss is anticipated and no specific reserve is established. However, if the Bank’s carrying value of the loan is greater than the present value of expected cash flows or fair value of collateral a specific reserve is established. In either situation, loans identified as impaired are excluded from the calculation of the general reserve.

The allowance for loan losses is increased by provisions charged to earnings and reduced by charge-offs, net of recoveries. The adequacy of the allowance for loan losses is reviewed and approved by the Bank's Board of Directors on a quarterly basis. The allowance for loan losses reflects management's best estimate of the probable and inherent losses on loans and is based on a risk model developed and implemented by management and approved by the Bank's Board of Directors.

In addition, various regulatory agencies periodically review the allowance for loan losses.  These agencies may suggest additions to the allowance for loan losses based on their judgments of collectability based on information available to them at the time of their examination.

Transfers of Financial Assets

Transfers of financial assets are accounted for as sales when control over the assets has been surrendered.  Control over transferred assets is deemed to be surrendered when (1) the assets have been isolated from the Bank, (2) the transferee obtains the right (free of conditions that constrain it from taking advantage of that right) to pledge or exchange the transferred assets, and (3) the Bank does not maintain effective control over the transferred assets through an agreement to repurchase them before their maturity.

Mortgage Servicing Rights

The Bank records a mortgage servicing right asset (“MSR”) when it continues to service borrower payments and perform maintenance activities on loans in which the loan has been sold to secondary market investors.  The servicing rights are initially capitalized at fair value  on an individual loan level basis.  In the period in which the loan is sold to the secondary market investors, the gain on sale of the loan is increased by the value of the initial MSR.  Amortization of MSRs is calculated based on actual payment activity on a per loan basis.

Quarterly impairment testing is performed by the Bank to determine that MSRs are recorded as the lower of fair value or amortized cost.  Annually the Bank engages a third party specialist to calculate the fair value using significant inputs/assumptions such as prepayment speed, default rates, cost to service and discount rates.  A valuation allowance is recorded when the fair value of the MSRs is less than its amortized cost.
 
 
Premises and Equipment

Depreciable assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation.  Provisions for depreciation are computed on straight-line methods over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which range from 3 to 10 years for furniture and equipment and 15 to 40 years for buildings hold improvements.  Repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred.
 
Other Real Estate Owned

Other real estate owned (“OREO”) comprises real estate acquired in partial or full satisfaction of loans. OREO is recorded at the lower of carrying value or its estimated fair value less estimated selling costs at the date of transfer, with any excess of the related loan balance over the fair value less expected selling costs charged to the allowance for loan losses. Subsequently, properties are evaluated and any additional declines in value are recorded in current period earnings. The amount the Bank ultimately recovers on repossessed assets may differ substantially from the net carrying value of these assets because of future market factors beyond the Bank’s control.

Intangible Assets

The Bank’s intangible assets include the value of ongoing customer relationships (core deposit intangible) arising from the purchase of certain assets and the assumption of certain liabilities from unrelated entities.  Core deposit intangibles are amortized over an eight year period.  Any impairment in the intangibles would be recorded against income in the period of impairment.
 
Federal Reserve Bank Stock

The Bank’s investment in Federal Reserve Bank stock meets the minimum amount required by current regulations and is carried at cost, which approximates fair value.

Off-Balance Sheet Financial Instruments

In the ordinary course of business the Bank has entered into off-balance-sheet financial instruments consisting of commitments to extend credit, commercial letters of credit and standby letters of credit. Such financial instruments are recorded in the consolidated financial statements when they are funded or related fees are incurred or received.

Derivative Financial Instruments

The Bank utilizes derivative financial instruments to meet the ongoing credit needs of its customers and in order to manage the market exposure of its residential loans held for sale and its commitments to extend credit for residential loans. Derivative financial instruments include commitments to extend credit. The Bank does not use interest rate contracts (e.g. swaps, caps, floors) or other derivatives to manage interest rate risk and has none of these instruments outstanding at December 31, 2011 or 2010.

Advertising Costs
 
All advertising costs incurred by the Bank are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.

Income Taxes

The Corporation files a consolidated federal income tax return and combined state income tax returns.  Income tax expense is recorded based on the liability method.  Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed annually for differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in the future based on enacted tax laws and rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income.  As changes in tax laws or rates are enacted, deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted through the provision for income taxes.  The differences relate principally to the allowance for loan losses, mortgage servicing rights, deferred loan fees, and premises and equipment.  Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred income tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.  The Corporation also accounts for the uncertainty in income taxes related to the recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in an income tax return.  The Corporation follows the applicable accounting guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition related to the uncertainty in these income tax positions.  It is the Corporation’s policy to include interest and penalties in tax expense.
 
 
Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share is computed based upon the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each year.  The Corporation had no potentially dilutive shares outstanding during any of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2011.

Segment Reporting

The Corporation has determined that it has one reportable segment - community banking.  The Bank offers a range of financial products and services to external customers, including: accepting deposits and originating residential, consumer and commercial loans.  Revenues for each of these products and services are disclosed in the consolidated statements of income.

Employee Benefit Plan

The Bank has established a defined contribution 401(k) profit-sharing plan for qualified employees.  The Bank’s policy is to fund contributions as accrued.

Reclassifications

Certain 2010 and 2009 amounts have been reclassified to conform to the 2011 presentation.  The reclassifications have no effect on previously reported consolidated net income, basic earnings per share, and consolidated stockholders' equity.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements
 
In April 2011, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2011-02, Receivables (Topic 310): A Creditor’s Determination of Whether a Restructuring Is a Troubled Debt Restructuring.  The ASU will improve financial reporting by creating greater consistency in the way GAAP is applied for various types of debt restructurings.  The ASU clarifies which loan modifications constitute troubled debt restructurings.  It is intended to assist creditors in determining whether a modification of the terms of a receivable meets the criteria to be considered a troubled debt restructuring, both for purposes of recording an impairment loss and for disclosure of troubled debt restructurings.  The new guidance was effective for interim and annual periods beginning on or after June 15, 2011, and applies retrospectively to restructurings occurring on or after the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption.  The provisions of this guidance did not have a significant impact on our consolidated financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.

In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-03, Transfers and Servicing (Topic 860):   Reconsideration of Effective Control for Repurchase Agreements.  The ASU is intended to improve financial reporting of repurchase agreements (“repos”) and other agreements that both entitle and obligate a transferor to repurchase or redeem financial assets before their maturity.  The amendments to the codification in this ASU are intended to improve the accounting for these transactions by removing from the assessment of effective control the criterion requiring the transferor to have the ability to repurchase or redeem the financial assets.  The guidance in the ASU is effective for the first interim or annual period beginning on or after December 15, 2011.  The provisions of this guidance are not expected to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.

In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-04, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820):  Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRSs.  This ASU represents the converged guidance of the FASB and IASB (the Boards) on fair value measurement.  The collective efforts of the Boards and their staffs, reflected in ASU 2011-04, have resulted in common requirements for measuring fair value and for disclosing information about fair value measurements, including a consistent meaning of the term “fair value.”  The Boards have concluded the common requirements will result in greater comparability of fair value measurements presented and disclosed in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and IFRSs.  The amendments to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (Codification) in this ASU are to be applied prospectively.  For public entities, the amendments are effective during interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011.  Early application by public entities is not permitted.  The provisions of this guidance are not expected to have a significant impact on the consolidated financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.