RESTRUCTURING

On an ongoing basis, we review the global economy, the healthcare industry, and the markets in which we compete to identify opportunities for efficiencies, enhance commercial capabilities, align our resources and offer our customers better solutions. In order to realize these opportunities, we undertake restructuring-type activities to transform our business.

On November 1, 2017, we launched a Complexity Reduction Initiative (the "2018 Program"), a company-wide restructuring program designed to improve operational performance and reduce cost, freeing up resources to invest in accelerated growth. This program includes a reduction of headcount and operating costs which will enable a more streamlined organizational structure. We expect to incur aggregate charges between $50 million and $60 million associated with these actions, of which we expect $35 million to $40 million will consist of severance and other employee costs and the remainder will consist of other exit costs, primarily related to third party services. These charges, substantially all of which will result in cash outlays, will be incurred as the specific actions required to execute on these initiatives are identified and approved and are expected to continue through fiscal 2020.

During fiscal 2017, we launched a restructuring program (the "2017 Program") designed to reposition our organization and improve our cost structure. During the three and six months ended September 30, 2017, we incurred $5.2 million and $7.7 million, respectively, of restructuring and turnaround costs under this program. During the three and six months ended October 1, 2016, we incurred $1.1 million and $18.8 million, respectively, of restructuring and turnaround charges under this program. As of September 30, 2017, the 2017 Program was substantially complete.

The following summarizes the restructuring activity for the six months ended September 30, 2017:



(In thousands)	Severance and Other Employee Costs			Other Costs			Total Restructuring
Balance at April 1, 2017	$	7,001		$	467		$	7,468
Costs incurred, net of reversals	446			761			1,207
Payments	(3,872		)	(470		)	(4,342		)
Balance at September 30, 2017	$	3,575		$	758		$	4,333

Substantially all of the restructuring costs for the six months ended September 30, 2017 have been included as a component of selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. As of September 30, 2017, we had a restructuring liability of $4.3 million, of which approximately $3.9 million is payable within the next twelve months.

In addition to the restructuring costs included in the table above, during the three and six months ended September 30, 2017, we also incurred costs of $5.6 million and $7.1 million, respectively, that do not constitute restructuring under ASC 420, Exit and Disposal Cost Obligations, which we refer to as turnaround costs. These costs, substantially all of which have been included as a component of selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income, consist primarily of expenditures directly related to our restructuring initiative and include program management, implementation of the global strategic review initiatives and accelerated depreciation.

The tables below present restructuring and turnaround costs by reportable segment:



Restructuring costs	Three Months Ended					Six Months Ended
(in thousands)	September 30, 2017		October 1, 2016			September 30, 2017		October 1, 2016
Japan	$	2	$	(38	)	$	111	$	836
EMEA	15		(63		)	25		3,011
North America Plasma	—		(7		)	—		368
All Other	134		(246		)	1,071		11,817
Total	$	151	$	(354	)	$	1,207	$	16,032

Turnaround costs	Three Months Ended					Six Months Ended
(in thousands)	September 30, 2017		October 1, 2016			September 30, 2017		October 1, 2016
Japan	$	—	$	1		$	—	$	2
EMEA	20		55			26		81
North America Plasma	197		936			349		936
All Other	5,419		959			6,688		3,362
Total	$	5,636	$	1,951		$	7,063	$	4,381

Total restructuring and turnaround costs	$	5,787	$	1,597		$	8,270	$	20,413