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FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2011
FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS  
FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS
NOTE H - FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS
 
Convertible Notes
 
On June 1, 2011, the Company closed the offering of $120,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 3.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2016 which includes $20,000,000 in aggregate principal amount of the Notes issued in connection with the full exercise by the initial purchasers of their over-allotment option. The Notes were offered and sold only to qualified institutional buyers.  The net proceeds from the sale of the Notes were approximately $115,413,000, after deducting underwriting fees and other related expenses.
 
The Notes have a maturity date of June 1, 2016 and pay interest at an annual rate of 3.50% semiannually in arrears on June 1 and December 1 of each year, beginning on December 1, 2011.  The Notes are convertible into Akorn's common stock, cash or a combination thereof at an initial conversion price of $8.76 per share, which is equivalent to an initial conversion rate of approximately 114.1553 shares per $1,000 principal amount of Notes.
 
The Notes may be converted at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding December 1, 2015 only under the following circumstances:  (1) during any calendar quarter commencing after September 30, 2011, if the closing sale price of the Company's common stock, for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during the period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the calendar quarter immediately preceding the calendar quarter in which the conversion occurs, is more than 130% of the conversion price in effect on each applicable trading day; (2) during the five consecutive trading-day period following any five consecutive trading-day period in which the trading price for the Notes per $1,000 principal amount of Notes for each such trading day was less than 98% of the closing sale price of the Company's common stock on such date multiplied by the then-current conversion rate; or (3) upon the occurrence of specified corporate events.  On or after December 1, 2015 until the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the stated maturity date, holders may surrender all or any portion of their Notes for conversion at any time, regardless of the foregoing circumstances. Upon conversion, the Company will pay or deliver, at the Company's option, cash, shares of the Company's common stock, or a combination thereof.
 
The Notes are accounted for in accordance with ASC 470-20.  Under ASC 470-20, issuers of convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon conversion, including partial cash settlement, are required to separately account for the liability (debt) and equity (conversion option) components.
 
The application of ASC 470-20 resulted in the recognition of $21,383,000 as the value for the equity component.  At June 30, 2011, the net carrying amount of the liability component and the remaining unamortized debt discount were as follows (in thousands):

   
JUNE 1,
  
JUNE 30,
 
   
2011
  
2011
 
Carrying amount of equity component
 $21,383  $21,383 
Carrying amount of the liability component
  98,617   98,903 
Unamortized discount of the liability component
  21,383   21,097 
Unamortized deferred financing costs
  3,770   3,719 
 
The Company incurred debt issuance costs of $4,587,000 related to its issuance of the Notes.  In accordance with ASC 470-20, the Company allocated this debt issuance cost ratably between the liability and equity components of the Notes, resulting in $3,770,000 of debt issuance costs allocated to the liability component and $817,000 allocated to the equity component.  The $3,770,000 was classified as deferred financing costs and is being amortized using the effective interest method through the earlier of the maturity date of the Notes or the date of conversion, while the $817,000 was recorded as an offset to additional paid-in capital upon issuance of the Notes.
 
For the three months ended June 30, 2011, the Company recorded interest expense of $350,000 based on the 3.50% stated coupon rate on the convertible notes.  In addition, the Company recorded debt discount amortization expense of $286,000 and deferred financing cost amortization expense of $51,000 during the three months ended June 30, 2011.
 
Subordinated Note Payable
 
On July 28, 2008, the Company borrowed $5,000,000 from The John N. Kapoor Trust dated September 20, 1989 (the “Kapoor Trust”), the sole trustee and sole beneficiary of which is Dr. John N. Kapoor, the Company's Chairman of the Board of Directors and the holder of a significant stock position in the Company, in return for issuing the trust a Subordinated Promissory Note (“Subordinated Note”). The Subordinated Note accrued interest at a rate of 15% per year and was due and payable on July 28, 2009.
 
On August 17, 2009, the Company refinanced its $5,000,000 subordinated debt payable to the Kapoor Trust. The principal amount of $5,000,000 was increased to $5,853,267 to include accrued interest through August 16, 2009 (interest accruing thereafter is payable monthly) and the annual interest rate of 15% remained unchanged. The term of the Subordinated Note was extended by an additional five years and was due and payable on August 17, 2014. As part of this refinancing agreement, the Company issued the Kapoor Trust an additional 2,099,935 warrants to purchase the Company's common stock at an exercise price of $1.16 per share, the closing market price of the Company's stock on August 14, 2009.
 
On December 16, 2010, the Company voluntarily prepaid the principal of the Subordinated Note, along with a 10% early payment fee and all accrued interest.  The Company's total cash payment on December 16, 2010, including principal, accrued interest, and the early payment fee, was $6,475,176.  Upon completing this early payment, the Company expensed the remaining $1,176,000 unamortized balance of the $1,603,000 in deferred financing costs that it incurred when the Subordinated Note was refinanced.
 
Credit Facility

On January 7, 2009, the Company entered into a Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with General Electric Capital Corporation (“GE Capital”) as agent for several financial institutions (the “Lenders”) to replace its previous credit agreement with Bank of America which expired on January 1, 2009.  (As more fully discussed below, the Credit Agreement was subsequently assigned to EJ Funds, LP.)  Pursuant to the Credit Agreement, the Lenders agreed to extend loans to the Company under a revolving credit facility up to an aggregate principal amount of $25,000,000 (the “Credit Facility”). The Credit Facility was scheduled to terminate, and all amounts outstanding thereunder were to become due and payable, on January 7, 2013, or on an earlier date as specified in the Credit Agreement.  The Company elected to early terminate the Credit Agreement on June 17, 2011.
 
On February 19, 2009, GE Capital informed the Company that it was applying a reserve against availability which effectively restricted the Company's borrowings under the Credit Agreement to the balance outstanding as of February 19, 2009, which was $5,523,620. GE Capital advised that it had applied this reserve due to concerns about financial performance, including the Company's prospective compliance with certain covenants in the Credit Agreement for the quarter ended March 31, 2009.
 
On March 31, 2009, the Company consented to an Assignment Agreement (“Assignment”) between GE Capital and EJ Funds LP (“EJ Funds”) which transferred to EJ Funds all of GE Capital's rights and obligations under the Credit Agreement. Pursuant to the Assignment, EJ Funds became the agent and lender under the Credit Agreement. Accordingly, GE is no longer the Company's lender. Dr. Kapoor is the President of EJ Financial Enterprises, Inc., a healthcare consulting investment company (“EJ Financial”) and EJ Financial is the general partner of EJ Funds.
 
In connection with the Assignment, on April 13, 2009, the Company entered into a Modification, Warrant and Investor Rights Agreement (the “Modification Agreement”) with EJ Funds that, among other things, (i) reduced the revolving loan commitment under the Credit Agreement to $5,650,000, and (ii) set the interest rate for all amounts outstanding under the Credit Agreement at an annual rate of 10% with interest payable monthly.  The Modification Agreement also granted EJ Funds the right to require the Company to nominate two directors to serve on its Board of Directors. The Kapoor Trust is entitled to require the Company to nominate a third director under its Stock Purchase Agreement dated November 15, 1990 with the Kapoor Trust. In addition, the Company agreed to pay all accrued legal fees and other expenses of EJ Funds that relate to the Credit Agreement and other loan documents, including legal expenses incurred with respect to the Modification Agreement and the Assignment.
 
Pursuant to the Modification Agreement, on April 13, 2009, the Company granted EJ Funds a warrant (the “Modification Warrant”) to purchase 1,939,639 shares of its common stock at an exercise price of $1.11 per share, subject to certain adjustments. The Modification Warrant expires five years after its issuance and is exercisable upon payment of the exercise price in cash or by means of a cashless exercise yielding a net share figure.
 
On August 17, 2009, the Company completed negotiations with EJ Funds for additional capacity on its Credit Facility, increasing the loan commitment from $5,650,000 to $10,000,000. In consideration of this amendment, EJ Funds was granted a warrant to acquire 1,650,806 shares of the Company's common stock at $1.16 per share, the closing market price on August 14, 2009. The Credit Facility is secured by the assets of the Company and was not subject to debt covenants until April 1, 2010.
 
In connection with the August 17, 2009 agreement that increased the loan commitment under the Credit Facility, the Company issued to EJ Funds 1,650,806 warrants to purchase the Company's common stock at an exercise price of $1.16 per share, the closing market price of the Company's stock on August 14, 2009 (the “Restatement Warrants”). The estimated fair value of the Restatement Warrants, using a Black-Scholes valuation model, was $1,238,000 on date of grant.  This amount plus $7,000 in other associated costs was capitalized as financing costs and is being amortized over the remaining term of the Credit Facility.
 
The Restatement Warrants were revalued quarterly using the Black-Scholes pricing model, from issuance date until June 28, 2010, the date the Company entered into the Amended Agreement which removed net cash settlement as on option in the event that registration could not be obtained or maintained for any shares issued upon exercise of the warrants.  Upon entering into the Amended Agreement, the Company reclassified the fair value of the warrants from a current liability to a component of shareholders' equity.  The fair value of the Restatement Warrants increased from $1,684,000 at March 31, 2010 to $4,127,000 at June 28, 2010.  This $2,443,000 increase in fair value was recorded as a non-operating expense in the Company's condensed consolidated statement of operations for the quarter ended June 30, 2010.
 
On January 13, 2010, the parties entered into an amendment to the Credit Agreement which, among other things, reduced the number of financial covenants to two: (1) a limit on capital expenditures of $7,500,000 in 2010, $5,000,000 in 2011, and $5,000,000 in 2012 and (2) a requirement to have positive liquidity throughout the life of the Credit Agreement.  Positive liquidity is defined as the revolving line of credit borrowing base (up to $10,000,000) plus cash and cash equivalents less the outstanding principal on the revolving line of credit, the total of which must be greater than zero.  The capital expenditures limit allows that any unused portion from one year may be carried over and added to the next year's limit.
 
On January 27, 2011, EJ Funds and the Company signed a Waiver and Consent that waived the Company's obligation to comply with the capital expenditure limit for 2011.
 
On June 17, 2011, the Company elected to early terminate its $10,000,000 revolving Credit Agreement with EJ Funds.  The Company had not borrowed against the Credit Agreement since repaying its outstanding balance in the first quarter of 2010.  Upon terminating the Credit Agreement, the Company expensed $1,187,000 in remaining unamortized deferred financing costs related to the Credit Agreement. The Company incurred no fees or penalties related to its early termination of the Credit Agreement.