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Note 9 - Fair Value Measurements

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Notes to Financial Statements

Fair Value Disclosures [Text Block]

Note 9: Fair Value Measurements

The Company uses fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures. Debt securities available for sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, from time to time, the Company may be required to record at fair value other assets on a nonrecurring basis, such as other real estate owned, loans individually evaluated for credit loss, certain loans held for investment, debt securities held to maturity, and other assets. These nonrecurring fair value adjustments typically involve the lower-of-cost or fair-value accounting of individual assets.

In accordance with the Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure topic of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification, the Company bases its fair values on the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal market or most advantageous market for an asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date under current market conditions. A fair value measurement reflects all of the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, including assumptions about the risk inherent in a particular valuation technique, the effect of a restriction on the sale or use of an asset, and the risk of nonperformance.

The Company groups its assets and liabilities measured at fair value into a three-level hierarchy, based on the markets in which the assets and liabilities are traded and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value. When the valuation assumptions used to measure the fair value of the asset or liability are categorized within different levels of the fair value hierarchy, the asset or liability is categorized in its entirety within the lowest level of the hierarchy. These levels are:

Level 1 – Valuation is based upon quoted prices for identical instruments traded in active exchange markets, such as the New York Stock Exchange. Level 1 includes U.S. Treasury and equity securities, which are traded by dealers or brokers in active markets. Valuations are obtained from readily available pricing sources for market transactions involving identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 – Valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market. Level 2 includes mutual funds, federal agency securities, mortgage-backed securities, corporate securities, commercial paper, collateralized loan obligations, municipal bonds and securities of U.S government entities and U.S. government sponsored entities.

Level 3 – Valuation is generated from model-based techniques that use significant assumptions not observable in the market. These unobservable assumptions reflect the Company’s estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Valuation techniques include use of option pricing models, discounted cash flow models and similar techniques.

The Company relies on independent vendor pricing services to measure fair value for equity securities, debt securities available for sale and debt securities held to maturity. The Company employs three pricing services. To validate the pricing of these vendors, the Company compares vendors’ pricing for each of the securities for consistency; significant pricing differences, if any, are evaluated using all available independent quotes with the quote most closely reflecting the market generally used as the fair value estimate. In addition, the Company evaluates debt securities for credit losses on a quarterly basis. As with any valuation technique used to estimate fair value, changes in underlying assumptions used could significantly affect the results of current and future values. Accordingly, these fair value estimates may not be realized in an actual sale of the securities.

The Company regularly reviews the valuation techniques and assumptions used by its vendors and determines which valuation techniques are utilized based on observable market inputs for the type of securities being measured. The Company uses the information to determine the placement in the fair value hierarchy as level 1, 2 or 3.

Assets Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The tables below present assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis on the dates indicated.

		At September 30, 2023
		Fair Value				Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)				Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)				Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) ⁽¹⁾
		(In thousands)
Debt securities available for sale:
Agency residential MBS		$	239,728			$	-			$	239,728			$	-
Securities of U.S. Government sponsored entities			279,364				-				279,364				-
Obligations of states and political subdivisions			69,639				-				69,639				-
Corporate securities			1,814,424				-				1,814,424				-
Collateralized loan obligations			1,503,078				-				1,503,078				-
Total debt securities available for sale		$	3,906,233			$	-			$	3,906,233			$	-

⁽¹⁾There were no transfers in to or out of level 3 during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

		At December 31, 2022
		Fair Value				Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)				Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)				Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) ⁽¹⁾
		(In thousands)
Debt securities available for sale:
Agency residential MBS		$	286,048			$	-			$	286,048			$	-
Securities of U.S. Government sponsored entities			290,853				-				290,853				-
Obligations of states and political subdivisions			82,004				-				82,004				-
Corporate securities			2,099,955				-				2,099,955				-
Collateralized loan obligations			1,572,883				-				1,572,883				-
Total debt securities available for sale		$	4,331,743			$	-			$	4,331,743			$	-

⁽¹⁾There were no transfers in to or out of level 3 during the year ended December 31, 2022.

Assets Recorded at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

The Company may be required, from time to time, to measure certain assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in accordance with GAAP. These adjustments to fair value usually result from the application of lower-of-cost or fair-value accounting of individual assets. For assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis that were recorded in the balance sheet at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the following tables provide the level of valuation assumptions used to determine each adjustment and the carrying value of the related assets at period end.

																		For the Nine
																		Months Ended
		At September 30, 2023																September 30, 2023
		Carrying Value				Level 1				Level 2				Level 3				Total Losses
		(In thousands)
Loans:
Commercial real estate		$	110			$	-			$	-			$	110			$	-
Total assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis		$	110			$	-			$	-			$	110			$	-

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																		For the
																		Year Ended
		At December 31, 2022																December 31, 2022
		Carrying Value				Level 1				Level 2				Level 3				Total Losses
		(In thousands)
Loans:
Commercial real estate		$	225			$	-			$	-			$	225			$	-
Total assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis		$	225			$	-			$	-			$	225			$	-

Level 3 – Valuation is based upon present value of expected future cash flows, independent market prices, estimated liquidation values of loan collateral or appraised value of the collateral as determined by third-party independent appraisers, less 10% for selling costs, generally. The unobservable inputs and qualitative information about the unobservable inputs are not presented as the inputs were not developed by the Company.

Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The tables below are a summary of fair value estimates for financial instruments and the level of the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurements are categorized, excluding financial instruments recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. The values assigned do not necessarily represent amounts which ultimately may be realized for assets or paid to settle liabilities. In addition, these values do not give effect to adjustments to fair value which may occur when financial instruments are sold or settled in larger quantities. The carrying amounts in the following tables are recorded in the balance sheet under the indicated captions.

The Company has not included assets and liabilities that are not financial instruments such as goodwill, long-term relationships with deposit, merchant processing and trust customers, other purchased intangibles, premises and equipment, deferred taxes, and other assets and liabilities. The total estimated fair values do not represent, and should not be construed to represent, the underlying value of the Company.

		At September 30, 2023
		Carrying Amount				Estimated Fair Value				Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)				Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2 )				Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3 )
Financial Assets:		(In thousands)
Cash and due from banks		$	420,550			$	420,550			$	420,550			$	-			$	-
Debt securities held to maturity			888,856				818,395				-				818,395				-
Loans			868,106				851,354				-				-				851,354

Financial Liabilities:
Deposits		$	5,699,013			$	5,698,126			$	-			$	5,594,472			$	103,654
Short-term borrowed funds			115,341				115,341				-				115,341				-

		At December 31, 2022
		Carrying Amount				Estimated Fair Value				Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)				Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2 )				Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3 )
Financial Assets:		(In thousands)
Cash and due from banks		$	294,236			$	294,236			$	294,236			$	-			$	-
Debt securities held to maturity			915,913				873,511				-				873,511				-
Loans			938,204				905,720				-				-				905,720

Financial Liabilities:
Deposits		$	6,225,290			$	6,224,791			$	-			$	6,094,535			$	130,256
Short-term borrowed funds			57,792				57,792				-				57,792				-

The majority of the Company’s standby letters of credit and other commitments to extend credit carry current market interest rates if converted to loans. No premium or discount was ascribed to these commitments because virtually all funding would be at current market rates.

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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