Fair Value - Fair Value Option (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Fair Value, Option, Quantitative Disclosures [Line Items]
Mortgage loans held for investment, net of allowance for loan losses	$ 3,433	$ 3,645
Fair value of nonaccrual loans	$ 37	40
Serious delinquency, days past due	90 days
Fair value of loans that are 90 days or more past due	$ 36	48
Fannie Mae
Fair Value, Option, Quantitative Disclosures [Line Items]
Long-term debt:	884	1,161
Consolidated Trusts
Fair Value, Option, Quantitative Disclosures [Line Items]
Long-term debt:	15,172	16,260
Loans
Fair Value, Option, Quantitative Disclosures [Line Items]
Mortgage loans held for investment, net of allowance for loan losses	3,433	3,645
Loans, unpaid principal balance	3,625	3,835
Long-term debt: \| Fannie Mae
Fair Value, Option, Quantitative Disclosures [Line Items]
Long-term debt:	884	1,161
Long-term debt, unpaid principal balance	860	1,145
Long-term debt: \| Consolidated Trusts
Fair Value, Option, Quantitative Disclosures [Line Items]
Long-term debt:	15,172	16,260
Long-term debt, unpaid principal balance	$ 15,324	$ 16,311

Represents principal amount outstanding of loans held for investment.

No definition available.

Name:	fnm_PrincipalAmountOutstandingOfLoansHeldForInvestment
Namespace Prefix:	fnm_
Data Type:	xbrli:monetaryItemType
Balance Type:	debit
Period Type:	instant

- Definition

Represents the number of days past due required for a loan to be considered seriously delinquent.

+ References

No definition available.

+ Details

Name:	fnm_SeriousDelinquencyDayspastdue1
Namespace Prefix:	fnm_
Data Type:	xbrli:durationItemType
Balance Type:	na
Period Type:	duration

- Definition

Amount, before unamortized (discount) premium and debt issuance costs, of long-term debt. Includes, but is not limited to, notes payable, bonds payable, commercial loans, mortgage loans, convertible debt, subordinated debt and other types of debt.

+ References

Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(22))
-SubTopic 10
-Topic 210
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1

Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Topic 942
-SubTopic 210
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(16))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479853/942-210-S99-1

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 4
-Subparagraph (b)(1)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-4

+ Details

Name:	us-gaap_DebtInstrumentCarryingAmount
Namespace Prefix:	us-gaap_
Data Type:	xbrli:monetaryItemType
Balance Type:	credit
Period Type:	instant

- Definition

This item represents the aggregate fair value of loans held as assets that are 90 days or more past due for which the fair value option has been elected.

+ References

Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 825
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 28
-Subparagraph (e)(1)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28

+ Details

Name:	us-gaap_FairValueOptionLoansHeldAsAssets90DaysOrMorePastDue
Namespace Prefix:	us-gaap_
Data Type:	xbrli:monetaryItemType
Balance Type:	debit
Period Type:	instant

- Definition

This item represents the aggregate fair value of loans held as assets that are in nonaccrual status for which the fair value option has been elected, if the entity's policy is to recognize interest income separately from other changes in fair value.

+ References

Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 825
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 28
-Subparagraph (e)(2)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28

+ Details

Name:	us-gaap_FairValueOptionLoansHeldAsAssetsAggregateAmountInNonaccrualStatus
Namespace Prefix:	us-gaap_
Data Type:	xbrli:monetaryItemType
Balance Type:	debit
Period Type:	instant

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 825
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 30
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-30

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 825
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 31
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-31

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 825
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-32

+ Details

Name:	us-gaap_FairValueOptionQuantitativeDisclosuresLineItems
Namespace Prefix:	us-gaap_
Data Type:	xbrli:stringItemType
Balance Type:	na
Period Type:	duration

- Definition

Fair value portion of loan receivable, including, but not limited to, mortgage loans held for investment, finance receivables held for investment, policy loans on insurance contracts.

+ References

Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 310
-SubTopic 10
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//310-10/tableOfContent

+ Details

Name:	us-gaap_LoansReceivableFairValueDisclosure
Namespace Prefix:	us-gaap_
Data Type:	xbrli:monetaryItemType
Balance Type:	debit
Period Type:	instant

- Definition

The fair value amount of long-term debt whether such amount is presented as a separate caption or as a parenthetical disclosure. Additionally, this element may be used in connection with the fair value disclosures required in the footnote disclosures to the financial statements. The element may be used in both the balance sheet and disclosure in the same submission.

+ References

No definition available.

+ Details

Name:	us-gaap_LongTermDebtFairValue
Namespace Prefix:	us-gaap_
Data Type:	xbrli:monetaryItemType
Balance Type:	credit
Period Type:	instant

- Details

Name:	srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis=srt_ParentCompanyMember
Namespace Prefix:
Data Type:	na
Balance Type:
Period Type:

- Details

Name:	srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis=us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember
Namespace Prefix:
Data Type:	na
Balance Type:
Period Type:

- Details

Name:	us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis=us-gaap_LoansReceivableMember
Namespace Prefix:
Data Type:	na
Balance Type:
Period Type:

- Details

Name:	us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis=us-gaap_LongTermDebtMember
Namespace Prefix:
Data Type:	na
Balance Type:
Period Type: