Commitments and Contingencies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

We are party to various types of legal actions and proceedings, including actions brought on behalf of various classes of claimants. We also are subject to regulatory examinations, inquiries and investigations, and other information gathering requests. In some of the matters, indeterminate amounts are sought. Modern pleading practice in the U.S. permits considerable variation in the assertion of monetary damages or other relief. Jurisdictions may permit claimants not to specify the monetary damages sought or may permit claimants to state only that the amount sought is sufficient to invoke the jurisdiction of the trial court. This variability in pleadings, together with our and our counsel’s actual experience in litigating or settling claims, leads us to conclude that the monetary relief that may be sought by plaintiffs bears little relevance to the merits or disposition value of claims.

We have substantial and valid defenses to the claims in the proceedings described below and intend to defend these matters vigorously. However, legal actions and proceedings of all types are subject to many uncertain factors that generally cannot be predicted with assurance. Accordingly, the outcome of any given matter and the amount or range of potential loss at particular points in time is frequently difficult to ascertain. Uncertainties can include how fact finders will evaluate documentary evidence and the credibility and effectiveness of witness testimony, and how the court will apply the law. Disposition valuations are also subject to the uncertainty of how opposing parties and their counsel may view the evidence and applicable law.

On a quarterly basis, we review relevant information about all pending legal actions and proceedings for the purpose of evaluating and revising our contingencies, accruals and disclosures. We establish an accrual only for matters when the likelihood of a loss is probable and we can reasonably estimate the amount of such loss. We are often unable to estimate the possible losses or ranges of losses, particularly for proceedings that are in their early stages of development, where plaintiffs seek indeterminate or unspecified damages, where there may be novel or unsettled legal questions relevant to the proceedings, or where settlement negotiations have not occurred or progressed. Given the uncertainties involved in any action or proceeding, regardless of whether we have established an accrual, the ultimate resolution of certain of these matters may be material to our operating results for a particular period, depending on, among other factors, the size of the loss or liability imposed and the level of our net income or loss for that period.

In addition to the matters specifically described below, we are involved in a number of legal and regulatory proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business that we do not expect will have a material impact on our business or financial condition.

Senior Preferred Stock Purchase Agreements Litigation

A consolidated class action (“In re Fannie Mae/Freddie Mac Senior Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement Class Action Litigations”) and a non-class action lawsuit, Fairholme Funds v. FHFA, filed by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac shareholders against us, FHFA as our conservator, and Freddie Mac are pending in the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia. The lawsuits challenge the August 2012 amendment to each company’s senior preferred stock purchase agreement with Treasury.

Plaintiffs in these lawsuits allege that the net worth sweep dividend provisions of the senior preferred stock that were implemented pursuant to the August 2012 amendments nullified certain of the shareholders’ rights and caused them harm. Plaintiffs in the class action represent a class of Fannie Mae preferred shareholders and classes of Freddie Mac common and preferred shareholders. On September 23, 2022, the court issued a summary judgment ruling that permitted the plaintiffs in these lawsuits to present to a jury their claims for breach of the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing. The cases were consolidated for trial and the trial was conducted from October 17, 2022 to November 1, 2022. The jury was not able to reach a verdict and the judge declared a mistrial on November 7, 2022. A new trial is scheduled to begin on July 24, 2023.

In the trial, plaintiffs requested $779 million in damages from Fannie Mae and prejudgment interest on the amount of any damages. We estimate that prejudgment interest, if awarded in the new trial, would be calculated at a rate of 5.75% and expect plaintiffs to seek such interest from August 17, 2012. Prejudgment interest calculated from August 17, 2012 through December 31, 2022 based on the amount of damages plaintiffs requested would be approximately $460 million. The ultimate amount of prejudgment interest awarded, if any, would be impacted by the amount of damages awarded, the date from and through which interest is calculated, and other determinations by the court. At this time, we do not believe the likelihood of loss is probable; therefore, we have not established an accrual in connection with these lawsuits. However, it is reasonably possible that the plaintiffs could ultimately prevail in this matter and, if so, we may incur a loss up to the amount of damages discussed above and any related interest.

Unconditional Purchase and Lease Commitments

We have unconditional commitments related to the purchase of loans and mortgage-related securities. These include both on- and off-balance sheet commitments. A portion of these have been recorded as derivatives in our consolidated balance sheets.

We lease certain premises and equipment under agreements that expire at various dates through August 31, 2037. Some of these leases provide for payment by the lessee of property taxes, insurance premiums, cost of maintenance and other costs. Rent expenses for operating leases were $101 million, $108 million and $94 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

The following table summarizes by remaining maturity, non-cancelable future commitments related to loan and mortgage purchases, operating leases and other agreements.


	As of December 31, 2022
	Loans and Mortgage-Related Securities(1)		Operating Leases(2)		Other(3)
	(Dollars in millions)
2023	$	21,117	$	79	$	193
2024	—		80		49
2025	—		82		19
2026	—		83		7
2027	—		84		1
Thereafter	—		657		—
Total	$	21,117	$	1,065	$	269

(1)Primarily includes mortgage commitment derivatives.

(2)Includes amounts related to office buildings and equipment leases.

(3)Includes purchase commitments for certain telecommunications services, computer software and services, and other agreements and commitments.