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Segment Reporting (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Total assets by segment [Table Text Block] The following table displays total assets by segment.
 
 
As of December 31,
 
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
 
 
(Dollars in millions)
Single-Family
 
$
3,099,588

 
$
3,057,904

 
$
3,029,727

Multifamily
 
318,730

 
287,625

 
258,241

Total assets
 
$
3,418,318

 
$
3,345,529

 
$
3,287,968
Segment results [Table Text Block] The following tables display our segment results.
 
 
For the Year Ended December 31, 2018
 
 
Single-Family
 
 
Multifamily
 
 
Total
 
 
(Dollars in millions)
Net interest income(1)
 
$
18,162

 
 
$
2,789

 
 
$
20,951

Fee and other income(2)
 
450

 
 
529

 
 
979

Net revenues
 
18,612

 
 
3,318

 
 
21,930

Investment gains, net(3)
 
850

 
 
102

 
 
952

Fair value gains (losses), net(4)
 
1,210

 
 
(89
)
 
 
1,121

Administrative expenses
 
(2,631
)
 
 
(428
)
 
 
(3,059
)
Credit-related income (expense):(5)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Benefit (provision) for credit losses
 
3,313

 
 
(4
)
 
 
3,309

Foreclosed property expense
 
(604
)
 
 
(13
)
 
 
(617
)
Total credit-related income (expense)
 
2,709

 
 
(17
)
 
 
2,692

TCCA fees(6)
 
(2,284
)
 
 
—

 
 
(2,284
)
Other expenses, net
 
(1,012
)
 
 
(241
)
 
 
(1,253
)
Income before federal income taxes
 
17,454

 
 
2,645

 
 
20,099

Provision for federal income taxes
 
(3,708
)
 
 
(432
)
 
 
(4,140
)
Net income
 
$
13,746

 
 
$
2,213

 
 
$
15,959


 
 
For the Year Ended December 31, 2017
 
 
Single-Family
 
 
Multifamily
 
 
Total
 
 
(Dollars in millions)
Net interest income(1)
 
$
18,212

 
 
$
2,521

 
 
$
20,733

Fee and other income(2)
 
1,378

 
 
849

 
 
2,227

Net revenues
 
19,590

 
 
3,370

 
 
22,960

Investment gains, net(3)
 
1,352

 
 
170

 
 
1,522

Fair value losses, net(4)
 
(1,188
)
 
 
(23
)
 
 
(1,211
)
Administrative expenses
 
(2,391
)
 
 
(346
)
 
 
(2,737
)
Credit-related income (expense):(5)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Benefit (provision) for credit losses
 
2,090

 
 
(49
)
 
 
2,041

Foreclosed property income (expense)
 
(540
)
 
 
19

 
 
(521
)
Total credit-related income (expense)
 
1,550

 
 
(30
)
 
 
1,520

TCCA fees(6)
 
(2,096
)
 
 
—

 
 
(2,096
)
Other expenses, net
 
(1,004
)
 
 
(507
)
 
 
(1,511
)
Income before federal income taxes
 
15,813

 
 
2,634

 
 
18,447

Provision for federal income taxes
 
(14,301
)
 
 
(1,683
)
 
 
(15,984
)
Net income
 
$
1,512

 
 
$
951

 
 
$
2,463

 
 
For the Year Ended December 31, 2016
 
 
Single-Family
 
 
Multifamily
 
 
Total
 
 
(Dollars in millions)
Net interest income(1)
 
$
19,010

 
 
$
2,285

 
 
$
21,295

Fee and other income(2)
 
521

 
 
445

 
 
966

Net revenues
 
19,531

 
 
2,730

 
 
22,261

Investment gains, net(3)
 
944

 
 
312

 
 
1,256

Fair value losses, net(4)
 
(1,040
)
 
 
(41
)
 
 
(1,081
)
Administrative expenses
 
(2,418
)
 
 
(323
)
 
 
(2,741
)
Credit-related income:(5)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Benefit for credit losses
 
2,092

 
 
63

 
 
2,155

Foreclosed property income (expense)
 
(653
)
 
 
9

 
 
(644
)
Total credit-related income
 
1,439

 
 
72

 
 
1,511

TCCA fees(6)
 
(1,845
)
 
 
—

 
 
(1,845
)
Other expenses, net
 
(1,012
)
 
 
(16
)
 
 
(1,028
)
Income before federal income taxes
 
15,599

 
 
2,734

 
 
18,333

Provision for federal income taxes
 
(5,417
)
 
 
(603
)
 
 
(6,020
)
Net income
 
$
10,182

 
 
$
2,131

 
 
$
12,313

(1) 
Net interest income primarily consists of guaranty fees received as compensation for assuming and managing the credit risk on loans underlying Fannie Mae MBS held by third parties for the respective business segment, and the difference between the interest income earned on the respective business segment’s mortgage assets in our retained mortgage portfolio and the interest expense associated with the debt funding those assets. Revenues from single-family guaranty fees include revenues generated by the 10 basis point increase in guaranty fees pursuant to the TCCA, the incremental revenue for which is remitted to Treasury and not retained by us.
(2) 
Single-Family fee and other income primarily consists of compensation for engaging in structured transactions and providing other lender services, and income resulting from settlement agreements resolving certain claims relating to private-label securities we purchased or that we have guaranteed. Multifamily fee and other income consists of fees associated with multifamily business activities, including yield maintenance income.
(3) 
Investment gains and losses primarily consists of gains and losses on the sale of mortgage assets for the respective business segment.
(4) 
Single-Family fair value gains and losses primarily consist of fair value gains and losses on risk management and mortgage commitment derivatives, trading securities and other financial instruments associated with our single-family total book of business. Multifamily fair value gains and losses primarily consist of fair value gains and losses on MBS commitment derivatives, trading securities and other financial instruments associated with our multifamily total book of business.
(5) 
Credit-related income or expense is based on the guaranty book of business of the respective business segment and consists of the applicable segment’s benefit or provision for credit losses and foreclosed property expense on loans underlying the segment’s guaranty book of business.
(6) 
Consists of the portion of our single-family guaranty fees that is remitted to Treasury pursuant to the TCCA.