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Equity Changes in AOCI (Details) (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2014
Dec. 31, 2013
Dec. 31, 2012
Increase (Decrease) in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Roll Forward]      
Beginning balance $ 1,203us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax $ 384us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax  
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications 759us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTax 1,099us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTax  
Amounts reclassified from other comprehensive income (229)us-gaap_ReclassificationFromAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeCurrentPeriodNetOfTax (280)us-gaap_ReclassificationFromAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeCurrentPeriodNetOfTax  
Total other comprehensive income 530us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax 819us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax 1,619us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
Ending balance 1,733us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax 1,203us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax 384us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
Accumulated Net Unrealized Investment Gain (Loss) [Member]      
Increase (Decrease) in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Roll Forward]      
Beginning balance 1,627us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
/ us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis
= us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember
934us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
/ us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis
= us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember
 
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications 722us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTax
/ us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis
= us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember
983us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTax
/ us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis
= us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember
 
Amounts reclassified from other comprehensive income (228)us-gaap_ReclassificationFromAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeCurrentPeriodNetOfTax
/ us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis
= us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember
(290)us-gaap_ReclassificationFromAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeCurrentPeriodNetOfTax
/ us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis
= us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember
 
Total other comprehensive income 494us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
/ us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis
= us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember
693us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
/ us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis
= us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember
 
Ending balance 2,121us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
/ us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis
= us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember
1,627us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
/ us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis
= us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember
 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Other [Member]      
Increase (Decrease) in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Roll Forward]      
Beginning balance (424)us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
/ us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis
= fnm_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossOtherMember
(550)us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
/ us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis
= fnm_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossOtherMember
 
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications 37us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTax
/ us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis
= fnm_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossOtherMember
116us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTax
/ us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis
= fnm_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossOtherMember
 
Amounts reclassified from other comprehensive income (1)us-gaap_ReclassificationFromAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeCurrentPeriodNetOfTax
/ us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis
= fnm_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossOtherMember
10us-gaap_ReclassificationFromAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeCurrentPeriodNetOfTax
/ us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis
= fnm_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossOtherMember
 
Total other comprehensive income 36us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
/ us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis
= fnm_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossOtherMember
126us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
/ us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis
= fnm_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossOtherMember
 
Ending balance $ (388)us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
/ us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis
= fnm_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossOtherMember
$ (424)us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
/ us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis
= fnm_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossOtherMember