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Segment Reporting Segment Reporting(Details) (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2013
Mar. 31, 2012
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]    
Net interest (loss) income $ 6,304 $ 5,197
Benefit (provision) for credit losses 957 (2,000)
Net interest income (loss) after benefit (provision) for credit losses 7,261 3,197
Guaranty fee income (expense) 54 [1] 62 [1]
Investment gains (losses), net 118 116
Net other-than-temporary impairments (9) (64)
Fair value gains (losses), net 834 283
Debt extinguishment (losses) gains, net (23) (34)
Gains (losses) from partnership investments 59 [2] 10 [2]
Fee and other income (expense) 514 313
Administrative expenses (641) (564)
Foreclosed property income (expense) 260 (339)
Other (expenses) income (313) (262)
Income (loss) before federal income taxes 8,114 2,718
Benefit (provision) for federal income taxes 50,571 [3] 0
Net income (loss) 58,685 2,718
Less: Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interest 0 1
Net (loss) income attributable to Fannie Mae 58,685 2,719
Single-Family [Member]
   
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]    
Net interest (loss) income 520 (379)
Benefit (provision) for credit losses 781 (2,053)
Net interest income (loss) after benefit (provision) for credit losses 1,301 (2,432)
Guaranty fee income (expense) 2,375 1,911
Investment gains (losses), net 2 1
Net other-than-temporary impairments 0 0
Fair value gains (losses), net (2) (1)
Debt extinguishment (losses) gains, net 0 0
Gains (losses) from partnership investments 0 0
Fee and other income (expense) 172 200
Administrative expenses (426) (380)
Foreclosed property income (expense) 253 (332)
Other (expenses) income (354) (235)
Income (loss) before federal income taxes 3,321  
Benefit (provision) for federal income taxes 31,578 [3]  
Net income (loss)   (1,268)
Less: Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interest   0
Net (loss) income attributable to Fannie Mae 34,899 (1,268)
Multifamily [Member]
   
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]    
Net interest (loss) income (11) (7)
Benefit (provision) for credit losses 176 53
Net interest income (loss) after benefit (provision) for credit losses 165 46
Guaranty fee income (expense) 291 243
Investment gains (losses), net 7 6
Net other-than-temporary impairments 0 0
Fair value gains (losses), net 0 0
Debt extinguishment (losses) gains, net 0 0
Gains (losses) from partnership investments 59 11
Fee and other income (expense) 51 47
Administrative expenses (70) (64)
Foreclosed property income (expense) 7 (7)
Other (expenses) income 1 (3)
Income (loss) before federal income taxes 511  
Benefit (provision) for federal income taxes 7,988 [3]  
Net income (loss)   279
Less: Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interest   0
Net (loss) income attributable to Fannie Mae 8,499 279
Capital Markets [Member]
   
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]    
Net interest (loss) income 2,742 3,541
Benefit (provision) for credit losses 0 0
Net interest income (loss) after benefit (provision) for credit losses 2,742 3,541
Guaranty fee income (expense) (299) (332)
Investment gains (losses), net 1,349 1,007
Net other-than-temporary impairments (9) (64)
Fair value gains (losses), net 875 170
Debt extinguishment (losses) gains, net (40) (70)
Gains (losses) from partnership investments 0 0
Fee and other income (expense) 349 180
Administrative expenses (145) (120)
Foreclosed property income (expense) 0 0
Other (expenses) income 58 (8)
Income (loss) before federal income taxes 4,880  
Benefit (provision) for federal income taxes 11,005 [3]  
Net income (loss)   4,304
Less: Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interest   0
Net (loss) income attributable to Fannie Mae 15,885 4,304
Consolidated Trusts [Member]
   
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]    
Net interest (loss) income 2,597 [4] 1,569 [4]
Benefit (provision) for credit losses 0 [4] 0 [4]
Net interest income (loss) after benefit (provision) for credit losses 2,597 [4] 1,569 [4]
Guaranty fee income (expense) (1,204) [1],[4] (1,159) [1],[4]
Investment gains (losses), net (67) [4] 27 [4]
Net other-than-temporary impairments 0 [4] 0 [4]
Fair value gains (losses), net (204) [4] 52 [4]
Debt extinguishment (losses) gains, net 17 [4] 36 [4]
Gains (losses) from partnership investments 0 [4] 0 [4]
Fee and other income (expense) (84) [4] (108) [4]
Administrative expenses 0 [4] 0 [4]
Foreclosed property income (expense) 0 [4] 0 [4]
Other (expenses) income 0 [4] 0 [4]
Income (loss) before federal income taxes 1,055 [4]  
Benefit (provision) for federal income taxes 0 [3],[4]  
Net income (loss)   417 [4]
Less: Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interest   0 [4]
Net (loss) income attributable to Fannie Mae 1,055 [4] 417 [4]
Eliminations/Adjustments [Member]
   
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]    
Net interest (loss) income 456 [5],[6] 473 [5],[6]
Benefit (provision) for credit losses 0 [5] 0 [5]
Net interest income (loss) after benefit (provision) for credit losses 456 [5] 473 [5]
Guaranty fee income (expense) (1,109) [1],[5] (601) [1],[5]
Investment gains (losses), net (1,173) [5],[7] (925) [5],[7]
Net other-than-temporary impairments 0 [5] 0 [5]
Fair value gains (losses), net 165 [5],[8] 62 [5],[8]
Debt extinguishment (losses) gains, net 0 [5] 0 [5]
Gains (losses) from partnership investments 0 [5] (1) [5]
Fee and other income (expense) 26 [5] (6) [5]
Administrative expenses 0 [5] 0 [5]
Foreclosed property income (expense) 0 [5] 0 [5]
Other (expenses) income (18) [5] (16) [5]
Income (loss) before federal income taxes (1,653) [5]  
Benefit (provision) for federal income taxes 0 [3],[5]  
Net income (loss)   (1,014) [5]
Less: Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interest   1 [5],[9]
Net (loss) income attributable to Fannie Mae $ (1,653) [5] $ (1,013) [5]
[1] Represents the guaranty fees paid from consolidated trusts to the Single-Family and Multifamily segments. The adjustment to guaranty fee income in the Eliminations/Adjustments column represents the elimination of the amortization of deferred cash fees related to consolidated trusts that were re-established for segment reporting. Total guaranty fee income is included in fee and other income in our condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.
[2] Gains from partnership investments are included in other expenses in our condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.
[3] Represents the release of the valuation allowance for our deferred tax assets that primarily are directly attributable to each segment based on the nature of the item.
[4] Represents activity related to the assets and liabilities of consolidated trusts in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
[5] Represents the elimination of intercompany transactions occurring between the three business segments and our consolidated trusts, as well as other adjustments to reconcile to our consolidated results.
[6] Represents the amortization expense of cost basis adjustments on securities that we own in our retained mortgage portfolio that on a GAAP basis are eliminated.
[7] Primarily represents the removal of realized gains and losses on sales of Fannie Mae MBS classified as available-for-sale securities that are issued by consolidated trusts and retained in the Capital Markets group’s mortgage portfolio. The adjustment also includes the removal of securitization gains (losses) recognized in the Capital Markets segment relating to portfolio securitization transactions that do not qualify for sale accounting under GAAP.
[8] Represents the removal of fair value adjustments on consolidated Fannie Mae MBS classified as trading that are retained in the Capital Markets group’s mortgage portfolio.
[9] Represents the adjustment from equity method accounting to consolidation accounting for partnership investments that are consolidated in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.