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Short-Term Borrowings and Long-Term Debt Short-term Debt (Details) (USD $)
Jun. 30, 2012
Dec. 31, 2011
Short-term Borrowings [Line Items]    
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase $ 153,000,000 [1] $ 0 [1]
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase, Weighted-average interest rate 0.00% [1],[2] 0.00% [1],[2]
Short-term debt 96,814,000,000 151,725,000,000
Short-term debt, Weighted-average Interest Rate 0.15% [2] 0.13% [2]
Line of credit amount outstanding 0  
Secured Uncommitted Line of Credit [Member]
   
Short-term Borrowings [Line Items]    
Line of credit maximum borrowing capacity 25,000,000,000 25,000,000,000
Unsecured Uncommitted Line of Credit [Member]
   
Short-term Borrowings [Line Items]    
Line of credit maximum borrowing capacity 500,000,000 500,000,000
Fannie Mae [Member]
   
Short-term Borrowings [Line Items]    
Short-term debt 92,906,000,000 146,752,000,000
Short-term debt, Weighted-average Interest Rate 0.15% [2] 0.13% [2]
Fannie Mae [Member] | Fixed-Rate Discount Notes [Member]
   
Short-term Borrowings [Line Items]    
Short-term debt 92,424,000,000 [3] 146,301,000,000 [3]
Short-term debt, Weighted-average Interest Rate 0.14% [2],[3] 0.13% [2],[3]
Fannie Mae [Member] | Fixed-Rate Foreign Exchange Discount Notes [Member]
   
Short-term Borrowings [Line Items]    
Short-term debt 482,000,000 [4] 371,000,000 [4]
Short-term debt, Weighted-average Interest Rate 1.91% [2],[4] 1.88% [2],[4]
Fannie Mae [Member] | Fixed-Rate Other Debt [Member]
   
Short-term Borrowings [Line Items]    
Short-term debt 0 [5] 80,000,000 [5]
Short-term debt, Weighted-average Interest Rate 0.00% [2],[5] 0.04% [2],[5]
Consolidated Trusts [Member]
   
Short-term Borrowings [Line Items]    
Short-term debt $ 3,908,000,000 $ 4,973,000,000
Short-term debt, Weighted-average Interest Rate 0.17% [2] 0.09% [2]
Minimum [Member] | Fannie Mae [Member] | Fixed-Rate Discount Notes [Member]
   
Short-term Borrowings [Line Items]    
Short-term debt instrument maturity 0 days [3] 0 days [3]
Minimum [Member] | Fannie Mae [Member] | Fixed-Rate Foreign Exchange Discount Notes [Member]
   
Short-term Borrowings [Line Items]    
Short-term debt instrument maturity 5 days [4] 5 days [4]
Maximum [Member] | Fannie Mae [Member] | Fixed-Rate Discount Notes [Member]
   
Short-term Borrowings [Line Items]    
Short-term debt instrument maturity 360 days [3] 360 days [3]
Maximum [Member] | Fannie Mae [Member] | Fixed-Rate Foreign Exchange Discount Notes [Member]
   
Short-term Borrowings [Line Items]    
Short-term debt instrument maturity 360 days [4] 360 days [4]
[1] Represents agreements to repurchase securities for a specified price, with repayment generally occurring on the following day.
[2] Includes the effects of discounts, premiums, and other cost basis adjustments.
[3] Represents unsecured general obligations with maturities ranging from overnight to 360 days from the date of issuance.
[4] Represents foreign exchange discount notes we issue in the Euro commercial paper market with maturities ranging from 5 to 360 days which enable investors to hold short-term investments in different currencies. We do not incur foreign exchange risk on these transactions, as we simultaneously enter into foreign currency swaps that have the effect of converting debt that we issue in foreign denominated currencies into U.S. dollars.
[5] Includes foreign exchange discount notes denominated in U.S. dollars.