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Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]  
Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost
The net periodic benefit cost (credit) for pension and other postretirement benefit plans consisted of the following components:
Pension Benefits
U.S.InternationalOther Postretirement Benefits
Years Ended December 31202420232022202420232022202420232022
Service cost$373 $326 $372 $243 $196 $283 $30 $32 $48 
Interest cost537 526 457 294 299 145 56 63 46 
Expected return on plan assets(826)(735)(753)(554)(517)(383)(80)(64)(86)
Amortization of unrecognized prior service (credit) cost
— (1)(32)(13)2 (14)(43)(49)(57)
Net loss (gain) amortization43 — 128 5 (3)96 (51)(42)(43)
Termination benefits5 3 2 1 — 1 4 — — 
Curtailments— 8 12 — (1)— — (1)(1)
Settlements— 28 239 (1)(5)1 — — — 
Net periodic benefit cost (credit)$132 $155 $425 $(25)$(29)$129 $(84)$(61)$(93)
Obligation and Funded Status
Summarized information about the changes in plan assets and benefit obligations, the funded status and the amounts recorded at December 31 is as follows:

Pension BenefitsOther
Postretirement
Benefits
U.S.International
202420232024202320242023
Fair value of plan assets January 1$9,804 $9,094 $9,562 $8,473 $1,045 $947 
Actual return on plan assets266 1,077 637 832 35 115 
Company contributions262 307 198 249 46 74 
Effects of exchange rate changes— — (522)283 — — 
Benefits paid(615)(497)(250)(256)(89)(95)
Settlements— (177)(14)(53)— (2)
Other— — 36 34 3 6 
Fair value of plan assets December 31$9,717 $9,804 $9,647 $9,562 $1,040 $1,045 
Benefit obligation January 1$10,446 $9,854 $9,042 $7,755 $1,104 $1,157 
Service cost373 326 243 196 30 32 
Interest cost537 526 294 299 56 63 
Actuarial (gains) losses (1)
(595)403 (549)766 32 (58)
Benefits paid(615)(497)(250)(256)(89)(95)
Effects of exchange rate changes— — (473)288 (4)1 
Plan amendments— — (56)14 — — 
Curtailments— 8 — (1)— — 
Termination benefits5 3 1 — 4 — 
Settlements— (177)(14)(53)— (2)
Other— — 36 34 3 6 
Benefit obligation December 31$10,151 $10,446 $8,274 $9,042 $1,136 $1,104 
Funded status December 31$(434)$(642)$1,373 $520 $(96)$(59)
Recognized as:
Other Assets$26 $— $1,785 $1,019 $51 $107 
Accrued and other current liabilities(55)(49)(18)(19)(7)(8)
Other Noncurrent Liabilities(405)(593)(394)(480)(140)(158)
(1)    Actuarial (gains) losses primarily reflect changes in discount rates.
Funded Status of Selected Pension Plans
Information related to the funded status of selected pension plans at December 31 is as follows:
U.S.International
2024202320242023
Pension plans with a projected benefit obligation in excess of plan assets
Projected benefit obligation
$9,517 $10,446 $1,847 $2,961 
Fair value of plan assets9,057 9,804 1,435 2,462 
Pension plans with an accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets
Accumulated benefit obligation$442 $9,700 $1,768 $1,791 
Fair value of plan assets— 9,186 1,385 1,336 
Funded Status of Selected Pension Plans
Information related to the funded status of selected pension plans at December 31 is as follows:
U.S.International
2024202320242023
Pension plans with a projected benefit obligation in excess of plan assets
Projected benefit obligation
$9,517 $10,446 $1,847 $2,961 
Fair value of plan assets9,057 9,804 1,435 2,462 
Pension plans with an accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets
Accumulated benefit obligation$442 $9,700 $1,768 $1,791 
Fair value of plan assets— 9,186 1,385 1,336 
Schedule of Allocation of Plan Assets
The fair values of the Company’s pension plan assets at December 31 by asset category are as follows:
 Fair Value Measurements UsingFair Value Measurements Using
Level 1Level 2Level 3
NAV (1)
TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
NAV (1)
Total
20242023
U.S. Pension Plans
Cash and cash equivalents$43 $— $— $121 $164 $34 $— $— $124 $158 
Investment funds
Developed markets equities170 — — 2,385 2,555 224 — — 2,573 2,797 
Emerging markets equities— — — 1,265 1,265 — — — 740 740 
Real estate— — — 174 174 — — — 113 113 
Equity securities
Developed markets2,171 — — — 2,171 2,071 — — — 2,071 
Fixed income securities
Government and agency obligations— 2,101 — — 2,101 — 2,307 — — 2,307 
Corporate obligations— 1,293 — — 1,293 — 1,485 — — 1,485 
Mortgage and asset-backed securities— 21 — — 21 — 21 — — 21 
Other investments (liabilities)
Derivatives(29)— — — (29)109 — — — 109 
Other— — 2 — 2 — — 3 — 3 
Plan assets at fair value$2,355 $3,415 $2 $3,945 $9,717 $2,438 $3,813 $3 $3,550 $9,804 
International Pension Plans
Cash and cash equivalents$112 $— $— $11 $123 $98 $— $— $20 $118 
Investment funds
Developed markets equities599 3,537 — 96 4,232 507 3,257 — 106 3,870 
Government and agency obligations262 2,974 — 149 3,385 234 3,123 — 166 3,523 
Corporate obligations23 8 — 149 180 23 8 — 166 197 
Emerging markets equities54 — — 91 145 44 — — 66 110 
Other fixed income obligations8 7 — 4 19 9 8 — 3 20 
Real estate— — — 12 12 — — — 10 10 
Equity securities
Developed markets287 — — — 287 278 — — — 278 
Fixed income securities
Government and agency obligations— 368 — — 368 — 423 — — 423 
Corporate obligations— 141 — — 141 — 160 — — 160 
Mortgage and asset-backed securities— 54 — — 54 — 61 — — 61 
Other investments
Insurance contracts (2)
— 1 698 2 701 — 1 785 2 788 
Other— — — — — 4 — — — 4 
Plan assets at fair value$1,345 $7,090 $698 $514 $9,647 $1,197 $7,041 $785 $539 $9,562 
(1)    Certain investments that were measured at net asset value (NAV) per share or its equivalent have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. The NAV amounts presented in this table are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the fair value of plan assets at December 31, 2024 and 2023.
(2)    The plans’ Level 3 investments in insurance contracts are generally valued using a crediting rate that approximates market returns and invest in underlying securities whose market values are unobservable and determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques.
The fair values of the Company’s other postretirement benefit plan assets at December 31 by asset category are as follows:
 Fair Value Measurements UsingFair Value Measurements Using
Level 1Level 2Level 3
NAV (1)
TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
NAV (1)
Total
20242023
Cash and cash equivalents$— $— $— $5 $5 $— $— $— $13 $13 
Investment funds
Developed markets equities3 — — 46 49 24 — — 277 301 
Emerging markets equities— — — 24 24 — — — 80 80 
Real estate— — — 3 3 — — — 12 12 
Equity securities
Developed markets41 — — 41 223 — — — 223 
Fixed income securities
Corporate obligations— 598 — 598 — 157 — — 157 
Government and agency obligations— 266 — 266 — 245 — — 245 
Mortgage and asset-backed securities— 54 — — 54 — 2 — — 2 
Other Investments (liabilities)
Derivatives— — — — — 12 — — — 12 
Plan assets at fair value$44 $918 $— $78 $1,040 $259 $404 $— $382 $1,045 
(1)    Certain investments that were measured at net asset value (NAV) per share or its equivalent have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. The NAV amounts presented in this table are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the fair value of plan assets at December 31, 2024 and 2023.
Summary of Changes in Fair Value of Company's Level 3 Pension Plan Assets
The table below provides a summary of the changes in fair value, including transfers in and/or out, of all financial assets measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the Company’s pension plan assets:
 20242023
Insurance
Contracts		OtherTotalInsurance
Contracts		OtherTotal
U.S. Pension Plans
Balance January 1$— $3 $3 $— $4 $4 
Actual return on plan assets:
Relating to assets still held at December 31— (2)(2)— (2)(2)
Relating to assets sold during the year— 2 2 — 2 2 
Purchases and sales, net— (1)(1)— (1)(1)
Balance December 31$— $2 $2 $— $3 $3 
International Pension Plans
Balance January 1$785 $— $785 $761 $— $761 
Actual return on plan assets:
Relating to assets still held at December 31(26)— (26)77 — 77 
Purchases and sales, net(61)— (61)(53)— (53)
Balance December 31$698 $— $698 $785 $— $785 
Summary of Expected Benefit Payments
Expected benefit payments are as follows:
U.S. Pension BenefitsInternational Pension
Benefits		Other
Postretirement
Benefits
2025$771 $291 $86 
2026775 275 87 
2027789 286 89 
2028799 300 91 
2029822 314 96 
2030 — 2034
4,386 1,792 515 
Components of Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) The following amounts were reflected as components of OCI:
 Pension PlansOther Postretirement
Benefit Plans
U.S.International
Years Ended December 31202420232022202420232022202420232022
Net gain (loss) arising during the period
$35 $(69)$(42)$634 $(438)$116 $(78)$110 $— 
Prior service credit (cost) arising during the period
— — — 56 (16)(4)— — — 
 $35 $(69)$(42)$690 $(454)$112 $(78)$110 $— 
Net loss (gain) amortization included in benefit cost$43 $— $128 $5 $(3)$96 $(51)$(42)$(43)
Prior service (credit) cost amortization included in benefit cost
— (1)(32)(13)2 (14)(43)(49)(57)
Settlements and curtailments— 36 251 (1)(6)1 — (1)(1)
 $43 $35 $347 $(9)$(7)$83 $(94)$(92)$(101)
Summary of Weighted Average Assumptions Used in Determining Pension Plan and U.S. Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plan Information
The Company reassesses its benefit plan assumptions on a regular basis. The weighted average assumptions used in determining U.S. pension and other postretirement benefit plan and international pension plan information are as follows:
 U.S. Pension and Other
Postretirement Benefit Plans		International Pension Plans
December 31202420232022202420232022
Net periodic benefit cost      
Discount rate5.30 %5.50 %3.00 %3.40 %3.90 %1.50 %
Expected rate of return on plan assets7.75 %7.00 %6.70 %5.20 %5.00 %3.70 %
Salary growth rate4.60 %4.60 %4.60 %3.20 %3.20 %2.90 %
Interest crediting rate5.30 %5.30 %5.00 %3.40 %3.30 %3.00 %
Benefit obligation      
Discount rate5.70 %5.30 %5.50 %3.70 %3.40 %3.90 %
Salary growth rate4.80 %4.60 %4.60 %3.10 %3.20 %3.20 %
Interest crediting rate5.40 %5.30 %5.30 %3.50 %3.40 %3.30 %
Summary of Health Care Cost Trend Rate Assumptions for Other Postretirement Benefit Plans
The health care cost trend rate assumptions for other postretirement benefit plans are as follows:
December 3120242023
Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year7.90 %7.80 %
Rate to which the cost trend rate is assumed to decline4.50 %4.50 %
Year that the trend rate reaches the ultimate trend rate20402038