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Earnings Per Share (Tables)
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2020
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Calculations of Earnings Per Share
The calculations of earnings per share are as follows:
 
Three Months Ended 
 June 30,
 
Six Months Ended 
 June 30,
($ and shares in millions except per share amounts)
2020
 
2019
 
2020
 
2019
Net income attributable to Merck & Co., Inc.
$
3,002

 
$
2,670

 
$
6,221

 
$
5,585

Average common shares outstanding
2,527

 
2,574

 
2,531

 
2,579

Common shares issuable (1)
9

 
14

 
11

 
17

Average common shares outstanding assuming dilution
2,536

 
2,588

 
2,542

 
2,596

Basic earnings per common share attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. common shareholders
$
1.19

 
$
1.04

 
$
2.46

 
$
2.17

Earnings per common share assuming dilution attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. common shareholders
$
1.18

 
$
1.03

 
$
2.45

 
$
2.15

(1) 
Issuable primarily under share-based compensation plans.