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System Optimization Gains, Net (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Jan. 02, 2022
System optimization gains, net  
Summary of Disposition Activity
Year End
January 2, 2022January 3, 2021
Land$370,742 $372,473 
Buildings and improvements504,462 504,504 
Leasehold improvements422,094 409,306 
Office, restaurant and transportation equipment282,770 255,469 
1,580,068 1,541,752 
Accumulated depreciation and amortization(673,201)(625,863)
$906,867 $915,889 
Assets Held for Sale
Year End
January 2, 2022January 3, 2021
Number of restaurants classified as held for sale— 43 
Net restaurant assets held for sale (a)$— $20,587 
Other assets held for sale (b)$3,541 $1,732 
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(a)Net restaurant assets held for sale as of January 3, 2021 included New York Company-operated restaurants (excluding Manhattan) and consisted primarily of cash, inventory, property and an estimate of allocable goodwill. During the three months ended April 4, 2021, the Company also classified its four Manhattan restaurants as held for sale.

(b)Other assets held for sale primarily consist of surplus properties.
System Optimization  
System optimization gains, net  
Summary of Disposition Activity
The following is a summary of the disposition activity recorded as a result of our system optimization initiative:
Year Ended
202120202019
Number of restaurants sold to franchisees47 — 
Proceeds from sales of restaurants (a)$50,518 $50 $— 
Net assets sold (b)(16,939)(34)— 
Goodwill related to sales of restaurants(4,847)— — 
Net unfavorable leases (c)(2,939)— — 
Gain on sales-type leases7,156 — — 
Other (d)(2,148)— — 
30,801 16 — 
Post-closing adjustments on sales of restaurants (e) (f)1,218 362 1,087 
Gain on sales of restaurants, net32,019 378 1,087 
Gain on sales of other assets, net (g)1,526 2,770 196 
System optimization gains, net$33,545 $3,148 $1,283 
_______________

(a)In addition to the proceeds noted herein, the Company received cash proceeds of $39 during 2021 related to a note receivable issued in connection with the sale of the Manhattan Company-operated restaurants.

(b)Net assets sold consisted primarily of equipment.

(c)During 2021, the Company recorded favorable lease assets of $3,799 and unfavorable lease liabilities of $6,738 as a result of leasing and/or subleasing land, buildings and/or leasehold improvements to franchisees, in connection with the sale of the New York Company-operated restaurants (including Manhattan).

(d)2021 includes a deferred gain of $3,500 as a result of certain contingencies related to the extension of lease terms.

(e)2021 includes a gain on sales-type leases of $1,625 and the write-off of certain lease assets of $927 as a result of an amendment to lease terms in connection with a Manhattan Company-operated restaurant previously sold to a franchisee.
(f)2021, 2020 and 2019 include the recognition of deferred gains of $515, $368 and $911, respectively, as a result of the resolution of certain contingencies related to the extension of lease terms for restaurants previously sold to franchisees.

(g)During 2021, 2020 and 2019, Wendy’s received cash proceeds of $4,561, $6,041 and $3,448, respectively, primarily from the sale of surplus and other properties.