Other Intangible Assets

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2016

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Other Intangible Assets

Other Intangible Assets

The gross carrying amounts and accumulated amortization of other intangible assets by major class are as follows: 

	June 30, 2016							December 31, 2015
	Gross		Accumulated Amortization			Net		Gross		Accumulated Amortization			Net
Intangible assets subject to amortization (Definite-lived):
Customer lists	$	1,619	$	(561	)	$	1,058	$	1,621	$	(529	)	$	1,092
Patents	501		(244		)	257		454		(220		)	234
Purchased and licensed technology	1,167		(804		)	363		1,173		(649		)	524
Trademarks	26		(14		)	12		26		(13		)	13
Other 1	179		(78		)	101		180		(72		)	108
	3,492		(1,701		)	1,791		3,454		(1,483		)	1,971
Intangible assets not subject to amortization (Indefinite-lived):
In-process research and development	71		—			71		72		—			72
Microbial cell factories	306		—			306		306		—			306
Pioneer germplasm	1,048		—			1,048		1,048		—			1,048
Trademarks/tradenames	751		—			751		747		—			747
	2,176		—			2,176		2,173		—			2,173
Total	$	5,668	$	(1,701	)	$	3,967	$	5,627	$	(1,483	)	$	4,144

^1.  Primarily consists of sales and grower networks, marketing and manufacturing alliances and noncompetition agreements.       

The aggregate pre-tax amortization expense from continuing operations for definite-lived intangible assets was $104 and $226 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, and $117 and $256 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively. The estimated aggregate pre-tax amortization expense from continuing operations for the remainder of 2016 and each of the next five years is approximately $104, $207, $208, $213, $200 and $147, respectively.