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Other Income, Net
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
Other Income Disclosure, Nonoperating [Abstract]  
Other Income, Net
OTHER INCOME, NET
 
2011
2010
2009
Cozaar®/Hyzaar® income
$
282

$
483

$
1,032

Royalty income
194

146

127

Interest income
110

93

91

Equity in earnings of affiliates, excluding exchange gains/losses1
191

179

86

Net gains on sales of assets
90

127

63

Net exchange losses1
(163
)
(13
)
(205
)
Miscellaneous income and expenses, net2
54

213

25

 
$
758

$
1,228

$
1,219


1. 
The company routinely uses foreign currency exchange contracts to offset its net exposures, by currency, related to the foreign currency-denominated monetary assets and liabilities. The objective of this program is to maintain an approximately balanced position in foreign currencies in order to minimize, on an after-tax basis, the effects of exchange rate changes on net monetary asset positions. The net pre-tax exchange gains and losses are recorded in other income, net and the related tax impact is recorded in provision for income taxes on the Consolidated Income Statements. Exchange gains (losses) related to earnings of affiliates was $1, $(2) and $13 for 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
2. 
Miscellaneous income and expenses, net, generally includes interest items, insurance recoveries, litigation settlements and other items.