STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]

Schedule of Common Stock and Treasury Stock Outstanding Roll Forward

The following table provides a reconciliation of Dow Inc. common stock activity for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021:

Shares of Dow Inc. Common Stock	Issued	Held in Treasury
Balance at Jan 1, 2021	755,993,198	12,803,303
Issued 1	8,233,684	—
Repurchased	—	16,208,270
Balance at Jan 1, 2022	764,226,882	29,011,573
Issued 1	7,451,643	(1,499,610)
Repurchased	—	39,286,642
Balance at Jan 1, 2023	771,678,525	66,798,605
Issued 1	6,916,989	(2,347,747)
Repurchased	—	11,851,223
Balance at Dec 31, 2023	778,595,514	76,302,081

1.Shares issued to employees and non-employee directors under the Company's equity compensation plans.

Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The changes in each component of AOCL for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 were as follows:

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	2023		2022		2021
In millions
Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments
Beginning balance	$	(253)	$	59	$	104
Unrealized gains (losses) on investments	(6)		(326)		(21)
Tax (expense) benefit	54		13		5
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments	48		(313)		(16)
(Gains) losses reclassified from AOCL to net income 1	(63)		2		(38)
Tax expense (benefit) 2	15		(1)		9
Net (gains) losses reclassified from AOCL to net income	(48)		1		(29)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	—		(312)		(45)
Ending balance	$	(253)	$	(253)	$	59
Cumulative Translation Adjustment
Beginning balance	$	(1,934)	$	(1,355)	$	(930)
Gains (losses) on foreign currency translation	57		(557)		(375)
Tax (expense) benefit	—		24		(40)
Net gains (losses) on foreign currency translation	57		(533)		(415)
(Gains) losses reclassified from AOCL to net income 3	(14)		(46)		(10)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	43		(579)		(425)
Ending balance	$	(1,891)	$	(1,934)	$	(1,355)
Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits
Beginning balance	$	(4,877)	$	(7,334)	$	(9,559)
Gains (losses) arising during the period	(1,454)		2,611		2,094
Tax (expense) benefit	349		(630)		(464)
Net gains (losses) arising during the period	(1,105)		1,981		1,630
Amortization of net loss and prior service credits reclassified from AOCL to net income 4	648		622		776
Tax expense (benefit) 2	(152)		(146)		(181)
Net loss and prior service credits reclassified from AOCL to net income	496		476		595
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	(609)		2,457		2,225
Ending balance	$	(5,486)	$	(4,877)	$	(7,334)
Derivative Instruments
Beginning balance	$	(75)	$	(347)	$	(470)
Gains (losses) on derivative instruments	(201)		638		155
Tax (expense) benefit	30		(87)		3
Net gains (losses) on derivative instruments	(171)		551		158
(Gains) losses reclassified from AOCL to net income 5	250		(313)		(38)
Tax expense (benefit) 2	(55)		34		3
Net (gains) losses reclassified from AOCL to net income	195		(279)		(35)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	24		272		123
Ending balance	$	(51)	$	(75)	$	(347)
Total AOCL ending balance	$	(7,681)	$	(7,139)	$	(8,977)

1.Reclassified to "Net sales" and "Sundry income (expense) - net."

2.Reclassified to "Provision for income taxes."

3.Reclassified to "Sundry income (expense) - net."

4.These AOCL components are included in the computation of net periodic benefit cost of the Company's defined benefit pension and other postretirement benefit plans. See Note 18 for additional information.

5.Reclassified to "Cost of sales," "Sundry income (expense) - net" and "Interest expense and amortization of debt discount."