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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
8. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
The changes in the carrying value of goodwill by reportable operating segments were as follows:
 Engineered ProductsFueling SolutionsImaging & IdentificationPumps & Process SolutionsRefrigeration & Food EquipmentTotal
Balance at December 31, 2019$636,571 $873,381 $977,069 $750,627 $545,699 $3,783,347 
Acquisitions33,183 — 103,186 21,505 — 157,874 
Disposition of business— — — — (2,597)(2,597)
Foreign currency translation5,675 (19)16,112 5,697 801 28,266 
Balance at September 30, 2020$675,429 $873,362 $1,096,367 $777,829 $543,903 $3,966,890 

During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company recorded additions of $157,874 to goodwill as a result of the acquisitions within the Engineered Products, Imaging & Identification, and Pumps & Process Solutions segments discussed in Note 3 — Acquisitions. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company disposed of $2,597 of the Refrigeration & Food Equipment segment goodwill as a result of the sale of a business as discussed in Note 4 — Disposed Operations.

Dover performs its annual goodwill impairment testing in the fourth quarter of each year. During the 2019 impairment testing, all fifteen reporting units had fair values substantially in excess of their carrying values. In addition to the annual impairment test, the Company is required to regularly assess whether a triggering event has occurred which would require interim
impairment testing. The Company considered the current and expected future economic and market conditions surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on each of the reporting units. Further, the Company assessed the current market capitalization, forecasts and the amount of headroom in the 2019 impairment test. The Company determined that a triggering event has not occurred which would require an interim impairment test to be performed. Refer to "Segment Results of Operations" for further details on the COVID-19 impact to the Company's operations.

The Company’s definite-lived and indefinite-lived intangible assets by major asset class were as follows:
September 30, 2020December 31, 2019
Gross Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net Carrying Amount
Gross Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net Carrying Amount
Amortized intangible assets:
Customer intangibles$1,509,305 $796,653 $712,652 $1,410,636 $714,566 $696,070 
Trademarks226,762 98,541 128,221 218,064 85,791 132,273 
Patents161,314 138,584 22,730 159,376 133,677 25,699 
Unpatented technologies170,859 108,633 62,226 154,505 99,276 55,229 
Distributor relationships84,045 49,200 34,845 82,779 44,202 38,577 
Drawings & manuals28,054 24,585 3,469 27,500 22,403 5,097 
Other23,558 18,609 4,949 22,355 16,939 5,416 
Total2,203,897 1,234,805 969,092 2,075,215 1,116,854 958,361 
Unamortized intangible assets:
Trademarks96,723 — 96,723 96,653 — 96,653 
Total intangible assets, net$2,300,620 $1,234,805 $1,065,815 $2,171,868 $1,116,854 $1,055,014 
Amortization expense was $35,393 and $34,642, respectively, including acquisition-related intangible amortization of $34,797 and $34,157 for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, amortization expense was $103,828 and $104,930, respectively, including acquisition-related intangible amortization of $102,443 and $103,531, respectively.