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Equity and Cash Incentive Program
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
Equity and Cash Incentive Program [Abstract]  
Equity and Cash Incentive Program
10.  
 Equity and Cash Incentive Program

2005 Equity and Cash Incentive Plan

Under the Company's shareholder-approved 2005 Equity and Cash Incentive Plan (the “2005 Plan”), a maximum aggregate of 20 million shares were reserved for grants (non-qualified and incentive stock options, stock settled stock appreciation rights (“SARs”), restricted stock, and performance share awards) to key personnel between February 1, 2005 and January 31, 2015, provided that no incentive stock options shall be granted under the plan after February 11, 2014 and a maximum of two million shares may be granted as restricted stock or performance share awards. The exercise price of options and SARs may not be less than the fair market value of the stock at the time the awards are granted. The period during which these options and SARs are exercisable is fixed by the Company's Compensation Committee at the time of grant.  Generally, the stock options or SARs issued under the 2005 Plan vest after three years of service and expire at the end of ten years.  All stock options and SARs are granted at regularly scheduled quarterly Compensation Committee meetings (usually only at the meeting during the first quarter) and have an exercise price equal to the closing price of the Company's stock on the New York Stock Exchange on the date of grant. New common shares are issued when options or SARs are exercised.

The following table summarizes the Company's compensation expense relating to all stock-based incentive plans:
 
   
Years ended December 31,
 
   
2011
  
2010
  
2009
 
Pre-tax compensation expense
 $25,991  $21,207  $17,158 
Tax benefit
  (9,097)  (7,422)  (6,005)
Total stock-based compensation expense, net of tax
 $16,894  $13,785  $11,153 

SARs and Stock Options

In 2011, 2010 and 2009, the Company issued SARs covering 1,524,329 shares, 2,304,574 shares, and 2,825,701 shares, respectively, under the 2005 Plan.  Since 2006, the Company has only issued SARs under the 2005 Plan and does not anticipate issuing stock options in the future.  The fair value of each SAR grant was estimated on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions:
 
   
2011 Grant
  
2010 Grant
  
2009 Grant
 
           
Risk-free interest rate
  2.68%  2.77%  2.06%
Dividend yield
  1.70%  2.33%  3.23%
Expected life (years)
  5.8   6.0   6.5 
Volatility
  33.56%  31.93%  30.47%
SAR grant price
 $66.59  $42.88  $29.45 
Fair value of SAR award
 $20.13  $11.66  $6.58 
 
A summary of activity relating to SARs and stock options granted under the 2005 Plan and the predecessor plan for the year ended December 31, 2011 is as follows:

 
   
SARs
  
Stock Options
 
   
Number of Shares
  
Weighted Average Exercise Price
  
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
  
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)
  
Number of Shares
  
Weighted Average Exercise Price
  
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
  
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)
 
            
 
             
Outstanding at 1/1/2011
  9,432,013  $40.63         2,899,135  $36.79     
 
 
   Granted
  1,524,329   66.59         -   -     
 
 
   Forfeited / expired
  (308,882)  42.03         (77,699)  38.75     
 
 
   Exercised
  (1,253,826)  45.54  $24,322      (878,342)  36.24  $24,726  
 
 
Outstanding at 12/31/2011
  9,393,634   44.14   143,317   6.38   1,943,094   36.96   40,989   2.11 
                                  
Total exercisable at December 31, 2011
  3,302,555  $45.92  $40,051   4.35   1,943,094  $36.96  $40,989   2.11 
                                  
 
The following table summarizes information about SAR and option awards outstanding that are vested and exercisable at December 31, 2011:
 
   
SARs Outstanding
     
SARs Exercisable
    
Range of Exercise Prices
  
Number
  
Weighted Average
Exercise Price
 
Weighted Average
Remaining Life
in Years
 
Number
  
Weighted Average
Exercise Price
 
Weighted Average
Remaining Life
in Years
 
$29.45 - $35.50   2,490,684  $29.52   6.28   -  $-   - 
$42.30 - $46.00   4,378,418   43.33   6.09   2,255,049   43.75   4.47 
$50.60 - $66.59   2,524,532   59.96   6.96   1,047,506   50.60   4.11 
 
   
Options Outstanding
     
Options Exercisable
    
Range of Exercise Prices
  
Number
  
Weighted Average
Exercise Price
 
Weighted Average
Remaining Life
in Years
 
Number
  
Weighted Average
Exercise Price
 
Weighted Average
Remaining Life
in Years
 
$24.50 - $31.00   294,397  $24.53   1.12   294,397  $24.53   1.12 
$33.00 - $39.00   1,052,031   38.00   2.41   1,052,031   38.00   2.41 
$39.40 - $43.00   596,666   41.24   2.06   596,666   41.24   2.06 

Unrecognized compensation expense related to SARs not yet exercisable was $27,570 at December 31, 2011.  This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.7 years.  The fair value of SARs which became exercisable during the year was $21,202.   Cash received by the Company for stock options exercised during 2011 totaled $26,519.
 
Performance Share Awards

In May 2009, the shareholders of the Company approved an amendment to the 2005 Plan allowing the granting of performance share awards that will become payable in new common shares upon achievement of pre-established performance targets. The changes to the 2005 Plan are detailed in the Company's Proxy Statement dated March 24, 2009 under the heading “Proposal 2 - Proposal to Approve Amendments to the 2005 Equity and Cash Incentive Plans.” Performance share awards granted under the 2005 Plan are being expensed over the three year period that is the requisite performance and service period. Awards shall become vested if (1) the Company achieves certain specified stock performance targets compared to a peer group of 38 companies and (2) the employee remains continuously employed by the company during the performance period.  Partial vesting may occur after separation from service in the case of certain terminations not for cause and for retirements.
 
In 2011, 2010 and 2009, the Company issued performance shares covering 44,751 shares, 68,446 shares, and 75,892 shares, respectively. The performance share awards are market condition awards and have been fair valued on the date of grant using the Monte Carlo simulation model (a binomial lattice-based valuation model) with the following assumptions:

   
2011 Grant
  
2010 Grant
  
2009 Grant
 
           
Risk-free interest rate
  1.34%  1.37%  1.30%
Dividend yield
  1.61%  2.38%  2.93%
Expected life (years)
  2.9   2.9   2.7 
Volatility
  40.48%  39.98%  39.57%
Fair value of performance award
 $91.41  $57.49  $35.79 
 
  
Number of Shares
  
Weighted-Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
 
        
Unvested at December 31, 2010
  143,452  $46.14 
Granted
  44,751   91.41 
Vested *
  (72,151)  35.79 
Forfeited
  (2,855)  35.79 
Unvested at December 31, 2011
  113,197  $57.23 
 
 * Under the terms of the performance share award, the actual number of shares awarded can range from zero to 200% of the original target grant, depending on Dover's three-year performance relative to the peer group for the relevant performance period. Awards vesting at the end of 2011, as shown above, are expected to be paid out at approximately 105% of their original target.
 
Unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested performance shares as of December 31, 2011 was $3,667, which will be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.6 years.
 
The Company also has restricted stock authorized for grant (as part of the 2005 Plan), under which common stock of the Company may be granted at no cost to certain officers and key employees. In general, restrictions limit the sale or transfer of these shares during a two or three year period, and restrictions lapse proportionately over the two or three year period.  The Company granted 55,200 and 15,500 restricted shares in 2011 and 2010, respectively.  No restricted shares were granted in 2009.
 
The Company has a stock compensation plan under which non-employee directors are granted shares of the Company's common stock each year as more than half of their compensation for serving as directors. The Company issued the following shares to its directors during each respective year as partial compensation for serving as directors of the Company:
 
Years ended December 31,
 
 
2011
 
2010
 
2009
 
Aggregate shares granted
 20,929
 
 20,853
 
 21,549
 
Shares withheld to satisfy tax obligations
 (562)
 
 (574)
 
 (6,823)
 
Net shares granted
 20,367
 
 20,279
 
 14,726