Business Segment and Geographic Information (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2025

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Schedule of Segment Reporting Information by Segment

Business Segment Information

	Americas	Asia	Europe	Middle East and India	Corporate and other	Total
2025
Sales(A)	$5,125.9	$3,271.0	$2,984.5	$135.9	$520.0	$12,037.3
Cost of sales	(3,423.5)	(2,323.3)	(1,893.2)	(107.4)	(508.6)	(8,256.0)
Selling and administrative expense	(206.6)	(118.3)	(254.0)	(24.1)	(303.1)	(906.1)
Other segment items(B)	23.8	21.7	7.4	5.2	(75.6)	(17.5)
Operating income (loss)(C)	$1,519.6	$851.1	$844.7	$9.6	($367.3)	$2,857.7
Other segment information:
Depreciation and amortization	732.1	518.9	247.4	25.9	39.9	1,564.2
Equity affiliates' income(D)	157.0	42.3	101.9	340.9	12.4	654.5
Investments in net assets of and advances to equity affiliates	555.2	331.3	649.9	3,713.2	116.5	5,366.1
Total assets	12,058.7	6,712.2	6,916.8	10,919.4	4,452.4	41,059.5
Expenditures for long-lived assets	2,610.7	406.6	1,010.6	2,868.6	126.1	7,022.6
2024
Sales(A)	$5,040.1	$3,224.3	$2,823.4	$134.4	$878.4	$12,100.6
Cost of sales	(3,284.8)	(2,255.8)	(1,783.7)	(101.0)	(743.4)	(8,168.7)
Selling and administrative expense	(212.5)	(122.0)	(243.2)	(28.2)	(336.5)	(942.4)
Other segment items(B)	22.3	12.7	13.5	0.7	(91.2)	(42.0)
Operating income (loss)(C)	$1,565.1	$859.2	$810.0	$5.9	($292.7)	$2,947.5
Other segment information:
Depreciation and amortization	699.3	471.0	207.1	26.6	47.1	1,451.1
Equity affiliates' income	158.8	32.9	88.1	347.5	20.4	647.7
Investments in net assets of and advances to equity affiliates	472.9	322.9	573.8	3,317.7	105.2	4,792.5
Total assets	12,383.8	7,436.5	5,849.2	8,477.4	5,427.7	39,574.6
Expenditures for long-lived assets	2,733.1	574.8	865.2	2,517.5	106.1	6,796.7
2023
Sales(A)	$5,369.3	$3,216.1	$2,963.1	$162.5	$889.0	$12,600.0
Cost of sales	(3,715.5)	(2,194.6)	(2,080.1)	(120.0)	(722.8)	(8,833.0)
Selling and administrative expense	(222.4)	(123.7)	(224.0)	(26.9)	(360.0)	(957.0)
Other segment items(B)	8.3	8.7	4.4	1.3	(93.5)	(70.8)
Operating income (loss)(C)	$1,439.7	$906.5	$663.4	$16.9	($287.3)	$2,739.2
Other segment information:
Depreciation and amortization	649.3	433.5	196.2	27.5	51.8	1,358.3
Equity affiliates' income	109.2	29.7	102.5	349.8	13.1	604.3
Expenditures for long-lived assets	2,033.7	663.4	482.4	1,312.7	134.2	4,626.4

(A)Sales relate to external customers only. We do not have a homogeneous customer base or end market, and no single customer accounts for more than 10% of our consolidated sales. All intersegment sales are eliminated in consolidation.

(B)For the regional segments, other segment items primarily include impacts from transactions not directly related to our principal earnings activities, such as technology and royalty income and gains and losses on asset sales. For the Corporate and other segment, other segment items primarily include research and development expense and the net impact of gains and losses on foreign currency transactions.

(C)Refer to the Reconciliation of Segment Operating Income to Consolidated Results section below.

(D)Segment equity affiliates’ income in fiscal year 2025 excludes a $6.8 impairment charge related to a joint venture in China, which was recorded as part of our business and asset actions during the second quarter. As a result, total segment equity affiliates’ income does not reconcile to equity affiliates’ income for the total company as reported on the consolidated income statement for the fiscal year ended 30 September 2025.

Reconciliation of Segment Operating Income to Consolidated Results

Reconciliation of Segment Operating Income to Consolidated Results

The table below reconciles segment operating income to income (loss) from continuing operations before taxes as reflected on our consolidated income statements:

Fiscal Year Ended 30 September	2025	2024	2023
Segment Operating Income	$2,857.7	$2,947.5	$2,739.2
Business and asset actions	(3,747.0)	(57.0)	(244.6)
Shareholder activism-related costs	(86.3)	—	—
Gain on sale of business	67.3	1,575.6	—
Gain on sale of other assets (A)	31.3	—	—
Consolidated Operating Income (Loss)	($877.0)	$4,466.1	$2,494.6
Equity affiliates' income	647.7	647.7	604.3
Interest expense	214.0	218.8	177.5
Other non-operating income (expense), net	2.6	(73.8)	(39.0)
Income (Loss) From Continuing Operations Before Taxes	($440.7)	$4,821.2	$2,882.4

(A) Reflected on the consolidated income statements within "Other income (expense), net."

Schedule of Revenue and Long-Lived Assets by Geographical Areas

Geographic Information

The geographic information presented below is based on country of origin.

Sales to External Customers

Fiscal Year Ended 30 September	2025	2024	2023
United States	$4,692.5	$4,914.0	$5,234.2
China	1,933.5	1,951.5	1,988.1
Other foreign operations	5,411.3	5,235.1	5,377.7
Total	$12,037.3	$12,100.6	$12,600.0
Long-Lived Assets(A) (Plant and equipment, net)
30 September	2025	2024	2023
United States	$8,909.1	$9,159.3	$7,431.0
Saudi Arabia(B)	6,910.6	5,080.2	1,818.1
China	2,654.6	3,845.7	3,744.7
Other foreign operations	6,863.5	5,285.7	4,478.3
Total	$25,337.8	$23,370.9	$17,472.1

(A)In fiscal year 2025, we recorded impairment charges to long-lived assets associated with various project exits, as described in Note 5, Business and Asset Actions. These charges impacted all regions, with the majority related to projects in the United States.

(B)Long-lived assets in Saudi Arabia primarily relate to the NEOM Green Hydrogen Project as discussed in Note 3, Variable Interest Entities.