NOTE P Restructuring

The following is a reconciliation of restructuring reserves (in thousands of dollars):


Balance at July 31, 2008	$	—
Accruals for restructuring during the reporting period		17,755
Less settlements made during the period		(13,915	)
Balance at July 31, 2009	$	3,840
Accruals for restructuring during the reporting period		8,023
Less settlements made during the period		(7,724	)
Balance at July 31, 2010	$	4,139
Accruals for restructuring during the reporting period		759
Less settlements made during the period		(4,898	)
Balance at July 31, 2011	$	—

Certain restructuring actions commenced in Fiscal 2009 in response to the dramatic downturn in the worldwide economy and these actions and related costs carried over into Fiscal 2010 and Fiscal 2011. In Fiscal 2011, the Engine Products segment incurred minimal restructuring expenses and Industrial Products segment incurred $0.7 million in restructuring expenses. The restructuring expenses in Fiscal 2011 include employee severance costs for approximately five employees related to the completion of the Company's planned restructuring activities. There was no restructuring activity during Fiscal 2012.

The fiscal 2010 costs were employee severance costs related to the reduction in workforce of approximately 550 employees. In addition to these restructuring costs, the Company recorded $2.1 million in asset impairment costs related to the downsizing of a plant in Germany. Fiscal 2009 included $17.3 million in employee severance costs related to the reduction in workforce of approximately 2,800 employees. In addition, $0.5 million was incurred primarily for distribution center consolidation and production line transfers.

Restructuring and asset impairment expense detail is summarized as follows (in thousands):


	Fiscal Year
	2012		2011		2010
Gross Margin	$	—	$	20	$	7,488
Operating expenses		—		739		2,677
Total restructuring and asset impairment expenses	$	—	$	759	$	10,165