Fair value measurements

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Goodwill impairment analyses – We evaluate the carrying value of goodwill as of July 31 of each year and between annual evaluations if events occur or circumstances change that would indicate a possible impairment. Our policy on impairment of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangibles is included under the caption "Note 1: Significant Accounting Policies" in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements appearing in the 2019 Form 10-K and explains our methodology for assessing impairment of these assets.

Effective January 1, 2020, we reorganized our reportable business segments to align with structural and management reporting changes in support of our growth strategy (Note 14). As a result, we reassessed our previously determined reporting units and concluded that a realignment of our reporting units was required. We analyzed goodwill for impairment immediately prior to this realignment by performing a qualitative analysis for all of our reporting units, with the exception of our Direct-to-Consumer reporting unit, which is part of our new Checks reportable business segment. The qualitative analyses evaluated factors, including, but not limited to, economic, market and industry conditions, cost factors and the overall financial performance of the reporting units. We also considered the last quantitative analyses we completed. In completing these assessments, we noted no changes in events or circumstances that indicated that it was more likely than not that the fair value of any reporting unit was less than its carrying amount. The quantitative analysis of our Direct-to-Consumer reporting unit indicated that its fair value exceeded its carrying value by approximately $35,000, or 26% above its carrying value.

In completing the realignment of our reporting units, we reallocated the carrying value of goodwill to our new reporting units based on their relative fair values. Immediately subsequent to the realignment, we completed a quantitative analysis for the reporting units that changed as a result of the realignment. This quantitative analysis, as of January 1, 2020, indicated that the estimated fair values of our reporting units exceeded their carrying values by approximate amounts between $37,000 and $954,000, or by amounts between 121% and 189% above the carrying values of their net assets.

On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced a global health emergency due to an outbreak of COVID-19 originating in Wuhan, China and the risks to the international community as the virus spread globally beyond its point of origin. In March 2020, the WHO classified the COVID-19 outbreak as a pandemic, based on the rapid increase in exposure globally. Following the pandemic designation, we observed a decline in the market valuation of our common shares and we determined that the global response to the outbreak negatively impacted our estimates of expected future cash flows. After our consideration of economic, market and industry conditions, cost factors, the overall financial performance of the reporting units and the last quantitative analyses we completed, we concluded that a triggering event had occurred for 2 of our reporting units. As such, we completed quantitative goodwill impairment analyses for our Promotional Solutions and Cloud Solutions Web Hosting reporting units as of March 31, 2020. Our analyses indicated that the goodwill of our Promotional Solutions reporting unit was partially impaired and the goodwill of our Cloud Solutions Web Hosting reporting unit was fully impaired. As such, we recorded goodwill impairment charges of $63,356 and $4,317, respectively. The impairment charges were measured as the amount by which the reporting units' carrying values exceeded their estimated fair values, limited to the carrying amount of goodwill. After the impairment charges, $62,785 of goodwill remained in the Promotional Solutions reporting unit.

Other nonrecurring asset impairment analyses – As a result of the impacts of the COVID-19 outbreak, we assessed for impairment certain long-lived assets of our Cloud Solutions Web Hosting reporting unit as of March 31, 2020. As a result of these assessments, we recorded asset impairment charges of $17,678 related to certain customer list, software and trade name intangible assets. With the exception of certain internal-use software assets, we determined that the assets were fully impaired. We utilized the discounted value of estimated future cash flows to estimate the fair value of the asset group. In our analysis, we assumed a revenue decline of 31% and a gross margin decline of 5.2 points in 2020, as well as a discount rate of 9%.

During the first quarter of 2020, we assessed for impairment the carrying value of an asset group related to a small business distributor that we previously purchased. Our assessment was the result of customer attrition during the quarter that impacted our projections of future cash flows. Based on our estimate of discounted future cash flows, we determined that the asset group was partially impaired as of February 29, 2020, and we recorded an asset impairment charge of $2,752, reducing the carrying value of the related customer list intangible asset. In calculating the estimated fair value of the asset group, we assumed no revenue growth, a 1.9 point improvement in gross margin and a discount rate of 11%. Also during the first quarter of

2020, we recorded asset impairment charges of $2,227 related to assets held for sale. Further information regarding these impairment charges can be found in Note 3.

Asset impairment analyses completed during the quarter ended March 31, 2020 were as follows:



			Fair value measurements using
	Fair value as of measurement date		Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets		Significant other observable inputs		Significant unobservable inputs		Impairment charge
(in thousands)	Fair value as of measurement date		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Impairment charge
Customer lists	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	8,397
Internal-use software	2,172		—		—		2,172		6,932
Small business distributor	7,622		—		—		7,622		2,752
Assets held for sale	1,412		—		—		1,412		2,227
Trade names	—		—		—		—		2,182
Technology-based intangibles	—		—		—		—		167
Goodwill									67,673
Total									$	90,330

Recurring fair value measurements – Funds held for customers included cash equivalents and available-for-sale debt securities (Note 3). The cash equivalents consisted of a money market fund investment that is traded in an active market. Because of the short-term nature of the underlying investments, the cost of this investment approximates its fair value. Available-for-sale debt securities consisted of a mutual fund investment that invests in Canadian and provincial government securities, as well as investments in Canadian guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) with maturities of 1 year or less. The mutual fund is not traded in an active market and its fair value is determined by obtaining quoted prices in active markets for the underlying securities held by the fund. The fair value of the GICs approximated cost due to their relatively short duration. Unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, are included in accumulated other comprehensive loss on the consolidated balance sheets. The cost of securities sold is determined using the average cost method. Realized gains and losses are included in revenue on the consolidated statements of comprehensive (loss) income and were not significant for the quarters ended March 31, 2020 and 2019.

Information regarding the fair values of our financial instruments was as follows:



								Fair value measurements using
		March 31, 2020						Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1)		Significant other observable inputs (Level 2)			Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3)
(in thousands)	Balance sheet location	Carrying value			Fair value					Significant other observable inputs (Level 2)			Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3)
Measured at fair value through comprehensive (loss) income:
Cash equivalents	Funds held for customers	$	11,000		$	11,000		$	11,000	$	—		$	—
Available-for-sale debt securities	Funds held for customers	15,281			15,281			—		15,281			—
Derivative liability (Note 6)	Other non-current liabilities	(8,289		)	(8,289		)	—		(8,289		)	—
Amortized cost:
Cash	Cash and cash equivalents	310,146			310,146			310,146		—			—
Cash	Funds held for customers	64,657			64,657			64,657		—			—
Loans and notes receivable from Safeguard distributors	Other current and non-current assets	59,227			60,572			—		—			60,572
Long-term debt	Long-term debt	1,140,000			1,140,000			—		1,140,000			—



								Fair value measurements using
		December 31, 2019						Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1)		Significant other observable inputs (Level 2)			Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3)
(in thousands)	Balance sheet location	Carrying value			Fair value					Significant other observable inputs (Level 2)			Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3)
Measured at fair value through comprehensive (loss) income:
Cash equivalents	Funds held for customers	$	18,000		$	18,000		$	18,000	$	—		$	—
Available-for-sale debt securities	Funds held for customers	16,450			16,450			—		16,450			—
Derivative liability (Note 6)	Other non-current liabilities	(1,480		)	(1,480		)	—		(1,480		)	—
Amortized cost:
Cash	Cash and cash equivalents	73,620			73,620			73,620		—			—
Cash	Funds held for customers	83,191			83,191			83,191		—			—
Loans and notes receivable from Safeguard distributors	Other current and non-current assets	70,383			68,887			—		—			68,887
Long-term debt	Long-term debt	883,500			883,500			—		883,500			—

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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