UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☑ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2023

Or
☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number 001-5424

DELTA AIR LINES, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	58-0218548
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
Post Office Box 20706
Atlanta, Georgia	30320-6001
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (404) 715-2600

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share	DAL	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☑	Accelerated filer	☐	Non-accelerated filer	☐
Smaller reporting company			☐	Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ☐ No ☑

Number of shares outstanding by each class of common stock, as of June 30, 2023:

Common Stock, $0.0001 par value - 643,418,375 shares outstanding

This document is also available through our website at http://ir.delta.com/.

Table of Contents
	Page
Forward Looking Statements	1
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm	2
Part I. Financial Information
Item 1. Financial Statements	3
Consolidated Balance Sheets	3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income/(Loss)	4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	5
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity	6
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	7
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	19
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	35
Item 4. Controls and Procedures	35
Part II. Other Information
Item 1. Legal Proceedings	35
Item 1A. Risk Factors	35
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	35
Item 6. Exhibits	36
Signature	37

Forward Looking Statements

Unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires, the terms "Delta," "we," "us" and "our" refer to Delta Air Lines, Inc. and its subsidiaries.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Statements in this Form 10-Q (or otherwise made by us or on our behalf) that are not historical facts, including statements about our estimates, expectations, beliefs, intentions, projections, goals, aspirations, commitments or strategies for the future, may be "forward-looking statements" as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from historical experience or our present expectations. Known material risk factors applicable to Delta are described in "Item 1A. Risk Factors" of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 ("Form 10-K"), other than risks that could apply to any issuer or offering. All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date made, and we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances that may arise after the date of this report except as required by law.

Delta Air Lines, Inc. | June 2023 Form 10-Q                                 1

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of

Delta Air Lines, Inc.

Results of Review of Interim Financial Statements

We have reviewed the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Delta Air Lines, Inc. (the Company) as of June 30, 2023, the related condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income/(loss) and consolidated statements of stockholders' equity for the three-month and six-month periods ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "condensed consolidated interim financial statements"). Based on our reviews, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements for them to be in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We have previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheet of the Company as of December 31, 2022, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income/(loss), cash flows, and stockholders' equity for the year then ended, and the related notes (not presented herein); and in our report dated February 10, 2023, we expressed an unqualified audit opinion on those Consolidated Financial Statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022, is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the consolidated balance sheet from which it has been derived.

Basis for Review Results

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") and the PCAOB. We conducted our review in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. A review of interim financial statements consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB, the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.

	/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Atlanta, Georgia
July 13, 2023

Delta Air Lines, Inc. | June 2023 Form 10-Q                                 2

Financial Statements

DELTA AIR LINES, INC.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited)

(in millions, except share data)	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
ASSETS
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	2,668	$	3,266
Short-term investments	3,368		3,268
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for uncollectible accounts of $23 and $23	3,122		3,176
Fuel, expendable parts and supplies inventories, net of allowance for obsolescence of $126 and $136	1,438		1,424
Prepaid expenses and other	2,484		1,877
Total current assets	13,080		13,011
Noncurrent Assets:
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization of $20,655 and $20,370	34,092		33,109
Operating lease right-of-use assets	6,834		7,036
Goodwill	9,753		9,753
Identifiable intangibles, net of accumulated amortization of $906 and $902	5,988		5,992
Equity investments	2,389		2,128
Other noncurrent assets	1,361		1,259
Total noncurrent assets	60,417		59,277
Total assets	$	73,497	$	72,288
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current Liabilities:
Current maturities of debt and finance leases	$	2,065	$	2,359
Current maturities of operating leases	699		714
Air traffic liability	10,422		8,160
Accounts payable	5,114		5,106
Accrued salaries and related benefits	3,340		3,288
Loyalty program deferred revenue	3,824		3,434
Fuel card obligation	1,100		1,100
Other accrued liabilities	1,918		1,779
Total current liabilities	28,482		25,940
Noncurrent Liabilities:
Debt and finance leases	18,140		20,671
Pension, postretirement and related benefits	3,669		3,707
Loyalty program deferred revenue	4,443		4,448
Noncurrent operating leases	6,646		6,866
Other noncurrent liabilities	4,017		4,074
Total noncurrent liabilities	36,915		39,766
Commitments and Contingencies
Stockholders' Equity:
Common stock at $0.0001 par value; 1,500,000,000 shares authorized, 654,572,361 and 651,800,786 shares issued	—		—
Additional paid-in capital	11,578		11,526
Retained earnings	2,569		1,170
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(5,709)		(5,801)
Treasury stock, at cost, 11,153,986 and 10,535,033 shares	(338)		(313)
Total stockholders' equity	8,100		6,582
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	73,497	$	72,288
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Delta Air Lines, Inc. | June 2023 Form 10-Q                                 3

Financial Statements

DELTA AIR LINES, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income/(Loss)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions, except per share data)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Operating Revenue:
Passenger	$	13,205	$	10,958	$	23,616	$	17,865
Cargo	172		272		381		561
Other	2,201		2,594		4,340		4,747
Total operating revenue	15,578		13,824		28,337		23,173
Operating Expense:
Salaries and related costs	3,692		2,955		7,078		5,782
Aircraft fuel and related taxes	2,516		3,223		5,192		5,315
Ancillary businesses and refinery	1,173		1,718		2,298		3,100
Contracted services	994		791		2,004		1,544
Landing fees and other rents	617		546		1,201		1,050
Aircraft maintenance materials and outside repairs	614		522		1,199		988
Passenger commissions and other selling expenses	651		526		1,152		838
Depreciation and amortization	573		510		1,137		1,016
Regional carrier expense	559		528		1,117		1,018
Pilot agreement and related expenses	—		—		864		—
Passenger service	442		369		859		644
Profit sharing	595		54		667		54
Aircraft rent	132		127		264		249
Other	529		436		1,090		840
Total operating expense	13,087		12,305		26,122		22,438
Operating Income	2,491		1,519		2,215		735
Non-Operating Expense:
Interest expense, net	(203)		(269)		(430)		(543)
Gain/(loss) on investments, net	128		(221)		251		(368)
Loss on extinguishment of debt	(29)		(41)		(50)		(66)
Pension and related (expense)/benefit	(61)		73		(122)		145
Miscellaneous, net	(9)		(28)		(52)		(70)
Total non-operating expense, net	(174)		(486)		(403)		(902)
Income/(Loss) Before Income Taxes	2,317		1,033		1,812		(167)
Income Tax Provision	(490)		(298)		(348)		(38)
Net Income/(Loss)	$	1,827	$	735	$	1,464	$	(205)
Basic Earnings/(Loss) Per Share	$	2.86	$	1.15	$	2.29	$	(0.32)
Diluted Earnings/(Loss) Per Share	$	2.84	$	1.15	$	2.28	$	(0.32)
Comprehensive Income/(Loss)	$	1,872	$	798	$	1,556	$	(83)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Delta Air Lines, Inc. | June 2023 Form 10-Q                                 4

Financial Statements

DELTA AIR LINES, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

	Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)	2023		2022
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities	$	4,843	$	4,306
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Property and equipment additions:
Flight equipment, including advance payments	(1,704)		(1,879)
Ground property and equipment, including technology	(748)		(845)
Purchase of short-term investments	(2,011)		(474)
Redemption of short-term investments	1,961		2,289
Purchase of equity investments	—		(100)
Other, net	20		108
Net cash used in investing activities	(2,482)		(901)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Payments on debt and finance lease obligations	(2,986)		(2,395)
Other, net	(24)		(27)
Net cash used in financing activities	(3,010)		(2,422)
Net (Decrease)/Increase in Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash Equivalents	(649)		983
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash equivalents at beginning of period	3,473		8,569
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash equivalents at end of period	$	2,824	$	9,552
Non-Cash Transactions:
Right-of-use assets acquired under operating leases	$	144	$	324
Flight and ground equipment acquired under finance leases	36		81
Operating leases converted to finance leases	43		140
Equity investments and other financings	—		330
The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash equivalents reported within the Consolidated Balance Sheets to the total of the same such amounts shown above:
	June 30,
(in millions)	2023		2022
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	2,668	$	9,221
Restricted cash included in prepaid expenses and other	156		154
Noncurrent assets:
Restricted cash included in other noncurrent assets	—		177
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash equivalents	$	2,824	$	9,552
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Delta Air Lines, Inc. | June 2023 Form 10-Q                                 5

Financial Statements

DELTA AIR LINES, INC.

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity

(Unaudited)

	Common Stock			Additional Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Treasury Stock
(in millions, except per share data)	Shares	Amount								Shares	Amount		Total
Balance at December 31, 2022	652	$	—	$	11,526	$	1,170	$	(5,801)	11	$	(313)	$	6,582
Net loss	—	—		—		(363)		—		—	—		(363)
Other comprehensive income	—	—		—		—		47		—	—		47
Common stock issued for employee equity awards(1)	2	—		18		—		—		—	(24)		(6)
Balance at March 31, 2023	654	$	—	$	11,544	$	807	$	(5,754)	11	$	(337)	$	6,260
Net income	—	—		—		1,827		—		—	—		1,827
Dividends declared	—	—		—		(65)		—		—	—		(65)
Other comprehensive income	—	—		—		—		45		—	—		45
Common stock issued for employee equity awards(1)	1	—		34		—		—		—	(1)		33
Balance at June 30, 2023	655	$	—	$	11,578	$	2,569	$	(5,709)	11	$	(338)	$	8,100

(1)Treasury shares were withheld for payment of taxes, at a weighted average price per share of $39.73 and $36.76 in the March 2023 quarter and June 2023 quarter, respectively.

	Common Stock			Additional Paid-In Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Treasury Stock
(in millions, except per share data)	Shares	Amount								Shares	Amount		Total
Balance at December 31, 2021	650	$	—	$	11,447	$	(148)	$	(7,130)	10	$	(282)	$	3,887
Net loss	—	—		—		(940)		—		—	—		(940)
Other comprehensive income	—	—		—		—		59		—	—		59
Common stock issued for employee equity awards(1)	2	—		15		—		—		1	(30)		(15)
Balance at March 31, 2022	652	$	—	$	11,462	$	(1,088)	$	(7,071)	11	$	(312)	$	2,991
Net income	—	—		—		735		—		—	—		735
Other comprehensive income	—	—		—		—		63		—	—		63
Common stock issued for employee equity awards(1)	—	—		23		—		—		—	(1)		22
Balance at June 30, 2022	652	$	—	$	11,485	$	(353)	$	(7,008)	11	$	(313)	$	3,811

(1)Treasury shares were withheld for payment of taxes, at a weighted average price per share of $41.00 and $38.11 in the March 2022 quarter and June 2022 quarter, respectively.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Delta Air Lines, Inc. | June 2023 Form 10-Q                                 6

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

DELTA AIR LINES, INC.

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

NOTE 1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Delta Air Lines, Inc. and our consolidated subsidiaries, and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP") for interim financial information. Consistent with these requirements, this Form 10-Q does not include all the information required by GAAP for complete financial statements. As a result, this Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying Notes in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Management believes the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements reflect all adjustments, including normal recurring items, considered necessary for a fair statement of results for the interim periods presented.

Due to seasonal variations in the demand for air travel, the volatility of aircraft fuel prices and other factors, operating results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of operating results for the entire year.

We reclassified certain prior period amounts to conform to the current period presentation. Unless otherwise noted, all amounts disclosed are stated before consideration of income taxes.

NOTE 2. REVENUE RECOGNITION

Passenger Revenue

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Ticket	$	11,829	$	9,773	$	21,068	$	15,759
Loyalty travel awards	902		744		1,645		1,287
Travel-related services	474		441		903		819
Passenger revenue	$	13,205	$	10,958	$	23,616	$	17,865

Ticket

We recognized approximately $5.7 billion and $3.3 billion in passenger revenue during the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, that had been recorded in our air traffic liability balance at the beginning of those periods.

As of June 30, 2023, all of our air traffic liability was recorded as a current liability. As of December 31, 2022, our air traffic liability was $8.3 billion, of which $100 million was included in other noncurrent liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheet ("balance sheet").

Loyalty Travel Awards

Our SkyMiles loyalty program allows customers to earn mileage credits ("miles") by flying on Delta, Delta Connection and other airlines that participate in the loyalty program. Loyalty travel awards revenue is related to the redemption of miles for air travel. Customers can also earn miles through participating companies, such as credit card companies, hotels, car rental agencies and ridesharing companies, who purchase miles from us. Our most significant contract to sell miles relates to our co-brand credit card relationship with American Express. During the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, total cash sales from marketing agreements related to our loyalty program were $3.4 billion and $2.6 billion, respectively, which are allocated to travel and other performance obligations.

Delta Air Lines, Inc. | June 2023 Form 10-Q                                 7

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Current Activity of the Loyalty Program. Miles are combined in one homogeneous pool and are not separately identifiable. Therefore, revenue is comprised of miles that were part of the loyalty program deferred revenue balance at the beginning of the period as well as miles that were issued during the period. The timing of mile redemptions can vary widely; however, the majority of miles have historically been redeemed within two years of being earned.

The table below presents the activity of the current and noncurrent loyalty program deferred revenue and includes miles earned through travel and miles sold to participating companies, which are primarily through marketing agreements.

Loyalty program activity
(in millions)	2023		2022
Balance at January 1	$	7,882	$	7,559
Miles earned	2,110		1,558
Miles redeemed for air travel	(1,645)		(1,287)
Miles redeemed for non-air travel and other	(80)		(73)
Balance at June 30	$	8,267	$	7,757

Travel-Related Services

Travel-related services are primarily composed of services performed in conjunction with a passenger’s flight and include baggage fees, administrative fees, and on-board sales.

Other Revenue

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Refinery	$	965	$	1,514	$	1,882	$	2,700
Loyalty program	774		650		1,500		1,221
Ancillary businesses	214		206		445		416
Miscellaneous	248		224		513		410
Other revenue	$	2,201	$	2,594	$	4,340	$	4,747

Refinery. This represents refinery sales to third parties. See Note 9, "Segments," for more information on revenue recognition within our refinery segment.

Loyalty Program. Loyalty program revenue relates to brand usage by third parties and other performance obligations embedded in miles sold, including redemption of miles for non-air travel and other awards. These revenues are mainly derived from the total cash sales from marketing agreements, discussed above.

Ancillary Businesses. Ancillary businesses revenue represents revenues from aircraft maintenance services we provide to third parties and our vacation wholesale operations.

Miscellaneous. Miscellaneous is primarily composed of revenues related to Delta Sky Club lounge access, including access provided to certain American Express cardholders, and codeshare agreements.

Delta Air Lines, Inc. | June 2023 Form 10-Q                                 8

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Revenue by Geographic Region

Operating revenue for the airline segment is recognized in a specific geographic region based on the origin, flight path and destination of each flight segment. A significant portion of the refinery segment's revenues typically consists of fuel sales to support the airline, which is eliminated in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The remaining operating revenue for the refinery segment is included in the domestic region. Our passenger and operating revenue by geographic region is summarized in the following tables:

Passenger revenue by geographic region
	Passenger Revenue
	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Domestic	$	8,944	$	8,318	$	16,538	$	13,881
Atlantic	2,803		1,701		4,047		2,240
Latin America	926		745		2,058		1,425
Pacific	532		194		973		319
Total	$	13,205	$	10,958	$	23,616	$	17,865

Operating revenue by geographic region
	Operating Revenue
	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Domestic	$	10,749	$	10,655	$	20,145	$	18,204
Atlantic	3,178		2,057		4,726		2,833
Latin America	1,037		854		2,317		1,665
Pacific	614		258		1,149		471
Total	$	15,578	$	13,824	$	28,337	$	23,173

NOTE 3. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Assets/(Liabilities) Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

(in millions)	June 30, 2023		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Cash equivalents	$	1,339	$	1,339	$	—	$	—
Restricted cash equivalents	156		156		—		—
Short-term investments
U.S. Government securities	1,498		205		1,293		—
Corporate obligations	1,643		—		1,643		—
Asset-backed securities	120		—		120		—
Other fixed income securities	107		—		107		—
Long-term investments	1,701		1,536		39		126
Fuel hedge contracts	(9)		—		(9)		—

Delta Air Lines, Inc. | June 2023 Form 10-Q                                 9

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(in millions)	December 31, 2022		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Cash equivalents	$	2,021	$	2,021	$	—	$	—
Restricted cash equivalents	206		206		—		—
Short-term investments
U.S. Government securities	1,587		122		1,465		—
Corporate obligations	1,614		—		1,614		—
Other fixed income securities	67		—		67		—
Long-term investments	1,450		1,305		38		107
Fuel hedge contracts	(47)		—		(47)		—

Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash Equivalents. Cash equivalents generally consist of money market funds. Restricted cash equivalents generally consist of money market funds, time deposits, commercial paper and negotiable certificates of deposit, which primarily relate to certain self-insurance obligations and airport commitments. Restricted cash equivalents are recorded in prepaid expenses and other on our balance sheet. The fair value of these cash equivalents is based on a market approach using prices generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets.

Short-Term Investments. The fair values of our short-term investments are based on a market approach using industry standard valuation techniques that incorporate observable inputs such as quoted market prices, interest rates, benchmark curves, credit ratings of the security and other observable information.

As of June 30, 2023, the estimated fair value of our short-term investments was $3.4 billion. Of these investments, $3.1 billion are expected to mature in one year or less, with the remainder maturing by the first quarter of 2025. Investments with maturities beyond one year when purchased are classified as short-term investments if they are expected to be available to support our short-term liquidity needs.

Long-Term Investments. Our long-term investments measured at fair value primarily consist of equity investments, which are valued based on market prices or other observable transactions and inputs, and are recorded in equity investments on our balance sheet. Our equity investments in private companies are classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy as their equity is not traded on a public exchange and our valuations incorporate certain unobservable inputs, including non-public equity issuances. Fair value measurement using unobservable inputs is inherently uncertain, and a change in significant inputs could result in different fair values. See Note 4, "Investments," for further information on our equity investments.

Fuel Hedge Contracts. Our derivative contracts to hedge the financial risk from changing fuel prices are primarily related to inventory at our wholly-owned subsidiary, Monroe Energy, LLC ("Monroe"). Our fuel hedge portfolio may consist of a combination of options, swaps or futures contracts, most of which have a duration of less than three months. Option and swap contracts are valued under income approaches using option pricing models and discounted cash flow models, respectively, based on data either readily observable in public markets, derived from public markets or provided by counterparties who regularly trade in public markets. Futures contracts and options on futures contracts are traded on a public exchange and valued based on quoted market prices. We recognized gains of $12 million and $43 million on our fuel hedge contracts in aircraft fuel and related taxes on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income/(Loss) ("income statement") for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively, compared to losses of $239 million and $478 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively. The gains recognized during the first six months of 2023 were composed of $39 million of mark-to-market gains and $4 million of settlement gains on contracts. Gains and losses on settled contracts are reflected within Monroe's operating results. See Note 9, "Segments," for further information on our Monroe refinery segment.

Delta Air Lines, Inc. | June 2023 Form 10-Q                                 10

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

NOTE 4. INVESTMENTS

We have developed strategic relationships with a number of airlines and airline services companies through joint ventures and other forms of cooperation and support, including equity investments. Our equity investments reinforce our commitment to these relationships and generally enhance our ability to offer input to the investee on strategic issues and direction, in some cases through representation on the board of directors.

Fair Value Investments. Changes in the valuation of investments accounted for at fair value are recorded in gain/(loss) on investments, net in our income statement within non-operating expense and are driven by changes in stock prices, foreign currency fluctuations and other valuation techniques for investments in companies without publicly-traded shares.

Equity Method Investments. We record our share of our equity method investees' financial results in our income statement as described in the table below.

Equity investments ownership interest and carrying value
	Accounting Treatment	Ownership Interest				Carrying Value
(in millions)		June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022		June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Air France-KLM	Fair Value	3	%	3	%	$	138	$	97
China Eastern	Fair Value	2	%	2	%	158		189
CLEAR	Fair Value	5	%	5	%	192		227
Grupo Aeroméxico	Equity Method(1)	20	%	20	%	417		412
Hanjin KAL	Fair Value(2)	15	%	15	%	354		296
LATAM	Fair Value	10	%	10	%	574		403
Unifi Aviation	Equity Method(3)	49	%	49	%	168		165
Wheels Up	Fair Value(4)	21	%	21	%	6		54
Other investments	Various					382		285
Equity investments						$	2,389	$	2,128

(1)Results are included in miscellaneous, net in our income statement under non-operating expense.

(2)At June 30, 2023, we held 14.8% of the outstanding shares (including common and preferred), and 14.9% of the common shares, of Hanjin KAL.

(3)Results are included in contracted services in our income statement as this entity is integral to the operations of our business by providing services at many of our airport locations.

(4)We elected to account for our investment under the fair value option.

Delta Air Lines, Inc. | June 2023 Form 10-Q                                 11

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

NOTE 5. DEBT

Summary of outstanding debt by category
	Maturity			Interest Rate(s) Per Annum at			June 30,		December 31,
(in millions)	Dates			June 30, 2023			2023		2022
Unsecured Payroll Support Program Loans	2030	to	2031	1.00%			$	3,496	$	3,496
Unsecured notes	2024	to	2029	2.90%	to	7.38%	2,590		2,997
Financing arrangements secured by SkyMiles assets:
SkyMiles Notes(1)	2023	to	2028	4.50%	and	4.75%	4,792		5,144
SkyMiles Term Loan(1)(2)	2023	to	2027	8.80%			2,092		2,820
NYTDC Special Facilities Revenue Bonds(1)	2024	to	2045	4.00%	to	5.00%	2,778		2,838
Financing arrangements secured by aircraft:
Certificates(1)	2023	to	2028	2.00%	to	8.00%	1,699		1,802
Notes(1)(2)	2023	to	2033	6.61%	to	7.62%	181		813
Financing arrangements secured by slots, gates and/or routes:
2020 Senior Secured Notes	2025			7.00%			1,040		1,542
2018 Revolving Credit Facility(2)	2024	to	2025	Undrawn			—		—
Other financings(1)(2)	2023	to	2030	2.51%	to	5.00%	67		67
Other revolving credit facilities(2)	2023	to	2024	Undrawn			—		—
Total secured and unsecured debt							$	18,735	$	21,519
Unamortized (discount)/premium and debt issue cost, net and other							(99)		(138)
Total debt							$	18,636	$	21,381
Less: current maturities							(1,766)		(2,055)
Total long-term debt							$	16,870	$	19,326

(1)Due in installments during the years shown above.

(2)Certain financings are comprised of variable rate debt. All variable rates are equal to Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") (generally subject to a floor) or another index rate, plus a specified margin.

Availability Under Revolving Credit Facilities

As of June 30, 2023, we had approximately $2.8 billion undrawn and available under our revolving credit facilities. In addition, we had approximately $400 million outstanding letters of credit as of June 30, 2023 that did not affect the availability of our revolving credit facilities.

Early Settlement of Outstanding Notes

During the six months ended June 30, 2023, we repurchased a principal amount of $1.1 billion of various secured and unsecured notes and a portion of the SkyMiles Term Loan on the open market and made early principal repayments of $585 million on various notes secured by aircraft. These payments resulted in a $50 million loss on extinguishment of debt recorded in non-operating expense in our income statement.

Delta Air Lines, Inc. | June 2023 Form 10-Q                                 12

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Fair Value of Debt

Market risk associated with our fixed- and variable-rate debt relates to the potential reduction in fair value and negative impact to future earnings, respectively, from an increase in interest rates. The fair value of debt shown below is principally based on reported market values, recently completed market transactions and estimates based on interest rates, maturities, credit risk and underlying collateral. Debt is primarily classified as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy.

Fair value of outstanding debt
(in millions)	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Net carrying amount	$	18,636	$	21,381
Fair value	$	18,300	$	20,700

Covenants

Our debt agreements contain various affirmative, negative and financial covenants. We were in compliance with the covenants in our debt agreements at June 30, 2023.

NOTE 6. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS

Employee benefit plans net periodic cost (benefit)
	Pension Benefits				Other Postretirement and Postemployment Benefits
(in millions)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Three Months Ended June 30,
Service cost	$	—	$	—	$	18	$	18
Interest cost	213		153		50		32
Expected return on plan assets	(264)		(330)		—		(4)
Amortization of prior service credit	—		—		(1)		(1)
Recognized net actuarial loss	60		64		3		13
Net periodic cost (benefit)	$	9	$	(113)	$	70	$	58
Six Months Ended June 30,
Service cost	$	—	$	—	$	36	$	35
Interest cost	426		306		100		64
Expected return on plan assets	(528)		(660)		—		(8)
Amortization of prior service credit	—		—		(3)		(3)
Recognized net actuarial loss	119		127		6		28
Net periodic cost (benefit)	$	17	$	(227)	$	139	$	116

Service cost is recorded in salaries and related costs in our income statement, while all other components are recorded within pension and related (expense)/benefit under non-operating expense.

Delta Air Lines, Inc. | June 2023 Form 10-Q                                 13

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

NOTE 7. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Aircraft Purchase Commitments

Our future aircraft purchase commitments totaled approximately $18.5 billion at June 30, 2023.

Aircraft purchase commitments(1)
(in millions)	Total
Six months ending December 31, 2023	$	1,560
2024	3,590
2025	5,340
2026	3,840
2027	2,720
Thereafter	1,420
Total	$	18,470

(1)The timing of these commitments is based on our contractual agreements with the aircraft manufacturers and may be subject to change based on modifications to those agreements or changes in delivery schedules.

Our future aircraft purchase commitments included the following aircraft at June 30, 2023:

Aircraft purchase commitments by fleet type
Aircraft Type	Purchase Commitments
A220-300	70
A321-200neo	120
A330-900neo	17
A350-900	16
B-737-10	100
Total	323

Aircraft Orders

During the June 2023 quarter, we agreed to acquire one A330-900 with delivery expected to occur in 2025. We also exercised purchase rights for 12 A220-300 with delivery expected to start in 2027.

Legal Contingencies

We are involved in various legal proceedings related to employment practices, environmental issues, commercial disputes, antitrust and other regulatory matters concerning our business. We record liabilities for losses from legal proceedings when we determine that it is probable that the outcome in a legal proceeding will be unfavorable and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. Although the outcome of the legal proceedings in which we are involved cannot be predicted with certainty, we believe that the resolution of current matters will not have a material adverse effect on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Employees Under Collective Bargaining Agreements

In the March 2023 quarter, Delta pilots ratified a new four-year Pilot Working Agreement effective January 1, 2023. The agreement includes numerous work rule changes and pay rate increases during the four-year term, including an initial pay rate increase of 18%. The agreement also includes a provision for a one-time payment made upon ratification in the March 2023 quarter of $735 million. Additionally, we recorded adjustments to other benefit-related items of approximately $130 million. These items are recorded within pilot agreement and related expenses in our income statement.

Delta Air Lines, Inc. | June 2023 Form 10-Q                                 14

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

NOTE 8. ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

Components of accumulated other comprehensive loss
(in millions)	Pension and Other Benefit Liabilities		Other		Tax Effect		Total
Balance at January 1, 2023	$	(6,624)	$	41	$	782	$	(5,801)
Changes in value	—		(3)		1		(2)
Reclassifications into earnings(1)	122		—		(28)		94
Balance at June 30, 2023	$	(6,502)	$	38	$	755	$	(5,709)

Balance at January 1, 2022	$	(8,355)	$	41	$	1,184	$	(7,130)
Reclassifications into earnings(1)	159		—		(37)		122
Balance at June 30, 2022	$	(8,196)	$	41	$	1,147	$	(7,008)

(1)Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss for pension and other benefit liabilities are recorded in pension and related (expense)/benefit in non-operating expense in our income statement.

Delta Air Lines, Inc. | June 2023 Form 10-Q                                 15

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

NOTE 9. SEGMENTS

Refinery Operations

Our refinery segment operates for the benefit of the airline segment by providing jet fuel to the airline segment from its own production and from jet fuel obtained through agreements with third parties. The refinery's production consists of jet fuel, as well as non-jet fuel products. We use several counterparties to exchange the non-jet fuel products produced by the refinery for jet fuel consumed in our airline operations. The gross fair value of the products exchanged under these agreements during the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 was $618 million and $1.3 billion, respectively, compared to $1.0 billion and $1.8 billion for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively.

Segment Reporting

Segment results are prepared based on our internal accounting methods described below, with reconciliations to consolidated amounts in accordance with GAAP. Our segments are not designed to measure operating income or loss directly related to the products and services included in each segment on a stand-alone basis.

Financial information by segment
(in millions)	Airline		Refinery			Intersegment Sales/Other			Consolidated
Three Months Ended June 30, 2023
Operating revenue:	$	14,613	$	2,037					$	15,578
Sales to airline segment						$	(365)	(1)
Exchanged products						(618)		(2)
Sales of refined products						(89)
Depreciation and amortization	573		23			(23)		(3)	573
Operating income	2,447		44		(3)	—			2,491
Interest expense, net	203		3			(3)			203
Total assets, end of period	70,265		3,309			(77)			73,497
Capital expenditures	1,422		30			—			1,452
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
Operating revenue:	$	12,310	$	3,353					$	13,824
Sales to airline segment						$	(761)	(1)
Exchanged products						(982)		(2)
Sales of refined products						(96)
Depreciation and amortization	510		23			(23)		(3)	510
Operating income	1,250		269		(3)	—			1,519
Interest expense, net	269		2			(2)			269
Total assets, end of period	71,766		3,065			(26)			74,805
Net fair value obligations, end of period	—		(556)			—			(556)
Capital expenditures	928		30			—			958

(1)Represents transfers, valued on a market price basis, from the refinery to the airline segment for use in airline operations. We determine market price for jet fuel from the refinery by reference to the market index for the primary delivery location, which is New York Harbor.

(2)Represents value of products delivered under our exchange agreements, as discussed above, determined on a market price basis.

(3)Refinery segment operating results, including depreciation and amortization, are included within aircraft fuel and related taxes in our income statement.

Delta Air Lines, Inc. | June 2023 Form 10-Q                                 16

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Financial information by segment
(in millions)	Airline		Refinery			Intersegment Sales/Other			Consolidated
Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
Operating revenue:	$	26,455	$	4,388					$	28,337
Sales to airline segment						$	(961)	(1)
Exchanged products						(1,330)		(2)
Sales of refined products						(215)
Depreciation and amortization	1,137		46			(46)		(3)	1,137
Operating income	1,949		266		(3)	—			2,215
Interest expense, net	430		8			(8)			430
Capital expenditures	2,393		59			—			2,452
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
Operating revenue:	$	20,473	$	5,666					$	23,173
Sales to airline segment						$	(1,053)	(1)
Exchanged products						(1,791)		(2)
Sales of refined products						(122)
Depreciation and amortization	1,016		47			(47)		(3)	1,016
Operating income	412		323		(3)	—			735
Interest expense, net	543		4			(4)			543
Capital expenditures	2,676		48			—			2,724

(1)Represents transfers, valued on a market price basis, from the refinery to the airline segment for use in airline operations. We determine market price for jet fuel from the refinery by reference to the market index for the primary delivery location, which is New York Harbor.

(2)Represents value of products delivered under our exchange agreements, as discussed above, determined on a market price basis.

(3)Refinery segment operating results, including depreciation and amortization, are included within aircraft fuel and related taxes in our income statement.

Fair Value Obligations

The net fair value obligations presented in the table above are related to renewable fuel compliance costs and presented net of any related assets or fixed price purchase agreements. Their value is based on quoted market prices and other observable information and are therefore classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. As of June 30, 2023 we had no net fair value obligation outstanding. Our obligation is calculated using the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's ("EPA") Renewable Fuel Standard ("RFS") volume requirements, which were finalized in 2022 for the 2021 and 2022 obligations, and proposed in 2022 for 2023 obligations. In the March 2023 quarter, we settled a portion of our 2021 Renewable Identification Numbers ("RINs") obligation with the EPA. We expect to settle the remaining 2021 and our entire 2022 RINs obligation by the 2022 compliance deadline in the December 2023 quarter.

Delta Air Lines, Inc. | June 2023 Form 10-Q                                 17

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

NOTE 10. EARNINGS/(LOSS) PER SHARE

We calculate basic earnings/(loss) per share and diluted loss per share by dividing net income/(loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding, excluding restricted shares. We calculate diluted earnings per share by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding plus the dilutive effect of outstanding share-based instruments, including stock options, restricted stock awards and warrants. Antidilutive common stock equivalents excluded from the diluted earnings per share calculation are not material. The following table shows the computation of basic and diluted earnings/(loss) per share:

Basic and diluted earnings/(loss) per share
	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions, except per share data)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Net income/(loss)	$	1,827	$	735	$	1,464	$	(205)
Basic weighted average shares outstanding	639		638		639		638
Dilutive effect of share-based instruments	3		3		3		—
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding	642		641		642		638
Basic earnings/(loss) per share	$	2.86	$	1.15	$	2.29	$	(0.32)
Diluted earnings/(loss) per share	$	2.84	$	1.15	$	2.28	$	(0.32)

Delta Air Lines, Inc. | June 2023 Form 10-Q                                 18

Item 2. MD&A

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes and other financial information included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our audited Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes included in our 2022 Form 10-K.

June 2023 Quarter Financial Highlights

Our operating income for the June 2023 quarter improved $972 million compared to the June 2022 quarter to $2.5 billion for the reasons discussed below.

Revenue. Compared to the June 2022 quarter, our total revenue increased $1.8 billion, or 13%, due primarily to strength in the demand for travel and a 17% increase in capacity. Total revenue, adjusted (a non-GAAP financial measure) to exclude refinery sales to third parties, increased in the June 2023 quarter by $2.3 billion, or 19%, compared to the June 2022 quarter.

Operating Expense. Total operating expense in the June 2023 quarter increased $782 million, or 6%, compared to the June 2022 quarter, primarily due to the impact of higher capacity as well as higher employee costs from increased wages and profit sharing, partially offset by lower fuel expense. Total operating expense, adjusted (a non-GAAP financial measure) in the June 2023 quarter increased $1.3 billion, or 12%, compared to the June 2022 quarter. Adjustments were primarily to exclude expenses related to refinery sales to third parties.

Our total operating cost per available seat mile ("CASM") decreased 9% compared to the June 2022 quarter, primarily due to decreased fuel expense and expenses related to refinery sales to third parties on a 17% increase in capacity. Non-fuel unit costs ("CASM-Ex", a non-GAAP financial measure) increased 2.4%.

Cash Flow. Our cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments and aggregate undrawn principal amount available under our revolving credit facilities ("liquidity") as of June 30, 2023 was $8.8 billion. During the June 2023 quarter, operating activities generated $2.6 billion. Also, during the quarter, cash flows used in investing activities were a net of $1.4 billion, primarily for capital expenditures. These operating and investing activities generated $1.1 billion of free cash flow (a non-GAAP financial measure) in the June 2023 quarter. Additionally, we had cash outflows of approximately $1.8 billion related to repayments of our debt and finance leases.

Total cash sales to American Express were $1.7 billion in the June 2023 quarter, an increase of approximately 22% compared to the June 2022 quarter.

The non-GAAP financial measure referenced above for total revenue, adjusted, operating expense, adjusted, CASM-Ex and free cash flow are defined and reconciled in "Supplemental Information" below.

Delta Air Lines, Inc. | June 2023 Form 10-Q                                 19

Item 2. MD&A - Results of Operations

Results of Operations - Three Months Ended June 30, 2023 and 2022

Total Operating Revenue

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Increase (Decrease)			% Increase (Decrease)
(in millions)(1)	2023			2022
Ticket - Main cabin	$	6,694		$	5,664		$	1,030		18	%
Ticket - Premium products	5,135			4,109			1,026			25	%
Loyalty travel awards	902			744			158			21	%
Travel-related services	474			441			33			7	%
Passenger revenue	$	13,205		$	10,958		$	2,247		21	%
Cargo	172			272			(100)			(37)	%
Other	2,201			2,594			(393)			(15)	%
Total operating revenue	$	15,578		$	13,824		$	1,754		13	%
TRASM (cents)	22.58		¢	23.47		¢	(0.89)		¢	(4)	%
Third-party refinery sales	(1.40)			(2.57)			1.17			(46)	%
TRASM, adjusted(2)	21.18		¢	20.90		¢	0.28		¢	1	%

(1)Total amounts in the table above may not calculate exactly due to rounding.

(2)TRASM, adjusted is a non-GAAP financial measure. For additional information on adjustments to TRASM, see "Supplemental Information" below.

Compared to the June 2022 quarter, our total revenue increased $1.8 billion, or 13%, due primarily to strength in travel demand on a 17% increase in capacity, with growth in revenue from premium products outpacing main cabin. This increase was partially offset by a decline in third-party refinery sales recorded in other revenue. See "Refinery Segment" below for additional details on the refinery's operations, including third party refinery sales. The increase in total revenue, in conjunction with a larger increase in capacity, resulted in a 4% decrease in total revenue per available seat mile ("TRASM").

Passenger Revenue by Geographic Region

			Increase (Decrease) vs. Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
(in millions)	Three Months Ended June 30, 2023		Passenger Revenue		RPMs (Traffic)		ASMs (Capacity)		Passenger Mile Yield		PRASM		Load Factor
Domestic	$	8,944	8	%	7	%	9	%	—	%	(1)	%	(1)	pt
Atlantic	2,803		65	%	41	%	35	%	17	%	22	%	4	pts
Latin America	926		24	%	12	%	7	%	11	%	16	%	4	pts
Pacific	532		175	%	175	%	113	%	—	%	29	%	19	pts
Total	$	13,205	21	%	18	%	17	%	2	%	3	%	1	pt

Domestic

Domestic passenger revenue increased 8% in the June 2023 quarter compared to the June 2022 quarter on a 9% increase in capacity and a slight decrease in load factor, with domestic business travel revenue improving compared to the June 2022 quarter.

International

International passenger revenue for the June 2023 quarter increased compared to the June 2022 quarter in each geographic region. In June 2022, the United States lifted its COVID-19 testing requirement for international travel, which has had a positive impact on international demand. In addition, other countries in our network have removed travel restrictions since that time, resulting in revenue improvement across all international regions.

U.S. consumers continue to show a strong desire for trans-Atlantic travel, driving up revenue during the June 2023 quarter on 35% capacity growth. This demand for travel has been led by leisure destinations in southern Europe and premium product load factor.

Delta Air Lines, Inc. | June 2023 Form 10-Q                                 20