10-K 1 a08-24871_110k.htm 10-K

Table of Contents

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 


 

FORM 10-K

 

x Annual report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007

 

OR

 

o Transition report under Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for the transition period from                                to                             .

 

Commission file number  0-8707

 

NATURE’S SUNSHINE PRODUCTS, INC.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Utah

 

87-0327982

(State or other jurisdiction of

 

(IRS Employer

incorporation or organization)

 

Identification No.)

 

75 East 1700 South

Provo, Utah 84606

(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)

 

(801) 342-4300

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

None

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Common Stock, no par value.

 


 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes o No x.

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes o No x.

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has (1) filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes o No x.

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer o

 

Accelerated filer x

 

 

 

Non-accelerated filer (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) o

 

Smaller reporting company o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes o No x.

 

The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant on June 30, 2008 was approximately $82,797,216 based on the closing price of $6.75 as quoted by the National Quotation Bureau’s Pink Sheets on June 30, 2008

 

The number of shares of Common Stock, no par value, outstanding on June 30, 2008 is 15,510,159 shares.

 

Documents Incorporated by Reference:  For items incorporated by reference, see List of Exhibits in Item 15 of this Form 10-K.

 

 

 



Table of Contents

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

PART 1

 

5

 

 

 

ITEM 1.

BUSINESS

5

 

 

 

ITEM 1A.

RISK FACTORS

9

 

 

 

ITEM 1B.

UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

16

 

 

 

ITEM 2.

PROPERTIES

16

 

 

 

ITEM 3.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

16

 

 

 

ITEM 4.

SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

18

 

 

 

PART II

 

19

 

 

 

ITEM 5.

MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

19

 

 

 

ITEM 7.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

23

 

 

 

ITEM 7A.

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

32

 

 

 

ITEM 8.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

34

 

 

 

ITEM 9.

CHANGE IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

64

 

 

 

ITEM 9A.

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

65

 

 

 

ITEM 9B.

OTHER EVENTS

74

 

 

 

PART III

 

74

 

 

 

ITEM 10.

DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

74

 

 

 

ITEM 11.

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

77

 

 

 

ITEM 12.

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

87

 

 

 

ITEM 13.

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

87

 

 

 

ITEM 14.

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES.

88

 

 

 

PART IV

 

90

 

 

 

ITEM 15.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES, EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K

90

 

 

 

SIGNATURES

91

 

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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

Certain information included or incorporated by reference in this report may be deemed to be “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements may include, but are not limited to, statements relating to our objectives, plans and strategies. All statements (other than statements of historical fact) that address activities, events or developments that we intend, expect, project, believe or anticipate will or may occur in the future are forward-looking statements. These statements are often characterized by terminology such as “believe,” “hope,” “may,” “anticipate,” “should,” “intend,” “plan,” “will,” “expect,” “estimate,” “project,” “positioned,” “strategy” and similar expressions, and are based on assumptions and assessments made by management in light of their experience and their perception of historical trends, current conditions, expected future developments and other factors they believe to be appropriate. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks and uncertainties. Important factors that could cause actual results, developments and business decisions to differ materially from forward-looking statements are described in this report, including the risks set forth under “Risk Factors” in Item 1A.

 

Throughout this report, we refer to Nature’s Sunshine Products, Inc., together with its subsidiaries, as “we,” “us,” “our Company” or “the Company.”

 

EXPLANATORY NOTE

 

Internal Investigation

 

As previously announced, in October 2005, the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors (our “Audit Committee”) commenced an internal investigation regarding certain sales and commission activities involving certain of our foreign operations. The investigation was subsequently expanded to include other matters related to our consolidated financial statements. The Audit Committee engaged a nationally-recognized independent law firm to assist in the investigation and the law firm, in turn, engaged a nationally-recognized independent public accounting firm to provide further assistance. The internal investigation was overseen by a Special Committee comprised of one independent member of the Audit Committee and an outside independent consultant, who later became a director and independent member of the Audit Committee. On March 15, 2006, the Audit Committee received an oral preliminary report on the findings of the investigation through that date (the “Preliminary Report”). Based on issues raised in the Preliminary Report, on March 15, 2006, the Audit Committee determined that the financial statements filed with the SEC in connection with the following previously issued reports of the Company should not be relied upon:

 

(i) Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for each of the first three fiscal quarters of 2005;

 

(ii) Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004 (which includes financial statements as of December 31, 2004 and 2003 and for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002); and

 

(iii) Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for each of the first three fiscal quarters of 2004, 2003 and 2002.

 

Change in Certifying Accountant

 

As previously announced, on March 31, 2006, we received a letter from KPMG LLP (“KPMG”) pursuant to which KPMG resigned as our independent registered public accounting firm. Following KPMG’s resignation, we began the process of obtaining a new independent registered public accounting firm. On February 2, 2007, our Audit Committee engaged Deloitte & Touche LLP (“Deloitte”) to serve as our independent registered public accounting firm.

 

Failure to Report and Delisting

 

Due primarily to the dedication of a substantial amount of our resources to the review and assessment of information we received in the course of the internal investigation described above, we have been unable to prepare and file periodic reports for periods ending on or after December 31, 2005 as required by the Exchange Act. As a result of

 

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our inability to file such reports, on April 5, 2006, the Nasdaq Listing Qualifications Panel determined to delist our common stock from The Nasdaq National Market.

 

Since April 2006, our common stock has been listed on the Pink Sheets. We intend to seek to be re-listed on a securities exchange when we become current in our financial reporting. There can be no assurance regarding our ability to satisfy the standards for listing on an exchange or that an exchange will approve our listing. Nor can there be any assurance at this time when the re-listing would occur. Continuing to be quoted only on Pink Sheets could adversely affect the trading market—and potentially the market price—of our common stock.

 

Preceding the filing of this report, we filed the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006.  We are currently preparing and expect to file the following reports with the SEC subsequent to the filing of this Report:  Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarterly periods ended March 31, and June 30, 2008.

 

Legal Proceedings

 

On July 12, 2007, we announced that the SEC had instituted an administrative proceeding pursuant to Section 12(j) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“the Exchange Act”), to suspend or revoke the registration of our common stock under Section 12 of the Exchange Act. On November 8, 2007, an administrative law judge in an administrative proceeding issued an Initial Decision to revoke the registration of our common stock because of our failure to file required periodic reports. Shortly thereafter, we filed a petition for review with the SEC. On December 5, 2007, the SEC granted our petition for review. The SEC had scheduled oral argument regarding the Company’s petition on October 1, 2008. The SEC has now rescheduled the oral argument for an unspecified future date. We cannot predict the outcome of such review at this time. The Initial Decision of the administrative law judge will not become effective prior to the completion of the SEC’s review. We cannot predict what, if any, impact the SEC’s ultimate determination may have on our financial statements or the materiality of such impact, if any. If a final order is issued by the SEC revoking the registration of our common stock, broker-dealers would not be permitted to effect transactions in shares of our common stock until we file a new registration with the SEC under the Exchange Act and that registration is made effective.

 

Given the significant delay in the filing of our annual report on Form 10-K for 2007, certain amounts and discussions, as indicated, have been updated to include relevant 2008 and current information as far as practicable to do so.

 

Restatement of Previously Issued Financial Statements

 

On October 6, 2008, the Company restated its previously filed consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2004 and its previously reported December 31, 2003 consolidated common stock, treasury stock, retained earnings, and accumulated other comprehensive loss to recognize corrected items that relate to periods prior to January 1, 2004. The restatement of our 2004 financial statements reflect changes resulting from errors identified from Management’s comprehensive review of its accounting policies, practices, and financial records, including matters identified by the independent investigation, as discussed above. The Company used all available information in determining the impact of adjustments identified as a result of Management’s review. The restatement is discussed in greater detail in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, filed on October 6, 2008.

 

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PART 1

 

Item 1. Business

 

The Company

 

Nature’s Sunshine Products, Inc., founded in 1972 and incorporated in Utah in 1976, together with our subsidiaries, is primarily engaged in the manufacturing and marketing of nutritional and personal care products. We sell our products worldwide to a sales force of independent Distributors who use the products themselves or resell them to other Distributors or consumers.

 

Our operations are conducted in the United States as well as in various other countries. Our subsidiaries are located in Mexico, Central America, Canada, Venezuela, Dominican Republic, Japan, Ecuador, the United Kingdom, Colombia, Peru, Israel, Russia, Ukraine, Latvia, Lithuania, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Belarus, China, Poland and Brazil. We export our products to several other countries, including Argentina, Australia, Chile, New Zealand and Norway.

 

We also sell our products through a separate division, Synergy Worldwide. Synergy Worldwide sells products in the United States, Japan, South Korea, Singapore, Thailand, Taiwan, Malaysia, Hong Kong, Philippines, Indonesia, the United Kingdom, Germany, Austria, the Netherlands and Australia.

 

Our principal executive office is located at 75 East 1700 South, Provo, Utah 84606. Our telephone number is (801) 342-4300 and our Internet website address is http://www.natr.com. We make available free of charge on our website our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, our Current Reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports, filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as soon as practicable after we electronically file these documents with, or furnish them to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).

 

Financial Information by Business Segment

 

We are principally engaged in one line of business; namely, manufacturing and marketing nutritional and personal care products. We conduct our business through three operating business segments. Two of the operating business segments operate under the Nature’s Sunshine Products name and are based on geographic operations: a United States segment (“NSP United States”) and an international segment (“NSP International”). Our third operating business segment is Synergy Worldwide, a division that was acquired in 2000. Synergy Worldwide offers products with formulations different from those of the Nature’s Sunshine Products offerings. In addition, Synergy Worldwide’s marketing and Distributor compensation plans are sufficiently different from those of Nature’s Sunshine Products. Information by business segment for each of our last three fiscal years for sales revenue and operating income, and information by business segment as of the end of our last two fiscal years for identifiable assets, are set forth in Note 14 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Item 8 of this Report.

 

Products and Manufacturing

 

Our line of over 700 products includes herbal products, vitamins and mineral supplements, personal care, nutritional drinks, and miscellaneous other products. We purchase herbs and other raw materials in bulk and, after quality control testing, formulate, encapsulate, tablet or concentrate, and package them for shipment. Most of our products are manufactured at our facility in Spanish Fork, Utah. Contract manufacturers produce some of our personal care and other miscellaneous products for us in accordance with our specifications and standards. We have implemented stringent quality control procedures to verify that the contract manufacturers have complied with our specifications and standards. Our product lines are described below.

 

Herbal Products

 

We manufacture a wide selection of herbal products, which are sold in the form of capsules or tablets. These capsules or tablets contain herb powder or a combination of two or more herb powders. We also produce both single

 

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herbs and herb combinations in the form of liquid herbs and extracts. Liquid herbs are manufactured by concentrating herb constituents in a vegetable glycerin base. Extracts are created by dissolving powdered herbs into liquid solvents that separate the key elements of the herbs from the fibrous plant material. For the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005, herbal products accounted for approximately 52.9, 54.0, and 53.7 percent of net sales revenue, respectively.

 

Vitamins and Mineral Supplements

 

We manufacture a wide variety of single vitamins, which are sold in the form of chewable or non-chewable tablets. We also manufacture several multiple vitamins and mineral supplements, including a line containing natural antioxidants. Generally, mineral supplements are sold in the form of tablets; however, certain minerals are offered only in liquid form. For the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005, vitamin and mineral supplements accounted for approximately 41.6, 40.3, and 40.5 percent of net sales revenue, respectively.

 

Personal Care Products

 

We manufacture or contract with independent manufacturers to supply a variety of personal care products for external use, including oils and lotions, aloe vera gel, herbal shampoo, herbal skin treatment, toothpaste, and skin cleanser. For the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005, personal care products accounted for approximately 2.3, 2.4, and 2.5 percent of net sales revenue, respectively.

 

Other Products

 

We manufacture or contract with independent manufacturers to supply a variety of other products, including a variety of nutritional drinks, homeopathic products, and powders. For the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005, other products accounted for approximately 3.2, 3.3, and 3.3 percent of net sales revenue, respectively.

 

Distribution and Marketing

 

Our independent Distributors (as hereinafter defined) market our products to consumers through direct-selling techniques, as well as sponsor other Distributors. We seek to motivate and provide incentives to our independent Distributors by offering high quality products and providing our Distributors with product support, training seminars, sales conventions, travel programs, and financial benefits.

 

Our products sold in the United States are shipped directly from our manufacturing and warehouse facilities located in Spanish Fork, Utah, as well as from our regional warehouses located in Columbus, Ohio; Dallas, Texas; and Atlanta, Georgia. Each international operation maintains warehouse facilities with inventory to supply its customers.

 

Demand for our products is created primarily from our independent Distributors. As of June 30, 2008, we had approximately 718,500 active Distributors worldwide, which included approximately 227,000 Distributors in the United States. A person who joins our independent sales force begins as a “Distributor”. An individual can become a Distributor by signing up under the sponsorship of someone who is already a Distributor. Each Distributor is required to renew his/her distributorship on a yearly basis; our experience indicates that approximately 45 percent of our Distributors renew annually. Many Distributors sell our products on a part-time basis to friends or associates or use the products themselves. A Distributor interested in earning additional income by committing more time and effort to selling our products may earn “Manager” status. Manager status is contingent upon attaining certain purchase volume levels, recruiting additional Distributors, and demonstrating leadership abilities. We had approximately 26,800 Managers worldwide as of June 30, 2008, including approximately 7,600 Managers in the United States. Managers resell our products to Distributors within their sales group, sell our products directly to consumers, or use the products themselves. Historically, approximately 60 percent of Distributors appointed as Managers have continued to maintain that status annually.

 

In the United States, we generally sell our products on a cash or credit card basis. From time to time, our United States operation extends short-term credit associated with product promotions. For certain of our international operations, we use independent distribution centers and offer credit terms which are generally consistent with industry standards within each respective country.

 

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We pay sales commissions (“Volume Incentives”) to our Managers and Distributors based upon the amount of sales group product purchases. Generally, a portion of these Volume Incentives are paid to the applicable Manager as a rebate for product purchases made by the Manager and the Manager’s down-line Distributors. The remaining portion of these Volume Incentives is paid in the form of commissions for purchases made by the Manager’s down-line Distributors. The amounts of Volume Incentives that we paid during the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005 are set forth in our Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this report. In addition to the opportunity to receive Volume Incentives, Managers who qualify by attaining certain levels of monthly product purchases are eligible for additional incentive programs including automobile allowances, sales convention privileges, and travel.

 

Source and Availability of Raw Materials

 

Raw materials used in the manufacture of our products are generally available from a number of suppliers. To date, we have not experienced any major difficulty in obtaining adequate sources of supply. We attempt to ensure the availability of many of our raw materials by contracting, in advance, for our annual requirements. In the past, we have found alternative sources of raw materials when needed. Although there can be no assurance we will be successful in locating such sources in the future, we believe we will be able to do so.

 

Trademarks and Trade Names

 

We have obtained trademark registrations of our basic trademark, “Nature’s Sunshine”, and the landscape logo for all of our Nature’s Sunshine product lines. We have also obtained trademark registrations for “Synergy” for all of our Synergy product lines. We hold trademark registrations in the United States and in many other countries. Our customers’ recognition and association of our brands and trademarks with quality is an important element of our operating strategy.

 

Seasonality

 

Our business does not reflect significant seasonality.

 

Inventories

 

In order to provide a high level of product availability to our independent Distributors and Managers, we maintain a considerable inventory of raw materials in the United States and of finished goods in every country in which we sell our products. Due to different regulatory requirements across the countries in which we sell our products, our finished goods inventories reflect product labels and sometimes product formulations specific for each country. Our inventories are subject to obsolescence due to finite shelf lives.

 

Dependence Upon Customers

 

We are not dependent upon a single customer or a few customers, the loss of which we believe would have a material adverse effect on our business.

 

Backlog

 

We typically ship orders for our products within 24 hours after receipt. As a result, we have not historically experienced significant backlogs.

 

Competition

 

Our products are sold in competition with other companies, some of which have greater sales volumes and financial resources than we do, and which sell brands that are, through advertising and promotions, better known to consumers. We compete in the nutritional and personal care industry against companies which sell through retail stores as well as against other direct selling companies. For example, we compete against manufacturers and retailers of nutritional and personal care products, which are distributed through supermarkets, drug stores, health food stores, discount stores, etc. In addition to competition with these manufacturers and retailers, we compete for product sales and independent Distributors with many other direct sales companies, including Herbalife, Pharmanex (NuSkin), USANA, Shaklee,

 

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Mannatech and Amway. The principal competitors in the retail encapsulated and tableted herbal products market include Nature’s Way, NOW, Rexall Sundown, and Nutraceuticals. We believe that the principal components of competition in the direct sales marketing of nutritional and personal care products are quality, price, and brand recognition. In addition, the recruitment, training, travel, and financial incentives for the independent sales force are important factors.

 

Research and Development

 

We conduct research and development activities at our manufacturing facility located in Spanish Fork, Utah. Our principal emphasis in our research and development activities is the development of new products and the enhancement of existing products. The amount, excluding capital expenditures, spent on research and development activities was approximately $1.9 million in 2007 and 2006, and $1.8 million in 2005, respectively. During the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007, we did not contract for any third-party research and development.

 

Compliance with Environmental Laws and Regulations

 

The nature of our business has not required any material capital expenditures to comply with federal, state, or local provisions enacted or adopted regulating the discharge of materials into the environment. No material expenditures to meet such provisions are anticipated. Such regulatory provisions have not had any material effect upon our results of operations or competitive position.

 

Regulation

 

The formulation, manufacturing, packaging, labeling, advertising, distribution and sale of each of our major product groups are subject to regulation by one or more governmental agencies. The most active of these is the Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”), which regulates our products under the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (“FDCA”) and regulations promulgated thereunder. The FDCA defines the terms “food” and “dietary supplement” and sets forth various conditions that unless complied with may constitute adulteration or misbranding of such products. The FDCA has been amended several times with respect to dietary supplements, most recently by the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act of 1990 (the “NLEA”) and the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 (the “DSHEA”).

 

FDA regulations relating specifically to foods and dietary supplements for human use are set forth in Title 21 of the Code of Federal Regulations. These regulations include basic labeling requirements for both foods and dietary supplements. Additionally, Good Manufacturing Practices (“GMPs”) exist for both foods and dietary supplements. The GMPs for dietary supplements became effective August 27, 2007 with a phase-in compliance date of June 2008 for companies with more than 500 employees.

 

Our products are also regulated by the Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”), the Consumer Product Safety Commission (“CPSC”), the United States Department of Agriculture (“USDA”), and the Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”). Our activities, including our multi-level distribution activities, are also regulated by various agencies of the states, localities, and foreign countries in which our products are sold.

 

Employees

 

The number of individuals we employed as of June 30, 2008 was 1,177. We believe that our relations with our employees are satisfactory.

 

International Operations

 

A significant portion of our net sales are concentrated within the United States, which represents 41.7 percent of net sales in 2007. Outside of the United States, Japan continues to be our largest market, representing 12.4 percent of net sales during 2007. As we continue to expand internationally, our operating results will likely become more sensitive to economic and political conditions in foreign markets, as well as to foreign currency fluctuations.

 

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Year Ended December 31,

 

2007

 

2006

 

2005

 

Sales Revenue:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

United States

 

$

152,943

 

41.7

%

$

157,132

 

43.4

%

$

158,052

 

44.9

%

Foreign

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Japan

 

45,554

 

12.4

 

52,301

 

14.4

 

55,540

 

15.8

 

Russia

 

34,314

 

9.4

 

28,394

 

7.8

 

23,710

 

6.8

 

Other

 

133,836

 

36.5

 

124,395

 

34.4

 

114,382

 

32.5

 

Total Foreign

 

213,704

 

58.3

 

205,090

 

56.6

 

193,632

 

55.1

 

 

 

$

366,647

 

100.0

%

$

362,222

 

100.0

%

$

351,684

 

100.0

%

 

Our sales of nutritional and personal care products are established internationally in Japan, Mexico, Central America, Canada, Venezuela, South Korea, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, the United Kingdom, Colombia, Thailand, Peru, Singapore, Israel, Brazil, Taiwan, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, Hong Kong, China, Poland, Russia, Ukraine, Latvia, Lithuania, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Belarus, Germany, the Netherlands, Austria, and Australia. We also export our products to numerous other countries, including Argentina, Chile, New Zealand, and Norway.

 

Our international operations are conducted in a manner we believe is comparable with those conducted in the United States; however, in order to conform to local variations, economic realities, market customs, consumer habits, and regulatory environments, differences may exist in the products and in the distribution and marketing programs.

 

Our international operations are subject to many of the same risks faced by our United States operations, including competition and the strength of the local economy. In addition, our international operations are subject to certain risks inherent in carrying on business abroad, including foreign regulatory restrictions, fluctuations in monetary exchange rates, import-export controls and the economic and political policies of foreign governments. The significance of these risks increases as our international operations continue to expand. A significant portion of our long-lived assets are located in the United States, Mexico and Venezuela.

 

Item 1A. Risk Factors

 

You should carefully consider the following risks in evaluating our Company and our business. In addition, you should keep in mind that the risks described below are not the only risks that we face. The risks described below are the risks that we currently believe are material to our business. However, additional risks not presently known to us, or risks that we currently believe are not material, may also impair our business operations. You should also refer to the other information set forth in this report, including the information set forth in “Business” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” as well as our consolidated financial statements and the related notes. Our business prospects, financial condition, or results of operations could be adversely affected by any of the following risks. If we are adversely affected by such risks, then the trading price of our common stock could decline.

 

Risk Factors Related to Delayed Financial Reporting

 

The delay in reporting our financial statements and related events has had, and will continue to have, a material adverse effect on us.

 

Because of the delay in completing our financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005, and our restatement of prior period financial statements, we have been unable to timely file our required periodic reports with the SEC. This report is being filed after it was due. We have not filed any Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q since November 2005, we were not able to timely file our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007 or our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, 2008, and June 30, 2008. As a result of these events, we have become subject to significant risks and occurrences relating to the following matters, which are described in more detail below:

 

·                  Revocation of our registration under the Exchange Act;

·                  Limitations on access to public capital markets;

 

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·                  Inability of our common stock to trade on a recognized exchange and potential inability to re-list on a recognized exchange;

·                  Inability of registered broker-dealers to effect trades in our outstanding stock;

·                  Impact of material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting;

·                  Potential changes in tax liabilities; and

·                  Outcome of civil litigation.

 

We cannot register securities for a public offering or acquisitions until we are current in our financial reporting with the SEC. We also will be unable to repurchase our common stock until we are current in our financial reporting with the SEC.

 

United States securities laws require that we supply current annual and quarterly financial statements in order for us to be able to register securities for a public offering or an acquisition. Our ability to register securities for a public offering or an acquisition will depend upon retaining our registration under the Exchange Act. If we succeed in doing so, we believe we will be able to register securities for public offerings and acquisitions after we become current. However, we will be ineligible to use “short-form” registration that allows us to incorporate by reference our SEC reports into our registration statements or to use shelf registration until we have filed all of our periodic reports in a timely manner for a period of twelve months. This could increase the costs of selling securities publicly and could significantly delay such sales. We will also be unable to engage in other transactions involving our common stock, including a stock repurchase, until we have become current in our financial reporting.

 

We have had material weaknesses in our internal controls over financial reporting.

 

As discussed in Item 9A of this report, Controls and Procedures, our management team for financial reporting, under the supervision and with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our internal controls. As of December 31, 2006, they concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures and that our internal control over financial reporting were not effective. Although we have made and are continuing to make improvements in our internal controls, if we are unsuccessful in our focused effort to permanently and effectively remediate the weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting over time, it may adversely impact our ability to report our financial condition and results of operations in the future accurately and in a timely manner, and may potentially adversely impact our reputation with stakeholders.

 

We are subject to ongoing investigations by the SEC and the United States Department of Justice.

 

In March 2006, we voluntarily disclosed to the SEC certain information related to the independent investigation by the Company’s Audit Committee. Since that time, the SEC has subpoenaed certain documents and voluntarily requested other information in connection with its subsequent investigation related to these events. We are cooperating fully with this investigation. We cannot predict what impact, if any, and the materiality of such impact, if any, the conclusion of this matter may have on our financial statements.

 

In March 2006, the Company voluntarily disclosed to the United States Department of Justice (“DOJ”) certain information related to the independent investigation by the Company’s Audit Committee. Since that time, the DOJ has requested that the Company voluntarily provide documents and other information in connection with its subsequent investigation related to these events. The Company is cooperating fully with this investigation. The Company cannot predict what impact, if any, and the materiality of such impact, if any, the conclusion of this matter may have on our financial statements.

 

Taxing authorities may determine that we owe additional taxes from previous years.

 

As a result of the restatement and delay in our financial reporting, we will likely have to amend previously filed tax returns and reports. Where legal, regulatory or administrative rules require or allow us to amend our previous tax filings, we intend to comply with our obligations under applicable law. To the extent that tax authorities do not accept our conclusions about the tax effects of the restatement, liabilities for taxes could differ from those which have been recorded

 

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in our consolidated financial statements. If it is determined that we have additional tax liabilities, there could be an adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

 

In early 2006, the Internal Revenue Service began an audit of the Company’s income tax returns. This audit is ongoing and covers income tax returns for the years 2003 through 2005. We cannot predict what impact, if any, and the materiality of such impact, if any, the conclusion of these matters may have on our financial statements.

 

Litigation arising in connection with our internal investigation and the restatement of our financial statements could adversely affect our financial condition or operations.

 

As of June 30, 2008, we had one securities class action lawsuit pending against us, former members of our Board of Directors and present and former members of management that relate to the internal investigation and the restatement of our financial statements. The lawsuit and other legal matters in which we have become involved following the announcement of the restatement are described in Item 3, “Legal Proceedings.”  The securities class action lawsuit is currently in the early stages of discovery.  The court granted in part the plaintiffs’ motion to certify the class on September 25, 2008. The trial is not scheduled to commence until April 19, 2010. We are not able to predict the outcome of the litigation; however, if we are unsuccessful in our efforts to defend against the allegations raised in the litigation, our business and financial condition would likely be negatively impacted. Among other consequences of a negative outcome of the litigation, we could become obligated to pay damages in an amount, which would adversely affect our financial condition or our operations.

 

In addition to the possibility that we could become subject to damages resulting from the lawsuit described above, the lawsuit and other legal matters could have a disruptive effect upon the operation of our business and consume the time and attention of our senior management. In addition, we are likely to incur substantial expenses in connection with such matters, including substantial fees for attorneys.

 

We maintain insurance that may provide coverage for the potential consequences of a negative outcome of the litigation described above. We have given notice to our insurers of the claims. The insurers have responded by requesting additional information and by reserving their rights under the policies, including the rights to deny coverage under various policy exclusions or to rescind the policies in question as a result of our restatement of our financial statements. There can be no assurance that the insurers will not seek to deny coverage or rescind the policies; that some or all of the claims will not be covered by such policies; or that, even if covered, our ultimate liability will exceed the available insurance.

 

The matters relating to the internal investigation by our Audit Committee and the restatement of our consolidated financial statements have required us to incur substantial expenses.

 

As described in the Explanatory Note immediately preceding Part I, Item 1, in this Form 10-K, our Audit Committee conducted an internal investigation, which initially focused on certain of our foreign operations, but subsequently expanded to include other matters related to our financial statements and financial reporting. The internal investigation and related activities have required us to incur substantial expenses for legal, accounting, tax and other professional services, and has diverted management’s attention from our business.

 

Risk Factors Related to Our Business

 

Changes in laws and regulations regarding network marketing may prohibit or restrict our ability to sell our products in some markets.

 

Network marketing systems are frequently subject to laws and regulations by various government agencies throughout the world. These laws and regulations are generally intended to prevent fraudulent or deceptive practices and ensure that sales are made to consumers of the products and that compensation, recognition, and advancement within the marketing organization are based upon sales of the product. Failure to comply with these laws and regulations could result in significant penalties. Violations could result from misconduct by an associate, ambiguity in statutes, changes or new laws and regulations affecting our business, and court related decisions. Furthermore, we may be restricted or prohibited from using network marketing plans in some foreign countries.

 

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Our products and manufacturing activities are subject to extensive government regulations and could be subject to additional laws and regulations.

 

The formulation, manufacturing, packaging, labeling, advertising, distribution and sales of each of our major product groups are subject to regulation by numerous, domestic and foreign governmental agencies and authorities. These include the FDA, the FTC, the CPSC, the USDA, and other state regulatory agencies as well as regulatory agencies in the foreign markets in which we operate. The markets in which we operate have varied regulations which often require us to reformulate products for specific markets, conform product labeling to market regulations, and register or qualify products or obtain necessary approvals with the applicable governmental authorities in order to market our products in these markets. Failure to comply with the regulatory requirements of these various governmental agencies and authorities could result in enforcement actions including: cease and desist orders, injunctions, limits on advertising, consumer redress, divestitures of assets, rescission of contracts, or such other relief as may be deemed necessary. Violation of these orders could result in substantial financial or other penalties. Any action against us could materially affect our ability to successfully market our products.

 

In the future, we may be subject to additional laws or regulations administered by the FDA or other federal, state, local, or foreign regulatory authorities, the repeal or amendment of laws or regulations which we consider favorable and/or more stringent interpretations of current laws or regulations. We can neither predict the nature of such future laws, regulations, interpretations, or applications, nor what effect additional governmental regulations or administrative orders, when and if promulgated, would have on our business. They could, however, require reformulation of certain products to meet new standards, recall or discontinuance of certain products not able to be reformulated, imposition of additional record-keeping requirements, expanded documentation of the properties of certain products, expanded or altered labeling and/or scientific substantiation. Any or all such requirements could have a material negative impact on our financial position, results of operations, and liquidity.

 

If we are unable to attract and retain independent Distributors, our business could suffer.

 

We rely on our independent Distributors to market and sell our products through direct marketing techniques, as well as sponsoring other Distributors. Many Distributors sell our product on a part-time basis to friends or associates or use the products for themselves. Our Distributors may terminate their service at any time, and, like most direct selling companies, we experience high turnover among Distributors from year to year. As a result, we need to continue to retain existing Distributors and recruit additional Distributors in order to maintain and/or increase sales in the future.

 

Several factors affect our ability to attract and retain independent Distributors, including:

 

·                  any adverse publicity regarding us, our products, our distribution channels or our competitors;

 

·                  on-going motivation of our independent Distributors;

 

·                  public’s perceptions about the value and efficacy of our products;

 

·                  public’s perceptions and acceptance of network-marketing;

 

·                  general and economic business conditions;

 

·                  changes to our compensation arrangements with our independent Distributors; and

 

·                  competition in recruiting and retaining independent Distributors and or market saturation.

 

We cannot provide any assurance that our independent Distributors will continue to maintain their current levels of productivity or that we will be able to continue to attract and retain Distributors in sufficient numbers to sustain future growth or to maintain present growth levels.

 

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An economic slowdown in the markets in which we do business could reduce consumer demand for our products.

 

Consumer spending habits, including spending for our products, are affected by, among other things, prevailing economic conditions, levels of employment, fuel prices, salaries and wages, the availability of consumer credit, consumer confidence and consumer perception of economic conditions. A general economic slowdown in the markets in which we do business and an uncertain economic outlook may adversely affect consumer spending habits and customer traffic, which may result in lower net sales.  A prolonged global economic downturn could have a material negative impact on our financial position, results of operation, and liquidity.

 

Currency exchange rate fluctuations could lower our revenue and net income.

 

In 2007, we recognized approximately 58.3 percent of our revenue in markets outside the United States in each market’s respective local currency. We purchase inventory primarily in the United States in U.S. dollars. In preparing our financial statements, we translate revenues and expenses in foreign countries from their local currencies into U.S. dollars using weighted-average exchange rates. Because a significant portion of our sales is in foreign countries, exchange rate fluctuations may have a significant effect on our sales and earnings. Our reported net earnings may be significantly affected by fluctuations in currency exchange rates, with earnings generally increasing with a weaker U.S. dollar and decreasing with a strengthening U.S. dollar. As operations expand in countries where foreign currency transactions may be made, our operating results will increasingly be subject to the risks of exchange rate fluctuations and we may not be able to accurately estimate the impact that these changes may have on our future results of operations or financial condition.

 

Availability and integrity of raw materials could become compromised.

 

We depend on outside suppliers for raw materials. We acquire all of our raw materials for the manufacture of our products from third-party suppliers. We have some agreements for the supply of materials used in the manufacture of our products. We also contract with third-party manufacturers and suppliers for the production of some of our products. In the event we were to lose any significant suppliers and experience any difficulties in finding or transitioning to alternative suppliers, it could result in product shortages or product back orders, which could harm our business. There can be no assurance that suppliers will be able to provide us the raw materials in the quantities we request or at a price we are willing to pay. We are also subject to the delays caused by any interruption in the production of these materials including weather, crop conditions, transportation interruptions, and natural disasters or other catastrophic events.

 

Occasionally, our suppliers have experienced production difficulties with respect to our products, including the delivery of materials or products that do not meet our quality control standards. These quality problems have in the past resulted in, and in the future could result in, stock outages or shortages of our products, and could harm our sales and create inventory write-offs for unusable product.

 

Geopolitical issues and conflicts could adversely affect our business.

 

Because a substantial portion of our business is conducted outside of the United States, our business is subject to global political issues and conflicts. If these conflicts or issues escalate, it could harm our foreign operations. In addition, changes and actions by governments in foreign markets could harm our business.

 

Our business is subject to the effects of adverse publicity and negative public perception.

 

Our ability to attract and retain Distributors, as well as their ability to maintain or grow sales in the future, can be affected by either adverse publicity or negative public perception in regards to our industry, our competition, our direct marketing model, the quality or efficacy of nutritional product supplements and ingredients, and our business generally. There can be no assurance we will not be subject to adverse publicity or negative public perception in the future or that it would not have an adverse or material negative impact on our financial position, results of operations, and liquidity.

 

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Taxation and transfer pricing affect our operations.

 

As a U.S. company doing business in many international markets, we are subject to foreign tax and intercompany pricing laws, including those relating to the flow of funds between our Company and our subsidiaries. These pricing laws are designed to ensure that appropriate levels of income and deductions are reported by our U.S. and foreign entities and that they are taxed appropriately. Regulators in the United States and in foreign markets closely monitor our corporate structures, intercompany transactions, and how we effectuate intercompany fund transfers. If regulators challenge our corporate structures, transfer pricing methodologies or intercompany transfers, our operations may be harmed, and our effective tax rate may increase. We are eligible to receive foreign tax credits in the United States for certain foreign taxes actually paid abroad. In the event any audits or assessments are concluded adversely to us, we may not be able to offset the consolidated effect of foreign income tax assessments through the use of U.S. foreign tax credits. Because the laws and regulations governing U.S. foreign tax credits are complex and subject to periodic legislative amendment, we cannot be sure that we would in fact be able to take advantage of any foreign tax credits in the future. The various customs, exchange control and transfer pricing laws are continually changing and are subject to the interpretation of governmental agencies.

 

We collect and remit sales tax in states in which we have determined that nexus exists, which results in the collection of sales tax.  Other states may, from time to time, claim we have state related activities constituting a sufficient nexus to require such collection.  A successful assertion by one or more states that we should collect sales tax on the sale of merchandise could result in substantial tax liabilities related to past sales.

 

Despite our best efforts to be aware of and comply with such laws and changes to the interpretations thereof, there is a risk that we may not continue to operate in compliance with such laws. We may need to adjust our operating procedures in response to these changes, and such changes could have a material negative impact on our financial position, results of operation, and liquidity.

 

Our business is subject to intellectual property risks.

 

Most of our products are not protected by patents. Restrictive regulations governing the precise labeling of ingredients and percentages for nutritional supplements, the large number of manufacturers, who produce products with many active ingredients in common, and the rapid change and frequent reformulation of products make patent protection impractical. As a result, we enter into confidentiality agreements with certain of our employees in our research and development activities, our independent associates, suppliers, directors, officers, and consultants to help protect our intellectual property, investment in research and development activities and trade secrets. We have also obtained trademarks for the Natures Sunshine Products name and logo as well as the Synergy Worldwide name. There can be no assurance that our efforts to protect our intellectual property and trademarks will be successful. Nor can there be any assurance that third-parties will not assert claims against us for infringement of intellectual property rights, which could result in our business being required to obtain licenses for such rights, payment of royalties, or the termination of our manufacturing of infringing products, all of which could have a material negative impact on our financial position, results of operations, and liquidity.

 

Product liability claims could harm our business.

 

As a manufacturer and distributor of products that are ingested, we face an inherent risk of exposure to product liability claims in the event that, among other things, the use of our products results in injury to consumers due to tampering by unauthorized third parties or product contamination. We have historically had a very limited number of product claims or reports from individuals who have asserted that they have suffered adverse consequences as a result of using our products. These matters have historically been settled to our satisfaction and have not resulted in material payments. We have established a wholly owned captive insurance company to provide us with product liability insurance coverage and have accrued an amount that we believe is sufficient to cover probable and reasonable estimable liabilities related to product liability claims based upon our history. There can be no assurance that these estimates will prove to be sufficient nor can there be any assurance that the ultimate outcome of any litigation for product liability will not have a material negative impact on our business prospects, financial position, results of operations, and liquidity.

 

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Inventory obsolescence due to finite shelf lives could adversely affect our business.

 

In order to provide a high level of product availability to our independent Distributors and Managers, we maintain a considerable inventory of raw materials in the United States and of finished goods in every country in which we sell our products. Our inventories of both raw materials and finished goods have finite shelf lives. If we overestimate the demand for our products, we could experience significant write-downs on our inventory due to obsolescence. Such write-downs could have a material negative impact on our financial position, results of operations, and liquidity.

 

System failures could harm our business.

 

Like many companies, our business is highly dependent upon our information technology infrastructure to effectively and efficiently manage our operations, including order entry, customer billing, accurately tracking purchases and volume incentives, managing accounting, finance, and manufacturing operations. The occurrences of natural disasters or other unanticipated problems could result in interruptions in our day-to-day business that could adversely affect our business. We have a disaster recovery plan in place to mitigate the risk. Nevertheless, there can be no assurance that a long-term failure or impairment of any of our information systems would not adversely affect our ability to conduct our day-to-day business.

 

The Company could incur obligations relating to the activities of our Distributors.

 

We sell our products worldwide to a sales force of independent Distributors who use the products themselves or resell them to other Distributors or consumers. In the event that local laws and regulations or the interpretation of locals laws and regulations change and require us to treat our independent Distributors as employees, or if our Distributors are deemed by local regulatory authorities in one or more of the jurisdictions in which we operate to be our employees rather than independent contractors, under existing laws and interpretations, we may be held responsible for a variety of obligations that are imposed upon employers relating to their employees, including employment related taxes and penalties. Our Distributors also operate in jurisdictions, where local legislation and governmental agencies require us to collect and remit taxes such as sales tax or value added taxes. In addition, there is the possibility that some jurisdictions could seek to hold the Company responsible for false product claims or the negligent actions of an independent Distributor. If the Company were found to be responsible for any of these issues related to our Distributors, it could have a material negative impact on our financial position, results of operations, and liquidity.

 

Changes in key management.

 

We believe our success depends in part on our ability to retain our executive officers, and to continue to attract additional qualified individuals to our team. We cannot guarantee the continued service by our key officers. The loss or limitation of any of our executive officers or the inability to attract additional qualified management personnel could have a material negative impact on our financial position, results of operations, and liquidity.

 

Our business is involved in a market with intense competition.

 

Our business operates in a market with numerous manufacturers, distributors, and retailers of nutritional products. The market for our products is intensely competitive. Many of our competitors are significantly larger, have greater financial resources, and better name recognition than we do. We also rely on our independent Distributors to market and sell our products through direct marketing techniques, as well as sponsoring other Distributors. Our ability to compete with other direct marketing companies depends greatly on our ability in attracting and retaining our Distributors. In addition, we currently do not have significant patent or other proprietary protection, and our competitors may introduce products with the same or similar ingredients that we use in our products. As a result, we may have difficulty differentiating our products from our competitors’ products, and competing products entering the nutritional market. There can be no assurance that our future operations would not be harmed as a result of changing market conditions and future competition.

 

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Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

 

On March 23, 2006, we received a letter from the Division of Corporation Finance of the SEC requesting more information on the nature of the internal control weaknesses and potential violations of law disclosed in our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on March 20, 2006, as well as the potential impact on our financial statements. These staff comments are not yet resolved, but we have responded to these staff comments with a letter to be filed concurrently with this Report.

 

Item 2. Properties

 

Our corporate offices are located in two adjacent office buildings in Provo, Utah. The facilities consist of approximately 63,000 square feet and are leased from an unaffiliated third party through lease agreements, which expire in as early as three years but are renewable upon expiration.

 

Our principal warehousing and manufacturing facilities are housed in a building consisting of approximately 270,000 square feet owned by us and located on approximately ten acres in Spanish Fork, Utah. These facilities support all of our business segments.

 

We own approximately 60,000 square feet of office and warehouse space in Mexico and approximately 13,000 square feet of office and warehouse space in Venezuela. These facilities support our Nature’s Sunshine Products international segment.

 

We also own approximately 53 acres of undeveloped land in Springville, Utah and approximately 8 acres of undeveloped land in Provo, Utah.

 

We lease properties used primarily as distribution warehouses located in Columbus, Ohio; Dallas, Texas; Atlanta, Georgia; and Spanish Fork, Utah; as well as offices and distribution warehouses in Pleasant Grove, Utah, Japan, Mexico, Central America, Canada, Venezuela, South Korea, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, the United Kingdom, Colombia, Thailand, Peru, Singapore, Israel, Brazil, Taiwan, and Australia. We believe these facilities are suitable for their respective uses and are, in general, adequate for our present and near-term future needs. During 2007, 2006, and 2005, we spent approximately $5.2 million, $5.3 million, and $3.7 million, respectively, for all of our leased facilities.

 

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

 

Class Action Litigation

 

Between April 3, 2006 and June 2, 2006, five separate shareholder class action lawsuits were filed against the Company and certain of our present and former officers and directors in the United States District Court for the District of Utah. These matters were consolidated and on November 3, 2006, the plaintiffs filed a Consolidated Complaint against the Company, our Chief Executive Officer and former director, Douglas Faggioli, our former Chief Financial Officer, Craig D. Huff, and a former director and former Chair of our Audit Committee, Franz L. Cristiani. The Consolidated Complaint asserts three separate claims on behalf of purchasers of our common stock: (1) a claim against Mr. Faggioli and the Company for violation of Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder, alleging that Mr. Faggioli made a series of alleged material misrepresentations to the investing public; (2) a claim against Mr. Faggioli and the Company for violation of Section 10(b) and Rule 10b-5, alleging that Mr. Faggioli made a series of misrepresentations to the Company’s then independent auditor, KPMG, LLP, for the purpose of obtaining unqualified or “clean” audit opinions and review opinions from KPMG concerning certain of our annual and quarterly financial statements; and (3) a claim against Messrs. Faggioli, Huff and Cristiani for violation of Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act, alleging that the individual defendants have “control person” liability for the previously-alleged violations by the Company. The Consolidated Complaint seeks an unspecified amount of compensatory damages, together with interest thereon, litigation costs and expenses, including attorneys’ fees and expert fees, and any such other and further relief as may be allowed by law.

 

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On January 5, 2007, the Company and Messrs. Faggioli, Huff and Cristiani moved to dismiss the Consolidated Complaint in its entirety. On May 21, 2007, the court issued its decision denying the motion in large part, but shortening the proposed class period on one of the Plaintiffs’ claims. On June 6, 2007, the Company and the other defendants answered the Consolidated Complaint, wherein they denied all allegations of wrongdoing and raised a number of affirmative defenses. On November 1, 2007, the Plaintiffs filed their motion for class certification, which the Company opposed. On September 25, 2008, the court granted the Plaintiffs’ motion for class certification in part, establishing the class as all persons who purchased or otherwise acquired the Company’s common stock, and were damaged thereby, from March 16, 2005 to March 20, 2006. On May 9, 2008, at the invitation of the Court based upon recent case law developments, the Company filed a motion to dismiss the Plaintiffs’ second cause of action (a 10b-5 claim based on non-public representations to KPMG).  The Plaintiffs opposed this motion.  On September 23, 2008, the Court granted the Company’s motion and dismissed the Plaintiffs’ second cause of action.

 

The case is currently in the early stages of discovery. The trial is not scheduled to commence until April 19, 2010. Although we and the other defendants are vigorously defending against the allegations in the lawsuit, and we intend to continue doing so, we are unable to predict the outcome of this litigation or whether the Company will incur any liability associated to the litigation, or to estimate the effect such outcome would have on the financial condition of the Company.

 

Threatened Derivative Lawsuits

 

By letter dated October 4, 2007, a shareholder of the Company alleged that a number of the current and former officers and directors of the Company breached their fiduciary duties to the Company by supposedly engaging in the same alleged wrongdoing that is the subject of the class action lawsuit. The shareholder demanded that the Company take action to recover from the specified officers and directors all damages sustained by the Company as a result of the alleged misconduct, and threatened to commence a derivative action if the Company failed to act on the shareholder’s demand within a reasonable period of time.

 

On December 26, 2007, before the expiration of the Company’s allotted 90-day period for responding to the demand, the shareholder presented a second but substantively identical demand on the Company, thereby triggering a new 90-day response period. The Company’s Board of Directors responded to this demand on March 20, 2008, rejecting the shareholder’s demands.

 

On May 21, 2008, this same shareholder filed a summons and complaint in the Fourth Judicial District Court for the State of Utah seeking an order compelling the Company to produce certain books and records to the shareholder. The Company filed its answer to the complaint on June 12, 2008.

 

Although the Company and the other defendants are vigorously defending against the allegations in the threatened derivative lawsuit above, it is not possible at this time to predict the outcome of this litigation or whether the Company will incur any liability associated to the litigation, or to estimate the effect such outcome would have on the financial condition of the Company.

 

SEC and DOJ Investigations

 

In March 2006, we voluntarily disclosed to the SEC certain information related to the independent investigation by the Company’s Audit Committee. Since that time, the SEC has subpoenaed certain documents and voluntarily requested other information in connection with its subsequent investigation related to these events. We are cooperating fully with this investigation. We cannot predict what impact, if any, and the materiality of such impact, if any, the conclusion of this matter may have on our financial statements.

 

In March 2006, the Company voluntarily disclosed to the United States Department of Justice (“DOJ”) certain information related to the independent investigation by the Company’s Audit Committee. Since that time, the DOJ has requested that the Company voluntarily provide documents and other information in connection with its subsequent investigation related to these events. The Company is cooperating fully with this investigation. The Company cannot predict what impact, if any, and the materiality of such impact, if any, the conclusion of this matter may have on our financial statements.

 

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SEC Section 12(j) Proceeding

 

On July 12, 2007, we announced that the SEC had instituted administrative proceedings pursuant to Section 12(j) of the Exchange Act to suspend or revoke the registration of our common stock. On November 8, 2007, an administrative law judge in the administrative proceeding issued an Initial Decision to revoke the registration of the Company’s common stock. Shortly thereafter, we filed a petition for review with the SEC. On December 5, 2007, the SEC granted our petition for review. The SEC had scheduled oral argument regarding the Company’s petition on October 1, 2008. The SEC has now rescheduled the oral argument for an unspecified future date. We cannot predict the outcome of such review at this time. The Initial Decision of the administrative law judge will not become effective pending the review. We cannot presently predict what, if any, impact the SEC’s ultimate determination may have on our financial statements or the materiality of such impact, if any. If a final order is issued by the SEC revoking the registration of our common stock, broker-dealers would not be permitted to effect transactions in shares of our common stock until we file a new registration with the SEC under the Exchange Act and that registration is made effective.

 

Employee-Related Litigation

 

One of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries is a defendant in litigation regarding primarily employee-related matters. The Company has recorded accruals of approximately $0.6 million related to this litigation, which is included in accrued liabilities.

 

Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

 

None.

 

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PART II

 

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Shareholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

 

Market and Share Prices

 

Our common stock was traded on the Nasdaq National Market System (symbol “NATR”) until April 5, 2006, the date that the Nasdaq Listing Qualifications Panel determined to delist our common stock from The Nasdaq National Market. Our stock is currently traded on the Pink Sheets (symbol NATR.PK). The information in the table below reflects the actual high and low sales prices of our stock from January 1, 2006 through April 4, 2006 and the high and low bid information from April 5, 2006 through December 31, 2007.

 

 

 

Market Prices

 

 

 

Market Prices

 

2007

 

Best Ask

 

Best Bid

 

2006

 

High/Best
Ask

 

Low/Best
Bid

 

First Quarter

 

$

12.60

 

$

11.45

 

First Quarter

 

$

18.88

 

$

10.23

 

Second Quarter

 

12.35

 

10.20

 

Second Quarter through April 4, 2006

 

12.64

 

7.83

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Second Quarter from April 5, 2006

 

12.00

 

8.46

 

Third Quarter

 

14.45

 

11.50

 

Third Quarter

 

12.25

 

8.15

 

Fourth Quarter

 

12.50

 

8.10

 

Fourth Quarter

 

12.00

 

9.91

 

 

The Pink Sheets quotations (provided for time periods after April 4, 2006) reflect inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-up, mark-down or commission and may not necessarily represent actual transactions.

 

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

 

Since October 1, 2005, we have issued and sold the following unregistered securities:

 

On July 10, 2006, we issued and sold 500 shares of common stock into the market on behalf of Karen Nichols pursuant to a net exercise of stock options granted under our 1995 Stock Plan and payment to Ms. Nichols of cash proceeds in excess of the exercise price, less applicable tax withholdings. No exemption from the registration requirements of Section 5 of the Securities Act is claimed.

 

On February 1, 2007, we issued and sold 95,690 shares of common stock to Douglas Faggioli, our Chief Executive Officer, for cash consideration in an aggregate amount of $735,665 upon the exercise of stock options granted under our 1995 Stock Plan. This sale is exempt from the registration requirement of Section 5 of the Securities Act pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act.

 

On February 2, 2007, we issued and sold 61,330 shares of common stock to Eugene L. Hughes, our founder and Director, for cash consideration in an aggregate amount of $471,505 upon the exercise of stock options granted under our 1995 Stock Plan. This sale is exempt from the registration requirement of Section 5 of the Securities Act pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act.

 

On February 6, 2007, we issued and sold 5,340 shares of common stock to Kent Hastings, our Director of Export Markets, for cash consideration in an aggregate amount of $41,054 upon the exercise of stock options granted under our 1995 Stock Plan. This sale is exempt from the registration requirement of Section 5 of the Securities Act pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act.

 

On July 27, 2007, we issued and sold 500 shares of common stock to the estate of Robert Schaffer for cash consideration in an aggregate amount of $4,157 upon the exercise of stock options granted under our 1995 Stock Plan.

 

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This sale is exempt from the registration requirement of Section 5 of the Securities Act pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act.

 

Dividends

 

There were approximately 842 shareholders of record as of June 30, 2008. During 2007 and 2006, the Company paid quarterly cash dividends of $0.05 per common share. The Company expects to continue to pay cash dividends in the future.

 

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

 

Plan category

 

Number of securities to
be issued upon exercise of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights

 

Weighted-average
exercise price of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights

 

Number of securities
remaining available for
issuance under equity
compensation plans
(excluding securities
reflected in column (a))

 

 

 

(a)

 

(b)

 

(c)

 

Equity compensation plans approved by security holders

 

142,590

 

$

12.05

 

 

Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders

 

140,300

 

11.85

 

 

Total

 

282,890

 

$

11.95

 

 

 

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Table of Contents

 

Performance Graph

 

The graph below depicts our common stock as an index, assuming $100.00 was invested on January 1, 2002 along with the composite prices of companies listed in the NASDAQ and our peer group. Standard & Poor’s Investment Services has provided us with this information. The comparisons in the graph are required by regulations of the SEC and are not intended to forecast or be indicative of the possible future performance of our common stock. The publicly-traded companies in our peer group are USANA Health Sciences, Inc., Nu Skin Enterprises, Inc., Herbalife International, Inc., and Mannatech, Incorporated.

 

 

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Table of Contents

 

Item 6. Selected Financial Data

(Dollar and Share Amounts in Thousands, Except for Per Share Information)

 

The selected consolidated financial data presented below is summarized from our results of operations for each of the four years in the period ended December 31, 2007, as well as selected consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2007, 2006, 2005, 2004, and 2003. In light of the substantial time, effort and expense incurred to complete the restatement of our consolidated financial statements for 2004, we have determined that extensive additional efforts would be required to restate 2003. In particular, turnover of relevant personnel and limitations of systems and data all limit our ability to reconstruct additional financial information for 2003. Previously published information for 2003 should not be relied upon.

 

Income Statement Data

 

 

 

Net Sales
Revenue

 

Cost of
Goods Sold

 

Volume
Incentives

 

Selling, General
and Administrative

 

Operating
Income

 

Income Before
Income Taxes

 

Net (Loss)
Income

 

2007

 

$

366,647

 

$

70,996

 

$

143,884

 

$

148,706

 

$

3,061

 

$

4,465

 

$

(8,237

)

2006

 

362,222

 

68,745

 

145,827

 

139,645

 

8,005

 

8,629

 

(3,565

)

2005

 

351,684

 

67,593

 

144,125

 

128,381

 

11,585

 

11,423

 

3,504

 

2004

 

325,324

 

61,263

 

129,752

 

115,299

 

19,010

 

20,702

 

11,772

 

 

Balance Sheet Data

 

 

 

Working
Capital

 

Current
Ratio

 

Inventories

 

Property, Plant and
Equipment, Net

 

Total
Assets

 

Long-term
Obligations

 

Shareholders’
Equity

 

2007

 

$

32,017

 

1.42

%

$

35,249

 

$

28,282

 

$

165,338

 

$

27,986

 

$

60,392

 

2006

 

23,968

 

1.31

 

38,639

 

30,581

 

148,347

 

2,190

 

68,186

 

2005

 

27,928

 

1.40

 

34,988

 

34,075

 

147,286

 

2,284

 

75,407

 

2004

 

34,181

 

1.53

 

35,444

 

35,869

 

143,981

 

3,491

 

75,854

 

2003

 

35,566

 

1.72

 

25,062

 

33,358

 

123,507

 

3,586

 

67,970

 

 

Common Share Summary

 

 

 

Cash Dividend
Per Share

 

Basic Net (Loss)
Income Per Share

 

Diluted Net (Loss)
Income Per Share

 

Basic Weighted
Average Shares

 

Diluted Weighted
Average Shares

 

2007

 

$

0.20

 

$

(0.53

)

$

(0.53

)

15,495

 

15,495

 

2006

 

0.20

 

(0.23

)

(0.23

)

15,344

 

15,344

 

2005

 

0.20

 

0.23

 

0.23

 

15,211

 

15,515

 

2004

 

0.20

 

0.79

 

0.76

 

14,917

 

15,478

 

 

Other relevant nonfinancial data is presented below:

 

Other Information

 

 

 

Number of Independent Managers

 

Square Footage of
Property in Use

 

Number of
Company Employees

 

2007

 

24,115

 

706,519

 

1,170

 

2006

 

24,292

 

852,235

 

1,181

 

2005

 

21,309

 

816,296

 

1,100

 

2004

 

18,374

 

921,677

 

1,069

 

2003

 

15,151

 

806,343

 

1,037

 

 

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Table of Contents

 

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

The following discussion highlights the principal factors that have affected our financial condition, results of operations, liquidity and capital resources for the periods described. This discussion should be read in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes in Item 8 of this Form 10-K. This discussion contains forward-looking statements. Please see “Cautionary Statements Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” for the risks, uncertainties and assumptions associated with these forward-looking statements.

 

OVERVIEW

 

Our Business, Industry and Target Market

 

Nature’s Sunshine Products, Inc. and its subsidiaries are primarily engaged in the manufacturing and marketing of herbal products, vitamin and mineral supplements, personal care, and miscellaneous products. Nature’s Sunshine Products, Inc. is a Utah corporation with its principal place of business in Provo, Utah. We sell our products to a sales force of independent Distributors and Managers who use the products themselves or resell them to other Distributors or consumers. The formulation, manufacturing, packaging, labeling, advertising, distribution and sale of each of our major product groups are subject to regulation by one or more governmental agencies.

 

We market our products in the United States, Mexico, Central America, Canada, Venezuela, the Dominican Republic, Japan, Ecuador, the United Kingdom, Columbia, Peru, Israel, Russia, Ukraine, Latvia, Lithuania, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Belarus, China, Poland, and Brazil. We also export our products to several other countries, including Argentina, Australia, Chile, New Zealand, and Norway.

 

We also sell our products through a separate division and operating business segment, Synergy Worldwide, which was acquired in 2000. Synergy Worldwide offers products with formulations different from those of the Nature’s Sunshine Products offerings. In addition, Synergy Worldwide’s marketing and Distributor compensation plans are sufficiently different from those of Nature’s Sunshine Products. Synergy Worldwide sells products in Japan, the United States, South Korea, Singapore, Thailand, Taiwan, Malaysia, Hong Kong, the Philippines, Indonesia, the United Kingdom, Germany, Austria, the Netherlands, and Australia.

 

In 2007, we experienced healthy net sales revenue growth overseas in our Nature’s Sunshine Products International business segment of approximately 15%, while our domestic business segment sales remained flat and our Synergy Worldwide business segment experienced a decline in net sales revenue of approximately 18% due primarily to the loss of several key distributor networks. Over the same period, our cost of goods sold remained constant as a percentage of net sales revenue, but our selling, general and administrative expenses increased somewhat primarily as a result of costs associated with increases in audit fees, the implementation of new internal control procedures, and increase in our reserve for foreign tax contingencies, resulting in a decrease in operating net income for 2007. On our consolidated balance sheet, we maintained a fairly consistent profile from 2006 to 2007, with the exception of a liability related to unrecognized tax positions of $25.9 million in accordance with FASB Financial Interpretation (“FIN”) 48, “Accounting for Uncertainly in Income Taxes,” and a corresponding decrease in accrued liabilities of $15.8 million and an increase in other assets of $10.1 million.

 

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

 

Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and form the basis for the following discussion and analysis on critical accounting policies and estimates. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On a regular basis we evaluate our estimates and assumptions. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results could differ from these estimates and those differences could have a material effect on our financial position and results of operations. Management has discussed the development, selection and disclosure of these estimates with the Board of Directors and its Audit Committee.

 

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Table of Contents

 

A summary of our significant accounting policies is provided in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this Report. We believe the critical accounting policies and estimates described below reflect our more significant estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. The impact and any associated risks on our business that are related to these policies are also discussed throughout this “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” where such policies affect reported and expected financial results.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

Net sales revenue and related volume incentive expenses are recorded when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, collectability is reasonably assured, the amount is fixed and determinable, and title and risk of loss have passed, generally when the merchandise has been delivered. Amounts received for undelivered merchandise are recorded as deferred revenue. Sales revenue is recorded net of the rebate portion of volume incentives, and a reserve for product returns, which reduces revenue, is accrued based on historical experience. From time to time, the Company’s United States operation extends short-term credit associated with product promotions. In addition for certain of the Company’s international operations, the Company offers credit terms consistent with industry standards within the country of operation. Payments to Distributors and Managers for sales incentives or rebates are recorded as a reduction of revenue. Membership fees are recorded as revenue over the life of the membership, primarily one year. Prepaid event registration fees are deferred and recognized as revenues when the related event is held.

 

Inventories

 

Inventories are stated at the lower-of-cost-or-market, using the first-in, first-out method. The components of inventory cost include raw materials, labor, and overhead. To estimate any necessary lower-of-cost-or-market adjustments, various assumptions are made in regard to excess or slow-moving inventories, non-conforming inventories, expiration dates, current and future product demand, production planning, and market conditions.

 

Self-insurance Liabilities

 

As a manufacturer and distributor of products that are ingested, we face an inherent risk of exposure to product liability claims in the event that, among other things, the use of our products results in injury to consumers due to tampering by unauthorized third parties or product contamination. We have historically had a very limited number of product claims or reports from individuals who have asserted that they have suffered adverse consequences as a result of using our products. These matters have historically been settled to our satisfaction and have not resulted in material payments. We have established a wholly owned captive insurance company to provide us with product liability insurance coverage and have accrued an amount that we believe is sufficient to cover probable and reasonable estimable liabilities related to product liability claims based upon our history. However, there can be no assurance that these estimates will prove to be sufficient nor can there be any assurance that the ultimate outcome of any litigation for product liability will not have a material negative impact on our business prospects, financial position, results of operations, or liquidity.

 

We self-insure for certain employee medical benefits. The recorded liabilities for self-insured risks are calculated using actuarial methods and are not discounted. The liabilities include amounts for actual claims and claims incurred but not reported. Actual experience, including claim frequency and severity as well as health care inflation, could result in actual liabilities being more or less than the amounts currently recorded.

 

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Table of Contents

 

Incentive Trip Accrual

 

We accrue for expenses for incentive trips associated with our direct sales marketing program, which rewards independent Distributors and Managers with paid attendance at our conventions and meetings. Expenses associated with incentive trips are accrued over qualification periods as they are earned. We specifically analyze incentive trip accruals based on historical and current sales trends as well as contractual obligations when evaluating the adequacy of the incentive trip accrual. Actual results could result in liabilities being more or less than the amounts recorded. We have accrued convention and meeting costs of approximately $5.5 million and $3.8 million at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

 

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

 

The Company reviews its long-lived assets, such as property, plant and equipment and intangible assets for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. The Company uses an estimate of future undiscounted net cash flows of the related assets or groups of assets over their remaining lives in measuring whether the assets are recoverable. An impairment loss is calculated by determining the difference between the carrying values and the fair values of these assets. At December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company did not consider any of its long-lived assets to be impaired.

 

Contingencies

 

We are involved in certain legal proceedings. When a loss is considered probable in connection with litigation or income tax and non-income tax contingencies and when a loss can be reasonably estimated with a range, we record our best estimate within the range related to the contingency. If there is no best estimate, we record the minimum of the range. As additional information becomes available, we assess the potential liability related to the contingency and revise the estimates. Revision in estimates of the potential liabilities could materially impact our results of operations in the period of adjustment.

 

Income Taxes

 

Our income tax expense, deferred tax assets and liabilities and contingent reserves reflect management’s best assessment of estimated future taxes to be paid. We are subject to income taxes in both the U.S. and numerous foreign jurisdictions. Significant judgments and estimates are required in determining the consolidated income tax expense.

 

Deferred income taxes arise from temporary differences between the tax and financial statement recognition of revenue and expense. In evaluating our ability to recover our deferred tax assets we consider all available positive and negative evidence, including scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies and recent financial operations. In projecting future taxable income, we develop assumptions including the amount of future state, federal and foreign pretax operating income, the reversal of temporary differences, and the implementation of feasible and prudent tax planning strategies. These assumptions require significant judgment about the forecasts of future taxable income and are consistent with the plans and estimates we are using to manage the underlying businesses.

 

As of December 31, 2007, we have foreign income tax net operating loss carryforwards of $7.7 million that will expire at various dates from 2008 through 2012. The Company has approximately $3.3 million of foreign tax credits, which begin to expire at various times starting in 2012.

 

We believe that it is more likely than not that the benefit from certain deferred tax assets, including foreign net operating loss carryforwards and foreign tax credits, will not be realized. In recognition of this risk, we have provided a valuation allowance of $11.3 million for certain deferred tax assets, including foreign net operating loss carryforwards and foreign tax credits. If our assumptions change and we determine we will be able to realize these deferred tax assets, the tax benefits relating to any reversal of the valuation allowance on deferred tax assets at December 31, 2007 will be accounted for as a reduction of income tax expense.

 

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Table of Contents

 

Changes in tax laws and rates could also affect recorded deferred tax assets and liabilities in the future. Management is not aware of any such changes that would have a material effect on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows or financial position.

 

The calculation of our tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax laws and regulations in a multitude of jurisdictions across our global operations.

 

In July 2006, the FASB issued Financial Interpretation (“FIN”) 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes,” which clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in the financial statements in accordance with SFAS 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes.” FIN 48 provides that a tax benefit from an uncertain tax position may be recognized when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including resolutions of any related appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits.

 

Income tax positions must meet a more-likely-than-not recognition threshold at the effective date to be recognized upon the adoption of FIN 48 and in subsequent periods. This interpretation also provides guidance on measurement, derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition. We adopted FIN 48 effective January 1, 2007. The adoption of FIN 48 did not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.

 

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

The following table summarizes our consolidated operating results as a percentage of net sales revenue for the periods indicated:

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2007

 

2006

 

2005

 

Net sales revenue

 

100.0

%

100.0

%

100.0

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Costs and Expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cost of goods sold

 

19.4

 

19.0

 

19.2

 

Volume incentives

 

39.2

 

40.3

 

41.0

 

Selling, general and administrative

 

40.6

 

38.5

 

36.5

 

 

 

99.2

 

97.8

 

96.7

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating Income

 

0.8

 

2.2

 

3.3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other Income (Expense):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest and other income, net

 

0.4

 

0.4

 

0.2

 

Interest expense

 

 

(0.2

)

(0.2

)

Foreign exchange (losses) gains, net

 

 

 

(0.1

)

 

 

0.4

 

0.2

 

(0.1

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income Before Provision for Income Taxes

 

1.2

 

2.4

 

3.2

 

Provision for Income Taxes

 

3.5

 

3.4

 

2.2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net (Loss) Income

 

(2.3

)%

(1.0

)%

1.0

%

 

Year Ended December 31, 2007 as Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2006

 

With this Annual Report, we have presented our financial statements for our fiscal years 2007 and 2006, incorporating to the extent appropriate all information available to us as of the date hereof. We have not previously filed our financial statements for fiscal year 2007.

 

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Table of Contents

 

Net Sales Revenue

 

Consolidated net sales revenue for the year ended December 31, 2007, was $366.6 million compared to $362.2 million in 2006, an increase of approximately 1.2 percent. During 2007, the increase in net sales revenue is primarily due to continued growth in the Company’s international business segment.

 

We distribute our products to consumers through an independent sales force comprised of Managers and Distributors. Active Managers totaled approximately 24,100 and 24,300 at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Active Distributors totaled approximately 698,700 and 668,600 at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. We anticipate the number of active Distributors to increase as we expand our existing operations, enter new international markets, and as current Distributors grow their businesses.

 

Net sales revenue related to the NSP United States business segment operations were $148.3 million and $148.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

 

NSP International net sales revenue increased to $149.8 million in 2007 compared to $130.6 million in 2006, an increase of approximately 14.7 percent. The increase in international net sales revenue in 2007 compared to 2006 is primarily the result of continued growth in our operations in Russia, Ukraine, Venezuela, and Japan. Price increases are planned in various international markets to compensate for foreign currency devaluations and increases in the cost of finished products. Management believes the price increases will be acceptable to its sales force and will result in increased net sales revenue.

 

Synergy Worldwide net sales revenue decreased to $68.6 million in 2007 compared to $83.2 million in 2006, a decrease of approximately 17.6 percent. The decrease in Synergy Worldwide net sales is primarily due to the loss of key distributor networks as a result of increased competition in the United States and Japanese markets with growth remaining flat in the other markets in which Synergy Worldwide operates. Further information related to the NSP United States, NSP International and Synergy Worldwide business segments is set forth in Note 12 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this Report.

 

Cost of Goods Sold

 

Cost of goods sold as a percent of net sales revenue increased slightly in 2007 compared to 2006 primarily as a result of increased provisions for obsolete inventory.

 

Volume Incentives

 

Volume incentives are a significant part of our direct sales marketing program and represent commission payments made to our independent Distributors and Managers. These payments are designed to provide incentives for reaching higher sales levels and for recruiting additional Distributors. Volume incentives as a percent of net sales revenue decreased slightly during 2007 as compared to 2006, primarily as a result of the decreased sales revenue in our Synergy Worldwide business segment where volume incentives are slightly higher than in the United States and our other international operations, and as a result of sales in new markets where lower levels of volume incentives were paid.

 

Selling, General and Administrative

 

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $9.1 million in 2007 compared to 2006, from $139.6 million to $148.7 million. Approximately $3.4 million is the result of expenses related to the continued growth of the Company’s international segments, as well as $1.1 of expenses related to new Synergy Worldwide markets.  Professional fees increased $3.0 million as a result of continued work on becoming current in our SEC filings.  In addition, bonuses to participants in the Company’s discretionary bonus plan increased approximately $1.3 million in 2007 compared to 2006. Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percent of net sales revenue increased to 40.6 percent in 2007 compared to 38.5 percent in 2006. Selling, general and administrative expenses includes general marketing and sales expenses, but not commissions, which are included under Volume Incentives, and also includes research and development expenses and

 

27



Table of Contents

 

general administrative expenses. The amount, excluding capital expenditures, spent on research and development activities remained constant at $1.9 million for 2007 and 2006.

 

Income Taxes

 

The effective income tax rate was 285 percent for 2007, compared to 141 percent for 2006. The effective rate for 2007 differed from the federal statutory rate of 35 percent primarily related to (i) additional liabilities associated with uncertain tax positions which increased the effective rate by 104 percent, (ii) additional tax contingencies which increased the effective rate by approximately 16 percent, (iii) change in deferred tax asset valuation allowances which increased the effective rate by approximately 61 percent, (iv) a taxable gain on the sale of intercompany assets eliminated for book purposes which increased the effective rate by approximately 25 percent, (v) an intercompany loan translation and instrument which increased the effective rate by 18 percent, and (vi) foreign and state tax rate differentials, as well as permanent nondeductible or deductible items accounting for the remaining increase.

 

The effective rate for 2006 differed from the federal statutory rate of 35 percent primarily related to additional non-income tax contingencies which increased the effective rate by approximately 54 percent, and change in deferred tax asset valuation allowances which increased the effective rate by approximately 29 percent, a taxable gain on the sale of intercompany assets eliminated for book purposes which increased the effective rate by approximately 13 percent, a foreign exchange tax gain on an intercompany payable which increased the effective rate by 10 percent, and foreign and state tax rate differentials, as well as permanent nondeductible or deductible items account for the remaining increase.

 

Year Ended December 31, 2006 as Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2005

 

With this Annual Report, we have presented our financial statements for our fiscal years 2006 and 2005, incorporating to the extent appropriate all information available to us as of the date hereof.

 

Net Sales Revenue

 

Consolidated net sales revenue for the year ended December 31, 2006, was $362.2 million compared to $351.7 million in 2005, an increase of approximately 3.0 percent. During 2006, the increase in net sales revenue is primarily due to continued growth in the Company’s international business segment.

 

We distribute our products to consumers through an independent sales force comprised of Managers and Distributors. Active Managers totaled approximately 24,300 and 21,300 at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Active Distributors totaled approximately 668,600 and 588,100 at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. We anticipate the number of active Distributors to increase as we expand our existing operations, enter new international markets, and as current Distributors grow their businesses.

 

Net sales revenue related to the NSP United States business segment operations increased approximately 0.1 percent in 2006 to $148.4 million compared to $148.3 million in 2005. This slight increase was the result of both our price increases in our United States market of 1.9 percent in 2006 (due to higher material costs) and a slight decrease in sales volumes of 1.8 percent.

 

NSP International net sales revenue increased to $130.6 million in 2006 compared to $120.0 million in 2005, an increase of approximately 8.8 percent. The increase in international net sales revenue in 2006 compared to 2005 is primarily the result of continued growth in our operations in Russia, Venezuela, Canada, and Mexico. We implement price increases annually to compensate for foreign currency devaluations and increases in the cost of finished products. Management believes the price increases will be acceptable to its sales force and will result in increased net sales revenue.

 

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Table of Contents

 

Synergy Worldwide net sales revenue decreased to $83.2 million in 2006 compared to $83.4 million in 2005, a decrease of approximately 0.2 percent. The slight decrease in Synergy Worldwide net sales is primarily due to increased competition in the United States and Japanese markets, which have been offset by continued growth in the Korean and South Asian markets. Further information related to the NSP United States, NSP International and Synergy Worldwide business segments is set forth in Note 12 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this Report.

 

Cost of Goods Sold

 

Cost of goods sold as a percent of net sales revenue decreased slightly in 2006 compared to 2005 primarily as a result of (1) decreased importation costs in several of our international operations, and (2) increased efficiency gained from our expanded manufacturing facility.

 

Volume Incentives

 

Volume incentives are a significant part of our direct sales marketing program and represent commission payments made to our independent Distributors and Managers. These payments are designed to provide incentives for reaching higher sales levels and for recruiting additional Distributors. Volume incentives as a percent of net sales revenue decreased slightly during 2006 as compared to 2005, primarily as a result of the decreased sales revenue in our Synergy Worldwide business segment where volume incentives are slightly higher than in the United States and our other international operations, and as a result of sales in new markets where lower levels of volume incentives were paid.

 

Selling, General and Administrative

 

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $11.2 million in 2006 compared to 2005, from $128.4 million to $139.6 million, as a result of expenses related to the continued growth of the Company’s international segment as well as costs related to the internal investigation previously mentioned of $6.9 million and $5.1 million related to non-income tax contingencies. Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percent of net sales revenue increased to 38.5 percent in 2006 compared to 36.5 percent in 2005. Selling, general and administrative expenses includes general marketing and sales expenses, but not commissions, which are included under Volume Incentives, and also includes research and development expenses and general administrative expenses. The amount, excluding capital expenditures, spent on research and development activities increased slightly, from $1.8 million in 2005 to $1.9 million in 2006.

 

Income Taxes

 

The effective income tax rate was 141 percent for 2006, compared to 69 percent for 2005. The effective rate for 2006 differed from the federal statutory rate of 35 percent primarily related to (i) additional tax contingencies, which increased the effective rate by approximately 54 percent, (ii) a change in deferred tax asset valuation allowances which increased the effective rate by approximately 29 percent, (iii) a taxable gain on the sale of intercompany assets eliminated for book purposes which increased the effective rate by approximately 13 percent, (iv) a foreign exchange tax gain on an intercompany payable which increased the effective rate by 10 percent, and (v) foreign and state tax rate differentials, as well as permanent nondeductible or deductible items accounting for the remaining increase.

 

The effective rate for 2005 differed from the federal statutory rate of 35 percent primarily due to additional tax contingencies which increased the effective rate by approximately 39 percent, and foreign and state tax rate differentials, as well as permanent nondeductible or deductible items accounting for the remaining increase.

 

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

 

Our principal use of cash is to pay for operating expenses, including volume incentives, capital assets, inventory purchases, funding of international expansion, and the payment of quarterly dividends. We have generally relied upon cash flows from operations to fund operating activities, and have at times drawn on an operating line of credit in order to fund stock repurchases and other strategic transactions. At December 31, 2007, we had $45.3 million in cash and cash equivalents and $4.8 million in short-term investments, which was available to be used along with our normal cash flows from operations to fund any unanticipated shortfalls in future cash flows.

 

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Table of Contents

 

As of December 31, 2007, working capital was $32.0 million, compared to $24.0 million as of December 31, 2006.

 

Our net consolidated cash inflows (outflows) are as follows (in thousands):

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2007

 

2006

 

2005

 

Operating activities

 

$

12,832

 

$

14,252

 

$

17,012

 

Investing activities

 

(5,701

)

(3,959

)

(3,679

)

Financing activities

 

(1,604

)

(9,303

)

(7,256

)

 

Operating Activities

 

For the year ended December 31, 2007, we generated cash from operating activities of $12.8 million compared to $14.3 million in 2006. The decrease in cash generated from operating activities was primarily due to our net loss of $8.2 million for 2007 compared to our net loss of $3.6 million the previous year, as well as a decrease in the collections of accounts receivable balances and the timing of payments and accruals for income taxes payable. This decrease was offset by a decrease in the use of cash for the purchasing of inventory, the timing of payments of accrued liabilities, and a decrease in deferred tax benefits. Cash flows provided by operating activities in 2005 were approximately $17.0 million.

 

Investing Activities

 

For the year ended December 31, 2007, net cash flow used in investing activities was approximately $5.7 million which included $4.3 million related to capital expenditures for equipment, computer systems, and software, and $1.0 million for the acquisition of intangibles related to the purchase of product formulations.

 

For the year ended December 31, 2006, net cash flow used in investing activities was approximately $4.0 million which included $2.7 million related to capital expenditures for equipment, computer systems, and software, and $0.8 million for the acquisition of intangibles related to the purchase of product formulations.

 

For the year ended December 31, 2005, net cash flow used in investing activities was approximately $3.7 million, which included $4.3 million of capital expenditures for equipment, computer systems and software, as well as leasehold improvements made to enhance existing operations, as well as the expansion of international markets.

 

Financing Activities

 

For the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005, cash flows used for financing activities were approximately $1.6 million, $9.3 million, and $7.3 million, respectively.

 

In 2006, we used funds of $7.0 million to pay off our outstanding line of credit.

 

During 2005, we used cash of approximately $11.4 million to purchase approximately 513,000 shares in a Dutch Auction tender of $22.15 per share. These Dutch Auction tenders were open to all shareholders of the Company, including employees. As of December 31, 2007, there were no plans approved by the Board of Directors to purchase any additional shares.

 

During 2007, 2006, and 2005, we used cash of $3.1 million, $3.1 million, and $3.1 million to pay quarterly cash dividend payments, respectively. We expect to continue to pay cash dividends in the future.

 

The uses of cash for financing activities above were partially offset by proceeds received from option holders exercising their options of $1.3 million, $0.6 million, and $7.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively.

 

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We believe that our working capital requirements can be met through our available cash and cash equivalents and cash generated from operating activities for the foreseeable future; however, a prolonged economic downturn or a decrease in the demand for our products could adversely affect our long-term liquidity. In the event of a significant decrease in cash provided by our operating activities, we might need to obtain additional external sources of funding.

 

We do not currently maintain a long-term credit facility or any other external sources of long-term funding; however, we believe that such funding could be obtained on competitive terms in the event additional sources of funds become necessary.

 

CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS

 

The following table summarizes information about contractual obligations as of December 31, 2007 (in thousands):

 

 

 

Total

 

Less than 1 year

 

1-3 years

 

3-5 years

 

After 5 years

 

Operating leases obligations

 

$

8,900

 

$

4,145

 

$

3,633

 

$

968

 

$

154

 

Purchase obligations(1)

 

9,206

 

9,206

 

 

 

 

Other long-term liabilities reflected on the balance sheet(2)

 

1,674

 

 

 

 

1,674

 

Total

 

$

19,780

 

$

13,351

 

$

3,633

 

$

968

 

$

1,828

 

 


(1)   Purchase obligations include non-cancelable purchase agreements for both botanical and non-botanical raw materials related to our forecasted 2008 production estimates, as well as related packaging materials.

 

(2)   The Company provides a nonqualified deferred compensation plan for its officers and certain key employees. Under this plan, participants may defer up to 100 percent of their annual salary and bonus (less the participant’s share of employment taxes). The deferrals become an obligation owed to the participant by the Company under the plan. Upon separation of the participant from the service of the Company, the obligation owed to the participant under the plan will be paid as a lump sum or over a period of either three or five years. As we cannot easily determine when our officers and key employees will separate from the Company, we have classified the obligation greater than five years for payment.

 

OFF BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

 

We have no off-balance sheet arrangements other than operating leases. We do not believe that these operating leases are material to our current or future financial position, results of operations, revenues or expenses, liquidity, capital expenditures, or capital resources.

 

RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

 

In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements”, which became effective for the Company on January 1, 2008. This statement defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 does not require any new fair value measurements, but applies to assets and liabilities that are required to be recorded at fair value under other accounting standards. In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position FAS No. 157-2 (“FSP No. 157-2”), “Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157”, which delays the Company’s January 1, 2008, effective date of FSP No. 157-2 for all nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except those recognized or disclosed at fair value in the consolidated financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually) until January 1, 2009. We adopted SFAS No. 157 on January 1, 2008, and that adoption did not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.

 

In June 2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes — an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109” (“FIN 48”). FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes by prescribing a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement

 

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of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The interpretation also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition. We adopted FIN 48 effective January 1, 2007. The adoption of FIN 48 did not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.

 

In September 2006, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108, “Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements” (“SAB 108”). SAB 108 provides guidance on how prior year misstatements should be considered when quantifying misstatements in the current year financial statements. The SAB requires registrants to quantify misstatements using both a balance sheet and an income statement approach and evaluate whether either approach results in quantifying a misstatement that, when all relevant quantitative and qualitative factors are considered, is material. SAB 108 does not change the guidance in SAB 99, “Materiality”, when evaluating the materiality of misstatements. SAB 108 is effective for fiscal years ending after November 15, 2006. Upon initial application, SAB 108 permits a one-time cumulative effect adjustment to beginning retained earnings. The adoption of SAB 108 did not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.

 

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“SFAS No. 159”). The fair value option established by this statement permits all entities to choose to measure eligible items at fair value at specified election dates. A business entity shall report unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected in earnings (or another performance indicator if the business entity does not report earnings) at each subsequent reporting date. Although this statement is voluntary, it is effective as of the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year that begins after November 15, 2007. We adopted SFAS No. 159 on January 1, 2008, and the adoption of the standard did not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.

 

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007), “Business Combinations”, (“SFAS No. 141R”), which changes how business combinations are accounted for and will impact financial statements both on the acquisition date and in subsequent periods. SFAS No. 141R is effective January 1, 2009, and will be applied prospectively. The effect of adopting SFAS No. 141R will depend on the nature and terms of future acquisitions.

 

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements” (“SFAS 160”), which changes the accounting and reporting standards for the noncontrolling interests in a subsidiary in consolidated financial statements. SFAS 160 recharacterizes minority interest as noncontrolling interests and requires noncontrolling interests to be classified as a component of shareholders’ equity. SFAS 160 is effective January 1, 2009 and requires retroactive adoption of the presentation and disclosure requirements for existing minority interest. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of SFAS 160 on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

In December 2007, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 110. SAB 110 expresses the views of the SEC regarding the use of a “simplified” or “shortcut” method, as discussed in SAB No. 107, “Share-Based Payment”, in developing an estimate of expected term of “plain vanilla” share options in accordance with SFAS No. 123R. The guidance in SAB 110 is effective as of January 1, 2008. The adoption of SAB 110 did not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

 

We conduct business in several countries and intend to continue to expand our international operations. Net sales revenue, operating income, and net income are affected by fluctuations in currency exchange rates, interest rates and other uncertainties inherent in doing business and selling product in more than one currency. In addition, our operations are exposed to risks associated with changes in social, political, and economic conditions inherent in international operations, including changes in the laws and policies that govern international investment in countries where we have operations, as well as, to a lesser extent, changes in United States laws and regulations relating to international trade and investment.

 

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Foreign Currency Risk

 

During the year ended December 31, 2007, approximately 58.3 percent of our net sales revenue and approximately 55.2 percent of our operating expenses were realized outside of the United States. Inventory purchases are transacted primarily in U.S. dollars from vendors located in the United States. The local currency of each international subsidiary is considered the functional currency, and all revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates for the periods reported. Therefore, reported sales and expenses will be positively impacted by a weakening of the U.S. dollar and will be negatively impacted by a strengthening of the U.S. dollar. Given the uncertainty of exchange rate fluctuations, we cannot estimate the effect of these fluctuations on our future business, product pricing, results of operations, or financial condition. Changes in currency exchange rates affect the relative prices at which we sell our products. We regularly monitor our foreign currency risks and periodically take measures to reduce the impact of foreign exchange rate fluctuations on our operating results. We do not use derivative instruments for hedging, trading, or speculating on foreign exchange rate fluctuations.

 

The following table sets forth average currency exchange rates of one U.S. dollar into local currency for each of the currencies in which sales revenue exceeded $10.0 million during any of the years presented.

 

Year ended December 31

 

2007

 

2006

 

2005

 

Canada (Dollar)

 

1.1

 

1.1

 

1.2

 

Japan (Yen)

 

117.7

 

116.3

 

109.9

 

Mexico (Peso)

 

10.9

 

10.9

 

10.9

 

Venezuela (Bolivar)

 

2,145.9

 

2,145.9

 

2,100.8

 

 

The functional currency in highly inflationary economies is the U.S. dollar and transactions denominated in the local currency are re-measured as if the functional currency were the U.S. dollar if they are considered material to the consolidated financial statements. The remeasurement of local currencies into U.S. dollars creates translation adjustments, which are included in the consolidated statements of operations. There were no countries considered to have a highly inflationary economy during 2005, 2006, or 2007.

 

Interest Rate Risk

 

The primary objectives of our investment activities are to preserve principal while maximizing yields without significantly increasing risk. These objectives are accomplished by purchasing investment grade securities, substantially all of which either mature within the next 12 months or have characteristics of marketable securities. On December 31, 2007, we had investments of $4.8 million of which $3.6 million were municipal obligations, which carry an average fixed interest rate of 4.9 percent and mature over a 5-year period. A hypothetical 1.0 percent change in interest rates would not have had a material effect on our liquidity, financial position, or results of operations. A portion of our long-term investments are auction rate securities. While the recent auction failures will limit our ability to liquidate these investments for some period of time, we do not believe the auction failures will materially impact our ability to fund our working capital needs, capital expenditures, or other business requirements.

 

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Nature’s Sunshine Products, Inc.

 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Nature’s Sunshine Products, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in shareholders’ equity and comprehensive income (loss), and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007. Our audits also included the financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15. These financial statements and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the financial statements and financial statement schedule based on our audits.

 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Nature’s Sunshine Products, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also, in our opinion, such financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.

 

As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, in 2007 the Company changed its method of accounting for uncertain tax positions to conform with Financial Accounting Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes”.

 

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on the criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated October 6, 2008 expressed an adverse opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

 

Salt Lake City, Utah

October 6, 2008

 

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NATURE’S SUNSHINE PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Amounts in thousands)

 

As of December 31

 

2007

 

2006

 

Assets

 

 

 

 

 

Current Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

45,299

 

$

39,061

 

Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $739 and $1,129, respectively

 

7,450

 

6,409

 

Investments available for sale

 

4,755

 

6,054

 

Inventories

 

35,249

 

38,639

 

Deferred income tax assets

 

8,071

 

5,727

 

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

 

8,153

 

6,049

 

Total current assets

 

108,977

 

101,939

 

Property, plant and equipment, net

 

28,282

 

30,581

 

Investment securities

 

1,674

 

1,594

 

Restricted investments

 

2,075

 

 

Intangible assets

 

1,656

 

755

 

Deferred income tax assets

 

5,828

 

5,732

 

Other assets

 

16,846

 

7,746

 

 

 

$

165,338

 

$

148,347

 

Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity

 

 

 

 

 

Current Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts payable

 

$

7,009

 

6,529

 

Accrued volume incentives

 

15,922

 

15,247

 

Accrued liabilities

 

44,322

 

43,816

 

Deferred revenue

 

5,207

 

4,814

 

Income taxes payable

 

4,500

 

7,565

 

Total current liabilities

 

76,960

 

77,971

 

Liability related to unrecognized tax positions

 

 

25,888

 

 

Deferred compensation payable

 

1,674

 

1,594

 

Other liabilities

 

424

 

596

 

Total long-term liabilities

 

27,986

 

2,190

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commitments and Contingencies (Notes 8 and 11)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Shareholders’ Equity:

 

 

 

 

 

Common stock, no par value; 20,000 shares authorized, 15,510 and 15,348 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively

 

66,619

 

64,795

 

Retained earnings

 

9,112

 

20,451

 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

 

(15,339

)

(17,060

)

Total shareholders’ equity

 

60,392

 

68,186

 

 

 

$

165,338

 

$

148,347

 

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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NATURE’S SUNSHINE PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Amounts in thousands, except per share information)

 

Year Ended December 31

 

2007

 

2006

 

2005

 

Net Sales Revenue (net of the rebate portion of volume incentives of $43,927, $41,344, and $39,453, respectively)

 

$

366,647

 

$

362,222

 

$

351,684

 

Costs and Expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cost of goods sold

 

70,996

 

68,745

 

67,593

 

Volume incentives

 

143,884

 

145,827

 

144,125

 

Selling, general and administrative

 

148,706

 

139,645

 

128,381

 

 

 

363,586

 

354,217

 

340,099

 

Operating Income

 

3,061

 

8,005

 

11,585

 

Other Income (Expense):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest and other income, net

 

1,409

 

1,319

 

821

 

Interest expense

 

(69

)

(609

)

(730

)

Foreign exchange gains (losses), net

 

64

 

(86

)

(253

)

 

 

1,404

 

624

 

(162

)

Income Before Provision for Income Taxes

 

4,465

 

8,629

 

11,423

 

Provision for Income Taxes

 

12,702

 

12,194

 

7,919

 

Net (Loss) Income

 

$

(8,237

)

$

(3,565

)

$

3,504

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic Net (Loss) Income Per Common Share

 

$

(0.53

)

$

(0.23

)

$

0.23

 

Diluted Net (Loss) Income Per Common Share

 

$

(0.53

)

$

(0.23

)

$

0.23

 

Basic Common Shares Outstanding

 

15,495

 

15,344

 

15,211

 

Diluted Common Shares Outstanding

 

15,495

 

15,344

 

15,515

 

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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NATURE’S SUNSHINE PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(Amounts in thousands)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accumulated

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other

 

 

 

 

 

Common Stock

 

Retained

 

Comprehensive

 

 

 

 

 

Shares

 

Value

 

Earnings

 

Income (Loss)

 

Total

 

Balance at January 1, 2005

 

14,875

 

$

55,167

 

$

35,773

 

$

(15,086

)

$

75,854

 

Common stock repurchased and retired

 

(513

)

(2,224

)

(9,139

)

 

(11,363

)

Common stock issued under stock option plan

 

920

 

7,660

 

 

 

7,660

 

Tax benefit related to exercise of stock options

 

 

3,426

 

 

 

3,426

 

Cash dividends

 

 

 

(3,053

)

 

(3,053

)

Components of comprehensive income (loss):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign currency translation (net of tax of $308)

 

 

 

 

(573

)

 

 

Net unrealized losses on investment securities (net of tax of $17)

 

 

 

 

(28

)

 

 

Reclassification adjustment for net realized gains on investment securities included in net income (net of tax of $12)

 

 

 

 

(20

)

 

 

Net income

 

 

 

3,504

 

 

 

 

Total comprehensive income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,883

 

Balance at December 31, 2005

 

15,282

 

64,029

 

27,085

 

(15,707

)

75,407

 

Common stock issued under stock option plan

 

66

 

551

 

 

 

551

 

Tax benefit related to exercise of stock options

 

 

215

 

 

 

215

 

Cash dividends

 

 

 

(3,069

)

 

(3,069

)

Components of comprehensive income (loss):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign currency translation (net of tax of $738)

 

 

 

 

(1,371

)

 

 

Net unrealized gains on investment securities (net of tax of $18)

 

 

 

 

27

 

 

 

Reclassification adjustment for net realized gains on investment securities included in net loss (net of tax of $6)

 

 

 

 

(9

)

 

 

Net loss

 

 

 

(3,565

)

 

 

 

Total comprehensive loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(4,918

)

Balance at December 31, 2006

 

15,348

 

64,795

 

20,451

 

(17,060

)

68,186

 

Common stock issued under stock option plan

 

162

 

1,252

 

 

 

1,252

 

Tax benefit related to exercise of stock options

 

 

246

 

 

 

246

 

Share-based compensation expense

 

 

326

 

 

 

326

 

Cash dividends

 

 

 

(3,102

)

 

(3,102

)

Components of comprehensive income (loss):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign currency translation (net of tax of $1,066)

 

 

 

 

1,625

 

 

 

Net unrealized gains on investment securities (net of tax of $63)

 

 

 

 

96

 

 

 

Net loss

 

 

 

(8,237

)

 

 

 

Total comprehensive loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(6,516

)

Balance at December 31, 2007

 

15,510

 

$

66,619

 

$

9,112

 

$

(15,339

)

$

60,392

 

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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NATURE’S SUNSHINE PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Amounts In Thousands)

 

Year Ended December 31

 

2007

 

2006

 

2005

 

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net (loss) income

 

$

(8,237

)

$

(3,565

)

$

3,504

 

Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Provision for doubtful accounts

 

(208

)

(441

)

460

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

6,409

 

6,224

 

5,959

 

Share-based compensation expense

 

326

 

 

 

Tax benefit from stock option exercises

 

(246

)

(215

)

3,426

 

Loss (gain) on sale of property, plant and equipment

 

(18

)

50

 

(42

)

Deferred income taxes

 

(1,450

)

(2,685

)

1,108

 

Amortization of bond discount

 

48

 

69

 

72

 

Purchase of trading investment securities

 

(149

)

(167

)

(261

)

Proceeds from sale of trading investment securities

 

173

 

570

 

531

 

Realized and unrealized (gains) losses on investments

 

(171

)

(157

)

68

 

Amortization of prepaid taxes related to gain on intercompany sales

 

1,471

 

1,280

 

 

Foreign exchange gains

 

433

 

497

 

701

 

Changes in assets and liabilities (excluding the effects of FIN 48 reclassification as discussed in Note 8):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts receivable

 

(857

)

2,720

 

1,281

 

Inventories

 

3,780

 

(3,423

)

84

 

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

 

(1,826

)

178

 

483

 

Other assets

 

(323

)

(951

)

(5,876

)

Accounts payable

 

358

 

(893

)

(31

)

Accrued volume incentives

 

383

 

(235

)

2,408

 

Accrued liabilities

 

15,480

 

11,121

 

2,357

 

Deferred revenue

 

393

 

137

 

(425

)

Income taxes payable

 

(3,017

)

4,411

 

1,400

 

Deferred compensation payable

 

80

 

(273

)

(195

)

Net cash provided by operating activities

 

12,832

 

14,252

 

17,012

 

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Purchases of property, plant and equipment

 

(4,456

)

(2,718

)

(4,284

)

Proceeds from sale of investments available for sale

 

1,432

 

1,396

 

1,718

 

Purchase of investments available for sale

 

 

(1,901

)

(1,317

)

Purchase of restricted investments

 

(2,075

)

 

 

Purchase of intangible assets

 

(1,000

)

(763

)

 

Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment

 

398

 

27

 

204

 

Net cash used in investing activities

 

(5,701

)

(3,959

)

(3,679

)

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Advances on line of credit

 

 

4,643

 

27,000

 

Payments on line of credit

 

 

(11,643

)

(27,500

)

Repurchase and retirement of common stock

 

 

 

(11,363

)

Payments of cash dividends

 

(3,102

)

(3,069

)

(3,053

)

Proceeds from exercise of stock options

 

1,252

 

551

 

7,660

 

Tax benefit from stock option exercises

 

246

 

215

 

 

Net cash used in financing activities

 

(1,604

)

(9,303

)

(7,256

)

Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents

 

711

 

196

 

(895

)

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents

 

6,238

 

1,186

 

5,182

 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the year

 

39,061

 

37,875

 

32,693

 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year

 

$

45,299

 

$

39,061

 

$

37,875

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash paid for income taxes

 

$

11,140

 

$

6,015

 

$

2,867

 

Cash paid for interest

 

85

 

297

 

388

 

Supplemental disclosure of noncash investing and financing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Purchases of property, plant and equipment included in accounts payable

 

$

78

 

$

138

 

$

133

 

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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NATURE’S SUNSHINE PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

(Amounts in thousands, except per share information)

 

NOTE 1: NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

Nature of Operations

 

Nature’s Sunshine Products, Inc. and its subsidiaries (hereinafter referred to collectively as the “Company”) are primarily engaged in the manufacturing and marketing of herbal products, vitamin and mineral supplements, personal care, and miscellaneous products. Nature’s Sunshine Products, Inc. is a Utah corporation with its principal place of business in Provo, Utah. The Company sells its products to a sales force of independent Distributors and Managers who use the products themselves or resell them to other Distributors or consumers. The formulation, manufacturing, packaging, labeling, advertising, distribution and sale of each of the Company’s major product groups are subject to regulation by one or more governmental agencies.

 

The Company markets its products in the United States, South Korea, Mexico, Venezuela, Japan, Brazil, Canada, Central America, Colombia, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Peru, the United Kingdom, Austria, Germany, the Netherlands, Israel, Taiwan, Thailand, Singapore, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Australia, Russia, Ukraine, Latvia, Lithuania, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, and Belarus. The Company also exports its products to several other countries, including Argentina, Australia, Chile, New Zealand, and Norway.

 

Principles of Consolidation

 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts and transactions of Nature’s Sunshine Products, Inc. and its subsidiaries. At December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005, all of the Company’s subsidiaries were wholly owned. Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

 

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, in these financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from these estimates and those differences could have a material effect on the Company’s financial position and results of operations.

 

The significant accounting estimates inherent in the preparation of the Company’s financial statements include estimates associated with its evaluation of impairment of long-lived assets, the determination of liabilities related to Distributor and Manager incentives, the determination of income tax assets and liabilities, certain other non-income tax and value-added tax contingencies, legal contingencies, share-based compensation, and the valuation of investments. In addition, significant estimates form the basis for allowances with respect to the collection of accounts receivable, inventory valuations and self-insurance liabilities associated with product liability and medical claims. Various assumptions and other factors enter into the determination of these significant estimates. The process of determining significant estimates takes into account historical experience and current and expected economic conditions.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

The Company considers all highly liquid short-term investments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Substantially all of the Company’s cash deposits either exceed the United States federally insured limit or are located in countries that do not have government insured accounts or are subject to tax withholdings when repatriating earnings.

 

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NATURE’S SUNSHINE PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

 

(Amounts in thousands, except per share information)

 

Accounts Receivable Allowances

 

Accounts receivable have been reduced by an allowance for amounts that may be uncollectible in the future. This estimated allowance is based primarily on the aging category, historical trends and management’s evaluation of the financial condition of the customer. This reserve is adjusted periodically as information about specific accounts becomes available.

 

Investment Securities

 

The Company’s investment securities, which are generally categorized as available-for-sale securities, are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in shareholders’ equity. Unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities that are determined to be other than temporary are included in the determination of net income in the period in which that determination is made. The cost of the securities sold is based on the specific identification method. Realized gains and losses on sales of available-for-sale securities are included in interest and other income.

 

The Company also has certain investment securities classified as trading securities. The Company maintains its trading securities portfolio to generate returns that are offset by corresponding changes in certain liabilities related to the Company’s deferred compensation plans (see Note 10). The trading securities portfolio consists of marketable securities, which are recorded at fair value and are included in long-term investment securities on the consolidated balance sheets because they remain assets of the Company until they are actually paid out to the participants. The Company has established a rabbi trust to finance obligations under the plan. Both realized and unrealized gains and losses on trading securities are included in interest and other income.

 

Restricted Investments

 

The Company’s restricted investments include auction rate preferred investments totaling $2,075 with Merrill Lynch with investment grades of AAA (original date of purchase) as of December 31, 2007. Auction rate preferred investments are similar in nature to auction rates securities in that they are long-term bonds or preferred stocks that act like short-term debt; however unlike auction rates securities, these investments require at least 200% collateral by the issuer. Interest rates for these investments reset in Dutch auctions held weekly. These investments are carried at par, which approximates fair value. The auction process for action rate investments historically provided a liquid market for these investments. However, in the second half of 2007, this process began to deteriorate. While the Company’s portfolio was not affected by the auction rate process in 2007, the investments held by the Company experienced auction failures during the first quarter of 2008. An unsuccessful auction is an event when there are fewer securities bid for than are available for sale. As a result, the Company has reclassified these securities as long-term investments. Given that all of the securities experienced successful auctions prior to December 31, 2007 and the Company has the ability and intent to hold the investments until a successful auction occurs, management does not believe that the current state of the credit markets requires the Company to adjust the fair value of its portfolio of auction rate securities. In addition, the Company has collected all interest payable on the auction rate investments as they are due.

 

If the auction rate investments continue to experience unsuccessful auctions, or if the credit rating of the auction rate security issuer or the third party insurer of the issuers of the investments underlying the securities deteriorates, management may be required to adjust the carrying value of the auction rate security through an impairment charge. While the recent auction failures will limit the Company’s ability to liquidate these investments for some period of time, management does not believe the auction failures will impact the Company’s ability to fund working capital needs, capital expenditures, or other business requirements. The Company will continue to monitor the state of the credit markets and its potential impact, if any, on the fair value and classification of its portfolio of auction rate securities.

 

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NATURE’S SUNSHINE PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

 

(Amounts in thousands, except per share information)

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

The Company’s financial instruments consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents, accounts receivable, investments, accounts payable, and line of credit. The carrying values of these financial instruments approximate their fair values. The estimated fair values have been determined using appropriate market information and valuation methodologies.

 

Inventories

 

Inventories are stated at the lower-of-cost-or-market, using the first-in, first-out method. The components of inventory cost include raw materials, labor and overhead. To estimate any necessary lower-of-cost-or-market adjustments, various assumptions are made in regard to excess or slow-moving inventories, non-conforming inventories, expiration dates, current and future product demand, production planning, and market conditions.

 

Property, Plant and Equipment

 

Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets. Estimated useful lives for buildings range from 20 to 50 years, building improvements range from 7 to 10 years, machinery and equipment range from 2 to 10 years, and furniture and fixtures range from 2 to 5 years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful lives of the related assets. Maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred, and major improvements are capitalized.

 

Intangible Assets

 

Intangible assets consist of purchased product formulations. Such intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated economic lives of the assets of 15 years. Intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization, totaled $1,656 and $755 at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

 

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

 

The Company reviews its long-lived assets, such as property, plant and equipment and intangible assets for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. The Company uses an estimate of future undiscounted net cash flows of the related assets or groups of assets over their remaining lives in measuring whether the assets are recoverable. An impairment loss is calculated by determining the difference between the carrying values and the fair values of these assets. At December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company did not consider any of its long-lived assets to be impaired.

 

Foreign Currency Translation

 

The local currency of the foreign subsidiaries is used as the functional currency, except for subsidiaries operating in highly inflationary economies. The financial statements of foreign subsidiaries, where the local currency is the functional currency, are translated into U.S. dollars using exchange rates in effect at year end for assets and liabilities and average exchange rates during each year for the results of operations. Adjustments resulting from translation of financial statements are reflected in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are included in interest and other income (expense) in the consolidated statements of operations.

 

The functional currency in highly inflationary economies is the U.S. dollar and transactions denominated in the local currency are remeasured as if the functional currency were the U.S. dollar. The remeasurement of local currencies into U.S. dollars creates translation adjustments, which are included in the consolidated statements of operations.  There were no countries considered to have a highly inflationary economy during 2005, 2006, or 2007.

 

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NATURE’S SUNSHINE PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

 

(Amounts in thousands, except per share information)

 

Revenue Recognition

 

Net sales revenue and related volume incentive expenses are recorded when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, collectibility is reasonably assured, the amount is fixed and determinable, and title and risk of loss have passed, generally when the merchandise has been delivered. Amounts received for undelivered merchandise are recorded as deferred revenue. Sales revenue is recorded net of the rebate portion of volume incentives. A reserve for product returns, which reduces revenue, is accrued based on historical experience. From time to time, the Company’s United States operation extends short-term credit associated with product promotions. In addition for certain of the Company’s international operations, the Company offers credit terms consistent with industry standards within the country of operation. Payments to Distributors and Managers for sales incentives or rebates are recorded as a reduction of revenue. Membership fees are deferred and amortized as revenue over the life of the membership, which is primarily one year. Prepaid event registration fees are deferred and recognized as revenues when the related event is held.

 

Amounts billed to customers for shipping and handling are reported as a component of net sales revenue. Shipping and handling revenues of approximately $9,453, $10,131, and $9,110 were reported as net sales revenue for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively. The corresponding shipping and handling expenses are reported in selling, general and administrative expenses and approximated the amounts reported as net sales revenue.

 

Taxes that have been assessed by governmental authorities and that are directly imposed on revenue-producing transactions between the Company and its customers, including sales, use, value-added, and some excise taxes, are presented on a net basis (excluded from net sales) as permitted by Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) 06-3, “How Taxes Collected from Customers and Remitted to Governmental Authorities should be Presented in the Income Statement (that is, Gross versus Net Presentation)”.

 

Advertising Costs

 

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising expense incurred for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005 totaled approximately $1,547, $1,453, and $1,665, respectively.

 

Research and Development

 

All research and development costs are expensed as incurred and classified in selling, general and administrative expense. Total research and development expenses were approximately $1,940, $1,920, and $1,754 in 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively.

 

Income Taxes

 

Income taxes are recorded using the asset and liability method. This method recognizes a liability or asset for the deferred income tax consequences of temporary differences between the tax basis of assets or liabilities and their reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements. These temporary differences will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years when the reported amounts of the assets or liabilities are recovered or settled. Net deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. In evaluating the realization of its deferred tax assets, the Company considers all available positive and negative evidence, including past operating results and forecasts of future taxable income, including tax planning strategies. These forecasts require significant judgment and assumptions to estimate future taxable income and are based on the plans and estimates that the Company uses to manage its business. The Company has established a valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets in each jurisdiction where it cannot conclude that it is more likely than not that such assets will be realized. In the event that actual results differ from the forecasts or the Company adjusts the forecasts or assumptions in the future, the resulting change in the valuation allowance could have a significant impact on future income tax expense (see Note 8).

 

The Company is subject to income taxes in the United States and numerous foreign jurisdictions. In the ordinary course of the Company’s business there are calculations and transactions, including transfer pricing, where the ultimate

 

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NATURE’S SUNSHINE PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

 

(Amounts in thousands, except per share information)

 

tax determination is uncertain. In addition, changes in tax laws and regulations as well as adverse judicial rulings could adversely affect the income tax provision. The Company believes that it has adequately provided for income tax issues not yet resolved with federal, state, local and foreign tax authorities. However, if these provided amounts prove to be more than what is necessary, the reversal of the reserves would result in tax benefits being recognized in the period in which the Company determines that provision for the liabilities is no longer necessary. If an ultimate tax assessment exceeds the Company’s estimate of tax liabilities, an additional charge to expense would be required.

 

In July 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Interpretation No. 48 (“FIN 48”), “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes”, which clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in the financial statements in accordance with SFAS 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes”. Under FIN 48, tax positions shall initially be recognized in the financial statements when it is more likely than not the position will be sustained upon examination by the tax authorities. Such tax positions shall initially and subsequently be measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the tax authority assuming full knowledge of the position and all relevant facts.

 

Net Income Per Common Share

 

Basic net income (loss) per common share (“Basic EPS”) excludes dilution and is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the year. Diluted net income per common share (“Diluted EPS”) reflects the potential dilution that could occur if stock options or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock. The computation of Diluted EPS does not assume exercise or conversion of securities that would have an anti-dilutive effect on net income (loss) per common share.

 

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NATURE’S SUNSHINE PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

 

(Amounts in thousands, except per share information)

 

Following is a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator of Basic EPS to the numerator and denominator of Diluted EPS for all years:

 

 

 

Net Income (Loss)
(Numerator)

 

Shares 
(Denominator)

 

Net Income 
(Loss) Per 
Share Amount

 

Year Ended December 31, 2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic EPS

 

$

(8,237

)

15,495

 

$

(0.53

)

Effect of options

 

 

 

 

Diluted EPS

 

$

(8,237

)

15,495

 

$

(0.53

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31, 2006

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic EPS

 

$

(3,565

)

15,344

 

$

(0.23

)

Effect of options

 

 

 

 

Diluted EPS

 

$

(3,565

)

15,344

 

$

(0.23

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31, 2005

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic EPS

 

$

3,504

 

15,211

 

$

0.23

 

Effect of options

 

 

304

 

 

Diluted EPS

 

$

3,504

 

15,515

 

$

0.23

 

 

Because of net losses in the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, common stock options were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because the effect on net loss per share would be antidilutive. For the year ended December 31, 2005, there were outstanding options to purchase 15 shares of common stock that were not included in the computation of Diluted EPS because the options’ exercise prices were greater than the average market price of the common shares during the year.

 

Share-Based Compensation

 

Effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted Statements of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 123(R), “Share-Based Payment” (“SFAS No. 123(R)”), which requires all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the statement of operations based on their fair values. This accounting utilizes a “modified grant-date” approach in which the fair value of an equity award is estimated on the grant date without regard to service or performance vesting conditions. The Company adopted SFAS No. 123(R) using the “modified prospective” transition method. Under this transition method, compensation expense was recognized beginning January 1, 2006 based on the requirements of SFAS No. 123(R) for all stock options vesting after December 31, 2005. Upon adoption, there were no unvested stock options, and therefore, the impact of adopting SFAS No. 123(R) was not significant. Under SFAS No. 123(R), the Company records compensation expense over the vesting period of the stock options based on the fair value of the stock options on the date of grant.

 

Prior to January 1, 2006, the Company accounted for stock option compensation under the recognition and measurement provisions of Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees” (“APB 25”), and related Interpretations, as permitted by SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” (“SFAS No. 123”). Accordingly, the Company did not record any compensation expense for stock options, as the exercise price of the option was equal to or greater than the quoted market price of the stock on the date of grant. Had compensation expense been determined consistent with SFAS No. 123(R), the Company’s net income and net income per common share would have been reduced to the following pro forma amounts for the years ended December 31, 2005:

 

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NATURE’S SUNSHINE PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

 

(Amounts in thousands, except per share information)

 

Year ended December 31

 

 

 

2005

 

Net Income

 

As reported

 

$

3,504

 

 

 

Stock option expense, net of tax

 

(199

)

 

 

Pro forma

 

3,305

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic Earnings Per Share

 

As reported

 

$

0.23

 

 

 

Stock option expense, net of tax

 

(0.01

)

 

 

Pro forma

 

0.22

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Diluted Earnings Per Share

 

As reported

 

$

0.23

 

 

 

Stock option expense, net of tax

 

(0.01

)

 

 

Pro forma

 

0.22

 

 

There were no stock option grants for the year ended December 31, 2006 or 2005.

 

Comprehensive Income (Loss)

 

Comprehensive income (loss) includes all changes in shareholders’ equity except those resulting from investments by, and distributions to, shareholders. Accordingly, the Company’s comprehensive income (loss) includes net income (loss), net unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities, reclassifications of realized gains, and foreign currency adjustments that arise from the translation of the financial statements of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries.

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS No. 157”), which became effective for the Company on January 1, 2008. This statement defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 does not require any new fair value measurements, but applies to assets and liabilities that are required to be recorded at fair value under other accounting standards. In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position FAS No. 157-2, “Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157” (“FSP No. 157-2”), which delays the Company’s January 1, 2008, effective date of FSP No. 157-2 for all nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except those recognized or disclosed at fair value in the consolidated financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually) until January 1, 2009. The Company adopted SFAS No. 157 on January 1, 2008, and that adoption did not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“SFAS No. 159”). The fair value option established by this statement permits all entities to choose to measure eligible items at fair value at specified election dates. A business entity shall report unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected in earnings (or another performance indicator if the business entity does not report earnings) at each subsequent reporting date. Although this statement is voluntary, it is effective as of the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year that begins after November 15, 2007. The Company adopted SFAS No. 159 on January 1, 2008. The adoption of the standard did not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

In September 2006, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108, “Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements” (“SAB 108”). SAB 108 provides guidance on how prior year misstatements should be considered when quantifying misstatements in the current year financial statements. The SAB requires registrants to quantify misstatements using both a balance sheet and an income statement approach and evaluate whether either approach results in quantifying a misstatement that, when all relevant quantitative and qualitative factors are considered, is material. SAB 108 does not change the guidance in SAB 99, “Materiality”, when evaluating the materiality of misstatements. SAB 108 is effective for fiscal years ending after

 

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NATURE’S SUNSHINE PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

 

(Amounts in thousands, except per share information)

 

November 15, 2006. Upon initial application, SAB 108 permits a one-time cumulative effect adjustment to beginning retained earnings. The adoption of SAB 108 did not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.

 

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007), “Business Combinations” (“SFAS No. 141R”), which changes how business combinations are accounted for and will impact financial statements both on the acquisition date and in subsequent periods. SFAS No. 141R is effective January 1, 2009, and will be applied prospectively. The impact of adopting SFAS No. 141R will depend on the nature and terms of future acquisitions.

 

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements” (“SFAS 160”), which changes the accounting and reporting standards for the noncontrolling interests in a subsidiary in consolidated financial statements. SFAS 160 recharacterizes minority interest as noncontrolling interests and requires noncontrolling interests to be classified as a component of shareholders’ equity. SFAS 160 is effective January 1, 2009 and requires retroactive adoption of the presentation and disclosure requirements for existing minority interest. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of SFAS 160 on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

In December 2007, the SEC issued SAB No. 110. SAB No. 110 expresses the views of the SEC regarding the use of a “simplified” or “shortcut” method, as discussed in SAB No. 107, “Share-Based Payment”, in developing an estimate of expected term of “plain vanilla” share options in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R). The guidance in SAB 110 is effective as of January 1, 2008. The impact of adopting SAB No. 110 did not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

NOTE 2: INVENTORIES

 

The composition of inventories is as follows:

 

As of December 31

 

2007

 

2006

 

Raw materials

 

$

8,175

 

$

8,670

 

Work in process

 

912

 

1,224

 

Finished goods

 

26,162

 

28,745

 

 

 

$

35,249

 

$

38,639

 

 

NOTE 3: PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

 

The composition of property, plant and equipment is as follows:

 

As of December 31

 

2007