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pure iso4217:USD 2024-12-31 0000002664 false 2025-05-01 485BPOS -0.0182 0.0925 0.1979 -0.0488 0.2829 0.1674 0.2841 -0.1508 0.2678 0.2332 N-1A VOYA VARIABLE FUNDS Voya Growth and Income Portfolio Investment Objective The Portfolio seeks to maximize total return through investments in a diversified portfolio of common stock and securities convertible into common stocks. It is anticipated that capital appreciation and investment income will both be major factors in achieving total return. Fees and Expenses of the Portfolio The table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold, and sell shares of the Portfolio. You may pay other fees and expenses such as fees and expenses imposed under your variable annuity contracts or variable life insurance policies (“Variable Contract”) or a qualified pension or retirement plan (“Qualified Plan”), which are not reflected in the tables and examples below. If these fees or expenses were included in the table, the Portfolio’s expenses would be higher. For more information on these charges, please refer to the documents governing your Variable Contract or Qualified Plan or consult your plan administrator. Annual Portfolio Operating Expenses Expenses you pay each year as a % of the value of your investment 0.0060 0.0060 0.0060 0.0060 0.0050 0 0.0025 0.0040 0.0007 0.0007 0.0007 0.0007 0.0117 0.0067 0.0092 0.0107 -0.0005 0 0 0 0.0112 0.0067 0.0092 0.0107 May 1, 2026 Expense Example This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in shares of the Portfolio with the costs of investing in other mutual funds. The Example does not reflect expenses and charges which are, or may be, imposed under your Variable Contract or Qualified Plan. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Portfolio for the time periods indicated. The Example also assumes that your investment had a 5% return each year and that the Portfolio's operating expenses remain the same. The Example reflects applicable expense limitation agreements and/or waivers in effect, if any, for the one-year period and the first year of the three-, five-, and ten-year periods. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be: 114 367 639 1416 68 214 373 835 94 293 509 1131 109 340 590 1306 Portfolio Turnover The Portfolio pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Portfolio Operating Expenses or in the Expense Example, affect the Portfolio's performance.During the most recent fiscal year, the Portfolio's portfolio turnover rate was 95% of the average value of its portfolio. 0.95 Principal Investment Strategies Under normal circumstances, the Portfolio invests at least 80% of its net assets (plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) in investments that the Portfolio believes have potential for growth, income, or both. For purposes of this 80% policy, growth means investments that are expected to generate capital appreciation. For purposes of this 80% policy, income means investments or instruments of any kind that are expected to produce income, including, without limitation, those that pay dividends and/or interest, whether in cash or in kind; that generate premiums; that are issued at a discount; or that otherwise generate or result in income for the Portfolio. The sub-adviser (the “Sub-Adviser”) may invest principally in common stock and securities convertible into common stock having significant potential for capital appreciation, may purchase common stock principally for their income potential through dividends, or may acquire securities having a mix of these characteristics. The Portfolio may invest in derivative instruments including, but not limited to, put and call options. The Portfolio may also engage in option writing. The Portfolio typically uses derivatives to seek to reduce exposure to volatility and to substitute for taking a position in the underlying asset. The Portfolio may invest in other investment companies, including exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), to the extent permitted under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder, and under the terms of applicable no-action relief or exemptive orders granted thereunder. The Portfolio may invest in real estate-related securities, including real estate investment trusts (“REITs”). In managing the Portfolio, the Sub-Adviser emphasizes stocks of larger companies; looks to strategically invest the Portfolio's assets in stocks of mid-capitalization companies and up to 25% of its total assets in stocks of foreign (non-U.S.) issuers, depending upon market conditions; and utilizes an intensive, fundamentally driven research process to evaluate company financial characteristics (e.g., price-to-earnings ratios, growth rates, and earnings estimates) to select securities within each class. In analyzing these characteristics, the Sub-Adviser attempts to identify positive earnings momentum and positive valuation characteristics in selecting securities whose perceived value is not reflected in their price. In evaluating investments for the Portfolio, the Sub-Adviser takes into account a wide variety of factors and considerations to determine whether any or all of those factors or considerations might have a material effect on the value, risks, or prospects of a company. Among the factors considered, the Sub-Adviser expects typically to take into account environmental, social, and governance (“ESG”) factors. In considering ESG factors, the Sub-Adviser intends to rely primarily on factors identified through its proprietary empirical research and on third-party evaluations of a company’s ESG standing. ESG factors will be only one of many considerations in the Sub-Adviser’s evaluation of any potential investment; the extent to which ESG factors will affect the Sub-Adviser’s decision to invest in a company, if at all, will depend on the analysis and judgment of the Sub-Adviser. The Sub-Adviser may sell securities for a variety of reasons, such as to secure gains, limit losses, or redeploy assets into opportunities believed to be more promising. The Portfolio may lend portfolio securities on a short-term or long-term basis, up to 33 1∕3% of its total assets. You could lose money on an investment in the Portfolio. Company: The price of a company’s stock could decline or underperform for many reasons, including, among others, poor management, financial problems, reduced demand for the company’s goods or services, regulatory fines and judgments, or business challenges. If a company is unable to meet its financial obligations, declares bankruptcy, or becomes insolvent, its stock could become worthless. Convertible Securities: Convertible securities are securities that are convertible into or exercisable for common stocks at a stated price or rate. Convertible securities are subject to the usual risks associated with debt instruments, such as interest rate risk and credit risk. In addition, because convertible securities react to changes in the value of the underlying stock, they are subject to market risk. Credit: The Portfolio could lose money if the issuer or guarantor of a debt instrument in which the Portfolio invests, or the counterparty to a derivative contract the Portfolio entered into, is unable or unwilling, or is perceived (whether by market participants, rating agencies, pricing services, or otherwise) as unable or unwilling, to meet its financial obligations. Currency: To the extent that the Portfolio invests directly or indirectly in foreign (non-U.S.) currencies or in securities denominated in, or that trade in, foreign (non-U.S.) currencies, it is subject to the risk that those foreign (non-U.S.) currencies will decline in value relative to the U.S. dollar or, in the case of hedging positions, that the U.S. dollar will decline in value relative to the currency being hedged by the Portfolio through foreign currency exchange transactions. Derivative Instruments: Derivative instruments are subject to a number of risks, including the risk of changes in the market price of the underlying asset, reference rate, or index credit risk with respect to the counterparty, risk of loss due to changes in market interest rates, liquidity risk, valuation risk, and volatility risk. The amounts required to purchase certain derivatives may be small relative to the magnitude of exposure assumed by the Portfolio. Therefore, the purchase of certain derivatives may have an economic leveraging effect on the Portfolio and exaggerate any increase or decrease in the net asset value. Derivatives may not perform as expected, so the Portfolio may not realize the intended benefits. When used for hedging purposes, the change in value of a derivative may not correlate as expected with the asset, reference rate, or index being hedged. When used as an alternative or substitute for direct cash investment, the return provided by the derivative may not provide the same return as direct cash investment. Dividend: Companies that issue dividend yielding equity securities are not required to continue to pay dividends on such securities. Therefore, there is a possibility that such companies could reduce or eliminate the payment of dividends in the future. As a result, the Portfolio’s ability to execute its investment strategy may be limited. Environmental, Social, and Governance (Equity): The Sub-Adviser’s consideration of ESG factors in selecting investments for the Portfolio is based on information that is not standardized, some of which can be qualitative and subjective by nature. The Sub-Adviser’s assessment of ESG factors in respect of a company may rely on third-party data that might be incorrect or based on incomplete or inaccurate information. There is no minimum percentage of the Portfolio’s assets that will be invested in companies that the Sub-Adviser views favorably in light of ESG factors, and the Sub-Adviser may choose not to invest in companies that compare favorably to other companies on the basis of ESG factors. It is possible that the Portfolio will have less exposure to certain companies due to the Sub-Adviser’s assessment of ESG factors than other comparable mutual funds. There can be no assurance that an investment selected by the Sub-Adviser, which includes its consideration of ESG factors, will provide more favorable investment performance than another potential investment, and such an investment may, in fact, underperform other potential investments. Foreign (Non-U.S.) Investments: Investing in foreign (non-U.S.) securities may result in the Portfolio experiencing more rapid and extreme changes in value than a fund that invests exclusively in securities of U.S. companies due, in part, to: smaller markets; differing reporting, accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and practices; nationalization, expropriation, or confiscatory taxation; foreign currency fluctuations, currency blockage, or replacement; potential for default on sovereign debt; and political changes or diplomatic developments, which may include the imposition of economic sanctions (or the threat of new or modified sanctions) or other measures by the U.S. or other governments and supranational organizations. Markets and economies throughout the world are becoming increasingly interconnected, and conditions or events in one market, country or region may adversely impact investments or issuers in another market, country or region. Growth Investing: Prices of growth-oriented stocks are more sensitive to investor perceptions of the issuer’s growth potential and may fall quickly and significantly if investors suspect that actual growth may be less than expected. There is a risk that funds that invest in growth-oriented stocks may underperform other funds that invest more broadly. Growth-oriented stocks tend to be more volatile than value-oriented stocks, and may underperform the market as a whole over any given time period. Interest Rate: A rise in market interest rates generally results in a fall in the value of bonds and other debt instruments; conversely, values generally rise as market interest rates fall. Interest rate risk is generally greater for debt instruments than floating-rate instruments. The higher the credit quality of the instrument, and the longer its maturity or duration, the more sensitive it is to changes in market interest rates. Duration is a measure of sensitivity of the price of a debt instrument to a change in interest rate. The U.S. Federal Reserve Board recently lowered interest rates following a period of consistent rate increases. Declining market interest rates increase the likelihood that debt instruments will be pre- paid . Rising market interest rates have unpredictable effects on the markets and may expose debt and related markets to heightened volatility. To the extent that the Portfolio invests in debt instruments, an increase in market interest rates may lead to increased redemptions and increased portfolio turnover, which could reduce liquidity for certain investments, adversely affect values, and increase costs. Increased redemptions may cause the Portfolio to liquidate portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous to do so and may lower returns. If dealer capacity in debt markets is insufficient for market conditions, it may further inhibit liquidity and increase volatility in debt markets. Fiscal, economic, monetary, or other governmental policies or measures have in the past, and may in the future, cause or exacerbate risks associated with interest rates, including changes in interest rates. Negative or very low interest rates could magnify the risks associated with changes in interest rates. In general, changing interest rates, including rates that fall below zero, could have unpredictable effects on markets and may expose debt and related markets to heightened volatility. Changes to monetary policy by the U.S. Federal Reserve Board or other regulatory actions could expose debt and related markets to heightened volatility, interest rate sensitivity, and reduced liquidity, which may impact the Portfolio’s operations and return potential. Investment Model: The Sub-Adviser’s proprietary investment model may not adequately take into account existing or unforeseen market factors or the interaction among such factors, including changes in how such factors interact, and there is no guarantee that the use of a proprietary investment model will result in effective investment decisions for the Portfolio. Liquidity: If a security is illiquid, the Portfolio might be unable to sell the security at a time when the Portfolio’s manager might wish to sell, or at all. Further, the lack of an established secondary market may make it more difficult to value illiquid securities, exposing the Portfolio to the risk that the prices at which it sells illiquid securities will be less than the prices at which they were valued when held by the Portfolio, which could cause the Portfolio to lose money. The prices of illiquid securities may be more volatile than more liquid securities, and the risks associated with illiquid securities may be greater in times of financial stress. Certain securities that are liquid when purchased may later become illiquid, particularly in times of overall economic distress or due to geopolitical events such as sanctions, trading halts, or wars. In addition, markets or securities may become illiquid quickly. Market: The market values of securities will fluctuate, sometimes sharply and unpredictably, based on overall economic conditions, governmental actions or intervention, market disruptions caused by trade disputes or other factors, political developments, and other factors. Prices of equity securities tend to rise and fall more dramatically than those of debt instruments. Additionally, legislative, regulatory or tax policies or developments may adversely impact the investment techniques available to a manager, add to costs, and impair the ability of the Portfolio to achieve its investment objectives. Market Capitalization: Stocks fall into three broad market capitalization categories: large, mid, and small. Investing primarily in one category carries the risk that, due to current market conditions, that category may be out of favor with investors. If valuations of large-capitalization companies appear to be greatly out of proportion to the valuations of mid- or small-capitalization companies, investors may migrate to the stocks of mid- and small-capitalization companies causing a fund that invests in these companies to increase in value more rapidly than a fund that invests in large-capitalization companies. Investing in mid- and small-capitalization companies may be subject to special risks associated with narrower product lines, more limited financial resources, smaller management groups, more limited publicly available information, and a more limited trading market for their stocks as compared with large-capitalization companies. As a result, stocks of mid- and small-capitalization companies may be more volatile and may decline significantly in market downturns. Market Disruption and Geopolitical: The Portfolio is subject to the risk that geopolitical events will disrupt securities markets and adversely affect global economies and markets. Due to the increasing interdependence among global economies and markets, conditions in one country, market, or region might adversely impact markets, issuers and/or foreign exchange rates in other countries, including the United States. Wars, terrorism, global health crises and pandemics, tariffs and other restrictions on trade or economic sanctions, rapid technological developments (such as artificial intelligence technologies), and other geopolitical events that have led, and may continue to lead, to increased market volatility and may have adverse short- or long-term effects on U.S. and global economies and markets, generally. For example, the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in significant market volatility, exchange suspensions and closures, declines in global financial markets, higher default rates, supply chain disruptions, and a substantial economic downturn in economies throughout the world. The economic impacts of COVID-19 have created a unique challenge for real estate markets. Many businesses have either partially or fully transitioned to a remote-working environment and this transition may negatively impact the occupancy rates of commercial real estate over time. Natural and environmental disasters and systemic market dislocations are also highly disruptive to economies and markets. In addition, military action by Russia in Ukraine has, and may continue to, adversely affect global energy and financial markets and therefore could affect the value of the Portfolio’s investments, including beyond the Portfolio’s direct exposure to Russian issuers or nearby geographic regions. Furthermore, the prolonged conflict between Hamas and Israel, and the potential expansion of the conflict in the surrounding areas and the involvement of other nations in such conflict, such as the Houthi movement's attacks on marine vessels in the Red Sea, could further destabilize the Middle East region and introduce new uncertainties in global markets, including the oil and natural gas markets. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions, and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict and could be substantial. A number of U.S. domestic banks and foreign (non-U.S.) banks have experienced financial difficulties and, in some cases, failures. There can be no certainty that the actions taken by regulators to limit the effect of those financial difficulties and failures on other banks or other financial institutions or on the U.S. or foreign (non-U.S.) economies generally will be successful. It is possible that more banks or other financial institutions will experience financial difficulties or fail, which may affect adversely other U.S. or foreign (non-U.S.) financial institutions and economies. These events as well as other changes in foreign (non-U.S.) and domestic economic, social, and political conditions also could adversely affect individual issuers or related groups of issuers, securities markets, interest rates, credit ratings, inflation, investor sentiment, and other factors affecting the value of the Portfolio’s investments. Any of these occurrences could disrupt the operations of the Portfolio and of the Portfolio’s service providers. Option Writing: When the Portfolio writes a covered call option on a security, it assumes the risk that it must sell the underlying security at an exercise price that may be lower than the market price of the security, and it gives up the opportunity to profit from a price increase in the underlying security above the exercise price. In addition, the Portfolio continues to bear the risk of a decline in the value of the underlying security. When the Portfolio writes an index call option, it assumes the risk that it must pay the purchaser of the option a cash payment equal to any appreciation in the value of the index over the strike price of the call option during the option’s term. While the amount of the Portfolio’s potential loss is offset by the premium received when the option was written, the amount of the loss is theoretically unlimited. Other Investment Companies: The main risk of investing in other investment companies, including ETFs, is the risk that the value of an investment company’s underlying investments might decrease. Shares of investment companies that are listed on an exchange may trade at a discount or premium from their net asset value. You will pay a proportionate share of the expenses of those other investment companies (including management fees, administration fees, and custodial fees) in addition to the Portfolio’s expenses. The investment policies of the other investment companies may not be the same as those of the Portfolio; as a result, an investment in the other investment companies may be subject to additional or different risks than those to which the Portfolio is typically subject. In addition, shares of ETFs may trade at a premium or discount to net asset value and are subject to secondary market trading risks. Secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads, and extended trade settlement periods in times of market stress because market makers and authorized participants may step away from making a market in an ETF’s shares, which could cause a material decline in the ETF’s net asset value. Real Estate Companies and Real Estate Investment Trusts: Investing in real estate companies and REITs may subject the Portfolio to risks similar to those associated with the direct ownership of real estate, including losses from casualty or condemnation, changes in local and general economic conditions, supply and demand, market interest rates, zoning laws, regulatory limitations on rents, property taxes, overbuilding, high foreclosure rates, and operating expenses in addition to terrorist attacks, wars, or other acts that destroy real property. Some REITs may invest in a limited number of properties, in a narrow geographic area or in a single property type, which increases the risk that the Portfolio could be unfavorably affected by the poor performance of a single investment or investment type. These companies are also sensitive to factors such as changes in real estate values and property taxes, market interest rates, cash flow of underlying real estate assets, supply and demand, and the management skill and creditworthiness of the issuer. Borrowers could default on or sell investments the REIT holds, which could reduce the cash flow needed to make distributions to investors. In addition, REITs may also be affected by tax and regulatory requirements in that a REIT may not qualify for favorable tax treatment or regulatory exemptions. Investments in REITs are affected by the management skill of the REIT’s sponsor. The Portfolio will indirectly bear its proportionate share of expenses, including management fees, paid by each REIT in which it invests. Securities Lending: Securities lending involves two primary risks: “ investment risk ” and “ borrower default risk. ” When lending securities, the Portfolio will receive cash or U.S. government securities as collateral. Investment risk is the risk that the Portfolio will lose money from the investment of the cash collateral received from the borrower. Borrower default risk is the risk that the Portfolio will lose money due to the failure of a borrower to return a borrowed security. Securities lending may result in leverage. The use of leverage may exaggerate any increase or decrease in the net asset value, causing the Portfolio to be more volatile. The use of leverage may increase expenses and increase the impact of the Portfolio’s other risks. Value Investing: Securities that appear to be undervalued may never appreciate to the extent expected. Further, because the prices of value-oriented securities tend to correlate more closely with economic cycles than growth-oriented securities, they generally are more sensitive to changing economic conditions, such as changes in market interest rates, corporate earnings and industrial production. The manager may be wrong in its assessment of a company’s value and the securities the Portfolio holds may not reach their full values. Risks associated with value investing include that a security that is perceived by the manager to be undervalued may actually be appropriately priced and, thus, may not appreciate and provide anticipated capital growth. The market may not favor value-oriented securities and may not favor equities at all. During those periods, the Portfolio’s relative performance may suffer. There is a risk that funds that invest in value-oriented securities may underperform other funds that invest more broadly. An investment in the Portfolio is not a bank deposit and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Federal Reserve Board or any other government agency. Performance Information The following information is intended to help you understand the risks of investing in the Portfolio. The following bar chart shows the changes in the Portfolio's performance from year to year, and the table compares the Portfolio's performance to the performance of a broad-based securities market index and an additional index with investment characteristics similar to those of the Portfolio for the same period. The Portfolio's performance information reflects applicable fee waivers and/or expense limitations in effect during the period presented. Absent such fee waivers/expense limitations, if any, performance would have been lower. The bar chart shows the performance of the Portfolio's Class ADV shares. Performance for other share classes would differ to the extent they have differences in their fees and expenses.Performance shown in the bar chart and in the Average Annual Total Returns table does not include insurance-related charges imposed under a Variable Contract or expenses related to a Qualified Plan. If these charges or expenses were included, performance would be lower. Thus, you should not compare the Portfolio's performance directly with the performance information of other investment products without taking into account all insurance-related charges and expenses payable under your Variable Contract or Qualified Plan. The Portfolio's past performance is no guarantee of future results. The following bar chart shows the changes in the Portfolio's performance from year to year, and the table compares the Portfolio's performance to the performance of a broad-based securities market index and an additional index with investment characteristics similar to those of the Portfolio for the same period. The Portfolio's past performance is no guarantee of future results. Calendar Year Total Returns Class ADV (as of December 31 of each year) Best quarter:2nd Quarter 202020.06%Worst quarter:1st Quarter 2020-21.34% Best quarter: 2020-06-30 0.2006 Worst quarter: 2020-03-31 -0.2134 Average Annual Total Returns % (for the periods ended December 31, 2024) 0.2332 0.1476 0.1205 2006-12-20 0.2381 0.1386 0.1255 0.2502 0.1453 0.1310 0.2385 0.1528 0.1256 1979-12-31 0.2381 0.1386 0.1255 0.2502 0.1453 0.1310 0.2356 0.1498 0.1227 2003-06-11 0.2381 0.1386 0.1255 0.2502 0.1453 0.1310 0.2336 0.1482 0.1211 2009-02-27 0.2381 0.1386 0.1255 0.2502 0.1453 0.1310 Effective commencing with shareholder reports filed and transmitted to shareholders after July 24, 2024, the Investment Adviser changed the primary benchmark from the S&P 500® Index to the Russell 3000® Index in accordance with changes to regulatory disclosure requirements. The Portfolio continues to use the S&P 500 ® Index as an additional benchmark that the Investment Adviser believes more closely reflects the Portfolio’s principal investment strategies. The index returns do not reflect deductions for fees, expenses, or taxes. Voya Investments, LLC (the “Investment Adviser”) is contractually obligated to limit expenses to 1.27%, 0.67%, 0.92%, and 1.07% for Class ADV, Class I, Class S, and Class S2 shares, respectively, through May 1, 2026. The limitation does not extend to interest, taxes, investment-related costs, leverage expenses, extraordinary expenses and Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses. This limitation is subject to possible recoupment by the Investment Adviser within 36 months of the waiver or reimbursement. The amount of the recoupment is limited to the lesser of the amounts that would be recoupable under: (i) the expense limitation in effect at the time of the waiver or reimbursement; or (ii) the expense limitation in effect at the time of recoupment. The distributor is contractually obligated to waive 0.05% of the distribution fee for Class ADV shares through May 1, 2026. Termination or modification of these obligations requires approval by the Portfolio’s Board of Trustees (the “Board”). Effective commencing with shareholder reports filed and transmitted to shareholders after July 24, 2024, the Investment Adviser changed the primary benchmark from the S&P 500® Index to the Russell 3000® Index in accordance with changes to regulatory disclosure requirements. The Portfolio continues to use the S&P 500 ® Index as an additional benchmark that the Investment Adviser believes more closely reflects the Portfolio’s principal investment strategies. The index returns do not reflect deductions for fees, expenses, or taxes.