Restructuring and Special Charges

There were no restructuring and special charges in 2019 or 2018, and $12,084,000 during the year ended December 31, 2017.

Restructuring charges for the year ended December 31, 2017 were related to the establishment and phase in of the Company's Global Business Services Center in the Philippines and Global Technology Services Center in India (the "Centers"), restructuring and integration costs related to reductions of administrative costs and consolidation of management layers in certain operations, and other restructuring charges for asset impairments and lease termination costs.

The following table shows the costs incurred by type of restructuring activity:



Year Ended December 31,	2019		2018		2017
	(In thousands)
Implementation and phase-in of the Centers	$	—	$	—	$	445
Restructuring and integration costs	—		—		10,119
Asset impairments and lease termination costs	—		—		1,520
Total restructuring charges	$	—	$	—	$	12,084

Costs associated with the Centers were primarily for severance costs and professional fees. Restructuring and integration costs were predominantly comprised of severance costs, lease costs, and to a lesser extent professional fees and other costs. Asset impairments, including costs incurred for obsolete software, relate to decisions to close certain operations, and lease termination costs related to the exiting of certain leased facilities.

As of December 31, 2019, the following liabilities remained on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets related to restructuring charges recorded in 2016 and 2017. The rollforwards of these costs to December 31, 2019 were as follows:



Restructuring Charges	Deferred rent			Accrued compensation and related costs			Accounts payable			Other accrued liabilities			Total
Balance at December 31, 2016	$	3,066		$	1,525		$	617		$	1,949		$	7,157
Additions	1,277			10,299			195			313			12,084
Adjustments to accruals	(1,497		)	—			—			977			(520		)
Cash payments	—			(7,042		)	(812		)	(1,454		)	(9,308		)
Balance at December 31, 2017	2,846			4,782			—			1,785			9,413
Additions	—			—			—			—			—
Adjustments to accruals	(1,544		)	—			—			(643		)	(2,187		)
Cash payments	—			(4,305		)	—			(656		)	(4,961		)
Balance at December 31, 2018	1,302			477			—			486			2,265
Additions	—			—			—			—			—
Adjustments to accruals	(1,302		)	—			—			1			(1,301		)
Cash payments	—			(135		)	—			(15		)	(150		)
Balance at December 31, 2019	$	—		$	342		$	—		$	472		$	814