Reportable Segments - Segment information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Research, development and engineering expenses	$ 1,089	$ 1,076	$ 1,047
Depreciation	1,229	1,247	1,329
Income tax provision (benefit)	221	168	411
Segment net income (loss)	506	581	$ 1,316
Investment in affiliated companies, at equity	$ 290	$ 296
Statutory U.S. federal income tax rate	21.00%	21.00%	21.00%
Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Segment net sales	$ 14,469	$ 13,580	$ 14,805
Research, development and engineering expenses	927	863	874
Depreciation	1,219	1,235	1,285
Other Segment Items	9,463	8,968	9,777
Income tax provision (benefit)	616	541	615
Segment net income (loss)	2,244	1,973	2,254
Investment in affiliated companies, at equity	290	296	261
Segment assets	17,626	18,578	18,877
Capital expenditures	797	1,089	1,613
Optical Communications | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Segment net sales	4,657	4,012	5,023
Research, development and engineering expenses	274	238	230
Depreciation	267	263	249
Other Segment Items	3,330	2,903	3,703
Income tax provision (benefit)	174	130	180
Segment net income (loss)	612	478	661
Investment in affiliated companies, at equity	4	3	3
Segment assets	3,506	3,241	3,295
Capital expenditures	193	176	368
Display Technologies | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Segment net sales	3,872	3,532	3,306
Research, development and engineering expenses	110	102	124
Depreciation	446	481	547
Other Segment Items	2,047	1,887	1,663
Income tax provision (benefit)	263	220	203
Segment net income (loss)	1,006	842	769
Investment in affiliated companies, at equity	90	105	102
Segment assets	6,596	7,899	8,104
Capital expenditures	256	363	495
Specialty Materials | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Segment net sales	2,018	1,865	2,002
Research, development and engineering expenses	253	229	222
Depreciation	153	149	155
Other Segment Items	1,283	1,232	1,195
Income tax provision (benefit)	69	53	90
Segment net income (loss)	260	202	340
Investment in affiliated companies, at equity	15	11	8
Segment assets	2,489	2,476	2,419
Capital expenditures	107	175	306
Environmental Technologies | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Segment net sales	1,665	1,766	1,584
Research, development and engineering expenses	100	99	98
Depreciation	126	129	128
Other Segment Items	986	1,049	988
Income tax provision (benefit)	95	103	78
Segment net income (loss)	358	386	292
Investment in affiliated companies, at equity	0	0	0
Segment assets	1,760	1,873	2,061
Capital expenditures	33	31	110
Life Sciences | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Segment net sales	979	959	1,228
Research, development and engineering expenses	22	33	37
Depreciation	67	69	60
Other Segment Items	810	794	938
Income tax provision (benefit)	17	13	40
Segment net income (loss)	63	50	153
Investment in affiliated companies, at equity	0	3	4
Segment assets	800	782	862
Capital expenditures	15	41	116
Hemlock and Emerging Growth Businesses | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Segment net sales	1,278	1,446	1,662
Research, development and engineering expenses	168	162	163
Depreciation	160	144	146
Other Segment Items	1,007	1,103	1,290
Income tax provision (benefit)	(2)	22	24
Segment net income (loss)	(55)	15	39
Investment in affiliated companies, at equity	181	174	144
Segment assets	2,475	2,307	2,136
Capital expenditures	$ 193	$ 303	$ 218