10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C.  20549

FORM 10-Q

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Quarterly Period Ended June 30, 2018

OR

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Transition Period from to

COMMISSION FILE NUMBER:  000-16509

CITIZENS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Colorado	84-0755371
(State or other jurisdiction of	(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)	Identification No.)
2900 Esperanza Crossing, 2nd Floor
Austin, Texas	78758
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code:) (512) 837-7100

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report:)    N/A

_______________________________________________________________________

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. x Yes o  No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). x Yes o  No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definition of "large accelerated filer", "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
	Large accelerated filer ¨	Accelerated filer x	Non-accelerated filer ¨	Smaller reporting company ¨	Emerging growth company ¨
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period forcomplying with anyneworrevisedfinancialaccountingstandardsprovidedpursuanttoSection13(a)oftheExchangeAct. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ¨ Yes x No

As of August 1, 2018, the Registrant had 49,080,114 shares of Class A common stock, no par value, outstanding and 1,001,714 shares of Class B common stock outstanding.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

			Page Number
Part I.	Financial Information
	Item 1.	Financial Statements
		Consolidated Statements of Financial Position, June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 (Unaudited)	2
		Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, Three Months Ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 (Unaudited)	4
		Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 (Unaudited)	5
		Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity, Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 (Unaudited)	6
		Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 (Unaudited)	7
		Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	9
	Item 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	30
	Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	52
	Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	53
Part II.	Other Information
	Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	54
	Item 1A.	Risk Factors	55
	Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	68
	Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	68
	Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	68
	Item 5.	Other Information	68
	Item 6.	Exhibits	69

1

PART I.  FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Statements of Financial Position (In thousands)
	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
Assets	(Unaudited)
Investments:
Fixed maturities available-for-sale, at fair value (cost: $967,918 and $935,977 in 2018 and 2017, respectively)	$	976,451	974,609
Fixed maturities held-to-maturity, at amortized cost (fair value: $218,774 and $241,377 in 2018 and 2017, respectively)	214,514		233,961
Equity securities, at fair value (cost: $15,289 in 2017)	15,372		16,164
Mortgage loans on real estate	190		195
Policy loans	77,577		73,735
Real estate held for investment (less $1,233 and $5,479 accumulated depreciation in 2018 and 2017, respectively)	5,769		7,416
Real estate held for sale (less $4,411 accumulated depreciation in 2018)	1,483		—
Other long-term investments	34		36
Total investments	1,291,390		1,306,116
Cash and cash equivalents	63,333		46,064
Accrued investment income	19,241		19,062
Reinsurance recoverable	3,971		3,715
Deferred policy acquisition costs	164,065		167,063
Cost of customer relationships acquired	16,499		17,499
Goodwill	12,624		12,624
Other intangible assets	959		961
Deferred tax asset	59,989		50,797
Property and equipment, net	6,291		6,624
Due premiums, net (less $1,483 and $1,611 allowance for doubtful accounts in 2018 and 2017, respectively)	11,791		12,765
Prepaid expenses	1,594		251
Other assets	974		912
Total assets	$	1,652,721	1,644,453

(Continued)

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

2

CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Statements of Financial Position (In thousands, except share amounts)
	June 30, 2018			December 31, 2017
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity	(Unaudited)
Liabilities:
Policy liabilities:
Future policy benefit reserves:
Life insurance	$	1,164,352		1,133,875
Annuities	75,415			73,688
Accident and health	905			990
Dividend accumulations	25,022			23,713
Premiums paid in advance	53,092			51,431
Policy claims payable	8,527			8,610
Other policyholders' funds	10,016			8,483
Total policy liabilities	1,337,329			1,300,790
Commissions payable	1,830			2,430
Federal income tax payable	97,239			93,365
Other liabilities	18,893			24,355
Total liabilities	1,455,291			1,420,940
Commitments and contingencies (Note 8)
Stockholders' equity:
Class A, no par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized, 52,215,852 shares issued and outstanding in 2018 and 2017, including shares in treasury of 3,135,738 in 2018 and 2017	259,596			259,383
Class B, no par value, 2,000,000 shares authorized, 1,001,714 shares issued and outstanding in 2018 and 2017	3,184			3,184
Accumulated deficit	(61,058		)	(54,375	)
Accumulated other comprehensive income:
Unrealized gains on securities, net of tax	6,719			26,332
Treasury stock, at cost	(11,011		)	(11,011	)
Total stockholders' equity	197,430			223,513
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	1,652,721		1,644,453

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

3

CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income Three Months Ended June 30, (In thousands, except per share amounts) (Unaudited)
	2018						2017
Revenues:
Premiums:
Life insurance				$	44,631			46,155
Accident and health insurance				301				345
Property insurance				1,198				1,239
Net investment income				13,811				13,073
Realized investment losses, net				(178		)		(117	)
Other income				79				157
Total revenues				59,842				60,852
Benefits and expenses:
Insurance benefits paid or provided:
Claims and surrenders				20,617				18,952
Increase in future policy benefit reserves				16,555				17,820
Policyholders' dividends				1,614				1,501
Total insurance benefits paid or provided				38,786				38,273
Commissions				8,669				9,894
Other general expenses				14,466				9,355
Capitalization of deferred policy acquisition costs				(5,640		)		(6,883	)
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs				7,200				7,642
Amortization of cost of customer relationships acquired				472				475
Total benefits and expenses				63,953				58,756
Income (loss) before federal income tax				(4,111		)		2,096
Federal income tax expense (benefit)				(1,553		)		1,524
Net income (loss)				(2,558		)		572
Per Share Amounts:
Basic and diluted earnings (losses) per share of Class A common stock	$	(0.05	)				0.01
Basic and diluted earnings (losses) per share of Class B common stock	(0.03		)				0.01
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale debt securities:
Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during period				(12,329		)		4,573
Reclassification adjustment for losses included in net income				87				111
Unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale debt securities, net				(12,242		)		4,684
Income tax expense (benefit) on unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale debt securities				(2,571		)		1,639
Other comprehensive income (loss)				(9,671		)		3,045
Total comprehensive income (loss)				$	(12,229	)		3,617

4

CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income Six Months Ended June 30, (In thousands, except per share amounts) (Unaudited)
	2018						2017
Revenues:
Premiums:
Life insurance				$	87,160			89,959
Accident and health insurance				592				673
Property insurance				2,407				2,488
Net investment income				27,582				25,812
Realized investment gains (losses), net				(753		)		1,146
Other income				287				355
Total revenues				117,275				120,433
Benefits and expenses:
Insurance benefits paid or provided:
Claims and surrenders				41,768				40,676
Increase in future policy benefit reserves				31,163				32,356
Policyholders' dividends				2,921				2,805
Total insurance benefits paid or provided				75,852				75,837
Commissions				17,628				19,819
Other general expenses				20,973				19,511
Capitalization of deferred policy acquisition costs				(11,603		)		(13,784	)
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs				14,806				15,017
Amortization of cost of customer relationships acquired				1,151				994
Total benefits and expenses				118,807				117,394
Income (loss) before federal income tax				(1,532		)		3,039
Federal income tax expense				989				411
Net income (loss)				(2,521		)		2,628
Per Share Amounts:
Basic and diluted earnings (losses) per share of Class A common stock	$	(0.05	)				0.05
Basic and diluted earnings (losses) per share of Class B common stock	(0.03		)				0.03
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale debt securities:
Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during period				(30,427		)		9,710
Reclassification adjustment for losses (gains) included in net income				346				(41	)
Unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale debt securities, net				(30,081		)		9,669
Income tax expense (benefit) on unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale debt securities				(6,306		)		3,384
Other comprehensive income (loss)				(23,775		)		6,285
Total comprehensive income (loss)				$	(26,296	)		8,913

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

5

CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity
Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 and 2017
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
	Common Stock			Accumulated deficit		Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		Treasury stock		Total Stockholders' equity
	Class A		Class B
Balance at December 31, 2016	$	259,383	3,184	(16,248	)	13,792		(11,011	)	249,100
Comprehensive income:
Net income	—		—	2,628		—		—		2,628
Unrealized investment gains, net	—		—	—		6,285		—		6,285
Total comprehensive income	—		—	2,628		6,285		—		8,913
Balance at June 30, 2017	259,383		3,184	(13,620	)	20,077		(11,011	)	258,013
Balance at December 31, 2017	259,383		3,184	(54,375	)	26,332		(11,011	)	223,513
Accounting standards adopted January 1, 2018	—		—	(4,162	)	4,162		—		—
Balance at January 1, 2018	259,383		3,184	(58,537	)	30,494		(11,011	)	223,513
Comprehensive loss:
Net loss	—		—	(2,521	)	—		—		(2,521	)
Unrealized investment losses, net	—		—	—		(23,775	)	—		(23,775	)
Total comprehensive loss	—		—	(2,521	)	(23,775	)	—		(26,296	)
Stock-based compensation	213		—	—		—		—		213
Balance at June 30, 2018	$	259,596	3,184	(61,058	)	6,719		(11,011	)	197,430

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

6

CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows Six Months Ended June 30, (In thousands) (Unaudited)
	2018			2017
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss)	$	(2,521	)	2,628
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
Realized (gains) losses on sale of investments and other assets	753			(1,146	)
Net deferred policy acquisition costs	3,203			1,233
Amortization of cost of customer relationships acquired	1,151			994
Depreciation	708			504
Amortization of premiums and discounts on investments	8,332			8,283
Stock-based compensation	213			—
Deferred federal income tax benefit	(2,869		)	(1,977	)
Change in:
Accrued investment income	(179		)	(764	)
Reinsurance recoverable	(256		)	45
Due premiums	974			1,197
Future policy benefit reserves	31,665			32,335
Other policyholders' liabilities	4,420			4,138
Federal income tax payable	3,858			3,700
Commissions payable and other liabilities	(6,062		)	(6,686	)
Other, net	(1,404		)	(1,061	)
Net cash provided by operating activities	41,986			43,423
Cash flows from investing activities:
Sale of fixed maturities, available-for-sale	—			508
Maturities and calls of fixed maturities, available-for-sale	37,646			43,755
Maturities and calls of fixed maturities, held-to-maturity	17,549			3,390
Purchase of fixed maturities, available-for-sale	(76,003		)	(96,279	)
Sale of equity securities, available-for-sale	—			1,940
Calls of equity securities, available-for-sale	—			300
Purchase of equity securities, available-for-sale	(9		)	—
Principal payments on mortgage loans	5			34
Increase in policy loans, net	(3,842		)	(2,710	)
Sale of other long-term investments and real estate	1			3,040
Purchase of property and equipment	(211		)	(952	)
Maturity of short-term investments	—			500
Net cash used in investing activities	(24,864		)	(46,474	)

7

CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, Continued Six Months Ended June 30, (In thousands) (Unaudited)
	2018			2017
Cash flows from financing activities:
Annuity deposits	$	3,605		4,365
Annuity withdrawals	(3,458		)	(3,075	)
Net cash provided by financing activities	147			1,290
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	17,269			(1,761	)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year	46,064			35,510
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	63,333		33,749
Supplemental disclosures of operating activities:
Cash paid (received) during the period for income taxes, net	$	—		(1,312	)

Supplemental disclosures of noncash investing and financing activities:

During 2018 and 2017, various fixed maturity issuers exchanged securities with book values of $2.5 million and $4.8 million, respectively, for securities of equal value.

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

8

CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

June 30, 2018

(Unaudited)

(1) Financial Statements

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts and operations of Citizens, Inc. ("Citizens"), a Colorado corporation, and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, CICA Life Insurance Company of America ("CICA"), Security Plan Life Insurance Company ("SPLIC"), Security Plan Fire Insurance Company ("SPFIC"), Citizens National Life Insurance Company ("CNLIC"), Magnolia Guaranty Life Insurance Company ("MGLIC"), Computing Technology, Inc. ("CTI"), Insurance Investors, Inc. ("III") and CICA Life Ltd. ("CICA Ltd.").  Citizens and its wholly-owned subsidiaries are collectively referred to as "the Company," "we," "us" or "our."

The consolidated statements of financial position as of June 30, 2018, the consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the three and six-months ended June 30, 2018 and June 30, 2017 and the consolidated statements of cash flows for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2018 and June 30, 2017, have been prepared by the Company without audit.  In the opinion of management, all normal and recurring adjustments to present fairly the financial position, results of operations, and changes in cash flows at June 30, 2018 and for comparative periods have been made.  The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("U.S. GAAP") for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).  Accordingly, the financial statements do not include all the information and footnotes required for complete financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements, and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.  Operating results for the interim periods disclosed herein are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for a full year or any future period.

We provide primarily life insurance and a small amount of health insurance policies through our insurance subsidiaries:  CICA, CICA Life Ltd, SPLIC, MGLIC and CNLIC.  Until the end of 2016, CICA and CNLIC issued ordinary whole-life policies, credit life and disability, burial insurance, pre-need policies, and accident and health related policies, throughout the Midwest and southern United States.  Beginning January 1, 2017, CICA and CNLIC ceased selling life products domestically. The Company is developing a new product strategy domestically and plans to re-enter the life market in 2019. Prior to July 1, 2018, CICA primarily issued ordinary whole-life and endowment policies to non-U.S. residents.  From and after July 1, 2018, CICA Ltd. will issue such policies. Effective on July 1, 2018, the Company effected a novation of all of the international policies issued by CICA to CICA Life Ltd. The Company is currently assessing the impact of the novation on the consolidated financial statements. SPLIC offers final expense and home service life insurance in Louisiana, Arkansas and Mississippi, and SPFIC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of SPLIC, writes a limited amount of property insurance in Louisiana. MGLIC provides industrial life policies through independent funeral homes in Mississippi.

CTI provides data processing systems and services, as well as furniture and equipment, to the Company.  III is currently not active. We plan to dissolve III and merge it into Citizens. CICA Ltd. is a newly established Bermuda entity that began operations in July 2018.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements, in conformity with U.S. GAAP, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.

The most significant estimates include those used in the evaluation of other-than-temporary impairments on debt and equity securities, actuarially determined assets and liabilities and assumptions, tests of goodwill impairment, valuation allowance on deferred tax assets, valuation of uncertain tax positions and contingencies relating to litigation and regulatory matters.  Certain of these estimates are particularly sensitive to market conditions, and deterioration and/or volatility in the worldwide debt or equity markets could have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

9

CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

June 30, 2018

(Unaudited)

Significant Accounting Policies

For a description of significant accounting policies, see Note 1 of the notes to consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, which should be read in conjunction with these accompanying consolidated financial statements.

(2) Accounting Pronouncements

Accounting Standards Recently Adopted

On February 14, 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2018-02, Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income.  It allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income ("AOCI") to retained earnings of the stranded tax effects that occurred due to the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the "New Tax Act"). The updated guidance is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and is to be applied retrospectively to each period in which there are items impacted by the New Tax Act remaining in AOCI or at the beginning of the period of adoption. Early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted the updated guidance effective January 1, 2018 and elected to reclassify the income tax effects of the New Tax Act from AOCI to accumulated deficit as of January 1, 2018. This reclassification resulted in an increase in accumulated deficit of $4.7 million as of January 1, 2018 and an increase in AOCI by the same amount.

In January 2016, the FASB released ASU 2016-01, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. The updated guidance requires equity investments, except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting, that have readily determinable fair values to be measured at fair value with any changes in fair value recognized in net income. Equity securities that do not have readily determinable fair values may be measured at estimated fair value or cost less impairment, if any, adjusted for subsequent observable price changes, with changes in the carrying value recognized in net income. A qualitative assessment for impairment is required for equity investments without readily determinable fair values. The updated guidance also eliminates the requirement to disclose the method and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value of financial instruments measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet. The updated guidance was effective for the first quarter ended March 31, 2018. The adoption of this guidance resulted in the recognition of $560,000 of net after-tax unrealized gains on equity investments as a cumulative effect adjustment that decreased retained deficit as of January 1, 2018 and decreased AOCI by the same amount. The Company elected to report changes in the fair value of equity investments in realized investment gains (losses), net. At December 31, 2017, equity investments were classified as available-for-sale on the Company's balance sheet. However, upon adoption, the updated guidance eliminated the available-for-sale balance sheet classification for equity investments.

Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

The FASB’s new lease accounting standard ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), was issued on February 25, 2016. The ASU will require organizations that lease assets, referred to as “lessees”, to recognize on the balance sheet the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by those leases. The ASU also will require disclosures to help investors and other financial statement users better understand the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. These disclosures include qualitative and quantitative requirements, providing additional information about the amounts recorded in the financial statements. The accounting by organizations that own the assets leased by the lessee, also known as lessor accounting, will remain largely unchanged from current U.S. GAAP. However, the ASU contains some targeted improvements that are intended to align, where necessary, lessor accounting with the lessee accounting model and with the updated revenue recognition guidance issued in 2014. The ASU on leases will take effect for public companies for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is assessing the impact of this new standard.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326), with the main objective to provide financial statement users with more decision-useful information about the expected credit losses on financial instruments and other commitments to extend credit held by a reporting entity at each reporting date. The amendments in this ASU require a financial asset (or a group of financial assets) measured at amortized cost basis to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The allowance for credit losses is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of the financial asset(s) to

10

CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

June 30, 2018

(Unaudited)

present the net carrying value at the amount expected to be collected on the financial asset. The income statement reflects the measurement of credit losses for newly recognized financial assets, as well as the expected increases or decreases of expected credit losses that have taken place during the period. Credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities should be measured in a manner similar to current U.S. GAAP; however, the credit losses are recorded through an allowance for credit losses rather than as a write-down. This approach is an improvement to current U.S. GAAP because an entity will be able to record reversals of credit losses (in situations in which the estimate of credit losses declines) in current period net income, which in turn should align the income statement recognition of credit losses with the reporting period in which changes occur. Current U.S. GAAP prohibits reflecting those improvements in current-period earnings. For public business entities, the amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is evaluating the impact this guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements, but it is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-08, Receivables-Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20). The amendments in this ASU shorten the amortization period for certain callable debt securities held at a premium. Specifically, the amendments require the premium to be amortized to the earliest call date. The amendments do not require an accounting change for securities held at a discount; the discount continues to be amortized to maturity. The Company has a large portfolio of callable debt securities purchased at a premium. As such, the Company had already been amortizing the premium to the earliest call date to reduce volatility in earnings by eliminating reporting large realized losses when debt securities are called. For public business entities, the amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018.

No other new accounting pronouncement issued or effective during the fiscal year had, or is expected to have, a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

(3) Segment Information

The Company has two reportable segments:  Life Insurance and Home Service Insurance.  The Life Insurance and Home Service portions of the Company constitute separate businesses. In addition to the Life Insurance and Home Service business, the Company also operates other non-insurance ("Other Non-Insurance Enterprises") portions of the Company, which primarily include the Company's IT and Corporate-support functions, which are included in the tables presented below to properly reconcile the segment information with the consolidated financial statements of the Company.

The accounting policies of the segments and other non-insurance enterprises are in accordance with U.S. GAAP and are the same as those used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements.  The Company evaluates profit and loss performance based on U.S. GAAP income before federal income taxes for its two reportable segments.

11

CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

June 30, 2018

(Unaudited)

The Company's Other Non-Insurance enterprises are the only reportable difference between segments and consolidated operations.

	Three Months Ended
	June 30, 2018
	Life Insurance			Home Service Insurance		Other Non-Insurance Enterprises		Consolidated
	(In thousands)
Revenues:
Premiums	$	34,393		11,737		—		46,130
Net investment income	10,139			3,316		356		13,811
Realized investment losses, net	(24		)	(151	)	(3	)	(178	)
Other income	79			—		—		79
Total revenue	44,587			14,902		353		59,842
Benefits and expenses:
Insurance benefits paid or provided:
Claims and surrenders	15,019			5,598		—		20,617
Increase in future policy benefit reserves	15,383			1,172		—		16,555
Policyholders' dividends	1,605			9		—		1,614
Total insurance benefits paid or provided	32,007			6,779		—		38,786
Commissions	4,777			3,892		—		8,669
Other general expenses	6,908			5,392		2,166		14,466
Capitalization of deferred policy acquisition costs	(4,150		)	(1,490	)	—		(5,640	)
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs	6,240			960		—		7,200
Amortization of cost of customer relationships acquired	132			340		—		472
Total benefits and expenses	45,914			15,873		2,166		63,953
Loss before income tax expense	$	(1,327	)	(971	)	(1,813	)	(4,111	)

12

CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

June 30, 2018

(Unaudited)

	Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2018
	Life Insurance			Home Service Insurance		Other Non-Insurance Enterprises		Consolidated
	(In thousands)
Revenues:
Premiums	$	66,753		23,406		—		90,159
Net investment income	20,269			6,618		695		27,582
Realized investment losses, net	(209		)	(503	)	(41	)	(753	)
Other income (loss)	288			(1	)	—		287
Total revenue	87,101			29,520		654		117,275
Benefits and expenses:
Insurance benefits paid or provided:
Claims and surrenders	30,310			11,458		—		41,768
Increase in future policy benefit reserves	28,965			2,198		—		31,163
Policyholders' dividends	2,902			19		—		2,921
Total insurance benefits paid or provided	62,177			13,675		—		75,852
Commissions	10,005			7,623		—		17,628
Other general expenses	6,024			10,936		4,013		20,973
Capitalization of deferred policy acquisition costs	(8,790		)	(2,813	)	—		(11,603	)
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs	12,780			2,026		—		14,806
Amortization of cost of customer relationships acquired	284			867		—		1,151
Total benefits and expenses	82,480			32,314		4,013		118,807
Income (loss) before income tax expense	$	4,621		(2,794	)	(3,359	)	(1,532	)

13

CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

June 30, 2018

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended
	June 30, 2017
	Life Insurance			Home Service Insurance		Other Non-Insurance Enterprises		Consolidated
	(In thousands)
Revenues:
Premiums	$	35,960		11,779		—		47,739
Net investment income	9,496			3,250		327		13,073
Realized investment gains (losses), net	(141		)	24		—		(117	)
Other income (loss)	177			3		(23	)	157
Total revenue	45,492			15,056		304		60,852
Benefits and expenses:
Insurance benefits paid or provided:
Claims and surrenders	13,842			5,110		—		18,952
Increase in future policy benefit reserves	16,513			1,307		—		17,820
Policyholders' dividends	1,490			11		—		1,501
Total insurance benefits paid or provided	31,845			6,428		—		38,273
Commissions	5,866			4,028		—		9,894
Other general expenses	4,327			4,299		729		9,355
Capitalization of deferred policy acquisition costs	(5,223		)	(1,660	)	—		(6,883	)
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs	6,613			1,029		—		7,642
Amortization of cost of customer relationships acquired	144			331		—		475
Total benefits and expenses	43,572			14,455		729		58,756
Income (loss) before income tax expense	$	1,920		601		(425	)	2,096

14

CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

June 30, 2018

(Unaudited)

	Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2017
	Life Insurance			Home Service Insurance		Other Non-Insurance Enterprises		Consolidated
	(In thousands)
Revenues:
Premiums	$	69,523		23,597		—		93,120
Net investment income	18,627			6,509		676		25,812
Realized investment gains (losses), net	(64		)	1,210		—		1,146
Other income	295			2		58		355
Total revenue	88,381			31,318		734		120,433
Benefits and expenses:
Insurance benefits paid or provided:
Claims and surrenders	29,518			11,158		—		40,676
Increase in future policy benefit reserves	29,773			2,583		—		32,356
Policyholders' dividends	2,785			20		—		2,805
Total insurance benefits paid or provided	62,076			13,761		—		75,837
Commissions	11,873			7,946		—		19,819
Other general expenses	8,199			9,157		2,155		19,511
Capitalization of deferred policy acquisition costs	(10,601		)	(3,183	)	—		(13,784	)
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs	12,919			2,098		—		15,017
Amortization of cost of customer relationships acquired	316			678		—		994
Total benefits and expenses	84,782			30,457		2,155		117,394
Income (loss) before income tax expense	$	3,599		861		(1,421	)	3,039

15

CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

June 30, 2018

(Unaudited)

(4) Earnings Per Share

The following tables set forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share.

	Three Months Ended
	June 30, 2018			June 30, 2017
	(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Basic and diluted earnings per share:
Numerator:
Net income (loss)	$	(2,558	)	572
Net income (loss) allocated to Class A common stock	$	(2,532	)	566
Net income (loss) allocated to Class B common stock	(26		)	6
Net income (loss)	$	(2,558	)	572
Denominator:
Weighted average shares of Class A outstanding - basic	49,080			49,080
Weighted average shares of Class A outstanding - diluted	49,109			49,080
Weighted average shares of Class B outstanding - basic and diluted	1,002			1,002
Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock	$	(0.05	)	0.01
Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share of Class B common stock	(0.03		)	0.01

	Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2018			June 30, 2017
	(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Basic and diluted earnings per share:
Numerator:
Net income (loss)	$	(2,521	)	2,628
Net income (loss) allocated to Class A common stock	$	(2,496	)	2,601
Net income (loss) allocated to Class B common stock	(25		)	27
Net income (loss)	$	(2,521	)	2,628
Denominator:
Weighted average shares of Class A outstanding - basic	49,080			49,080
Weighted average shares of Class A outstanding - diluted	49,109			49,080
Weighted average shares of Class B outstanding - basic and diluted	1,002			1,002
Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock	$	(0.05	)	0.05
Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share of Class B common stock	(0.03		)	0.03

16

CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

June 30, 2018

(Unaudited)

(5) Investments

The Company invests primarily in fixed maturity securities, which totaled 88.0% of total cash, cash equivalents and investments at June 30, 2018. The Company's cash, cash equivalents and investments are listed below.

	June 30, 2018			December 31, 2017
	Carrying Value		% of Total Carrying Value	Carrying Value		% of Total Carrying Value
	(In thousands)			(In thousands)
Fixed maturity securities	$	1,190,965	88.0	$	1,208,570	89.3
Equity securities	15,372		1.1	16,164		1.2
Mortgage loans	190		—	195		—
Policy loans	77,577		5.7	73,735		5.5
Real estate and other long-term investments	7,286		0.5	7,452		0.6
Cash and cash equivalents	63,333		4.7	46,064		3.4
Total cash, cash equivalents and investments	$	1,354,723	100.0	$	1,352,180	100.0

The following tables represent the cost, gross unrealized gains and losses and fair value for fixed maturities as of the periods indicated.

	June 30, 2018
	Cost or Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains	Gross Unrealized Losses	Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Fixed maturities:
Available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury securities	$	9,824	1,500	—	11,324
U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises	3,558		741	—	4,299
States and political subdivisions	550,700		12,009	3,170	559,539
Foreign governments	103		16	—	119
Corporate	402,213		9,353	11,994	399,572
Residential mortgage-backed	1,520		81	3	1,598
Total available-for-sale securities	967,918		23,700	15,167	976,451
Held-to-maturity securities:
States and political subdivisions	198,439		5,112	772	202,779
Corporate	16,075		531	611	15,995
Total held-to-maturity securities	214,514		5,643	1,383	218,774
Total fixed maturities	$	1,182,432	29,343	16,550	1,195,225

17

CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

June 30, 2018

(Unaudited)

	December 31, 2017
	Cost or Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains	Gross Unrealized Losses	Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Fixed maturities:
Available-for-sale securities:
U.S. Treasury securities	$	9,860	1,948	—	11,808
U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises	3,570		926	—	4,496
States and political subdivisions	550,536		18,507	1,540	567,503
Foreign governments	103		18	—	121
Corporate	370,043		20,212	1,552	388,703
Residential mortgage-backed	1,865		118	5	1,978
Total available-for-sale securities	935,977		41,729	3,097	974,609
Held-to-maturity securities:
States and political subdivisions	213,054		7,585	629	220,010
Corporate	20,907		1,118	658	21,367
Total held-to-maturity securities	233,961		8,703	1,287	241,377
Total fixed maturity securities	$	1,169,938	50,432	4,384	1,215,986

The majority of the Company's equity securities are diversified stock and bond mutual funds.

	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
	Fair Value		Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Equity securities:
Stock mutual funds	$	3,112	3,217
Bond mutual funds	12,094		12,367
Common stock	23		24
Preferred stock	143		556
Total equity securities	$	15,372	16,164

The Company recognized $86,009 and $388,061 of net realized losses on equity securities still held for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively.

Valuation of Investments in Fixed Maturity and Equity Securities

Held-to-maturity securities are reported in the financial statements at amortized cost and available-for-sale securities are reported at fair value. Equity securities are measured at fair value with the change in fair value recorded through net income pursuant to the adoption of ASU 2016-01 as described in Note 2.

The Company monitors all debt securities on an on-going basis relative to changes in credit ratings, market prices, earnings trends and financial performance, in addition to specific region or industry reviews.  The assessment of whether other-than-temporary impairments ("OTTI") have occurred is based on a case-by-case evaluation of underlying reasons for the decline in fair value.  The Company determines other-than-temporary impairment by reviewing relevant evidence related to the specific security issuer as well as the Company's intent to sell the security, or if it is more likely than not that the Company would be required to sell a security before recovery of its amortized cost.

18

CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

June 30, 2018

(Unaudited)

When an other-than-temporary impairment has occurred, the amount of the other-than-temporary impairment recognized in earnings depends on whether the Company intends to sell the security or more likely than not will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis.  If the Company intends to sell the security or it is more likely that the Company will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, the other-than-temporary impairment is recognized in earnings equal to the entire difference between the investment's cost and its fair value at the balance sheet date.  If the Company does not intend to sell the security and it is more likely than not that the Company will not be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, the other-than-temporary impairment is separated into the following: (a) the amount representing the credit loss; and (b) the amount related to all other factors.  The amount of the total other-than-temporary impairment related to the credit loss is recognized in earnings.  The amount of the total other-than-temporary impairment related to other factors is recognized in other comprehensive income, net of applicable taxes.  The previous amortized cost basis less the other-than-temporary impairment recognized in earnings becomes the new amortized cost basis of the investment.  The new amortized cost basis is not adjusted for subsequent recoveries in fair value.

The Company evaluates whether a credit impairment exists for fixed maturity securities by considering primarily the following factors: (a) changes in the financial condition of the security's underlying collateral; (b) whether the issuer is current on contractually obligated interest and principal payments; (c) changes in the financial condition, credit rating and near-term prospects of the issuer; (d) the length of time to which the fair value has been less than the amortized cost of the security; and (e) the payment structure of the security.  The Company's best estimate of expected future cash flows used to determine the credit loss amount is a quantitative and qualitative process.  Quantitative review includes information received from third party sources such as financial statements, pricing and rating changes, liquidity and other statistical information.  Qualitative factors include judgments related to business strategies, economic impacts on the issuer and overall judgment related to estimates and industry factors.  The Company's best estimate of future cash flows involves assumptions including, but not limited to, various performance indicators, such as historical and projected default and recovery rates, credit ratings, and current delinquency rates.  These assumptions require the use of significant management judgment and include the probability of issuer default and estimates regarding timing and amount of expected recoveries, which may include estimating the underlying collateral value.  In addition, projections of expected future debt security cash flows may change based upon new information regarding the performance of the issuer.

There were no other-than-temporary impairments recorded for the three months ended June 30, 2018 or 2017. An other-than-temporary impairment of $225,000 was recognized on one bond issuer during the six months ended June 30, 2018 and on one equity security totaling $17,000 during the six months ended June 30, 2017.

19

CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

June 30, 2018

(Unaudited)

The following tables present the fair values and gross unrealized losses of fixed maturity securities that have remained in a continuous unrealized loss position for the periods indicated.

	June 30, 2018
	Less than 12 months				Greater than 12 months			Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses	# of Securities	Fair Value	Unrealized Losses	# of Securities	Fair Value	Unrealized Losses	# of Securities
	(In thousands, except for # of securities)
Fixed maturities:
Available-for-sale securities:
States and political subdivisions	$	174,912	1,683	164	53,199	1,487	44	228,111	3,170	208
Corporate	258,469		10,359	174	13,178	1,635	10	271,647	11,994	184
Residential mortgage-backed	20		1	4	152	2	4	172	3	8
Total available-for-sale securities	433,401		12,043	342	66,529	3,124	58	499,930	15,167	400
Held-to-maturity securities:
States and political subdivisions	34,296		203	34	7,107	569	11	41,403	772	45
Corporate	568		3	1	2,206	608	2	2,774	611	3
Total held-to-maturity securities	34,864		206	35	9,313	1,177	13	44,177	1,383	48
Total fixed maturities	$	468,265	12,249	377	75,842	4,301	71	544,107	16,550	448

As of June 30, 2018, the Company had 58 available-for-sale fixed maturity securities and 13 held-to-maturity fixed maturity securities that were in an unrealized loss position for greater than 12 months.

20

CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

June 30, 2018

(Unaudited)

	December 31, 2017
	Less than 12 months				Greater than 12 months			Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses	# of Securities	Fair Value	Unrealized Losses	# of Securities	Fair Value	Unrealized Losses	# of Securities
	(In thousands, except for # of securities)
Fixed maturities:
Available-for-sale securities:
States and political subdivisions	$	49,408	312	46	47,233	1,228	46	96,641	1,540	92
Corporate	61,071		732	39	7,651	820	10	68,722	1,552	49
Residential mortgage-backed	132		3	4	157	2	4	289	5	8
Total available-for-sale securities	110,611		1,047	89	55,041	2,050	60	165,652	3,097	149
Held-to-maturity securities:
States and political subdivisions	14,178		45	15	7,460	584	14	21,638	629	29
Corporate	—		—	—	2,169	658	2	2,169	658	2
Total held-to-maturity securities	14,178		45	15	9,629	1,242	16	23,807	1,287	31
Total fixed maturities	$	124,789	1,092	104	64,670	3,292	76	189,459	4,384	180
Equity securities:
Redeemable preferred stock	95		6	1	—	—	—	95	6	1
Total equity securities	$	95	6	1	—	—	—	95	6	1

We have reviewed these securities in an unrealized loss position for the periods ended June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 and determined that no other-than-temporary impairment exists that have not been recognized based on our evaluation of the credit worthiness of the issuers and the fact that we do not intend to sell the investments nor is it likely that we will be required to sell the securities before recovery of their amortized cost bases which may be maturity.  We continue to monitor all securities on an on-going basis and future information may become available which could result in other-than-temporary impairments being recorded.

21

CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

June 30, 2018

(Unaudited)

The amortized cost and fair value of fixed maturity securities at June 30, 2018 by contractual maturity are shown in the table below.  Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Securities not due at a single maturity date have been reflected based upon final stated maturity.

	June 30, 2018
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Available-for-sale securities:
Due in one year or less	$	30,664	30,737
Due after one year through five years	107,702		111,166
Due after five years through ten years	182,804		185,086
Due after ten years	646,748		649,462
Total available-for-sale securities	967,918		976,451
Held-to-maturity securities:
Due in one year or less	9,126		9,137
Due after one year through five years	41,986		42,761
Due after five years through ten years	49,031		49,612
Due after ten years	114,371		117,264
Total held-to-maturity securities	214,514		218,774
Total fixed maturities	$	1,182,432	1,195,225

The Company uses the specific identification method of the individual security to determine the cost basis used in the calculation of realized gains and losses related to security sales.  

	Fixed Maturities, Available-for-Sale					Equity Securities
	Three Months Ended			Six Months Ended		Three Months Ended		Six Months Ended
	June 30,			June 30,		June 30,		June 30,
	2018		2017	2018	2017	2018	2017	2018	2017
	(In thousands)
Proceeds	$	—	—	—	508	—	—	—	1,940
Gross realized gains	$	—	—	—	6	—	—	—	—
Gross realized losses	$	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	30

There were no sales of available-for-sale fixed maturity securities or equity securities for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and for the three months ended June 30, 2017. One available-for-sale fixed maturity security and one equity security were sold during the six months ended June 30, 2017. There were no securities sold from the held-to-maturity portfolio for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 or 2017.

22

CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

June 30, 2018

(Unaudited)

(6) Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.  We hold available-for-sale fixed maturity securities, which are carried at fair value. We also report our equity securities at fair value with changes in fair value reported through the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Fair value measurements are generally based upon observable and unobservable inputs.  Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect our view of market assumptions in the absence of observable market information.  We utilize valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs.  All assets and liabilities carried at fair value are required to be classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:

• Level 1 - Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.

• Level 2 - Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations whose inputs or whose significant value drivers are observable.

• Level 3 - Instruments whose significant value drivers are unobservable.

Level 1 primarily consists of financial instruments whose value is based on quoted market prices such as U.S. Treasury securities and actively traded mutual fund and stock investments.

Level 2 includes those financial instruments that are valued by independent pricing services or broker quotes.  These models are primarily industry-standard models that consider various inputs, such as interest rates, credit spreads and foreign exchange rates for the underlying financial instruments.  All significant inputs are observable, or derived from observable information in the marketplace or are supported by observable levels at which transactions are executed in the marketplace.  Financial instruments in this category primarily include corporate securities, U.S. Government-sponsored enterprise securities, municipal securities and certain mortgage and asset-backed securities.

Level 3 is comprised of financial instruments whose fair value is estimated based on non-binding broker prices utilizing significant inputs not based on or corroborated by readily available market information.  There were no securities in this category at June 30, 2018.

23

CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

June 30, 2018

(Unaudited)

The following tables set forth our assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of the dates indicated.

	June 30, 2018
Financial Assets	Level 1		Level 2	Level 3	Total Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Available-for-sale investments
Fixed maturities:
U.S. Treasury and U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises	$	11,324	4,299	—	15,623
States and political subdivisions	—		559,539	—	559,539
Corporate	406		399,166	—	399,572
Residential mortgage-backed	—		1,598	—	1,598
Foreign governments	—		119	—	119
Total fixed maturities available-for-sale	11,730		964,721	—	976,451
Equity securities
Stock mutual funds	3,112		—	—	3,112
Bond mutual funds	12,094		—	—	12,094
Common stock	23		—	—	23
Non-redeemable preferred stock	143		—	—	143
Total equity securities	15,372		—	—	15,372
Total financial assets	$	27,102	964,721	—	991,823

	December 31, 2017
Financial Assets	Level 1		Level 2	Level 3	Total Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Available-for-sale investments
Fixed maturities:
U.S. Treasury and U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises	$	11,808	4,496	—	16,304
States and political subdivisions	—		567,503	—	567,503
Corporate	—		388,703	—	388,703
Residential mortgage-backed	—		1,978	—	1,978
Foreign governments	—		121	—	121
Total fixed maturities available-for-sale	11,808		962,801	—	974,609
Equity securities
Stock mutual funds	3,217		—	—	3,217
Bond mutual funds	12,367		—	—	12,367
Common stock	24		—	—	24
Preferred stock	556		—	—	556
Total equity securities	16,164		—	—	16,164
Total financial assets	$	27,972	962,801	—	990,773

24

CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

June 30, 2018

(Unaudited)

Financial Instruments Valuation

Fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale.  At June 30, 2018, our fixed maturity securities, valued using a third-party pricing source, totaled $964.7 million for Level 2 assets and comprised 97.3% of total reported fair value of our financial assets.  The Level 1 and Level 2 valuations are reviewed and updated quarterly through random testing by comparisons to separate pricing models, other third-party pricing services, and back tested to recent trades.  In addition, we obtain information annually relative to the third-party pricing models and review model parameters for reasonableness.  There were no Level 3 assets at June 30, 2018. For the six months ended June 30, 2018, there were no material changes to the valuation methods or assumptions used to determine fair values, and no broker or third-party prices were changed from the values received.

Equity securities.  Our equity securities are classified as Level 1 assets as their fair values are based upon quoted market prices.

We review the fair value hierarchy classifications each reporting period.  Changes in the observability of the valuation attributes may result in a reclassification of certain financial assets.  Such reclassifications are reported as transfers in and out of Level 3 at the beginning fair value for the reporting period in which the changes occur. There were no transfers in or out of Level 3.

Financial Instruments not Carried at Fair Value

Estimates of fair values are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market prices and information about the financial instruments.  The estimated fair values of financial instruments presented below are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company might realize in actual market transactions.

The carrying amount and fair value for the financial assets and liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets not otherwise disclosed for the periods indicated are as follows:

	June 30, 2018			December 31, 2017
	Carrying Value		Fair Value	Carrying Value	Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Financial assets:
Fixed maturities, held-to-maturity	$	214,514	218,774	233,961	241,377
Mortgage loans	190		225	195	228
Policy loans	77,577		77,577	73,735	73,735
Cash and cash equivalents	63,333		63,333	46,064	46,064
Financial liabilities:
Annuity - investment contracts	56,025		54,125	55,035	57,575

Fair values for fixed income securities, which are characterized as Level 2 assets in the fair value hierarchy, are based on quoted market prices for the same or similar securities.  In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other assumptions, including a discount rate and estimates of future cash flows.

Mortgage loans are secured principally by residential properties.  Weighted average interest rates for these loans were approximately 6.56% at June 30, 2018 and 6.60% at December 31, 2017. At June 30, 2018, maturities ranged from 20 to 24 years.  Management estimated the fair value using an annual interest rate of 6.25% at June 30, 2018.  Our mortgage loans are considered Level 3 assets in the fair value hierarchy.

Policy loans had a weighted average annual interest rate of 7.7% as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, and no specified maturity dates.  The aggregate fair value of policy loans approximates the carrying value reflected on the consolidated balance sheets.  These loans typically carry an interest rate that is tied to the crediting rate applied to the related policy and contract

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CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

June 30, 2018

(Unaudited)

reserves.  Policy loans are an integral part of the life insurance policies we have inforce, cannot be valued separately and are not marketable.  Therefore, the fair value of policy loans approximates the carrying value and policy loans are considered Level 3 assets in the fair value hierarchy.

The fair value of cash and cash equivalents approximate carrying value and are characterized as Level 1 assets in the fair value hierarchy.

The fair value of the Company's liabilities under annuity contract policies, which are considered Level 3 assets, was estimated at June 30, 2018 using discounted cash flows based upon spot rates ranging from 2.48% to 3.81% based upon swap rates adjusted for various risk adjustments. The fair value of liabilities under all insurance contracts are taken into consideration in the overall management of interest rate risk, which seeks to minimize exposure to changing interest rates through the matching of investment maturities with amounts due under insurance contracts.

(7) Short Duration Contracts

The Company's short duration contracts consist of credit life and credit disability in the Life segment and property insurance in the Home Service segment. The following table presents information on changes in the liability for credit life, credit disability, and property policy and contract claims for the periods ended June 30, 2018 and June 30, 2017.

	June 30,
	2018			2017
	(In thousands)
Policy claims payable at January 1,	$	570		543
Less:  reinsurance recoverable	—			—
Net balance at January 1,	570			543
Add claims incurred, related to:
Current year	977			1,046
Prior years	(152		)	(10	)
	825			1,036
Deduct claims paid, related to:
Current year	701			758
Prior years	305			377
	1,006			1,135
Net balance June 30,	389			444
Plus:  reinsurance recoverable	—			—
Policy claims payable, June 30,	$	389		444

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CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

June 30, 2018

(Unaudited)

(8) Commitments and Contingencies

Qualification of Life Products

As of December 31, 2014, we determined that a portion of the life insurance policies issued by our subsidiary insurance companies failed to qualify for the favorable U.S. federal income tax treatment afforded by Section 7702 of the Internal Revenue Code ("IRC") of 1986. This tax code section allows for qualifying products sold to clients to have favorable tax treatment such as the product's inside build up being not taxable unless distributions are made. Because these policies were sold with the intention that they would qualify for this favorable tax treatment, holders of these policies and the Company may now be subject to additional tax liabilities. The policies at issue were sold most substantially to non-U.S. citizens residing abroad and to a lesser extent domestically. Based upon a review of the options available to the Company, we have determined that we will not remediate our endowments and life products under IRC Section 7702 that we have sold to non-U.S. citizens but will propose an offer to the IRS to settle potential liabilities. We do intend to remediate the domestic products we have sold to U.S. citizens. Accordingly, we submitted an offer to enter into a Closing Agreement for CICA and CNLIC in May 2017. We have not received a response from the IRS on this submission. In addition, as part of our continuing review, we determined in July 2015 that certain annuity contracts do not contain qualifying language under IRC 72(s) as intended that would have provided for favorable tax treatment of the annuities. This issue affects both our domestic and international contract holders. We endorsed the majority of the affected domestic annuity contracts to comply with the IRC in December 2017 and we have initiated discussions with the IRS to address past non-compliance. The Company has continued to refine the understanding of the tax failures as previously reported by preparing an individual policy calculation and has reflected the related exposure for the current reporting period as noted below. Failure of these policies to qualify under IRC Sections 7702 and 72(s) has resulted in additional liabilities and expenses as described below. The products have been and continue to be appropriately reported as life insurance under U.S. GAAP for financial reporting.

The failure of these policies to qualify under Sections 7702 and 72(s) results in an estimated liability as of June 30, 2018 of $7.1 million related to projected IRS toll charges and fees reported in other general expenses of $6.1 million and reserve increases to bring policies into compliance totaling $1.0 million. The range of financial estimates relative to this issue is $4.5 million to $44.0 million. At December 31, 2017, the best estimate liability was $12.5 million and the probability weighted range of financial estimates relative to this issue was $5.9 million to $48.2 million. Our liability and range disclosures are evaluated each reporting period and reflect our continued refinement of estimates and considerations as we prepare to submit offers to the IRS related to these matters.

The estimated range includes projected toll charges and fees payable to the IRS, as well as any other costs attributed to remediation of non-compliant domestic life insurance policies. The estimated liability and the estimated range will be updated as we continue to refine our estimates. The amount of our liabilities and expenses depends on a number of uncertainties, including the number of prior tax years for which we may be liable to the IRS, the number of domestic life insurance policies we will be required to remediate, and the methodology applicable to the calculation of the toll charges for non-compliant policies. Given the range of potential outcomes and the significant variables assumed in establishing our estimates, actual amounts incurred may exceed our reserve and could exceed the high end of our estimated range of liabilities and expenses. To the extent the amount reserved by the Company is insufficient to meet the actual amount of our liability and expenses, or if our estimates of those liabilities and expenses change in the future, our financial condition and results of operation may be materially adversely affected. Management believes that based upon current information we have recorded the best estimate liability to date.

Accruals for loss contingencies are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. The process of determining our best estimate and the estimated range was a complex undertaking including insight from external consultants and involved management’s judgment based upon a variety of factors known at the time. We expect to incur additional costs in 2018 associated with these issues. We believe these costs could be an additional $0.5 million to $1.5 million, but due to the uncertainty of actions, we cannot reasonably estimate these costs with any reliability. Actual amounts incurred may exceed this estimate and will be recorded as they become probable and can be reasonably estimated.

Unclaimed Property Contingencies

The Company was informed in 2012 by the Louisiana Department of Treasury, Arkansas Auditor of State and the Texas State Comptroller, that they authorized an audit of Citizens, Inc. and its affiliates for compliance with unclaimed property laws. This audit is being conducted by Verus Financial LLC on behalf of the states. This audit is not active and there has been no activity related to this audit for several years.

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CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

June 30, 2018

(Unaudited)

If the external audit was performed, it could result in additional payments to beneficiaries, additional escheatment of funds deemed abandoned under state laws, administrative penalties, interest, and changes to the Company's procedures for the identification and escheatment of abandoned property.  The Company believes additional escheatment of funds in Arkansas or Texas will not be material to our financial condition or results of operations. However, additional escheatment of funds in Louisiana, which may subsequently be deemed abandoned under the Louisiana Department of Treasury’s audit, could be substantial for SPLIC if the Louisiana Department of Treasury chooses to disregard recent court decisions regarding unclaimed property litigation in favor of the insurance industry. At this time, the Company is not able to reasonably estimate any of these possible amounts.

Litigation

On or about March 16, 2017, Juan Gamboa filed a putative class action lawsuit against the Company and five of its current and former directors and executive officers in the United States District Court, Western District of Texas. The lawsuit alleged that the defendants violated Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder by making false and/or misleading statements, as well as failing to disclose material adverse facts about the Company’s business, operations and prospects.  On May 25, 2017, the court appointed lead plaintiffs, and on July 31, 2017, the lead plaintiffs filed an amended complaint. The amended complaint sought an award of damages in an unspecified amount on behalf of a putative class consisting of persons who purchased the Company’s common stock between March 11, 2015 and March 8, 2017, inclusive.  On September 28, 2017, we filed a motion to dismiss. On May 29, 2018, the court granted our motion, dismissed with prejudice the plaintiff's claim against all defendants and ordered the case closed. It is our understanding that the plaintiff's appeal period has expired.

From time to time we are subject to legal and regulatory actions relating to our business. We defend all claims vigorously.  As a result, we incur defense costs, including attorneys' fees, other direct litigation costs and the expenditure of management time that otherwise would be devoted to our business. If we suffer an adverse judgment as a result of litigation claims, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

(9) Income Taxes

The effective tax rate was (64.6)% and 13.5% for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and June 30, 2017, respectively. Additionally, there were $1.7 millionof tax expense and $0.2 milliontax benefit related to interest expense on an uncertain tax position in the six months ended June 30, 2018 and June 30, 2017, respectively. The effective tax rate is affected by our tax compliance issues discussed in Note 8 "Commitments and Contingencies", as IRS toll charge penalties are not tax deductible and can move up or down depending on the net adjustment to our best estimate liability. In addition, we report the interest component of our uncertain tax positions in income tax expense, which can move up or down depending on the tax compliance issues as well as statute expirations. Absent the effect on our effective tax rate of our tax compliance issues, in prior years where our effective tax rate was lower than the statutory tax rate of 35%, the difference was primarily due to tax-exempt state and local bond income which reduce the effective tax rate.

Beginning in 2018, the statutory tax rate is 21%. In accordance with the SEC's Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 ("SAB 118"), the Company recorded provisional amounts related to the impacts of the New Tax Act as of December 31, 2017, including but not limited to the change in corporate tax rate and immediate expensing of certain capital assets.  The amounts are considered provisional estimates due to complexities and ambiguities in New Tax Act which resulted in incomplete accounting for the tax effects of these provisions. Further guidance, either legislative or interpretive, and analysis will be required to complete the accounting for these items. A final determination is required to be made within a measurement period not to extend beyond one year from the enactment date of the New Tax Act.  Upon further analysis of certain aspects of the Act during the six months ended June 30, 2018, we determined that no adjustment to our provisional amount recorded as of December 31, 2017 was required. We will continue our analysis of the New Tax Act and will record an update to our provisional amount if needed during the measurement period allowed by SAB 118.

For the six months ended June 30, 2018, our effective tax rate was significantly lower than the six months ended June 30, 2017, as the Company had tax expense in 2018 on a pretax loss causing the effective tax rate to be negative. This negative effective tax rate is primarily a result of additional interest expense on the uncertain tax position during the six months of 2018.

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CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

June 30, 2018

(Unaudited)

(10) Benefit Plans

The Company has an employer-sponsored 401(k) plan available to all eligible employees. This is an additional benefit offered to employees, which supplements the defined contribution profit-sharing plan.  Employees with one year of service can participate in the plan.  Contributions are made by employees and the Company provides a matching contribution based upon the employee's level of contribution. The Company's expense related to contributions into the 401(k) plan totaled $182,000 and $171,000 for the three months and $369,000 and $348,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and June 30, 2017, respectively.

(11) Stock Compensation

In January, 2018, the Company's Board of Directors approved awards of restricted stock units under the Citizens, Inc. Omnibus Incentive Plan for non-employee directors and the executive management team totaling $10,500 per director and $976,000 in total to the executive management team. The grant date was February 15, 2018 with a one-year vesting schedule for the directors and a two-year vesting schedule for the executive management team. In addition, the Board also approved equity grants for 2018 not to exceed $1.2 million for other employees with a delegation to the CEO to determine the value to be awarded.

	Restricted Stock Units
	Units	Aggregate Fair Value (1)
Outstanding at January 1, 2018	—	$	—
Granted	148,883	1,070,500
Less:
Vested	—	—
Forfeited	1,460	10,497
Outstanding at June 30, 2018	147,423	$	1,060,003

⁽¹⁾ Fair value per share of restricted stock units on June 30, 2018 was equal to Grant Date fair value per share.

Restricted stock awards give the participant the right to receive common stock in the future, subject to certain restrictions and a risk of forfeiture. Compensation expense of $213,000 was recognized as of June 30, 2018 related to these awards.

(12) Related Party Transactions

The Company has various routine related party transactions in conjunction with our holding company structure, such as a management service agreement related to costs incurred, a tax sharing agreement between entities, and inter-company dividends and capital contributions.  There were no changes related to these relationships during the six months ended June 30, 2018.   See our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 for a comprehensive discussion of related party transactions.

In the first six months of 2018, CICA made a capital contribution to CNLIC of $450,000 and SPLIC made a capital contribution of $450,000 to MGLIC.

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CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

June 30, 2018

Item 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain statements contained in this report are not statements of historical fact and constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws, including, without limitation, statements specifically identified as forward-looking statements within this document.  Many of these statements contain risk factors as well.  In addition, certain statements in future filings by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission, in press releases, and in oral and written statements made by us or with the approval of the Company, which are not statements of historical fact, constitute forward-looking statements. Examples of forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:  (i) projections of revenues, income or loss, earnings or loss per share, the payment or non-payment of dividends, capital structure, and other financial items, (ii) statements of our plans and objectives by our management or Board of Directors, including those relating to products or services, (iii) statements of future economic performance and (iv) statements of assumptions underlying such statements.  Words such as "believes," "anticipates," "assumes," "estimates," "plans," "projects," "could," "expects," "intends," "targeted," "may," "will" and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, but are not the exclusive means of identifying such statements.

Forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated by the forward-looking statements.  Factors that could cause the Company's future results to differ materially from expected results include, but are not limited to:

• Changes in the application, interpretation or enforcement of foreign insurance laws that impact our business, which derives the majority of its revenues from residents of foreign countries;

• Potential changes in amounts reserved for in connection with the noncompliance of a portion of our insurance policies with Sections 7702 under the Internal Revenue Code, the failure of certain annuity contracts to qualify under Section 72(s) of the Internal Revenue Code and the anticipated timing of finalization of our proposed closing agreements with the IRS to address these matters;

• The transition of our international business to a new Bermuda-based entity, the adoption of our international business to regulatory oversight by the Bermuda Monetary Authority and potential shifts in policyholder behavior arising from these changes;

• Changes in foreign and U.S. general economic, market, and political conditions, including the performance of financial markets and interest rates;

• Changes in consumer behavior or regulatory oversight, which may affect the Company's ability to sell its products and retain business;

• The timely development of and acceptance of new products of the Company and perceived overall value of these products and services by existing and potential customers;

• Fluctuations in experience regarding current mortality, morbidity, persistency and interest rates relative to expected amounts used in pricing the Company's products;

• The performance of our investment portfolio, which may be adversely affected by changes in interest rates, adverse developments and ratings of issuers whose debt securities we may hold, and other adverse macroeconomic events;

• Results of litigation we may be involved in;

• Changes in assumptions related to deferred acquisition costs and the value of any businesses we may acquire;

• Regulatory, accounting or tax changes that may affect the cost of, or the demand for, the Company's products or services;

• Our concentration of business from persons residing in Latin America and the Pacific Rim;

• Changes in tax laws;

• Effects of acquisitions and restructuring, including possible difficulties in integrating and realizing the projected results of acquisitions;

• Changes in statutory or U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("U.S. GAAP"), policies or practices;

• Changes in leadership among our board and senior management team.

• Our success at managing risks involved in the foregoing; and

• The risk factors discussed in "Part II-Item 1A-Risk Factors" of this report.

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CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

June 30, 2018

Such forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which such statements are made, and the Company undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which such statement is made.

We make available, free of charge, through our Internet website (http://www.citizensinc.com), our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, Section 16 Reports filed by officers and directors, news releases, and, if applicable, amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such reports with, or furnish such reports to, the Securities and Exchange Commission.  We are not including any of the information contained on our website as part of, or incorporating it by reference into, this report.

Overview

Citizens, Inc. (“Citizens” or the "Company") is an insurance holding company incorporated in Colorado serving the life insurance needs of individuals in the United States since 1969 and internationally since 1975. Through our insurance subsidiaries, we pursue a strategy of offering traditional insurance products in niche markets where we believe we can achieve competitive advantages.  As of June 30, 2018, we had approximately $1.7 billion of total assets and approximately $4.4 billion of insurance inforce.  Our core insurance operations include issuing and servicing:

• U.S. Dollar-denominated ordinary whole life insurance and endowment policies predominantly sold to foreign residents, located principally in Latin America and the Pacific Rim through independent marketing consultants;

• ordinary whole life insurance policies to middle income households concentrated in the Midwest, Mountain West and southern United States through independent marketing consultants; and

• final expense and limited liability property policies to middle and lower income households in Louisiana, Arkansas and Mississippi through employee and independent agents in our home service distribution channel and funeral homes.

We were formed in 1969 and historically, our Company has experienced growth through acquisitions in the domestic market and through organic market expansion in the international market.  We strive to generate bottom line returns using knowledge of our niche markets and our well-established distribution channels.

Strategic Initiatives

The Company's Board of Directors and new executive management team are continuing their assessment of the Company's domestic and international business models and business strategies with the assistance and support of external consultants and advisors.  Specifically, our evaluation of the Company's international business model is ongoing under the leadership of our CEO and Chief Marketing Officer.  We are focused on (1) new products and our profitability in both the domestic and international markets of our Life Segment as well as our Homes Service Segment; (2) a potential restructuring of our international business and operations which may include withdrawals from certain markets; (3) a strategic modernization and upgrade from our legacy technology systems and IT operations with a focus on digitization, our future business needs and cyber risk; (4) effectively operating our international life insurance business offshore in Bermuda through CICA Ltd.; and (5) assessing and optimizing our investment portfolio strategy.

As a result of the Company’s strategic review, the Company announced in April 2018 that it had decided to discontinue accepting life insurance applications from Brazilian residents or citizens. Although the financial impact of this change is uncertain, the Company does not currently anticipate the impact of withdrawal in this single market to be material since less than 6% of premiums and less than 1% of the Company’s inforce policies stem from applications underwritten on Brazilian residents or citizens as of December 31, 2017. The Company intends to continue fulfilling commitments under existing policies and to refocus its resources on other more attractive potential markets, products and opportunities.

In another step forward in our strategic review, the Company recently completed a novation of all of the international policies issued by CICA to CICA Ltd., effective July 1, 2018. As previously disclosed, Bermuda was chosen for its strong regulatory environment and suitability with the Company's priorities to protect our customers. We expect to operate our international business

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CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

June 30, 2018

exclusively from this entity going forward. As the Company continues its strategic review, it may make further changes to its business model in the future.

As expected, the implementation of these changes, while necessary for compliance and strategic reasons, is disrupting our international markets, resulting in declining initial policy applications and corresponding premiums in certain countries. The pace, extent and ultimate impact of these disruptions is not yet clear. The markets may stabilize over the long term after a period of transition, or the Company’s legacy business model may be undergoing a fundamental shift. We are actively monitoring quantitative changes in sales patterns as well as qualitative feedback from our independent sales consultants and policyholders to identify and analyze longer term business trends, while simultaneously exploring opportunities to mitigate negative impacts and put the Company on a path to profitable growth.

The following pages describe the operations of our two business segments:  Life Insurance and Home Service.  Revenues derived from any single customer did not exceed 10% of consolidated revenues in any of the last three years.

Current Financial Highlights

Financial highlights for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2018, compared to the same periods in 2017 were:

• Insurance premiums totaling $46.1 million and $90.2 million for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2018, respectively were down from $47.7 million and $93.1 million for the corresponding periods in 2017, a decrease of 3.4% and 3.2% driven by declines in first year and renewal premiums in our Life segment.

• Net investment income increased5.6% and 6.9% for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2018, compared to the corresponding periods in 2017, primarily due to a growing asset base from cash flows from our insurance operations.  The average yield on the consolidated portfolio as of the six months ended June 30, 2018 was an annualized rate of 4.33% compared to 4.24% for the same period in 2017.  

• We recorded realized losses of $86,009 and $388,061 for the three and six months periods ended June 30, 2018 due to fair value changes related to equity securities still owned at June 30, 2018. In addition, a realized loss of $225,000 was recorded for the six month period ended June 30, 2018 related to an additional write-down on a single issuer. The company recorded a gain of $1.1 million in the first quarter of 2017 on the sale of an office building in Little Rock, Arkansas.

• Claims and surrenders expense increased8.8% and 2.7% for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2018, respectively, compared to corresponding periods in 2017.

• General expenses increased54.6% and 7.5% for the three and six month period ended June 30, 2018, respectively, compared to the corresponding periods in 2017, due primarily to increased audit related costs, $1.8 million of additional costs added to the 7702 tax liability in the three months ended June 30, 2018 and a decrease in the six months ended June 30, 2018 totaling $5.4 million related to our 7702/72(s) tax compliance best estimate liability from the estimate at year end 2017 amount as we continue to refine our calculations and prepare to submit offers to enter into closing agreements with the IRS related to these matters. We also have additional costs reported in the six months ended June 30, 2018 from internal and external audit fees and higher permanent salaries related to executive officers hired in 2017. These higher expenses are offset partially by the 7702/72(s) items as noted.

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CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

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Our Operating Segments

Our business is comprised of two operating business segments, as detailed below.

• Life Insurance

• Home Service Insurance

Our insurance operations are the primary focus of the Company, as those operations generate the majority of our income.  See the discussion under Segment Operations for detailed analysis.  The amount of insurance, number of policies, and average face amounts of ordinary life policies issued during the periods indicated are shown below.

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018					2017
	Amount of Insurance Issued		Number of Policies Issued	Average Policy Face Amount Issued		Amount of Insurance Issued		Number of Policies Issued	Average Policy Face Amount Issued
Life	$	113,258,180	1,934	$	58,562	$	135,569,222	2,506	$	54,098
Home Service	92,505,865		13,041	7,093		97,758,971		14,356	6,810

Note:  All discussions below compare or state results for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2018 compared to the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2017.

Consolidated Results of Operations

A discussion of consolidated results is presented below, followed by a discussion of segment operations and financial results by segment.

Revenues

Revenues are generated primarily by insurance premiums and investment income on invested assets.

	Three Months Ended					Six Months Ended
	June 30,					June 30,
	2018			2017		2018		2017
	(In thousands)
Revenues:
Premiums:
Life insurance	$	44,631		46,155		87,160		89,959
Accident and health insurance	301			345		592		673
Property insurance	1,198			1,239		2,407		2,488
Net investment income	13,811			13,073		27,582		25,812
Realized investment gains (losses), net	(178		)	(117	)	(753	)	1,146
Other income	79			157		287		355
Total revenues	$	59,842		60,852		117,275		120,433

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CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

June 30, 2018

Premium Income.  Premium income derived from life, accident and health, and property insurance sales decreased3.4% and 3.2% for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2018 compared to the same periods in 2017. The decrease is driven primarily by a decrease in first year and renewal premiums in our Life Segment. See the detail distribution of premiums within Segment Operations discussion.

Net investment income performance is summarized as follows.

	June 30,			December 31,		June 30,
	2018			2017		2017
	(In thousands, except for %)
Net investment income, annualized	$	55,164		53,146		51,624
Average invested assets, at amortized cost	1,274,313			1,233,580		1,218,120
Annualized yield on average invested assets	4.33		%	4.31	%	4.24	%

The annualized yield has remained relatively consistent as a change in portfolio mix has somewhat mitigated the impact of reinvestment in the continued low interest rate environment.   

Investment income from debt securities accounted for approximately 87.8% of total investment income for the six months ended June 30, 2018.  

	Three Months Ended					Six Months Ended
	June 30,					June 30,
	2018			2017		2018		2017
	(In thousands)
Gross investment income:
Fixed maturity securities	$	12,557		11,908		24,981		23,413
Equity securities	168			175		328		367
Mortgage loans	3			2		6		5
Policy loans	1,521			1,401		3,056		2,788
Long-term investments	—			15		—		66
Other investment income	60			16		90		23
Total investment income	14,309			13,517		28,461		26,662
Investment expenses	(498		)	(444	)	(879	)	(850	)
Net investment income	$	13,811		13,073		27,582		25,812

Fixed maturity securities accounted for the majority of the increase in investment income and the increase in consolidated investment yield from 4.31% at December 31, 2017 to 4.33% at June 30, 2018. In addition, the increase in policy loans, which represents policyholders utilizing their accumulated policy cash value, contributed to the increase in investment income.

Realized Investment Gains (Losses), Net.  Realized losses in the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 were related to realized losses on equity securities adjustments to fair value and a loss recorded in the first quarter on an additional bond issuer impairment of $225,000. A realized gain was recorded for the six month period June 30, 2017 resulting from a $1.1 million gain on the sale of an office building in Little Rock, Arkansas. One other-than-temporary impairment was recorded on a common stock equity security in 2017 of $17,000.

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Benefits and Expenses

	Three Months Ended					Six Months Ended
	June 30,					June 30,
	2018			2017		2018		2017
	(In thousands)
Benefits and expenses:
Insurance benefits paid or provided:
Claims and surrenders	$	20,617		18,952		41,768		40,676
Increase in future policy benefit reserves	16,555			17,820		31,163		32,356
Policyholders' dividends	1,614			1,501		2,921		2,805
Total insurance benefits paid or provided	38,786			38,273		75,852		75,837
Commissions	8,669			9,894		17,628		19,819
Other general expenses	14,466			9,355		20,973		19,511
Capitalization of deferred policy acquisition costs	(5,640		)	(6,883	)	(11,603	)	(13,784	)
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs	7,200			7,642		14,806		15,017
Amortization of cost of customer relationships acquired	472			475		1,151		994
Total benefits and expenses	$	63,953		58,756		118,807		117,394

Claims and Surrenders.  A detail of claims and surrender benefits is provided below.

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2018		2017		2018	2017
	(In thousands)
Death claims	$	5,528	5,009		11,711	11,313
Surrender benefits	9,375		8,655		18,534	18,485
Endowments	3,314		3,572		6,506	7,179
Matured endowments	1,206		585		2,630	1,234
Property claims	429		378		814	1,000
Accident and health benefits	33		(4	)	114	88
Other policy benefits	732		757		1,459	1,377
Total claims and surrenders	$	20,617	18,952		41,768	40,676

• Death claims increased10.4% and 3.5% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to the same periods in 2017. Mortality experience is closely monitored by the Company and the activity is within expected levels.

• Surrenders increased8.3% and 0.3% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to 2017 primarily due to activity in the life insurance segment.

Increase in Future Policy Benefit Reserves.  The change in future policy benefit reserves decreased7.1% and 3.7% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to the same periods in 2017 as premiums volumes decreased and claims and surrenders increased.

Policyholders' Dividends.  Policyholders' dividends increased slightly for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and June 30, 2017.

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Commissions. Commission expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 fluctuated directly in relation to the decrease in first year and renewal premiums compared to premium levels for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017.  

Other General Expenses. Expenses increased for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018. We did have additional costs from internal and external audit fees related to the 2017 audit and higher permanent salaries related to executive officers added in 2017 which are reported as of June 30, 2018. We also recorded a decrease of $5.4 million related to our 7702/72(s) tax compliance best estimate liability as we continue to refine our calculations and prepare to submit offers to enter into closing agreements with the IRS related to these matters. These higher expenses are offset partially by the 7702/72(s) items as noted.

Capitalized and Amortized Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs.  Costs capitalized include certain commissions, policy issuance costs, and underwriting and agency expenses that relate to successful sales efforts for insurance contracts.  The decrease for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, compared to the same period in 2017 was the result of a decline in first year premium production in the current period, which decreased capitalized amounts.  Commissions paid on renewal premiums are significantly lower than those paid on first year business.

Amortization for the six months ended June 30, 2018, decreased compared to the same period in 2017. Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs is impacted by persistency and may fluctuate from year to year.

Federal Income Tax. The effective tax rate was (64.6)% and 13.5% for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Additionally, there is $1.7 millionof tax expense and $0.2 million of tax benefit related to an uncertain tax position in the six months ended June 30, 2018 and June 30, 2017, respectively.  Differences between our effective tax rate and the statutory tax rate result from income and expense items that are treated differently for financial reporting and tax purposes, as well as impacts from our tax compliance issues and uncertain tax positions.  See Note 9 - Income Taxes in the consolidated financial statements for further discussion.

Segment Operations

The Company has two reportable segments:  Life Insurance and Home Service Insurance.  These segments are reported in accordance with U.S. GAAP.  The Company also operates other non-insurance portions of the Company, which primarily include the Company's IT and Corporate-support functions, which are included in the table presented below to properly reconcile the segment information with the consolidated financial statements of the Company. The Company evaluates profit and loss performance of its segments based on net income before income taxes.

	Three Months Ended					Six Months Ended
	June 30,					June 30,
	2018			2017		2018		2017
Segments:	(In thousands)
Life Insurance	$	(1,327	)	1,920		4,621		3,599
Home Service Insurance	(971		)	601		(2,794	)	861
Total segments	(2,298		)	2,521		1,827		4,460
Other Non-Insurance enterprises	(1,813		)	(425	)	(3,359	)	(1,421	)
Income (loss) before income tax expense	$	(4,111	)	2,096		(1,532	)	3,039

Life Insurance

Our Life Insurance segment issues ordinary whole life insurance in the United States and in U.S. Dollar-denominated amounts to foreign residents.  These contracts are designed to provide a fixed amount of insurance coverage over the life of the insured and can utilize rider benefits to provide additional increasing or decreasing coverage and annuity benefits to enhance accumulations.  Additionally, endowment contracts are issued by the Company, which are principally accumulation contracts that incorporate an element of life insurance protection.  For the majority of our business, we retain the first $100,000 of risk on any

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CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

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one life, reinsuring the remainder of the risk.  Historically we have operated this segment through our CICA and CNLIC insurance subsidiaries. We plan to add operations in this segment related to CICA Ltd. going forward.

International Sales

We focus our sales of U.S. Dollar-denominated ordinary whole life insurance and endowment policies to residents in Latin America and the Pacific Rim.  We have participated in the foreign marketplace since 1975.  We believe positive attributes of our international insurance business include:

• larger face amount policies typically issued when compared to our U.S. operations, which results in lower underwriting and administrative costs per unit of coverage;

• premiums typically paid annually rather than monthly or quarterly, which reduces our administrative expenses, accelerates cash flow and results in lower policy lapse rates than premiums with more frequently scheduled payments; and

• persistency experience and mortality rates that are comparable to U.S. policies.

International Products

We offer several ordinary whole life insurance and endowment products designed to meet the needs of our non-U.S. policyowners.  These policies have been structured to provide:

• U.S. Dollar-denominated cash values that accumulate, beginning in the first policy year, to a policyholder during his or her lifetime;

• premium rates that are competitive with or better than most foreign local companies;

• a hedge against local currency inflation;

• protection against devaluation of foreign currency;

• capital investment in a more secure economic environment (i.e., the United States); and

• lifetime income guarantees for an insured or for surviving beneficiaries.

Our international products have living benefit features.  Every policy contains guaranteed cash values and is participating (i.e., provides for cash dividends as apportioned by the board of directors).  Once a policyowner pays the annual premium and the policy is issued, the owner becomes entitled to policy cash dividends as well as annual premium benefits, if the annual premium benefit was elected.  According to the policy language, the policyowner has several options with regard to the policy dividends and annual premium benefits. Any annual policy cash dividend may, at the option of the policyowner and provided the value of a dividend is not encumbered by a policy loan, be applied under one of the following options: (1) paid in cash to the policy owner; (2) credited toward payment of premiums on the policy; (3) left with the Company to accumulate at a defined interest rate; (4) applied to increase the amount of insurance benefit by purchase of paid-up additions to the policy; or (5) be assigned to a third party. If the policy is encumbered by a loan, only option 3 will apply to secure the outstanding loan. Similarly, all annual premium benefits credited to the policy may at the option of the policyowner, and provided the policy is not encumbered by a policy loan, be applied under one of the following options: (1) paid in cash to the policy owner; (2) credited toward payment of premiums on the policy; (3) left with the Company to accumulate at an annually company declared interest rate; or (4) be assigned to a third party. Likewise, if the policy is encumbered by a loan, only option (3) will apply to secure the outstanding loan. Under the “assigned to a third party” provision, the Company has historically allowed policyowners, only after receiving a copy of the Citizens, Inc. Stock Investment Plan (the “CISIP”) prospectus and acknowledging their understanding of the risks of investing in Citizens stock, the right to assign policy values outside of the policy to the CISIP, which is administered in the United States by Computershare, our plan administrator and transfer agent. The CISIP is a direct stock purchase plan available to our policyowners, our shareholders, our employees, our independent consultants, and other potential investors through the Computershare website. The Company has registered the shares of Class A common stock issuable to participants under the CISIP on a registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act") that is on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Computershare administers the CISIP in accordance with the terms and conditions of the CISIP, which is available on the Computershare website and as part of the Company’s registration statement on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

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CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

June 30, 2018

The following table sets forth, by country, our direct premiums from our international life insurance business for the periods indicated.

	Three Months Ended			Six Months Ended
	June 30,			June 30,
	2018		2017	2018	2017
	(In thousands)
Country
Colombia	$	6,973	6,859	13,026	13,245
Venezuela	6,113		7,092	12,154	13,858
Taiwan	4,087		4,158	8,879	9,265
Ecuador	3,798		4,183	7,462	7,745
Argentina	2,607		2,514	4,579	4,556
Other Non-U.S.	8,330		10,173	19,020	18,766
Total	$	31,908	34,979	65,120	67,435

We reported declines in premiums during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and continue to monitor key indicators in these markets for signs of weakening sales. This business is dependent on our clients having access to U.S. dollars. Our international business may also be affected by our ongoing strategic review of our business model and by economic or other events in foreign countries in which our policies are marketed. In April 2018, in connection with our strategic review, we discontinued accepting life insurance applications from Brazilian citizens or residents. Brazil had been one of our top 5 premium-producing countries in our international life insurance business. In addition, as shown above, direct premiums from Venezuela have declined as Venezuela has experienced widespread public demonstrations against crime, corruption and soaring inflation, and we expect that overall premiums from Venezuela will continue to decline if the deteriorating political and economic environment continues to adversely impact our ability to make sales and collect premiums. Our international business and premium collections also could be impacted by our inability to comply with current or future foreign laws or regulations applicable to the Company or our independent consultants in the countries from which we accept applications as well as by marketing or operational changes made by the Company to comply with those laws or regulations. See "Item 1A. Risk Factors" for additional information.

Domestic Sales

The majority of our domestic inforce business results from blocks of business of insurance companies we have acquired over the past 20 years.  We discontinued new sales of our non-home service domestic products beginning January 1, 2017.

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CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

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The following table sets forth our direct premiums by state for the periods indicated.

	Three Months Ended			Six Months Ended
	June 30,			June 30,
	2018		2017	2018	2017
	(In thousands)
State
Texas	$	428	496	818	972
Indiana	309		320	587	634
Florida	172		118	318	261
Missouri	106		106	208	219
Kentucky	54		72	103	155
Other States	515		505	955	1,016
Total	$	1,584	1,617	2,989	3,257

We report premiums based upon the current residence of our policyholders and therefore the increase in premiums received from Florida are related to policyholders moving into that state and updating their state of residence. A number of domestic life insurance companies we acquired had blocks of accident and health insurance policies, which we did not consider to be a core part of our business.  We have ceded the majority of our accident and health insurance business to an unaffiliated insurance company under a coinsurance agreement.

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CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

June 30, 2018

The results of operations for the life insurance segment for the periods indicated are as follows.

	Three Months Ended					Six Months Ended
	June 30,					June 30,
	2018			2017		2018		2017
	(In thousands)
Revenue:
Premiums	$	34,393		35,960		66,753		69,523
Net investment income	10,139			9,496		20,269		18,627
Realized investment losses, net	(24		)	(141	)	(209	)	(64	)
Other income	79			177		288		295
Total revenue	44,587			45,492		87,101		88,381
Benefits and expenses:
Insurance benefits paid or provided:
Claims and surrenders	15,019			13,842		30,310		29,518
Increase in future policy benefit reserves	15,383			16,513		28,965		29,773
Policyholders' dividends	1,605			1,490		2,902		2,785
Total insurance benefits paid or provided	32,007			31,845		62,177		62,076
Commissions	4,777			5,866		10,005		11,873
Other general expenses	6,908			4,327		6,024		8,199
Capitalization of deferred policy acquisition costs	(4,150		)	(5,223	)	(8,790	)	(10,601	)
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs	6,240			6,613		12,780		12,919
Amortization of cost of customer relationships acquired	132			144		284		316
Total benefits and expenses	45,914			43,572		82,480		84,782
Income (loss) before income tax expense	$	(1,327	)	1,920		4,621		3,599

Premiums.  Premium revenues decreased for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, compared to the same periods in 2017 due primarily to a decrease in both first year and renewal international business. First year premium revenues have declined for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, primarily as a result of the decrease in applications received from Venezuela and several other countries to a lesser extent, as noted previously. Sales internationally have continued to be driven by our endowment to age sixty-five and the twenty-year endowment products which have been the top performers in the last several years.

Life insurance premium breakout is detailed below.

	Three Months Ended			Six Months Ended
	June 30,			June 30,
	2018		2017	2018	2017
	(In thousands)
Premiums:
First year	$	2,700	3,842	5,774	8,015
Renewal	31,693		32,118	60,979	61,508
Total premiums	$	34,393	35,960	66,753	69,523

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CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

June 30, 2018

Net Investment Income.  Net investment income increased primarily due to the growth in average invested assets.

	Six Months Ended			Year Ended		Six Months Ended
	June 30,			December 31,		June 30,
	2018			2017		2017
	(In thousands, except for %)
Net investment income, annualized	$	40,538		38,578		37,254
Average invested assets, at amortized cost	939,754			890,705		873,083
Annualized yield on average invested assets	4.31		%	4.33	%	4.27	%

Realized Investment Losses, Net.  Realized investment losses recorded for the three and six month period ended June 30, 2018 were primarily due to equity securities fair value adjustments for the three and six months and an additional impairment of one single issuer which totaled $150,000 recorded in the first six months of 2018.

Claims and Surrenders.  These amounts fluctuate from period to period but were within anticipated ranges based upon management's expectations.

	Three Months Ended			Six Months Ended
	June 30,			June 30,
	2018		2017	2018	2017
	(In thousands)
Death claims	$	1,216	1,026	2,815	2,821
Surrender benefits	8,656		7,998	17,080	17,110
Endowment benefits	3,311		3,568	6,500	7,166
Matured endowments	1,065		454	2,367	956
Accident and health benefits	43		45	97	97
Other policy benefits	728		751	1,451	1,368
Total claims and surrenders	$	15,019	13,842	30,310	29,518

• Death claims expense was unfavorable for the three months ended and favorable for the six months ended June 30, 2018 compared with the same periods in 2017. Mortality experience is closely monitored by the Company as a key performance indicator and these amounts were within expected levels.

• Surrenders increased for the three months and decreased for the six month periods ended June 30, 2018 by 8.2% and 0.2% compared to 2017. The majority of policy surrender benefits paid is attributable to our international business and is in the later durations after the surrender charges are reduced or for periods in which the surrender charges have concluded. This is due to a maturing book of business.

• Endowment benefit expense primarily results from the election by policyholders of a product feature providing an annual guaranteed benefit.  This is a fixed benefit over the life of the contract, thus this expense will vary with new sales and persistency of the business.

• Matured endowments increased for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2018, compared to 2017, as more policies reached maturity in the current periods. We anticipate this trend will continue as endowments products age toward our maturing book of business.

• Other policy benefits resulted primarily from interest paid on premium deposits and policy benefit accumulations.

Increase in Future Policy Benefit Reserves.   The change in policy benefit reserves decreased for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to the same periods in 2017, primarily impacted by the new premium income decline and surrender activity noted above.

Policyholders' Dividends. Policyholders' dividends were comparable for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, and June 30, 2017, as we adjusted our dividend rates for later durations in our policies beginning in 2016.

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CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

June 30, 2018

Commissions.  Commission expense decreased for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, compared to the same periods in 2017.  This expense fluctuates directly with new premium revenues as commission rates paid are higher on first year premium sales, which were down for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, compared to the same periods in 2017.  Renewal premiums for the three and six months, for which we pay commissions at lower rates, also decreased from the prior year.

Other General Expenses.  These expenses are allocated by segment, based upon an annual expense study performed by the Company. Expenses increased for the three months and declined during the six months ended June 30, 2018, compared to the same periods in 2017 due primarily to higher audit costs in the second quarter plus an additional $1.3 million of 7702 tax compliance estimated costs and a decrease in the six months period of $6.2 million related to our 7702/72(s) tax compliance best estimate liability from year end 2017 which was adjusted down as we refined our estimate in preparation for submitting offers to enter into closing agreements with the IRS. This decline offset higher expenses related to internal and external audit fees and higher permanent salaries.

Capitalization of Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs ("DAC").  Capitalized costs fluctuate in direct relation to commissions, decreasing for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, based upon first year and renewal premiums and commissions paid compared to the same periods in 2017.  

Amortization of Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs.  Amortization for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018decreased compared to the same periods in 2017 as surrender activity was lower for the six month periods. As previously noted, persistency is monitored closely by the Company and was within expectations.

Home Service Insurance

We operate in the Home Service insurance market through our subsidiaries Security Plan Life Insurance Company ("SPLIC"), Magnolia Guaranty Life Insurance Company ("MGLIC") and Security Plan Fire Insurance Company ("SPFIC"), and focus on the life insurance needs of the middle and lower income markets, primarily in Louisiana, Mississippi and Arkansas.  Our policies are sold and serviced through a home service marketing distribution system of employee-agents who work full time on a route system and through funeral homes that sell policies, collect premiums and service policyholders.

The following table sets forth our direct premiums by state for the periods indicated.

	Three Months Ended			Six Months Ended
	June 30,			June 30,
	2018		2017	2018	2017
	(In thousands)
State
Louisiana	$	10,749	10,734	21,419	21,386
Mississippi	524		562	1,091	1,263
Arkansas	443		454	859	912
Other States	223		225	454	444
Total	$	11,939	11,975	23,823	24,005

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CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

June 30, 2018

Home Service Insurance Products

Our home service insurance products consist primarily of small face amount ordinary whole life and pre-need policies, which are designed to fund final expenses for the insured, primarily consisting of funeral and burial costs.  To a much lesser extent, our home service insurance segment sells limited-liability, named-peril property policies covering dwellings and contents.  We provide $30,000 maximum coverage on any one dwelling and contents, while content only coverage and dwelling only coverage is limited to $20,000, respectively.

We provide final expense ordinary life insurance and annuity products primarily to middle and lower income individuals in Louisiana, Mississippi and Arkansas.  

The results of operations for the home service insurance segment for the periods indicated are as follows.

	Three Months Ended					Six Months Ended
	June 30,					June 30,
	2018			2017		2018		2017
	(In thousands)
Revenue:
Premiums	$	11,737		11,779		23,406		23,597
Net investment income	3,316			3,250		6,618		6,509
Realized investment gains (losses), net	(151		)	24		(503	)	1,210
Other income (loss)	—			3		(1	)	2
Total revenue	14,902			15,056		29,520		31,318
Benefits and expenses:
Insurance benefits paid or provided:
Claims and surrenders	5,598			5,110		11,458		11,158
Increase in future policy benefit reserves	1,172			1,307		2,198		2,583
Policyholders' dividends	9			11		19		20
Total insurance benefits paid or provided	6,779			6,428		13,675		13,761
Commissions	3,892			4,028		7,623		7,946
Other general expenses	5,392			4,299		10,936		9,157
Capitalization of deferred policy acquisition costs	(1,490		)	(1,660	)	(2,813	)	(3,183	)
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs	960			1,029		2,026		2,098
Amortization of cost of customer relationships acquired	340			331		867		678
Total benefits and expenses	15,873			14,455		32,314		30,457
Income (loss) before income tax expense	$	(971	)	601		(2,794	)	861

Premiums.  Premiums were down slightly for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2018, compared to the same periods in 2017.

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Net Investment Income.  Net investment income for our home service insurance segment was as follows.

	Six Months Ended			Year Ended		Six Months Ended
	June 30,			December 31,		June 30,
	2018			2017		2017
	(In thousands, except for %)
Net investment income, annualized	$	13,236		13,132		13,018
Average invested assets, at amortized cost	287,119			289,634		290,430
Annualized yield on average invested assets	4.61		%	4.53	%	4.48	%

Realized Investment Gains (Losses), Net.  Realized net losses for the three and six month period ended June 30, 2018 were primarily due to equity securities fair value adjustments for the three and six months and an additional impairment on one bond issuer totaling $75,000 recorded in the first six months of 2018. A realized gain was recorded for the six month period in 2017 of $1.1 million related to the sale of an office building in Little Rock, Arkansas.

Claims and Surrenders.  Claims and surrenders increased for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, compared to the same periods in 2017, based upon reported claims compared to the prior year, but were within expected ranges.

	Three Months Ended					Six Months Ended
	June 30,					June 30,
	2018			2017		2018	2017
	(In thousands)
Death claims	$	4,312		3,983		8,896	8,492
Surrender benefits	719			657		1,454	1,375
Endowment benefits	3			4		6	13
Matured endowments	141			131		263	278
Property claims	429			378		814	1,000
Accident and health benefits	(10		)	(49	)	17	(9	)
Other policy benefits	4			6		8	9
Total claims and surrenders	$	5,598		5,110		11,458	11,158

• Death claims expense fluctuates based upon reported claims. We experienced increased reported claims in the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to the same periods in 2017. Mortality experience is closely monitored by the Company as a key performance indicator and amounts were within expected levels.

• Surrender benefits increased slightly for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to the same periods in 2017.

• Property claims increased for the three months and decreased for the six months ended June 30, 2018 as we experienced weather-related claims in the first three months of 2018 but year to date experience was favorable compared to the same periods in 2017.

Increase in Future Policy Benefit Reserves.  The change in future policy benefit reserves for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, was consistent with sales activity compared to the same periods in 2017.

Commissions.  Commission expense decreased for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, compared to the same periods in 2017, consistent with premium collections.

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CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

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Other General Expenses.  Expenses are allocated by segment based upon an annual expense study performed by the Company. The expenses increased for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to 2017, due primarily to additional internal and external audit fees, executive salaries and an increase of $0.5 million for the current three months ended related to the 7702 tax compliance issue.

Capitalization of Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs ("DAC").  Capitalized costs decreased for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, as commission expense decreased during the periods.  DAC capitalization is directly correlated to fluctuations in new business and commissions.

Amortization of Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs.  Amortization for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018decreased slightly compared to the corresponding periods in 2017 as surrenders increased as noted above.

Other Non-Insurance Enterprises

This represents the administrative support entities to the insurance operations whose revenues are primarily intercompany and have been eliminated in consolidation under GAAP. The loss reported for the three and six months of 2018 and 2017 is typical since the elimination of intercompany revenue is its primary source of revenue and increased as overall expense levels are higher.

Investments

The administration of our investment portfolios is handled by our management, pursuant to board-approved investment guidelines, with all trading activity approved by a committee of each entity's respective boards of directors.  The guidelines used require that fixed maturities, both government and corporate, are investment grade and comprise a majority of the investment portfolio.  State insurance statutes prescribe the quality and percentage of the various types of investments that may be made by insurance companies and generally permit investment in qualified state, municipal, federal and foreign government obligations, high quality corporate bonds, preferred and common stock, mortgage loans and real estate within certain specified percentages.  The assets are intended to mature in accordance with the average maturity of the insurance products and to provide the cash flow for our insurance company subsidiaries to meet their respective policyholder obligations.

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CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

June 30, 2018

The following table shows the carrying value of our investments by investment category and cash and cash equivalents, and the percentage of each to total invested cash, cash equivalents and investments.

	June 30, 2018			December 31, 2017
	Carrying Value		% of Total Carrying Value	Carrying Value		% of Total Carrying Value
	(In thousands)			(In thousands)
Marketable debt securities:
U.S. Treasury and U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises	$	15,623	1.2	$	16,304	1.2
States and political subdivisions	757,978		56.0	780,557		57.7
Corporate	415,647		30.7	409,610		30.4
Mortgage-backed (1)	1,598		0.1	1,978		0.1
Foreign governments	119		—	121		—
Total fixed maturity securities	1,190,965		88.0	1,208,570		89.4
Cash and cash equivalents	63,333		4.7	46,064		3.4
Other investments:
Policy loans	77,577		5.7	73,735		5.5
Equity securities	15,372		1.1	16,164		1.2
Mortgage loans	190		—	195		—
Real estate held for investment	5,769		0.4	7,416		0.5
Real estate held for sale	1,483		0.1	—		—
Other long-term investments	34		—	36		—
Total cash, cash equivalents and investments	$	1,354,723	100.0	$	1,352,180	100.0

⁽¹⁾ Includes $1.4 million and $1.8 million of U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.

Cash and cash equivalents increased as of June 30, 2018 due to timing of cash inflows and investment of cash into marketable securities.

The held-to-maturity portfolio as of June 30, 2018 represented 18.0% of the total fixed maturity securities owned based upon carrying values, with the remaining 82.0% classified as available-for-sale.  Held-to-maturity securities are reported in the financial statements at amortized cost and available-for-sale securities are reported at fair value.

The following table sets forth the distribution of the credit ratings of our portfolio of fixed maturity securities by carrying value as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

	June 30, 2018			December 31, 2017
	Carrying Value		% of Total Carrying Value	Carrying Value		% of Total Carrying Value
	(In thousands)			(In thousands)
AAA	$	92,314	7.8	$	93,911	7.8
AA	468,089		39.3	488,675		40.4
A	309,891		26.0	325,476		26.9
BBB	287,396		24.1	266,461		22.0
BB and other	33,275		2.8	34,047		2.8
Totals	$	1,190,965	100.0	$	1,208,570	99.9

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June 30, 2018

Credit ratings reported for the periods indicated are assigned by a Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organization (“NRSRO”) such as Moody’s Investors Service, Standard & Poor’s or Fitch Ratings.  A credit rating assigned by an NRSRO is a quality based rating, with AAA representing the highest quality and D the lowest, with BBB and above being considered investment grade.  In addition, the Company may use credit ratings of the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (“NAIC”) Securities Valuation Office (“SVO”) as assigned, if there is no NRSRO rating.  Securities rated by the SVO are grouped in the equivalent NRSRO category as stated by the SVO and securities that are not rated by an NRSRO are included in the “other” category.

The Company has no direct sovereign European debt exposure as of June 30, 2018.  We do have indirect exposure in one bond mutual fund holding, but the amount is deemed immaterial to the current investment holdings and consolidated financials.

As of June 30, 2018, the Company held municipal securities that include third party guarantees.  Detailed below is a presentation by NRSRO rating of our municipal holdings by funding type.

Municipal securities shown including third party guarantees

	June 30, 2018
	General Obligation			Special Revenue		Other		Total		% Based on
	Fair Value		Amortized Cost	Fair Value	Amortized Cost	Fair Value	Amortized Cost	Fair Value	Amortized Cost	Amortized Cost
	(In thousands)
AAA	$	58,170	57,280	31,912	31,614	—	—	90,082	88,894	11.9
AA	161,375		158,910	259,481	255,655	24,870	24,163	445,726	438,728	58.5
A	29,919		29,743	153,744	148,441	10,822	10,386	194,485	188,570	25.2
BBB	7,768		8,043	15,567	15,348	1,940	2,011	25,275	25,402	3.4
BB and other	4,127		4,428	2,623	3,117	—	—	6,750	7,545	1.0
Total	$	261,359	258,404	463,327	454,175	37,632	36,560	762,318	749,139	100.0

Municipal securities shown excluding third party guarantees

	June 30, 2018
	General Obligation			Special Revenue		Other		Total		% Based on
	Fair Value		Amortized Cost	Fair Value	Amortized Cost	Fair Value	Amortized Cost	Fair Value	Amortized Cost	Amortized Cost
	(In thousands)
AAA	$	23,595	23,561	10,354	10,434	—	—	33,949	33,995	4.5
AA	134,721		133,027	178,272	175,891	16,290	15,611	329,283	324,529	43.4
A	54,677		54,149	189,056	183,053	13,511	13,111	257,244	250,313	33.4
BBB	13,180		13,303	37,035	36,506	—	—	50,215	49,809	6.6
BB and other	35,186		34,364	48,610	48,291	7,831	7,838	91,627	90,493	12.1
Total	$	261,359	258,404	463,327	454,175	37,632	36,560	762,318	749,139	100.0

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June 30, 2018

The Company held investments in special revenue bonds that had a greater than 10% exposure based upon activity as noted in the table below.

	Fair Value		Amortized Cost	% of Total Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Utilities	$	156,862	152,366	20.6	%
Education	111,224		108,264	14.6	%
General Obligations	80,614		79,530	10.6	%

The Company's exposure of municipal holdings is spread across many states, with Texas and Florida as the two states with the largest municipal holdings as of June 30, 2018. The Company holds 22.0% of its municipal security holdings in Texas issuers and 12.0% in Florida issuers based on fair value. There were no other states or individual issuer holdings that represented or exceeded 10% of the total municipal portfolio as of June 30, 2018. The tables below represent the exposure the Company holds in these two states.

	June 30, 2018
	General Obligation			Special Revenue		Other		Total
	Fair Value		Amortized Cost	Fair Value	Amortized Cost	Fair Value	Amortized Cost	Fair Value	Amortized Cost
	(In thousands)
Texas securities including third party guarantees
AAA	$	56,160	55,309	14,700	14,345	—	—	70,860	69,654
AA	45,651		45,314	29,751	29,230	—	—	75,402	74,544
A	—		—	12,822	12,385	—	—	12,822	12,385
BBB	—		—	6,799	6,521	—	—	6,799	6,521
BB and other	747		746	1,317	1,811	—	—	2,064	2,557
Total	$	102,558	101,369	65,389	64,292	—	—	167,947	165,661
Texas securities excluding third party guarantees
AAA	$	22,130	22,103	958	967	—	—	23,088	23,070
AA	62,763		61,777	27,638	27,068	—	—	90,401	88,845
A	13,816		13,737	20,982	20,345	—	—	34,798	34,082
BBB	1,211		1,161	9,995	9,686	—	—	11,206	10,847
BB and other	2,638		2,591	5,816	6,226	—	—	8,454	8,817
Total	$	102,558	101,369	65,389	64,292	—	—	167,947	165,661

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June 30, 2018

	June 30, 2018
	General Obligation			Special Revenue		Other		Total
	Fair Value		Amortized Cost	Fair Value	Amortized Cost	Fair Value	Amortized Cost	Fair Value	Amortized Cost
	(In thousands)
Florida securities including third party guarantees
AAA	$	514	507	3,574	3,533	—	—	4,088	4,040
AA	—		—	58,262	57,775	5,169	5,206	63,431	62,981
A	—		—	13,715	13,492	10,599	10,161	24,314	23,653
BBB	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	—
BB and other	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Total	$	514	507	75,551	74,800	15,768	15,367	91,833	90,674
Florida securities excluding third party guarantees
AAA	$	514	507	—	—	—	—	514	507
AA	—		—	45,547	45,177	3,635	3,683	49,182	48,860
A	—		—	23,915	23,726	10,599	10,161	34,514	33,887
BBB	—		—	1,759	1,704	—	—	1,759	1,704
BB and other	—		—	4,330	4,193	1,534	1,523	5,864	5,716
Total	$	514	507	75,551	74,800	15,768	15,367	91,833	90,674

Valuation of Investments

We evaluate the carrying value of our fixed maturity and equity securities at least quarterly.  The Company monitors all debt and equity securities on an on-going basis relative to changes in credit ratings, market prices, earnings trends and financial performance, in addition to specific region or industry reviews.  The assessment of whether other-than-temporary impairments have occurred is based on a case-by-case evaluation of underlying reasons for the decline in fair value.  The Company determines other-than-temporary impairment by reviewing all relevant evidence related to the specific security issuer as well as the Company's intent to sell the security, or if it is more likely than not that the Company would be required to sell a security before recovery of its amortized cost.

When an other-than-temporary impairment has occurred, the amount of the other-than-temporary impairment recognized in earnings depends on whether the Company intends to sell the security or more likely than not will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis.  If the Company intends to sell the security or more likely than not will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, the other-than-temporary impairment is recognized in earnings equal to the entire difference between the investment's cost and its fair value at the balance sheet date.  If the Company does not intend to sell the security and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, the other-than-temporary impairment is separated into the following:  a) the amount representing the credit loss; and b) the amount related to all other factors.  The amount of the total other-than-temporary impairment related to the credit loss is recognized in earnings.  The amount of the total other-than-temporary impairment related to other factors is recognized in other comprehensive income, net of applicable taxes.  The previous amortized cost basis less the other-than-temporary impairment recognized in earnings becomes the new amortized cost basis of the investment.  The new amortized cost basis is not adjusted for subsequent recoveries in fair value.

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There were no other-than-temporary impairments recorded for the three months ended June 30, 2018 or 2017. The Company recognized other-than-temporary impairments of $225,000 on one bond issuer for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and $17,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2017 on one equity security that was in an unrealized loss position for greater than one year.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity refers to a company's ability to generate sufficient cash flows to meet the needs of its operations.  Liquidity is managed on insurance operations to ensure stable and reliable sources of cash flows to meet obligations provided by a variety of sources.

Liquidity requirements of the Company are met primarily by funds provided from operations.  Premium deposits and revenues, investment income and investment maturities are the primary sources of funds, while investment purchases, policy benefits, and operating expenses are the primary uses of funds.  We historically have not had to liquidate investments to provide cash flow and did not do so during the first six months of 2018.  Our investments as of June 30, 2018, consist of 75.6% of marketable debt securities classified as available-for-sale that could be readily converted to cash for liquidity needs.

Our whole life and endowment products provide the policyholder with alternative election decisions once the policy matures. The policyholder can choose to take a lump sum payout or leave the money on deposit at interest with the Company. The Company has a significant amount of endowment products representing approximately 50% of total inforce with older contracts sold historically that will begin reaching their maturities over the next several years and policyholder election behavior is not known. If policyholders elect lump sum distributions, the Company could be exposed to liquidity risk in years of high maturities. Meeting these distributions could require the Company to sell securities at inopportune times to pay policyholder withdrawals. Alternatively, if the policyholder were to leave the money on deposit with the Company at interest, our profitability could be impacted if the product guaranteed rate is higher than the current market rate we can earn on our investments. We currently anticipate that available liquidity sources and future cash flows will be adequate to meet our needs for funds, but we will monitor closely our policyholder behavior patterns.

A large portion of our debt security investment portfolio will mature in the next seven years and could be called sooner as we were subject to significant call activity beginning in 2009 due to the declining interest rate environment and we reinvested into shorter durations that are now approaching maturity. We will need to reinvest these maturing funds in the current interest rate environment. Our profitability could be negatively impacted depending on the market rates at the time of reinvestment. This could result in a decrease in our spread between our policy liability crediting rates and our investment earned rates. This could also negatively impact our liquidity.

A primary liquidity concern is the risk of an extraordinary level of early policyholder withdrawals.  We include provisions within our insurance policies, such as surrender charges, that help limit and discourage early withdrawals.  Since these contractual withdrawals, as well as the level of surrenders experienced, have been largely consistent with our assumptions in asset liability management, our associated cash outflows have, historically, not had an adverse impact on our overall liquidity.  Individual life insurance policies are less susceptible to withdrawal than annuity reserves and deposit liabilities because policyholders may incur surrender charges and undergo a new underwriting process to obtain a new insurance policy.  Cash flow projections and cash flow tests under various market interest rate scenarios are also performed annually to assist in evaluating liquidity needs and adequacy.  We currently anticipate that available liquidity sources and future cash flows will be adequate to meet our needs for funds.

Cash flows from our insurance operations historically have been sufficient to meet current needs.  Cash flows from operating activities were $42.0 million and $43.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and June 30, 2017, respectively.  We have traditionally also had significant cash flows from both scheduled and unscheduled investment security maturities, redemptions, and prepayments.  These cash flows, for the most part, are reinvested in fixed income securities.  Net cash outflows from investing activities totaled $24.9 million and $46.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and June 30, 2017, respectively. The investing activities fluctuate from period to period due to timing of securities activities such as calls and maturities and reinvestment of those funds. 

In 2015, we determined that a portion of the life insurance and annuity policies issued by our subsidiary insurance companies failed to qualify for the favorable U.S. federal income tax treatment afforded by Sections 7702 and 72(s) of the Internal Revenue

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CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

June 30, 2018

Code ("IRC") of 1986. As of June 30, 2018, we have established a liability of $7.1 million for probable liabilities and expenses associated with this tax compliance matter, which represents management’s estimate and we have disclosed an estimated range related to probable liabilities and expenses of $4.5 million to $44.0 million. This estimate and range includes projected toll charges and fees payable to the IRS, as well as any other costs attributed to remediation of non-compliant domestic life insurance. The amount of our liabilities and expenses depends on a number of uncertainties, including the number of prior tax years for which we may be liable to the IRS, the number of domestic life insurance policies we will be required to remediate, and the methodology applicable to the calculation of taxable benefits under non-compliant policies. Given the range of potential outcomes and the significant variables assumed in establishing our estimates, actual amounts incurred may exceed our reserve and could exceed the high end of our estimated range of liabilities and expenses.

In May 2017, we submitted an offer under Rev Proc 2008-40 to enter into closing agreements with the IRS covering certain CICA and CNLIC domestic life insurance contracts.  A voluntary, taxpayer-initiated closing agreement under this IRS revenue procedure generally addresses situations where a taxpayer has inadvertently failed to meet the requirements of Internal Revenue Code section 7702, which defines life insurance for federal tax purposes. A voluntary closing agreement allows taxpayers to come forward to the IRS with self-identified violations or deficiencies and work with the IRS towards a mutual resolution to correct the violations or deficiencies. The consideration offered by CICA and CNLIC under the proposed closing agreements totaled approximately $124,000 and $4,000, respectively.  The consideration that will be required under the final closing agreements could be different and will depend on how the IRS responds to the closing agreements offer. We expect to file other offers for additional closing agreements with the IRS for the SPLIC and MGLIC life insurance businesses in 2018. In addition, we have initiated discussions with the IRS to address potential liabilities regarding the CICA international life insurance business and our annuity business.

This compliance issue could result in increased tax liabilities for the owners of these policies.  Policyholders could decide to surrender their policies due to this issue which would subsequently result in higher cash outflows due to an increase in surrender activity.

Dividends are declared and paid from time to time from the insurance affiliates as determined by their respective boards.

The NAIC has established minimum capital requirements in the form of Risk-Based Capital ("RBC").  RBC factors the type of business written by an insurance company, the quality of its assets, and various other aspects of an insurance company's business to develop a minimum level of capital called "authorized control level risk-based capital" and compares this level to adjusted statutory capital that includes capital and surplus as reported under statutory accounting principles, plus certain investment reserves.  Should the ratio of adjusted statutory capital to control level RBC fall below 200%, a series of remedial actions by the affected company would be required. Capital balances could be impacted by this tax compliance issue for the insurance companies affected. The holding company would anticipate funding the life companies as needed to keep capital amounts within required levels.

All insurance subsidiaries were above the RBC minimums at June 30, 2018.  

Contractual Obligations and Off-balance Sheet Arrangements

There have been no material changes in contractual obligations from those reported in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.  The Company does not have off-balance sheet arrangements at June 30, 2018.  We do not utilize special purpose entities as investment vehicles, nor are there any such entities in which we have an investment that engage in speculative activities of any nature, and we do not use such investments to hedge our investment positions.

Parent Company Liquidity and Capital Resources

Citizens is a holding company and has had minimal operations of its own.  Its assets consist primarily of the capital stock of its subsidiaries, cash, fixed income securities, mutual funds and investment real estate.  Accordingly, Citizens' cash flows depend upon the availability of statutorily permissible payments, primarily payments under management agreements from its two primary life insurance subsidiaries, CICA and SPLIC.  The ability to make payments is limited by applicable laws and regulations of Colorado, CICA's state of domicile, and Louisiana, SPLIC's state of domicile, which subject insurance operations to significant

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June 30, 2018

regulatory restrictions.  These laws and regulations require, among other things, that these insurance subsidiaries maintain minimum solvency requirements and limit the amount of dividends these subsidiaries can pay to the holding company.  Citizens historically has not relied upon dividends from subsidiaries for its cash flow needs.  However, CICA and SPLIC do dividend available funds from time to time in relation to new acquisition target strategies.

Critical Accounting Policies

We have prepared a current assessment of our critical accounting policies and estimates in connection with preparing our interim unaudited consolidated financial statements as of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and June 30, 2017. We believe that the accounting policies set forth in the Notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements and “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” in the Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Consolidated Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 continue to describe the significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.

Item 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

General

The nature of our business exposes us to market risk relative to our invested assets and policy liabilities.  Market risk is the risk of loss that may occur when changes in interest rates and public equity prices adversely affect the value of our invested assets.  Interest rate risk is our primary market risk exposure.  Substantial and sustained increases and decreases in market interest rates can affect the fair value of our investments.  The fair value of our fixed maturity portfolio generally increases when interest rates decrease and decreases when interest rates increase. For additional information regarding market risks to which we are subject, see "Item 1. Financial Statements - Note 5. Investments - Valuation of Investments in Fixed Maturity and Equity Securities" above.

The following table summarizes net unrealized gains and losses as of the dates indicated.

	June 30, 2018				December 31, 2017
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value	Net Unrealized Gains	Amortized Cost	Fair Value	Net Unrealized Gains
	(In thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale	$	967,918	976,451	8,533	935,977	974,609	38,632
Fixed maturities, held-to-maturity	214,514		218,774	4,260	233,961	241,377	7,416
Total fixed maturities	$	1,182,432	1,195,225	12,793	1,169,938	1,215,986	46,048
Total equity securities	$	14,916	15,372	456	15,289	16,164	875

Market Risk Related to Interest Rates

Our exposure to interest rate changes results from our significant holdings of fixed maturity investments, which comprised 92.2% of our investment portfolio based on carrying value as of June 30, 2018.  These investments are mainly exposed to changes in U.S. Treasury rates.  Our fixed maturity investments include U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises, U.S. Government bonds, securities issued by government agencies, municipal bonds and corporate bonds.  

To manage interest rate risk, we perform periodic projections of asset and liability cash flows to evaluate the potential sensitivity of our investments and liabilities.  We assess interest rate sensitivity annually with respect to our available-for-sale fixed maturities investments using hypothetical test scenarios that assume either upward or downward shifts in the prevailing interest rates.  The changes in fair values of our debt and equity securities as of June 30, 2018 were within the expected range of this analysis.

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Changes in interest rates typically have a sizable effect on the fair values of our debt and equity securities.  The interest rate of the ten-year U.S. Treasury bond increased to 2.85% during the six months ended June 30, 2018, from 2.40% at December 31, 2017.  Net unrealized gains on fixed maturity securities totaled $12.8 million at June 30, 2018, compared to $46.0 million at December 31, 2017.

The fixed maturity portfolio is exposed to call risk, as a significant portion of the current bond holdings are callable.  A decreasing interest rate environment can result in increased call activity as experienced over the past several years, and an increasing rate environment will likely result in securities being paid at their stated maturity.

There are no fixed maturities or other investments classified as trading instruments.  Approximately 81.7% of fixed maturities were held in available-for-sale and 18.3% in held-to-maturity based upon fair value at June 30, 2018.  At June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, we had no investments in derivative instruments, nor did we have any subprime or collateralized debt obligation risk.

Market Risk Related to Equity Prices

Changes in the level or volatility of equity prices affect the value of equity securities we hold as investments.  Our equity investments portfolio represented 1.2% of our total investments based upon carrying value at June 30, 2018, with 98.9% invested in diversified equity and bond mutual funds.  We believe that significant decreases in the equity markets would not have a material adverse impact on our total investment portfolio.

Item 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

EVALUATION OF DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.

Our management, including our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer and principal operating officer, evaluated the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act as of June 30, 2018. Based on such evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective due to the material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting that were reported in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 (“2017 Annual Report”), which remain unremediated as of June 30, 2018.

CHANGES IN INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

During the three months ended June 30, 2018, there were no changes in the Company's internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

June 30, 2018

STATUS OF REMEDIATION OF MATERIAL WEAKNESSES

While we have made progress on strengthening our internal controls relative to the previously identified material weaknesses, material weaknesses continue to exist. Management, with oversight from our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, has identified and initiated actions that, once fully implemented and operating for a sufficient period of time, are designed to remediate the material weaknesses in each of the five components of internal control (control environment, risk assessment, control activities, information and communication, and monitoring) as defined by the Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission ("COSO 2013") identified in the Company’s 2017 Annual Report. Specifically, the Company intends is undertaking the following actions to remediate the Company’s identified material weaknesses:

• For information technology, design and implement controls related to user access, privileged access and change management processes that operate effectively;

• Perform user acceptance testing of system generated reports that are used in the operation of business process and management review controls to provide a baseline to support reliance on change management controls going forward;

• Implement an End User Control (“EUC”) Policy, which includes (i) an inventory and risk assessment of all financially relevant spreadsheets, and (ii) designing and implementing EUC controls over the accuracy and completeness of those spreadsheets;

• Reevaluate the design of business process and management review controls with a focus on the precision of those controls;

• Review and enhance the design of outsourced service provider controls used to monitor processes that are outsourced to third parties, including the precision of any monitoring, business process, information technology and management review controls;

• Enhance and deliver COSO 2013 internal control awareness training for all relevant employees;

• Conduct a comprehensive risk assessment which will include a focus on risks related to processing and reporting financial information that are relevant for the Company, our products and our geographies; and

• Reevaluate the criteria established in COSO 2013 to make further enhancements to entity-level controls to demonstrate that our internal controls framework addresses relevant principles and points of focus of COSO 2013.

We will make further changes as appropriate. We believe the remediation steps outlined above have improved and will continue to improve the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting and our compliance with the COSO 2013 framework as a whole. We will test the ongoing operating effectiveness of all new controls subsequent to implementation and consider the material weaknesses remediated after the applicable remedial controls operate effectively for a sufficient period of time. We expect this testing to begin in the third quarter of 2018.

PART II.  OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

On or about March 16, 2017, Juan Gamboa filed a putative class action lawsuit against the Company and five of its current and former directors and executive officers in the United States District Court, Western District of Texas. The lawsuit alleged that the defendants violated Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder by making false and/or misleading statements, as well as failing to disclose material adverse facts about the Company’s business, operations and prospects.  On May 25, 2017, the court appointed lead plaintiffs, and on July 31, 2017, the lead plaintiffs filed an amended complaint. The amended complaint sought an award of damages in an unspecified amount on behalf of a putative class consisting of persons who purchased the Company’s common stock between March 11, 2015 and March 8, 2017, inclusive.  On September 28, 2017, we filed a motion to dismiss. On May 29, 2018, the court granted our motion, dismissed with prejudice the plaintiffs’ claims against all defendants and ordered the case closed. It is our understanding that the plaintiffs’ appeal period has expired.

As disclosed in prior periods, the legal and regulatory actions facing the Company include those relating to compliance with U.S. federal securities laws. Specifically, the Company has been the subject of an investigation by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), which appears to be focused on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures in light of the Company’s determination in 2015 that a portion of the life insurance and annuity policies

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issued by its subsidiary insurance companies failed to qualify for the favorable U.S. federal income tax treatment afforded by Sections 7702 and 72(s) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. There have been no allegations of fraud presented by the SEC. We have cooperated fully with the investigation and expect that the matter will be resolved soon, although we cannot predict the timing of a resolution or the ultimate outcome of the investigation.

In the normal course of business, the Company is subject to various legal and regulatory actions which are immaterial to the Company's financial statements. For more information about the risks related to litigation and regulatory actions, please see the risk factor titled “We are a defendant in lawsuits, which may adversely affect our financial condition and detract from the time our management is able to devote to our business, and we are subject to risks related to litigation and regulatory matters.” in Item 1A. Risk Factors.

Item 1A. RISK FACTORS

Investing in our Company involves certain risks.Set forth below are certain risks with respect to our Company.  Readers should carefully review these risks, together with the risk factors set forth in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 and other information contained in this report.  The risks and uncertainties we have described in this report are not the only ones we face.  Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us, or that we currently deem not material, may also adversely affect our business.  Any of the risks discussed in this report or that are presently unknown or not material, if they were to actually occur, could result in a significant adverse impact on our business, operating results, prospects or financial condition.  References in the risk factors below to "we," "us," "our," "Citizens" and like terms relate to Citizens, Inc. and its subsidiaries on a U.S. GAAP consolidated financial statement basis, unless specifically identified otherwise. We operate our subsidiaries as separate and distinct entities with respect to corporate formalities.  

Risks Relating to Our Business

The majority of our sales derives from residents of foreign countries and is subject to risks associated with political instability, currency control laws and foreign insurance laws. A significant loss of sales in these foreign markets could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

The majority of our direct premiums, approximately 71% in 2018, are from foreign countries, primarily those in Latin America and the Pacific Rim.  These sales are made through independent consultants who are located in these foreign countries. Many of these countries have a history of political instability, including regime changes, political uprisings, currency fluctuations and anti-democratic or anti-U.S. policies. There is a risk that political instability in these countries could have a material adverse effect on the ability of people living in these countries to purchase our insurance policies or our ability to sell our policies in those countries through our independent consultants or otherwise. Our Company’s future sales and financial results depend upon avoiding significant regulatory restraints on receiving insurance policy applications and premiums from, and issuing insurance policies to, residents outside of the United States.

Currency control laws or other currency exchange restrictions in foreign countries could materially adversely affect our revenues by imposing restrictions on asset transfers outside of a country where our insureds reside. Difficulties in transferring funds from or converting currencies to U.S. dollars in certain countries could prevent our insureds in those countries from purchasing or paying premiums on our policies. There can be no assurance that such restrictions will not be imposed and that our revenues, results of operations and financial condition will not be materially adversely affected if they do occur.

We also face risks associated with the application of foreign laws to our sales of policies to residents in foreign countries. Generally, all foreign countries in which we offer insurance products require a license or other authority to conduct insurance business in that country. Some of these countries also require that local regulatory authorities approve the terms of any insurance product sold to residents of that country. We have never sought to qualify to do business in any foreign country and have never submitted the insurance policies that we issue to residents of foreign countries for approval by any foreign or domestic insurance regulatory agency. Traditionally, we have sought to mitigate risks associated with the potential application of foreign laws to our sales of insurance policies in our foreign markets by, among other things, not locating any of our offices or assets in foreign countries, selling policies only through independent consultants rather than our own employees, requiring that all applications for insurance be submitted to and accepted only in our offices in the U.S., and requiring that policy premiums be paid to us only in U.S. Dollars.  We rely on our independent consultants to comply with laws applicable to them in marketing our insurance products in their respective countries. Even with the precautionary measures, practices and policies mentioned above, the Company may determine

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that the risks associated with a particular market and its regulatory environment outweigh the benefits of conducting further business in that market.

We have undertaken a comprehensive compliance review of risks associated with the potential application of foreign laws to our sales of insurance policies in foreign countries. The application of foreign laws to our sales of insurance policies in foreign countries varies by country. There is a lack of uniform regulation and lack of clarity in certain regulations. Our compliance review has confirmed the previously disclosed risks related to foreign insurance laws associated with our current business model, at least in certain foreign countries. As a result of this evaluation, on April 25, 2018 the Company announced its decision to discontinue accepting life insurance applications from Brazilian citizens. While the Company intends to continue fulfilling commitments under existing policies, the regulatory environment in Brazil does not afford substantial clarity or guidance as to the extent to which the Company will be able to continue to fulfill such commitments.

There are risks that a foreign government could determine under its existing laws that its residents may not purchase life insurance from us unless we become qualified to do business in that country or unless our policies purchased by its residents receive prior approval from its insurance regulators. There also is a risk that a foreign government will enact additional legislation that may render our existing insurance products either illegal or less attractive to potential customers. There is the further risk that regulators may become more aggressive in enforcing any perceived violations of their laws and seek to impose monetary fines, criminal penalties, and/or order us to cease our sales in that jurisdiction. There is no assurance that, if a foreign country were to deem our sales of policies in that country to require that we qualify to do business in that country or submit our policies for approval by that country’s regulatory authorities, we would be able to, or would conclude that it is advisable to, comply with those requirements.  Any determination by a foreign country that we or our policy sales are subject to regulation under their laws, or any actions by a foreign country to enforce such laws more aggressively, could therefore have a material adverse effect on our ability to sell policies in that country and, in turn, on our results of operations and financial condition. We are exploring alternatives to our current business model in one or more jurisdictions, including withdrawing from particular markets.

Effective on July 1, 2018, the Company effected a novation of all of the international policies issued by CICA to CICA Life Ltd. The novation may result in adverse consequences that are difficult to anticipate. For example, insurance policies issued or maintained by a Bermuda-domiciled company may be subject to more stringent regulation and scrutiny from foreign regulators compared to insurance policies issued or maintained by a United States-domiciled company. In addition, policies issued or maintained by a Bermuda-domiciled company may be subject to international financial reporting requirements that do not currently apply to United States-domiciled companies, which may render policies issued or maintained by CICA Life Ltd. less attractive. This change in turn could result in reduced sales of new policies, fewer renewals and/or a higher level of surrenders of existing policies which may, in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial performance.

Any disruption to the marketing and sale of our policies to residents of foreign countries, resulting from the actions of foreign regulatory authorities, the withdrawal from Brazil or other markets, the implementation of new Bermuda regulatory obligations or otherwise, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Our operating results and financial condition may be affected if the liabilities actually incurred differ, or if our estimates of those liabilities change, from the amounts we have reserved for in connection with the noncompliance of a portion of our life insurance policies with Section 7702 of the Internal Revenue Code and the failure of certain annuity contracts to qualify under Section 72(s) of the Internal Revenue Code.

We previously announced that we determined that a portion of the life and annuity insurance policies issued by our subsidiary insurance companies failed to qualify for the favorable U.S. federal income tax treatment afforded by Sections 7702 and 72(s) of the Internal Revenue Code ("IRC") of 1986. We may be liable to the IRS for failure to withhold taxes or to tax report on IRS information returns and payee statements. We have undertaken an analysis of our potential liability to the IRS arising from this matter, as well as other expenses we may incur to remediate (i.e., conform to the requirements of the IRS) certain previously issued domestic life insurance and annuity policies and to address any missed reporting and withholding for policies issued to non-U.S. citizens and have established a best estimate liability of $7.1 million as of June 30, 2018 for probable liabilities and expenses. The probability weighted range of financial estimates relative to this issue is $4.5 million to $44.0 million. This estimated range includes projected toll charges and fees payable to the IRS, as well as any other costs attributed to remediation of non-compliant domestic life insurance. The amount of our liabilities and expenses depends on a number of uncertainties, including the number of prior tax years for which we may be liable to the IRS, the number of domestic life and annuity insurance policies we will be required to remediate, the methodology applicable to the calculation of toll charges for non-compliant policies and the amount of time and resources we will require from external advisors who are assisting us with resolving these issues. Given the range of

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potential outcomes and the significant variables assumed in establishing our estimates, actual amounts incurred may exceed our reserve and could exceed the high end of our estimated range of liabilities and expenses. To the extent the amount reserved is insufficient to meet the actual amount of our liabilities and expenses, or if our estimates of those liabilities and expenses change in the future, our financial condition and results of operations may be materially adversely affected.

On May 17, 2017, we submitted an offer to enter into Closing Agreements with the IRS covering the CICA and CNLIC domestic life insurance business. The toll charges calculated and enumerated in the Closing Agreements totaled $124,000 and $4,000 for the CICA and CNLIC domestic life insurance businesses, respectively.

We expect to submit offers to enter into Closing Agreements with the IRS for the SPLIC and MGLIC life insurance business in 2018. We have initiated discussions with the IRS to address potential liabilities regarding the CICA international business and our annuity business.

CICA Life Ltd. is subject to extensive government regulation by the Bermuda Monetary Authority (“BMA”), which is a new regulatory regime for the Company. Regulation by the BMA, is subject to change and may increase our costs of doing business, restrict the conduct of our business and negatively impact our results of operations, liquidity and financial condition.

For over 40 years, the Company’s life insurance subsidiaries have been regulated in the U.S. by the state insurance departments of their states of domicile. CICA Life Ltd. is now subject to extensive regulation and supervision by the BMA in jurisdictions where we do business, including global insurance regulations, tax, financial services, privacy, anti-money laundering, bank secrecy, anti-corruption and foreign asset control laws. Bermuda insurance company regulation is generally designed to protect the interests of policyholders, with substantially lesser protections to shareholders of the regulated insurance companies.   To that end, the BMA has broad powers to regulate business activities of CICA Life Ltd., mandate capital and surplus requirements, regulate trade and claims practices and require strong enterprise risk management and corporate governance activities. The Company has no prior experience operating in a foreign jurisdiction and limited experience with regulation by the BMA. We cannot predict with certainty how the international business model described above will be affected by the novation of our international policies to a foreign sovereign jurisdiction.

We face financial, liquidity and capital market risks in our operations.

As an insurance holding company with significant investment exposure, we face material financial and capital markets risk in our operations.  Due to the low interest rate environment in recent years, we experienced significant call activity on our fixed income portfolio that decreased our investment yields compared to prior years.  We also have recorded other-than-temporary impairments in the past several years due to credit related market declines and equity market volatility.

We face potential liquidity risks if policyholders with mature policies elect to receive lump sum distributions at greater levels than anticipated. Our whole life and endowment products provide the policyholder with alternatives once the policy matures. The policyholder can choose to take a lump sum payout or leave the money on deposit at interest with the Company. As of December 31, 2017, the Company has a significant amount of endowment products representing approximately 45.9% of total inforce with older contracts sold historically that will begin reaching their maturities over the next several years and policyholder election behavior is not known. If policyholders elect lump sum distributions, the Company could be exposed to liquidity risk in years of high maturities. Meeting these distributions could require the Company to sell securities at inopportune times to pay policyholder withdrawals. Alternatively, if the policyholder were to leave the money on deposit with the Company at interest, our profitability could be negatively impacted if the product guaranteed rate is higher than the current market rate we can earn on our investments.

A large portion of our debt security investment portfolio will mature in the next seven years and could be called sooner as we were subject to significant call activity beginning in 2009 due to the declining interest rate environment and we reinvested into shorter durations that are now approaching maturity. We will need to reinvest these maturing funds in the current interest rate environment. Our profitability could be negatively impacted depending on the market rates at the time of reinvestment. This could result in a decrease in our spread between our policy liability crediting rates and our investment earned rates. This could also negatively impact our liquidity.

Changes in market interest rates may significantly affect our profitability.

Some of our products, principally traditional whole life insurance with annuity riders, expose us to the risk that changes in interest rates will reduce our "spread," or the difference between the amounts we are required to pay under our contracts to policyholders

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and the rate of return we are able to earn on our investments intended to support obligations under the contracts.  Our spread is an integral component of our net income.

If interest rates decrease or remain at low levels, we may be forced to reinvest proceeds from investments that have matured, prepaid, been sold, or called at lower yields, reducing our investment margin.  Our fixed income bond portfolio is exposed to interest rate risk as approximately 55% of the portfolio is callable as of December 31, 2017.  Lowering our interest crediting rates can help offset decreases in investment margins on some of our products.  However, our ability to lower these rates could be limited by competition or contractually guaranteed minimum rates, and may not match the timing or magnitude of changes in asset yields.

An increase in interest rates will decrease the net unrealized gain position of our investment portfolio and may subject us to disintermediation risk. Disintermediation risk is the risk that in a change from a low interest rate period to a significantly higher and increasing interest rate period, policyholders may surrender their policies or make early withdrawals to increase their returns, requiring us to liquidate investments in an unrealized loss position (i.e. the market value less the carrying value of the investments). This risk is discussed further in the two risk factors below.

Our investment portfolio is subject to various risks that may result in realized investment losses. In particular, decreases in the fair value of fixed maturities may significantly reduce the value of our investments, and as a result, our financial condition may suffer.

We are subject to credit risk in our investment portfolio. Defaults by third parties in the payment or performance of their obligations under these securities could reduce our investment income and realized investment gains or result in the recognition of investment losses. The value of our investments may be materially adversely affected by increases in interest rates, downgrades in the bonds included in our portfolio and by other factors that may result in the recognition of other-than-temporary impairments. Each of these events may cause us to reduce the carrying value of our investment portfolio.

In particular, at June 30, 2018, fixed maturities represented $1.2 billion or 92.2% of our total investments of $1.3 billion. The fair value of fixed maturities and the related investment income fluctuates depending on general economic and market conditions. The fair value of these investments generally increases or decreases in an inverse relationship with fluctuations in interest rates, while net investment income realized by us will generally increase or decrease in line with changes in market interest rates. In addition, actual net investment income and/or cash flows from investments that carry prepayment risk, such as mortgage-backed and other asset-backed securities, may differ from those anticipated at the time of investment as a result of interest rate fluctuations. An investment has prepayment risk when there is a risk that the timing of cash flows resulting from the repayment of principal might occur earlier than anticipated because of declining interest rates or later than anticipated because of rising interest rates. The impact of value fluctuations affects our consolidated financial statements, as a large portion of our fixed maturities are classified as available-for- sale, with changes in fair value reflected in our stockholders' equity (accumulated other comprehensive income or loss). No similar adjustment is made for liabilities to reflect a change in interest rates. Therefore, interest rate fluctuations and economic conditions could adversely affect our stockholders' equity, total comprehensive income and/or cash flows. Although at June 30, 2018, approximately 97.2% of our fixed maturities were investment grade with 73.1% rated A or above, all of our fixed maturities are subject to credit risk. If any of the issuers of our fixed maturities suffer financial setbacks, the ratings on the fixed maturities could be downgraded (with a concurrent decrease in fair value) and, in a worst-case scenario, the issuer could default on its financial obligations. If the issuer defaults, we could have realized losses associated with the impairment of the securities.

Valuation of our investments and the determination of whether a decline in the fair value of our invested assets is other-than-temporary are based on estimates that may prove to be incorrect.

U.S. GAAP requires that when the fair value of any of our invested assets declines and the decline is deemed to be other-than-temporary, we recognize a loss in either other comprehensive income or in our statement of income based on certain criteria in the period for which the determination is made. The determination of the fair value of certain invested assets, particularly those that do not trade on a regular basis, requires an assessment of available data and the use of assumptions and estimates. Once it is determined that the fair value of an asset is below its carrying value, we must determine whether the decline in fair value is other-than-temporary, which is based on subjective factors and involves a variety of assumptions and estimates.

There are risks and uncertainties associated with determining whether declines in market value are other-than-temporary. These include significant changes in general economic conditions and business markets, trends in certain industry segments, interest rate fluctuations, rating agency actions, changes in significant accounting estimates and assumptions and legislative actions. In the case of mortgage- and asset-backed securities, there is added uncertainty as to the performance of the underlying collateral assets.

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To the extent that we are incorrect in our determination of the fair value of our investment securities or our determination that a decline in their value is other-than-temporary, we may realize losses that never actually materialize or may fail to recognize losses within the appropriate reporting period.

Gross unrealized losses on fixed maturity and equity securities may be realized or result in future impairments, resulting in a reduction in our net income.

Fixed maturity and equity securities classified as available-for-sale are reported at fair value.  Unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities are recognized as a component of other comprehensive income (loss) and are, therefore, excluded from our net income.  Our total gross unrealized losses on our available-for-sale securities portfolio at June 30, 2018 were $15.2 million.  The accumulated change in estimated fair value of these securities is recognized in net income when the gain or loss is realized upon sale of the security or in the event that the decline in estimated fair value is determined to be other-than-temporary and an impairment charge to earnings is taken.  Realized losses or impairments may have a material adverse effect on our net income in a particular quarterly or annual period.

Our actual claims losses may exceed our reserves for claims, and we may be required to establish additional reserves, which in turn may adversely impact our results of operations and financial condition.

We maintain reserves to cover our estimated exposure for claims relating to our issued insurance policies.  Reserves, whether calculated under U.S. GAAP or statutory accounting practices prescribed by various state insurance regulators, do not represent an exact calculation of exposure, but instead represent our best estimates, generally involving actuarial projections, of what we expect claims will be based on mortality assumptions that are determined by various regulatory authorities.  Many reserve assumptions are not directly quantifiable, particularly on a prospective basis.  In addition, when we acquire other domestic life insurance companies, our assessment of the adequacy of acquired policy liabilities is subject to our estimates and assumptions.  Reserve estimates are refined as experience develops, and adjustments to reserves are reflected in our statements of operations for the period in which such estimates are updated.  Because establishing reserves is an inherently uncertain process involving estimates of future losses, future developments may require us to increase policy benefit reserves, which may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition in the periods in which such increases occur.

Unanticipated increases in early policyholder withdrawals or surrenders could negatively impact liquidity.

A primary liquidity concern is the risk of unanticipated or extraordinary early policyholder withdrawals or surrenders. Our insurance policies include provisions, such as surrender charges, that help limit and discourage early withdrawals, and we track and manage liabilities and attempt to align our investment portfolio to maintain sufficient liquidity to support anticipated withdrawal demands. However, early withdrawal and surrender levels may differ from anticipated levels for a variety of reasons, including changes in economic conditions, changes in policyholder behavior or financial needs, changes in relationships with our independent consultants, changes in our claims-paying ability, or increases in surrenders among policies that have been inforce for more than fifteen years and are no longer subject to surrender charges. Any of these occurrences could adversely affect our liquidity, profitability and financial condition.

While we own a significant amount of liquid assets, a certain portion of investment assets are relatively illiquid. If we experience unanticipated early withdrawal or surrender activity, we could exhaust all other sources of liquidity and be forced to obtain additional financing or liquidate assets, perhaps on unfavorable terms. The availability of additional financing will depend on a variety of factors, such as market conditions, the availability of credit in general or more specifically in the insurance industry, the strength or weakness of the capital markets, the volume of trading activities, our credit capacity, and the perception of our long- or short-term financial prospects if we incur large realized or unrealized investment losses or if the level of business activity declines due to a market downturn. If we are forced to dispose of assets on unfavorable terms, it could have an adverse effect on our liquidity, results of operations and financial condition.

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Catastrophes may adversely impact liabilities for policyholder claims and reinsurance availability.

Our insurance operations are exposed to the risk of catastrophic events. The extent of losses from a catastrophe is a function of both the total amount of insured exposure in the area affected by the event and the severity of the event. Most catastrophes are restricted to small geographic areas; however, hurricanes, earthquakes, tsunamis and man-made catastrophes may produce significant damage or loss of life in larger areas, especially those that are heavily populated. Claims resulting from catastrophic events could cause substantial volatility in our financial results for any fiscal quarter or year and could materially reduce our profitability or harm our financial condition. In addition, catastrophic events could harm the financial condition of issuers of obligations we hold in our investment portfolio, resulting in impairments to these obligations, and the financial condition of our reinsurers, thereby increasing the probability of default on reinsurance recoveries. Large-scale catastrophes may also reduce the overall level of economic activity in affected countries, which could hurt our business and the value of our investments or our ability to sell new policies.

Our life insurance operations are exposed to the risk of catastrophic mortality, such as a pandemic or other event that causes a large number of deaths, especially if concentrated in our top foreign markets. A significant pandemic could have a major impact on the global economy or the economies of particular countries or regions, including travel, trade, tourism, the health system, food supply, consumption, overall economic output and, eventually, on the financial markets. In addition, a pandemic that affected our employees, our policyholders, our independent consultants or other companies with which we do business could disrupt our business operations. The effectiveness of external parties, including governmental and non-governmental organizations, in combating the spread and severity of such a pandemic could have a material impact on the losses experienced by us. These events could cause a material adverse effect on our results of operations in any period and, depending on their severity, could also materially and adversely affect our financial condition.

We may be required to accelerate the amortization of deferred acquisition costs and the costs of customer relationships acquired, which would increase our expenses and adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

At June 30, 2018, we had $164.1 million of deferred policy acquisition costs, or DAC.  DAC represents costs that vary with and are directly related to the successful sale and issuance of our insurance policies and are deferred and amortized over the estimated life of the related insurance policies.  These costs include commissions in excess of ultimate renewal commissions, solicitation and printing costs, sales material costs and some support costs, such as underwriting and contract and policy issuance expenses.  Under U.S. GAAP for our type of insurance products, DAC is amortized over the premium-paying period of the policies.

In addition, when we acquire a block of insurance policies, we assign a portion of the purchase price to the right to receive future net cash flows from existing insurance and investment contracts and policies.  This intangible asset, called the cost of customer relationships acquired, or CCRA, represents the actuarially estimated present value of future cash flows from the acquired policies.  At June 30, 2018, we had $16.5 million of CCRA.  We amortize the value of this intangible asset in a manner similar to the amortization of DAC.

The amortization of DAC and CCRA is subject to acceleration and generally depends upon anticipated profits from investments, surrender and other policy charges, mortality, morbidity, persistency and maintenance expense margins.  For example, if our insurance policy lapse and surrender rates were to exceed the assumptions upon which we priced our insurance policies, or if actual persistency proves to be less than our persistency assumptions, especially in the early years of a policy, we might be required to accelerate the amortization of expenses we deferred in connection with the acquisition of the policy.  We regularly review the quality of our DAC and CCRA to determine if they are recoverable from future income.  If these costs are not recoverable, the amount that is not recoverable is charged to expenses in the financial period in which we make this determination.

Unfavorable experience with regard to expected expenses, investment returns, surrender and other policy charges, mortality, morbidity, lapses or persistency may cause us to increase the amortization of DAC or CCRA, or both, or to record a current period expense to increase benefit reserves, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

We may be required to recognize an impairment on the value of our goodwill, which would increase our expenses and materially adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

Goodwill represents the excess of the amount paid by us to acquire various life insurance companies over the fair value of their net assets at the date of the acquisition.  Under U.S. GAAP, we test the carrying value of goodwill for impairment at least annually

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at the "reporting unit" level, which is either an operating segment or a business that is one level below the operating segment.  Goodwill is impaired if its carrying value exceeds its implied fair value.  This may occur for various reasons, including changes in actual or expected earnings or cash flows of a reporting unit, generation of earnings by a reporting unit at a lower rate than similar businesses or declines in market prices for publicly traded businesses similar to our reporting units.  If any portion of our goodwill becomes impaired, we would be required to recognize the amount of the impairment as a current-period expense, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.  In 2017, we recognized a goodwill impairment of $4.6 million on our Home Service Segment. Goodwill in our consolidated financial statements related to our Life segment was $12.6 million as of June 30, 2018.

Management’s determination of the fair value of each reporting unit incorporates multiple inputs including discounted cash flow calculations based on assumptions that market participants would make in valuing the reporting unit. Other assumptions can include levels of economic capital, future business growth, and earnings projections.

Our conversion to a new actuarial valuation system is not yet complete and contains known uncertainties that could result in identification of additional errors in our financial reporting.

The Company is in the process of converting its actuarial valuation from a third-party service provider to an actuarial valuation modeling software system purchased from a vendor. In connection with our ongoing actuarial valuation conversion, certain legacy system immaterial errors were discovered in both 2017 and 2016. As we complete this validation and conversion, we could identify additional differences that will be evaluated for financial reporting purposes. The conversion to the new system is expected to be completed in 2018.

We are a defendant in lawsuits, which may adversely affect our financial condition and detract from the time our management is able to devote to our business, and we are subject to risks related to litigation and regulatory matters.

From time to time we are, and have been, subject to a variety of legal and regulatory actions and investigations relating to our business operations, including, but not limited to:

• disputes over insurance coverage or claims adjudication;

• regulatory compliance with state laws, including insurance and securities regulations;

• regulatory compliance with U.S. federal securities laws, tax, anti-money laundering, bank secrecy, anti-bribery, anti-corruption and foreign asset control laws, among others;

• disputes with our independent marketing firms, independent consultants and employee-agents over compensation, termination of contracts, noncompliance with applicable laws and regulations and related claims;

• disputes regarding our tax liabilities;

• disputes relating to reinsurance and coinsurance agreements; and

• disputes relating to businesses acquired and operated by us.

In the absence of countervailing considerations, we would expect to defend any such claims vigorously.  However, in doing so, we could incur significant defense costs, including attorneys' fees, other direct litigation costs and the expenditure of substantial amounts of management time that otherwise would be devoted to our business.  Further, if we suffer an adverse judgment as a result of any claim, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

As noted above, and as disclosed in prior periods, the legal and regulatory actions facing the Company include those relating to compliance with U.S. federal securities laws. Specifically, the Company has been the subject of an investigation by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), which appears to be focused on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures in light of the Company’s determination in 2015 that a portion of the life insurance and annuity policies issued by its subsidiary insurance companies failed to qualify for the favorable U.S. federal income tax treatment afforded by Sections 7702 and 72(s) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. There have been no allegations of fraud presented by the SEC. We have cooperated fully with the investigation and expect that the matter will be resolved soon, although we cannot predict the timing of a resolution or the ultimate outcome of the investigation.

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Reinsurers with which we do business could increase their premium rates and may not honor their obligations, leaving us liable for the reinsured coverage.

We reinsure certain risks underwritten by our various insurance subsidiaries.  Market conditions beyond our control determine the availability and cost of the reinsurance protection we purchase.  The high cost of reinsurance or lack of affordable coverage could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

Our reinsurance facilities are generally subject to annual renewal.  We may not be able to maintain our current reinsurance facilities and, even if highly desirable or necessary, we may not be able to obtain replacement reinsurance facilities in adequate amounts or at rates economic to us.  If we are unable to renew our expiring facilities or to obtain new reinsurance facilities, either our net exposures would increase or, if we are unwilling or unable to bear an increase in net exposures, we may have to reduce the level of our underwriting commitments.  In addition, our reinsurance facilities may be canceled for new business, pursuant to their terms, upon the occurrence of certain specified events, including a change of control of our Company (generally defined as the acquisition of 10% or more of our voting equity securities) or the failure of our insurance company subsidiaries to maintain the minimum required levels of statutory surplus.  Any of these potential developments could materially adversely affect our revenues, results of operations and financial condition.

In 2017, we reinsured $503.7 million of the face amount of our life insurance policies.  Amounts reinsured in 2017 represented 10.1% of the face amount of direct life insurance inforce in that year.  Although the cost of reinsurance is, in some cases, reflected in premium rates, under certain reinsurance agreements, the reinsurer may increase the rate it charges us for reinsurance.  If our cost of reinsurance were to increase, we might not be able to recover these increased costs, and our results of operations and financial condition could be materially adversely affected. 

Our international markets face significant competition. If we are unable to compete effectively in our markets, our business, results of operations and profitability may be adversely affected.

Our international marketing plan focuses on making available U.S. dollar-denominated life insurance products to individuals residing in foreign countries.  New competition could increase the supply of available insurance, which could adversely affect our ability to price our products at attractive profitable rates and thereby adversely affect our revenues, results of operations and financial condition.  Existing barriers to entry in the foreign markets we serve may not be sufficient to impede potential competitors from entering such markets.  In connection with our business with foreign nationals, we experience competition primarily from the following sources, many of which have substantially greater financial, marketing and other resources than we have:

• Foreign operated companies with U.S. dollar-denominated policies.  We face direct competition from companies that operate in the same manner as we operate in our international markets.

• Another group of our competitors in the international marketplace consists of foreign operated companies that have locally operated subsidiaries that offer both local jurisdiction regulated products in local currency and off-shore U.S. dollar-denominated policies.  This arrangement creates competition in that the U.S. dollar-denominated policies are offered in conjunction with high-need local insurance policies such as health insurance.

• Local currency policies provide the benefit of assets located in the country of foreign residents, but entail risks of uncertainty due to local currency fluctuations, as well as the perceived instability and weakness of local currencies.

• Locally operated companies with local currency policies.  We compete with companies formed and operated in the country in which our foreign insureds reside.  Generally, these companies are subject to risks of currency fluctuations, and they primarily use mortality tables based on experience of the local population as a whole.  These mortality tables are typically based on significantly shorter life spans than those we use.  As a result, the cost of insurance from these companies tends to be higher than ours. Although these companies typically market their policies to a broader section of the population than do our independent marketing firms and independent consultants, there can be no assurance that these companies will not endeavor to place a greater emphasis on our target market and compete more directly with us.

In addition, from time to time, companies enter and exit the markets in which we operate, thereby increasing competition at times when there are new entrants.  We may lose business to competitors offering competitive products at lower prices, or for other reasons.

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There can be no assurance that we will be able to compete effectively in any of our markets.  If we do not, our business, results of operations and financial condition will be materially adversely affected.

Sales of our insurance products could decline if we are unable to (i) establish and maintain commercial relationships with independent marketing firms and independent consultants, (ii) attract and retain employee agents or (iii) develop and maintain our distribution sources.

We distribute our insurance products through several distribution channels, including independent marketing firms, independent consultants and our employee agents.  These relationships are significant for both our revenues and our profits.  In our life insurance segment, we depend almost exclusively on the services of independent marketing firms and independent consultants.  In our home service insurance segment, we depend on employee agents whose role in our distribution process is integral to developing and maintaining relationships with policyholders.  Significant competition exists among insurers in attracting and maintaining marketers of demonstrated ability.  Some of our competitors may offer better compensation packages for marketing firms, independent consultants and agents and broader arrays of products and have a greater diversity of distribution resources, better brand recognition, more competitive pricing, lower cost structures and greater financial strength or claims paying ratings than we do.  We compete with other insurers for marketing firms, independent consultants and employee agents primarily on the basis of our compensation and support services.  Any reduction in our ability to attract and retain effective sales representatives could materially adversely affect our revenues, results of operations and financial condition. Modifications in our international business model including, without limitation, our novation to a Bermuda-based entity and our withdrawal from certain markets may have an adverse impact on our ability to attract and retain effective sales representatives.

There may be adverse tax, legal or financial consequences if our sales representatives are determined not to be independent contractors.

Our international sales representatives are independent contractors who operate their own businesses. Although we believe that we have properly classified our representatives as independent contractors, there is nevertheless a risk that the IRS, a foreign agency, a court or other authority will take the different view that our sales representatives should be treated like employees. Furthermore, the tests governing the determination of whether an individual is considered to be an independent contractor or an employee are typically fact-sensitive and vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. Laws and regulations that govern the status and misclassification of independent sales representatives are subject to change or interpretation.

If there is a change in the manner in which our independent contractors are classified or  an adverse determination with respect to some or all of our independent contractors by a court or governmental agency, we could incur significant costs in complying with such laws and regulations, including in respect of tax withholding, social security payments, government and private pension plan contributions and recordkeeping, or we may be required to modify our business model, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, there is the risk that we may be subject to significant monetary liabilities arising from fines or judgments as a result of any such actual or alleged non-compliance with applicable federal, state, local or foreign laws.

We are subject to extensive governmental regulation in the United States, which is subject to change and may increase our costs of doing business, restrict the conduct of our business and negatively impact our results of operations, liquidity and financial condition.

We are subject to extensive regulation and supervision in U.S. jurisdictions where we do business, including state insurance regulations and U.S. federal securities, tax, financial services, privacy, anti-money laundering, bank secrecy, anti-corruption and foreign asset control laws.  Insurance company regulation is generally designed to protect the interests of policyholders, with substantially lesser protections to shareholders of the regulated insurance companies.  To that end, all the states in which we do business have insurance regulatory agencies with broad legal powers with respect to licensing companies to transact business; mandating capital and surplus requirements; regulating trade and claims practices; approving policy forms; and restricting companies' ability to enter and exit markets.

The capacity for an insurance company's growth in premiums is partially a function of its required statutory surplus.  Maintaining appropriate levels of statutory surplus, as measured by statutory accounting practices prescribed or permitted by a company's state of domicile, is considered important by all state insurance regulatory authorities.  Failure to maintain required levels of statutory surplus could result in increased regulatory scrutiny and enforcement action by regulatory authorities.

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Most insurance regulatory authorities have broad discretion to grant, renew, suspend and revoke licenses and approvals, and could preclude or temporarily suspend us from carrying on some or all of our activities, including acquisitions of other insurance companies, require us to add capital to our insurance company subsidiaries, or fine us.  If we are unable to maintain all required licenses and approvals, or if our insurance business is determined not to comply fully with the wide variety of applicable laws and regulations and their interpretations, including the USA Patriot Act, our revenues, results of operations and financial condition could be materially adversely affected.

Our failure to maintain effective information systems could adversely affect our business.

We must maintain and enhance our existing information systems and develop new information systems to keep pace with continuing changes in information processing technology, evolving industry and regulatory standards and changing customer preferences.  If we do not maintain adequate systems, we could experience adverse consequences, including products acquired through acquisition, inadequate information on which to base pricing, underwriting and reserve decisions, regulatory problems, failure to meet prompt payment obligations, increases in administrative expenses and loss of customers.

Some of our information technology systems and software are mainframe-based, legacy-type systems that require an ongoing commitment of resources to maintain current standards.  Our systems utilize proprietary code requiring highly skilled personnel.  Due to the unique nature of our proprietary operating environment, we could have difficulty finding personnel with the skills required to provide ongoing system maintenance and development as we seek to keep pace with changes in our products and business models, information processing technology, evolving industry and regulatory standards and policyholder needs.  Our success is dependent upon, among other things, maintaining and enhancing the effectiveness of existing systems, as well as continuing to integrate, develop and enhance our information systems to support business processes in a cost-effective manner.

Our failure to maintain effective and efficient information systems, or our failure to efficiently and effectively consolidate our information systems to eliminate redundant or obsolete applications, could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

Failures of disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations, impair our ability to timely file reports with the SEC and subject us to litigation and/or regulatory scrutiny and penalties. 

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures designed to ensure that we timely report information as specified in SEC rules and regulations. We also maintain a system of internal control over financial reporting. However, these controls may not achieve, and in some cases have not achieved, their intended objectives. Control processes that involve human diligence and oversight, such as our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting, are subject to human error. Controls that rely on models may be subject to inadequate design or inaccurate assumptions or estimates.  Controls also can be circumvented by improper management override of such controls. Because of such limitations, there are risks that material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected, and that information may not be reported on a timely basis. The failure of our controls to be effective could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and the market for our common stock, and could subject us to litigation, regulatory scrutiny and/or penalties.

As disclosed in Part II, Item 9A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K as of December 31, 2017, we have identified control deficiencies in our disclosure controls and financial reporting process that constitute material weaknesses and for which remediation is still in process as of June 30, 2018. If we fail to design effective controls, fail to remediate control deficiencies or fail to otherwise maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting in the future, such failures could result in a material misstatement of our annual or quarterly financial statements that would not be prevented or detected on a timely basis and which could cause investors to lose confidence in our financial statements, have a negative effect on the trading price of our common stock, limit our ability to obtain financing if needed or increase the cost of any financing we may obtain.  In addition, these failures may negatively impact our business, financial condition and results of operations, impair our ability to timely file our periodic reports with the SEC, subject us to litigation and regulatory scrutiny and cause us to incur substantial additional costs in future periods relating to the implementation of remedial measures.

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Our failure to protect confidential information and privacy could result in the unauthorized disclosure of sensitive or confidential corporate or customer information, damage to our reputation, loss of customers, fines, penalties and adverse effects on our results of operations and financial condition.

Our insurance subsidiaries are subject to privacy regulations.  The actions we take to protect confidential information include among other things: monitoring our record retention plans and policies and any changes in state or federal privacy and compliance requirements; maintaining secure storage facilities for tangible records; and limiting access to electronic information in order to safeguard certain information.

We have a written information security program with appropriate administrative, technical and physical safeguards to protect such confidential information.  Cyber security attacks are on the rise throughout the world and while we believe we have taken reasonable steps to secure our customer information we could experience a breach of data. We closely monitor cyber attack attempts on our system, and we are not aware of any material breach of our cyber security, administrative, technical and physical safeguards or client data. Nevertheless, it is possible a cyber attack could go undetected and that preventative actions we take to reduce this risk of cyber incidents and protect our information may be insufficient to prevent cyber attacks or other security breaches.

If we do not comply with privacy regulations and protect confidential information, we could experience adverse consequences, including regulatory sanctions, loss of reputation, litigation exposure, disruptions to our operations or significant technical, legal and operating expenses, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Our insurance subsidiaries are restricted by applicable laws and regulations in the amounts of fees, dividends and other distributions they may make to us.  The inability of our subsidiaries to make payments to us in sufficient amounts for us to conduct our operations could adversely affect our ability to meet our obligations or expand our business.

As a holding company, our principal asset is the stock of our subsidiaries.  We rely primarily on statutorily permissible payments from our insurance company subsidiaries, principally through service agreements we have with our subsidiaries, to meet our working capital and other corporate expenses.  The ability of our insurance company subsidiaries to make payments to us is subject to regulation by the states in which they are domiciled, and these payments depend primarily on approved service agreements between us and these subsidiaries and, to a lesser extent, the statutory surplus (which is the excess of assets over liabilities as determined under statutory accounting practices prescribed by an insurance company's state of domicile), future statutory earnings (which are earnings as determined in accordance with statutory accounting practices) and regulatory restrictions.

Generally, the net assets of our insurance company subsidiaries available for dividends are limited to either the lesser or greater (depending on the state of domicile) of the subsidiary's net gain from operations during the preceding year or 10% of the subsidiary's net statutory surplus as of the end of the preceding year as determined in accordance with accounting practices prescribed by insurance regulatory authorities.

Except to the extent that we are a creditor with recognized claims against our subsidiaries, claims of our subsidiaries' creditors, including policyholders, have priority with respect to the assets and earnings of the subsidiaries over the claims of our creditors and shareholders.  If any of our subsidiaries becomes insolvent, liquidates or otherwise reorganizes, our creditors and shareholders will have no right to proceed in their own right against the assets of that subsidiary or to cause the liquidation, bankruptcy or winding-up of the subsidiary under applicable liquidation, bankruptcy or winding-up laws.

Unexpected losses in future reporting periods may require us to adjust the valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets.

We evaluate our deferred tax asset (“DTA”) quarterly for recoverability based on available evidence.  This process involves management's judgment about assumptions, which are subject to change from period to period due to tax rate changes or variances between our projected operating performance and our actual results.  Ultimately, future adjustments to the DTA valuation allowance, if any, will be determined based upon changes in the expected realization of the net deferred tax assets.  The realization of the deferred tax assets depends on the existence of sufficient taxable income in either the carry back or carry forward periods under applicable tax law.  Due to significant estimates utilized in establishing the valuation allowance and the potential for changes in facts and circumstances, it is reasonably possible that we may be required to record a valuation allowance in future reporting periods.  Such an adjustment could have a material adverse effect on our results of operation, financial condition and capital position.

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We face a greater risk of money laundering activity associated with sales derived from residents of certain foreign countries.

Some of our top international markets are in countries identified by the U.S. Department of State as jurisdictions of high risk for money laundering. As required by Bank Secrecy Act ("BSA”) regulations applicable to insurance companies, we have developed and implemented an anti-money laundering program that includes policies and procedures for complying with our applicable BSA program, auditing, reporting and recordkeeping requirements and for deterring, preventing and detecting potential money laundering, fraud and other criminal activity (“BSA Program”). We have an enhanced BSA Program with additional controls, such as list screening software beyond sanctions screening required by the Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”), enhanced payment due diligence and transaction controls. However, there can be no assurance that these enhanced controls will entirely mitigate money laundering risk associated with these jurisdictions.

Risks Relating to Our Capital Stock

If our foreign policyholders reduced or ceased participation in our Stock Investment Plan (the “Plan”) or if a securities regulatory authority were to deem the CISIP's operation contrary to securities laws, the volume of Class A common stock purchased on the open market through the CISIP, and the price of our Class A common stock, could fall.

More than 96% of the shares of Class A common stock purchased under the CISIP in 2017 were purchased by foreign holders of life insurance policies (or related brokers); the remaining 4% of the shares of Class A common stock purchased under the CISIP in 2017 were purchased by approximately 1,864 participants resident in the United States. The CISIP is registered with the SEC pursuant to a registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, but is not registered under the laws of any foreign jurisdiction.  If a foreign securities regulatory authority were to determine the offer and sale of our Class A common stock under the CISIP were contrary to applicable laws and regulations of its jurisdiction, such authority may issue or assert a fine, penalty or cease and desist order against us in that foreign jurisdiction. There is a risk our Class A common stock price could be negatively impacted by a decrease in participation in the CISIP.  If fewer policyholders elect to participate in the Plan, or our international premium collections were to decrease as a result of regulatory, economic, or marketing impediments, the trading volume of our Class A common stock may decline from its present levels, the demand for our Class A common stock could be negatively impacted and the price of our Class A common stock could fall.

Due to required regulatory approval for acquisition of control of a regulated U.S. domestic insurance company, control of our Company, through the ownership of our Class B common stock, has not yet transferred from our founder's trust to a 501(c)(3) charitable foundation established by our founder, and we cannot determine whether or when any change in our management, operations, or operating strategies will occur.

Harold E. Riley, our founder, was the beneficial owner of 100% of our Class B common stock, which was held in the name of the Harold E. Riley Trust ("Trust"), of which he had served as Trustee until his death in September 2017.  Our Class A and Class B common stock are identical in all respects, except the Class B common stock elects a simple majority of the Board and receives one-half of any cash dividends paid, on a per share basis, to the Class A common stock.  The Class A common stock elects the remainder of the Board.  The Trust documents provided that upon Mr. Riley's death, the Class B common stock will transfer from the Trust to the Harold E. Riley Foundation, a charitable organization established under 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code (the "Foundation"). 

To date, the estate process related to the Class B common stock is not complete and the required state insurance regulatory approvals for change of control to occur have not been received. The Foundation has not sought to acquire record ownership of the Class B common stock, exercise voting power with respect to such shares or otherwise seek to exercise control over the Company's management or operations, and the Trust currently remains the holder of record of the Class B common stock. The Foundation and the Estate of Harold E. Riley are proceeding independent of the Company to obtain regulatory approval from the Colorado Division of Insurance, the Texas Department of Insurance, the Louisiana Department of Insurance and the Mississippi Department of Insurance through the requisite Form A approval process. The Company does not know if or when regulatory approvals of the transfer ultimately will be granted. If such approvals are obtained from the states' department of insurances listed above, the Company will record the transfer of the controlling Class B common stock from the Trust to the Foundation in the Company's shareholder records.

The Foundation is organized as a public support charity for the benefit of its charitable beneficiaries, Baylor University and Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary. The Foundation is governed by eleven trustees, five of which were appointed by

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Harold Riley prior to his death, three of which were appointed by Baylor University and three of which were appointed by Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary. It is unclear what, if any, change may occur to our board, management, or corporate operating strategies as a result of different ownership of our Class B common stock.

If and when the Foundation becomes the record holder of the Class B common stock, the first of two prongs of certain “change in control” provisions in the employment agreements of our top two executives, Chief Executive Officer Geoff Kolander and Chief Financial Officer Kay Osbourn, will be triggered. Under each employment agreement, a "change in control" includes, among other things (1) the transfer of a majority of the Company's Class B common stock from the Trust to an individual other than Harold E. Riley, an entity not beneficially owned by Harold E. Riley, or a trust not controlled by Harold E. Riley and (2) the exercise of a power of attorney granted by Harold E. Riley over the Company's Class B common stock. Upon a termination of the executive by Citizens without cause or the executive’s voluntary termination with Good Reason, in each case other than within the ninety (90) day period prior to the consummation of a change in control or within one (1) year following a change in control, the executive would be entitled to certain cash payments and benefits.

There are a substantial number of our shares of Class A common stock issued to our executive officers and directors which are eligible for future sale in the public market.  The sale of these shares could cause the market price of our Class A common stock to fall.

There were 49,080,114 shares of our Class A common stock issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2017.  Our executive officers and directors owned approximately 54,436 shares of our Class A common stock as of December 31, 2017, representing approximately 0.1% of our then outstanding Class A common stock.  Almost all of these shares have been registered for public resale and generally may be sold freely.  In the event of a sale of some or all of these shares or the perceived sale of these shares, the market price of our Class A common stock could fall substantially.

The price of our Class A common stock may be volatile and may be affected by market conditions beyond our control.

Our Class A common stock price has historically fluctuated and is likely to fluctuate in the future and could decline materially because of the volatility of the stock market in general, decreased participation in the CISIP referred to above or a variety of other factors, many of which are beyond our control, including: quarterly or annual variations in actual or anticipated results of our operations; interest rate fluctuations; changes in financial estimates by securities analysts; competition and other factors affecting the life insurance business generally; and conditions in the U.S. and world economies.

Our international markets, and the specific manner in which we conduct our business in those jurisdictions, may be subject to negative publicity in social media or other channels, which may negatively impact the market price of our Class A common stock.

We interface with and distribute our products to residents of foreign countries that may be subject to the risks disclosed in our Item 1A. Risk Factor under the heading, “The majority of our sales derives from residents of foreign countries and is subject to risks associated with widespread political instability, currency control laws and foreign insurance laws. A significant loss of sales in these foreign markets could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition". Venezuela is one such example. Accordingly, from time to time, bloggers or other social media outlets relevant to investors may focus attention on our exposure to these countries and the negative circumstances surrounding their governments, thereby subjecting us to periodic negative publicity.  Negative publicity on investor blogs or through other media channels could impact trading in our stock especially due to aggressive and coordinated efforts between anonymous bloggers and short sellers which ultimately cause the market price of our Class A common stock to fall.

Our articles of incorporation and bylaws, as well as applicable state insurance laws, may discourage takeovers and business combinations that our shareholders might consider to be in their best interests.

Our articles of incorporation and bylaws, as well as various state insurance laws, may delay, deter, render more difficult or prevent a takeover attempt our shareholders might consider in their best interests.  As a result, our shareholders will be prevented from receiving the benefit from any premium to the market price of our Class A common stock that may be offered by a bidder in a takeover context.  Even in the absence of a takeover attempt, the existence of these provisions may adversely affect the prevailing market price of our Class A common stock if they are viewed as discouraging takeover attempts in the future.

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June 30, 2018

The following provisions in our articles of incorporation and bylaws make it difficult for our Class A shareholders to replace or remove our directors and have other anti-takeover effects that may delay, deter or prevent a takeover attempt:

• holders of shares of our Class B common stock elect a simple majority of our board of directors, and all of these shares are held by the Harold E. Riley Trust until such time that the Harold E. Riley Foundation receives regulatory approval for acquisition of the Class B common stock and becomes holder of record; and

• our board of directors may issue one or more series of preferred stock without the approval of our shareholders.

State insurance laws generally require prior approval of a change in control of an insurance company.  Generally, such laws provide that control over an insurer is presumed to exist if any person, directly or indirectly, owns, controls, holds with the power to vote, or holds proxies representing 10% or more of the voting securities of the insurer.  In considering an application to acquire control of an insurer, an insurance commissioner generally will consider such factors as the experience, competence and financial strength of the proposed acquirer, the integrity of the proposed acquirer's board of directors and executive officers, the proposed acquirer's plans for the management and operation of the insurer, and any anti-competitive results that may arise from the acquisition.  In addition, a person seeking to acquire control of an insurance company is required in some states to make filings prior to completing an acquisition if the acquirer and the target insurance company and their affiliates have sufficiently large market shares in particular lines of insurance in those states.  These state insurance requirements may delay, deter or prevent our ability to complete an acquisition.

We have never paid any cash dividends on our Class A common stock and do not anticipate doing so in the foreseeable future.

We have never paid cash dividends on our Class A common stock, as it is our policy to retain earnings for use in the operation and expansion of our business.  We do not expect to pay cash dividends on our Class A common stock for the foreseeable future.

Item 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

None.

Item 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

Item 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

Item 5. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

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June 30, 2018

Item 6. EXHIBITS

Exhibit Number	The following exhibits are filed herewith:
3.1	Restated and Amended Articles of Incorporation dated March 4, 2004 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the Year Ended December 31, 2003, filed on March 15, 2004)
3.2	Third Amended and Restated Bylaws dated November 2, 2017 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on November 8, 2017)
11	Statement re:  Computation of per share earnings (see financial statements)
31.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act*
31.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act*
32.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act*
32.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act*
101.INS	XBRL Instance Document*
101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema*
101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase*
101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase*
101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase*
101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase*
	__________________

* Filed herewith.

69

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

		CITIZENS, INC.
		By:	/s/ Geoffrey M. Kolander
			Geoffrey M. Kolander
			President and Chief Executive Officer
		By:	/s/ Kay E. Osbourn
			Kay E. Osbourn
			Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer,
			and Chief Investment Officer
Date:	August 7, 2018

70

EX-31.1

EXHIBIT 31.1

Certification of Chief Executive Officer Under

Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

I, Geoffrey M. Kolander, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Citizens, Inc., certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Citizens, Inc. ("registrant");

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a. Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b. Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c. Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d. Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's Board of Directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a. All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design of operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b. Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

		By:	/s/ Geoffrey M. Kolander
			Geoffrey M. Kolander
			President & Chief Executive Officer
Date:	August 7, 2018

71

EX-31.2

EXHIBIT 31.2

Certification of Chief Executive Officer Under

Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

I, Kay E. Osbourn, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Citizens, Inc. ("registrant");

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a. Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b. Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c. Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d. Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's Board of Directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a. All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design of operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b. Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

		By:	/s/ Kay E. Osbourn
			Kay E. Osbourn
			Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer &
			Chief Investment Officer
Date:	August 7, 2018

72

EX-32.1

EXHIBIT 32.1

Certification of Chief Executive Officerof Citizens, Inc. Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350

I, Geoffrey M. Kolander, certify that:

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Citizens, Inc. (the "Company") for the period ended June 30, 2018, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), I, Geoffrey M. Kolander, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 that:

1. the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

2. the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

	/s/ Geoffrey M. Kolander
Name:	Geoffrey M. Kolander
Title:	President & Chief Executive Officer
Date:	August 7, 2018

73

EX-32.2

EXHIBIT 32.2

Certification of Chief Financial Officer of Citizens, Inc. Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350

I, Kay E. Osbourn certify that:

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Citizens, Inc. (the "Company") for the period ended June 30, 2018, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), I, Kay E. Osbourn, Executive Vice, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Investment Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 that:

1. the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

2. the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

	/s/ Kay E. Osbourn
Name:	Kay E. Osbourn
Title:	Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer &
	Chief Investment Officer
Date:	August 7, 2018

74

XML

Document and Entity Information - shares	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018	Aug. 01, 2018
Entity Information [Line Items]
Entity Registrant Name	CITIZENS INC
Entity Central Index Key	0000024090
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Document Type	10-Q
Document Period End Date	Jun. 30, 2018
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2018
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q2
Amendment Flag	false
Common Stock Class A [Member]
Entity Information [Line Items]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		49,080,114
Common Stock Class B [Member]
Entity Information [Line Items]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		1,001,714

XML

Consolidated Statements of Financial Position (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Investments:
Fixed maturities available-for-sale, at fair value (cost: $967,918 and $935,977 in 2018 and 2017 respectively)	$ 976,451	$ 974,609
Fixed maturities held-to-maturity, at amortized cost (fair value: $218,774 and $241,377 in 2018 and 2017, respectively)	214,514	233,961
Equity security	15,372
Equity securities, at fair value (cost: $15,289 in 2017)		16,164
Mortgage loans on real estate	190	195
Policy loans	77,577	73,735
Real estate held-for-investment (less $1,233 and $5,479 accumulated depreciation in 2018 and 2017, respectively	5,769	7,416
Real estate held-for-sale (less $4,411 accumulated depreciation in 2018)	1,483	0
Other long-term investments	34	36
Total investments	1,291,390	1,306,116
Cash and cash equivalents	63,333	46,064
Accrued investment income	19,241	19,062
Reinsurance recoverable	3,971	3,715
Deferred policy acquisition costs	164,065	167,063
Cost of customer relationships acquired	16,499	17,499
Goodwill	12,624	12,624
Other intangible assets	959	961
Deferred tax assets, net	59,989	50,797
Property and equipment, net	6,291	6,624
Due premiums, net (less $1,483 and $1,611 allowance for doubtful accounts in 2018 and 2017, respectively)	11,791	12,765
Prepaid expenses	1,594	251
Other assets	974	912
Total assets	1,652,721	1,644,453
Future policy benefits reserves:
Life insurance	1,164,352	1,133,875
Annuities	75,415	73,688
Accident and health	905	990
Dividend accumulations	25,022	23,713
Premiums paid in advance	53,092	51,431
Policy claims payable	8,527	8,610
Other policyholders' funds	10,016	8,483
Total policy liabilities	1,337,329	1,300,790
Commissions payable	1,830	2,430
Federal income tax payable	97,239	93,365
Other liabilities	18,893	24,355
Total liabilities	1,455,291	1,420,940
Commitments and contingencies (Note 8)
Stockholders' equity:
Accumulated deficit	(61,058)	(54,375)
Accumulated other comprehensive income:
Unrealized gains on securities, net of tax	6,719	26,332
Treasury stock, at cost	(11,011)	(11,011)
Total stockholders' equity	197,430	223,513
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	1,652,721	1,644,453
Common Stock Class A [Member]
Stockholders' equity:
Common Stock	259,596	259,383
Common Stock Class B [Member]
Stockholders' equity:
Common Stock	$ 3,184	$ 3,184

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Consolidated Statements of Financial Position (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Investments:
Fixed maturities available-for-sale, cost	$ 967,918	$ 935,977
Fixed maturities held-to-maturity, fair value	218,774	241,377
Equity securities available-for-sale, cost		15,289
Real estate held for investment, accumulated depreciation	1,233	5,479
Real estate held for sale, accumulated depreciation	4,411	0
Due premiums, allowance for doubtful accounts	$ 1,483	$ 1,611
Common Stock Class A [Member]
Stockholders' equity:
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.00	$ 0.00
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	100,000,000	100,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	52,215,852	52,215,852
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	52,215,852	52,215,852
Common stock, shares in treasury (in shares)	3,135,738	3,135,738
Common Stock Class B [Member]
Stockholders' equity:
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.00	$ 0.00
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	2,000,000	2,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	1,001,714	1,001,714
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	1,001,714	1,001,714

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Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017
Premiums:
Life insurance	$ 44,631	$ 46,155	$ 87,160	$ 89,959
Accident and health insurance	301	345	592	673
Property insurance	1,198	1,239	2,407	2,488
Net investment income	13,811	13,073	27,582	25,812
Realized investment gains (losses), net	(178)	(117)	(753)	1,146
Other income	79	157	287	355
Total revenue	59,842	60,852	117,275	120,433
Insurance benefits paid or provided:
Claims and surrenders	20,617	18,952	41,768	40,676
Increase in future policy benefit reserves	16,555	17,820	31,163	32,356
Policyholders' dividends	1,614	1,501	2,921	2,805
Total insurance benefits paid or provided	38,786	38,273	75,852	75,837
Commissions	8,669	9,894	17,628	19,819
Other general expenses	14,466	9,355	20,973	19,511
Capitalization of deferred policy acquisition costs	(5,640)	(6,883)	(11,603)	(13,784)
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs	7,200	7,642	14,806	15,017
Amortization of cost of customer relationships acquired	472	475	1,151	994
Total benefits and expenses	63,953	58,756	118,807	117,394
Income before federal income tax	(4,111)	2,096	(1,532)	3,039
Federal income tax expense	(1,553)	1,524	989	411
Net income (loss)	(2,558)	572	(2,521)	2,628
Unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale debt securities:
Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during period	(12,329)	4,573	(30,427)	9,710
Reclassification adjustments for losses (gains) included in net income	87	111	346	(41)
Unrealized gains on available-for-sale debt securities, net	(12,242)	4,684	(30,081)	9,669
Income tax expense (benefit) on unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities	(2,571)	1,639	(6,306)	3,384
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(9,671)	3,045	(23,775)	6,285
Comprehensive income (loss)	$ (12,229)	$ 3,617	$ (26,296)	$ 8,913
Common Stock Class A [Member]
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Basic and diluted earnings per share (in dollars per share)	$ (0.05)	$ 0.01	$ (0.05)	$ 0.05
Common Stock Class B [Member]
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Basic and diluted earnings per share (in dollars per share)	$ (0.03)	$ 0.01	$ (0.03)	$ 0.03

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Consolidated Statements of Stockholder's Equity Statement - USD ($)	Total	Accumulated deficit [Member]	Accumulated other comprehensive income [Member]	Treasury stock [Member]	Common Stock Class A [Member] Common stock [Member]	Common Stock Class B [Member] Common stock [Member]
Balance at Dec. 31, 2016	$ 249,100,000	$ (16,248,000)	$ 13,792,000	$ (11,011,000)	$ 259,383,000	$ 3,184,000
Net income (loss)	2,628,000	2,628,000	0	0	0	0
Unrealized investment gains (losses), net	6,285,000	0	6,285,000	0	0	0
Comprehensive income (loss)	8,913,000	2,628,000	6,285,000	0	0	0
Stock-based compensation	0
Balance at Jun. 30, 2017	258,013,000	(13,620,000)	20,077,000	(11,011,000)	259,383,000	3,184,000
Accounting standards adopted January 1, 2018	0	(4,162,000)	4,162,000	0	0	0
Balance at January 1, 2018	223,513,000	(58,537,000)	30,494,000	(11,011,000)	259,383,000	3,184,000
Balance at Dec. 31, 2017	223,513,000	(54,375,000)	26,332,000	(11,011,000)	259,383,000	3,184,000
Net income (loss)	(2,521,000)	(2,521,000)	0	0	0	0
Unrealized investment gains (losses), net	(23,775,000)	0	(23,775,000)	0	0	0
Comprehensive income (loss)	(26,296,000)	(2,521,000)	(23,775,000)	0	0	0
Stock-based compensation	213,000	0	0	0	213,000	0
Balance at Jun. 30, 2018	$ 197,430,000	$ (61,058,000)	$ 6,719,000	$ (11,011,000)	$ 259,596,000	$ 3,184,000

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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - USD ($)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss)	$ (2,521,000)	$ 2,628,000
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Realized (gains) losses on sale of investments and other assets	753,000	(1,146,000)
Net deferred policy acquisition costs	3,203,000	1,233,000
Amortization of cost of customer relationships acquired	1,151,000	994,000
Depreciation	708,000	504,000
Amortization of premiums and discounts on investments	8,332,000	8,283,000
Stock-based compensation	213,000	0
Deferred federal income tax benefit	(2,869,000)	(1,977,000)
Change in:
Accrued investment income	(179,000)	(764,000)
Reinsurance recoverable	(256,000)	45,000
Due premiums	974,000	1,197,000
Future policy benefit reserves	31,665,000	32,335,000
Other policyholders' liabilities	4,420,000	4,138,000
Federal income tax receivable	3,858,000	3,700,000
Commissions payable and other liabilities	(6,062,000)	(6,686,000)
Other, net	(1,404,000)	(1,061,000)
Net cash provided by operating activities	41,986,000	43,423,000
Cash flows from investing activities:
Sale of fixed maturities, available-for-sale	0	508,000
Maturities and calls of fixed maturities, available-for-sale	37,646,000	43,755,000
Maturities and calls of fixed maturities, held-to-maturity	17,549,000	3,390,000
Purchase of fixed maturities, available-for-sale	(76,003,000)	(96,279,000)
Sale of equity security	0
Sale of equity securities, available-for-sale		1,940,000
Calls of equity securities	0
Calls of equity securities, available-for-sale		300,000
Purchase of equity securities	9,000
Purchase of equity securities, available-for-sale		0
Principal payments on mortgage loans	5,000	34,000
Increase in policy loans, net	(3,842,000)	(2,710,000)
Sale of other long-term investments and real estate	1,000	3,040,000
Purchase of property and equipment	(211,000)	(952,000)
Maturity of short-term investments	0	500,000
Net cash used in investing activities	(24,864,000)	(46,474,000)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Annuity deposits	3,605,000	4,365,000
Annuity withdrawals	(3,458,000)	(3,075,000)
Net cash provided by financing activities	147,000	1,290,000
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	17,269,000	(1,761,000)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year	46,064,000	35,510,000
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	63,333,000	33,749,000
Supplemental Disclosures of Operation Activities
Cash paid (received) during the period for income taxes, net	$ 0	$ (1,312,000)

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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows Supplemental Noncash Investing & Financing Activities Statement - USD ($) $ in Millions	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017
Supplemental Disclosure of Noncash Investing and Financing Activities [Abstract]
Noncash or Part Noncash Acquisition, Investments Acquired	$ 2.5	$ 4.8

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Financial Statements

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements Disclosure [Text Block]

Financial Statements

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts and operations of Citizens, Inc. ("Citizens"), a Colorado corporation, and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, CICA Life Insurance Company of America ("CICA"), Security Plan Life Insurance Company ("SPLIC"), Security Plan Fire Insurance Company ("SPFIC"), Citizens National Life Insurance Company ("CNLIC"), Magnolia Guaranty Life Insurance Company ("MGLIC"), Computing Technology, Inc. ("CTI"), Insurance Investors, Inc. ("III") and CICA Life Ltd. ("CICA Ltd.").  Citizens and its wholly-owned subsidiaries are collectively referred to as "the Company," "we," "us" or "our."

The consolidated statements of financial position as of June 30, 2018, the consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the three and six-months ended June 30, 2018 and June 30, 2017 and the consolidated statements of cash flows for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2018 and June 30, 2017, have been prepared by the Company without audit.  In the opinion of management, all normal and recurring adjustments to present fairly the financial position, results of operations, and changes in cash flows at June 30, 2018 and for comparative periods have been made.  The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("U.S. GAAP") for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).  Accordingly, the financial statements do not include all the information and footnotes required for complete financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements, and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.  Operating results for the interim periods disclosed herein are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for a full year or any future period.

We provide primarily life insurance and a small amount of health insurance policies through our insurance subsidiaries:  CICA, CICA Life Ltd, SPLIC, MGLIC and CNLIC.  Until the end of 2016, CICA and CNLIC issued ordinary whole-life policies, credit life and disability, burial insurance, pre-need policies, and accident and health related policies, throughout the Midwest and southern United States.  Beginning January 1, 2017, CICA and CNLIC ceased selling life products domestically. The Company is developing a new product strategy domestically and plans to re-enter the life market in 2019. Prior to July 1, 2018, CICA primarily issued ordinary whole-life and endowment policies to non-U.S. residents.  From and after July 1, 2018, CICA Ltd. will issue such policies. Effective on July 1, 2018, the Company effected a novation of all of the international policies issued by CICA to CICA Life Ltd. The Company is currently assessing the impact of the novation on the consolidated financial statements. SPLIC offers final expense and home service life insurance in Louisiana, Arkansas and Mississippi, and SPFIC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of SPLIC, writes a limited amount of property insurance in Louisiana. MGLIC provides industrial life policies through independent funeral homes in Mississippi.

CTI provides data processing systems and services, as well as furniture and equipment, to the Company.  III is currently not active. We plan to dissolve III and merge it into Citizens. CICA Ltd. is a newly established Bermuda entity that began operations in July 2018.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements, in conformity with U.S. GAAP, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.

The most significant estimates include those used in the evaluation of other-than-temporary impairments on debt and equity securities, actuarially determined assets and liabilities and assumptions, tests of goodwill impairment, valuation allowance on deferred tax assets, valuation of uncertain tax positions and contingencies relating to litigation and regulatory matters.  Certain of these estimates are particularly sensitive to market conditions, and deterioration and/or volatility in the worldwide debt or equity markets could have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

Significant Accounting Policies

For a description of significant accounting policies, see Note 1 of the notes to consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, which should be read in conjunction with these accompanying consolidated financial statements.

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Accounting Pronouncements

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

New Accounting Pronouncements and Changes in Accounting Principles [Abstract]

New Accounting Pronouncements and Changes in Accounting Principles [Text Block]

Accounting Pronouncements

Accounting Standards Recently Adopted

On February 14, 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2018-02, Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income.  It allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income ("AOCI") to retained earnings of the stranded tax effects that occurred due to the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the "New Tax Act"). The updated guidance is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and is to be applied retrospectively to each period in which there are items impacted by the New Tax Act remaining in AOCI or at the beginning of the period of adoption. Early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted the updated guidance effective January 1, 2018 and elected to reclassify the income tax effects of the New Tax Act from AOCI to accumulated deficit as of January 1, 2018. This reclassification resulted in an increase in accumulated deficit of $4.7 million as of January 1, 2018 and an increase in AOCI by the same amount.

In January 2016, the FASB released ASU 2016-01, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. The updated guidance requires equity investments, except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting, that have readily determinable fair values to be measured at fair value with any changes in fair value recognized in net income. Equity securities that do not have readily determinable fair values may be measured at estimated fair value or cost less impairment, if any, adjusted for subsequent observable price changes, with changes in the carrying value recognized in net income. A qualitative assessment for impairment is required for equity investments without readily determinable fair values. The updated guidance also eliminates the requirement to disclose the method and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value of financial instruments measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet. The updated guidance was effective for the first quarter ended March 31, 2018. The adoption of this guidance resulted in the recognition of $560,000 of net after-tax unrealized gains on equity investments as a cumulative effect adjustment that decreased retained deficit as of January 1, 2018 and decreased AOCI by the same amount. The Company elected to report changes in the fair value of equity investments in realized investment gains (losses), net. At December 31, 2017, equity investments were classified as available-for-sale on the Company's balance sheet. However, upon adoption, the updated guidance eliminated the available-for-sale balance sheet classification for equity investments.

Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

The FASB’s new lease accounting standard ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), was issued on February 25, 2016. The ASU will require organizations that lease assets, referred to as “lessees”, to recognize on the balance sheet the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by those leases. The ASU also will require disclosures to help investors and other financial statement users better understand the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. These disclosures include qualitative and quantitative requirements, providing additional information about the amounts recorded in the financial statements. The accounting by organizations that own the assets leased by the lessee, also known as lessor accounting, will remain largely unchanged from current U.S. GAAP. However, the ASU contains some targeted improvements that are intended to align, where necessary, lessor accounting with the lessee accounting model and with the updated revenue recognition guidance issued in 2014. The ASU on leases will take effect for public companies for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is assessing the impact of this new standard.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326), with the main objective to provide financial statement users with more decision-useful information about the expected credit losses on financial instruments and other commitments to extend credit held by a reporting entity at each reporting date. The amendments in this ASU require a financial asset (or a group of financial assets) measured at amortized cost basis to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The allowance for credit losses is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of the financial asset(s) to present the net carrying value at the amount expected to be collected on the financial asset. The income statement reflects the measurement of credit losses for newly recognized financial assets, as well as the expected increases or decreases of expected credit losses that have taken place during the period. Credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities should be measured in a manner similar to current U.S. GAAP; however, the credit losses are recorded through an allowance for credit losses rather than as a write-down. This approach is an improvement to current U.S. GAAP because an entity will be able to record reversals of credit losses (in situations in which the estimate of credit losses declines) in current period net income, which in turn should align the income statement recognition of credit losses with the reporting period in which changes occur. Current U.S. GAAP prohibits reflecting those improvements in current-period earnings. For public business entities, the amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is evaluating the impact this guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements, but it is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-08, Receivables-Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20). The amendments in this ASU shorten the amortization period for certain callable debt securities held at a premium. Specifically, the amendments require the premium to be amortized to the earliest call date. The amendments do not require an accounting change for securities held at a discount; the discount continues to be amortized to maturity. The Company has a large portfolio of callable debt securities purchased at a premium. As such, the Company had already been amortizing the premium to the earliest call date to reduce volatility in earnings by eliminating reporting large realized losses when debt securities are called. For public business entities, the amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018.

No other new accounting pronouncement issued or effective during the fiscal year had, or is expected to have, a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

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Segment Information

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Segment Reporting Information, Operating Income (Loss) [Abstract]

Segment Information

Segment Information

The Company has two reportable segments:  Life Insurance and Home Service Insurance.  The Life Insurance and Home Service portions of the Company constitute separate businesses. In addition to the Life Insurance and Home Service business, the Company also operates other non-insurance ("Other Non-Insurance Enterprises") portions of the Company, which primarily include the Company's IT and Corporate-support functions, which are included in the tables presented below to properly reconcile the segment information with the consolidated financial statements of the Company.

The accounting policies of the segments and other non-insurance enterprises are in accordance with U.S. GAAP and are the same as those used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements.  The Company evaluates profit and loss performance based on U.S. GAAP income before federal income taxes for its two reportable segments.

The Company's Other Non-Insurance enterprises are the only reportable difference between segments and consolidated operations.

	Three Months Ended
	June 30, 2018
	Life Insurance			Home Service Insurance		Other Non-Insurance Enterprises		Consolidated
	(In thousands)
Revenues:
Premiums	$	34,393		11,737		—		46,130
Net investment income	10,139			3,316		356		13,811
Realized investment losses, net	(24		)	(151	)	(3	)	(178	)
Other income	79			—		—		79
Total revenue	44,587			14,902		353		59,842
Benefits and expenses:
Insurance benefits paid or provided:
Claims and surrenders	15,019			5,598		—		20,617
Increase in future policy benefit reserves	15,383			1,172		—		16,555
Policyholders' dividends	1,605			9		—		1,614
Total insurance benefits paid or provided	32,007			6,779		—		38,786
Commissions	4,777			3,892		—		8,669
Other general expenses	6,908			5,392		2,166		14,466
Capitalization of deferred policy acquisition costs	(4,150		)	(1,490	)	—		(5,640	)
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs	6,240			960		—		7,200
Amortization of cost of customer relationships acquired	132			340		—		472
Total benefits and expenses	45,914			15,873		2,166		63,953
Loss before income tax expense	$	(1,327	)	(971	)	(1,813	)	(4,111	)

	Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2018
	Life Insurance			Home Service Insurance		Other Non-Insurance Enterprises		Consolidated
	(In thousands)
Revenues:
Premiums	$	66,753		23,406		—		90,159
Net investment income	20,269			6,618		695		27,582
Realized investment losses, net	(209		)	(503	)	(41	)	(753	)
Other income (loss)	288			(1	)	—		287
Total revenue	87,101			29,520		654		117,275
Benefits and expenses:
Insurance benefits paid or provided:
Claims and surrenders	30,310			11,458		—		41,768
Increase in future policy benefit reserves	28,965			2,198		—		31,163
Policyholders' dividends	2,902			19		—		2,921
Total insurance benefits paid or provided	62,177			13,675		—		75,852
Commissions	10,005			7,623		—		17,628
Other general expenses	6,024			10,936		4,013		20,973
Capitalization of deferred policy acquisition costs	(8,790		)	(2,813	)	—		(11,603	)
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs	12,780			2,026		—		14,806
Amortization of cost of customer relationships acquired	284			867		—		1,151
Total benefits and expenses	82,480			32,314		4,013		118,807
Income (loss) before income tax expense	$	4,621		(2,794	)	(3,359	)	(1,532	)

	Three Months Ended
	June 30, 2017
	Life Insurance			Home Service Insurance		Other Non-Insurance Enterprises		Consolidated
	(In thousands)
Revenues:
Premiums	$	35,960		11,779		—		47,739
Net investment income	9,496			3,250		327		13,073
Realized investment gains (losses), net	(141		)	24		—		(117	)
Other income (loss)	177			3		(23	)	157
Total revenue	45,492			15,056		304		60,852
Benefits and expenses:
Insurance benefits paid or provided:
Claims and surrenders	13,842			5,110		—		18,952
Increase in future policy benefit reserves	16,513			1,307		—		17,820
Policyholders' dividends	1,490			11		—		1,501
Total insurance benefits paid or provided	31,845			6,428		—		38,273
Commissions	5,866			4,028		—		9,894
Other general expenses	4,327			4,299		729		9,355
Capitalization of deferred policy acquisition costs	(5,223		)	(1,660	)	—		(6,883	)
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs	6,613			1,029		—		7,642
Amortization of cost of customer relationships acquired	144			331		—		475
Total benefits and expenses	43,572			14,455		729		58,756
Income (loss) before income tax expense	$	1,920		601		(425	)	2,096

	Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2017
	Life Insurance			Home Service Insurance		Other Non-Insurance Enterprises		Consolidated
	(In thousands)
Revenues:
Premiums	$	69,523		23,597		—		93,120
Net investment income	18,627			6,509		676		25,812
Realized investment gains (losses), net	(64		)	1,210		—		1,146
Other income	295			2		58		355
Total revenue	88,381			31,318		734		120,433
Benefits and expenses:
Insurance benefits paid or provided:
Claims and surrenders	29,518			11,158		—		40,676
Increase in future policy benefit reserves	29,773			2,583		—		32,356
Policyholders' dividends	2,785			20		—		2,805
Total insurance benefits paid or provided	62,076			13,761		—		75,837
Commissions	11,873			7,946		—		19,819
Other general expenses	8,199			9,157		2,155		19,511
Capitalization of deferred policy acquisition costs	(10,601		)	(3,183	)	—		(13,784	)
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs	12,919			2,098		—		15,017
Amortization of cost of customer relationships acquired	316			678		—		994
Total benefits and expenses	84,782			30,457		2,155		117,394
Income (loss) before income tax expense	$	3,599		861		(1,421	)	3,039

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Earnings Per Share

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Earnings Per Share

Earnings Per Share

The following tables set forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share.

	Three Months Ended
	June 30, 2018			June 30, 2017
	(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Basic and diluted earnings per share:
Numerator:
Net income (loss)	$	(2,558	)	572
Net income (loss) allocated to Class A common stock	$	(2,532	)	566
Net income (loss) allocated to Class B common stock	(26		)	6
Net income (loss)	$	(2,558	)	572
Denominator:
Weighted average shares of Class A outstanding - basic	49,080			49,080
Weighted average shares of Class A outstanding - diluted	49,109			49,080
Weighted average shares of Class B outstanding - basic and diluted	1,002			1,002
Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock	$	(0.05	)	0.01
Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share of Class B common stock	(0.03		)	0.01

	Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2018			June 30, 2017
	(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Basic and diluted earnings per share:
Numerator:
Net income (loss)	$	(2,521	)	2,628
Net income (loss) allocated to Class A common stock	$	(2,496	)	2,601
Net income (loss) allocated to Class B common stock	(25		)	27
Net income (loss)	$	(2,521	)	2,628
Denominator:
Weighted average shares of Class A outstanding - basic	49,080			49,080
Weighted average shares of Class A outstanding - diluted	49,109			49,080
Weighted average shares of Class B outstanding - basic and diluted	1,002			1,002
Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock	$	(0.05	)	0.05
Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share of Class B common stock	(0.03		)	0.03

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Investments

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]

Investments in Debt and Marketable Equity Securities (and Certain Trading Assets) Disclosure [Text Block]

Investments

The Company invests primarily in fixed maturity securities, which totaled 88.0% of total cash, cash equivalents and investments at June 30, 2018. The Company's cash, cash equivalents and investments are listed below.

	June 30, 2018			December 31, 2017
	Carrying Value		% of Total Carrying Value	Carrying Value		% of Total Carrying Value
	(In thousands)			(In thousands)
Fixed maturity securities	$	1,190,965	88.0	$	1,208,570	89.3
Equity securities	15,372		1.1	16,164		1.2
Mortgage loans	190		—	195		—
Policy loans	77,577		5.7	73,735		5.5
Real estate and other long-term investments	7,286		0.5	7,452		0.6
Cash and cash equivalents	63,333		4.7	46,064		3.4
Total cash, cash equivalents and investments	$	1,354,723	100.0	$	1,352,180	100.0

The following tables represent the cost, gross unrealized gains and losses and fair value for fixed maturities as of the periods indicated.

	June 30, 2018
	Cost or Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains	Gross Unrealized Losses	Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Fixed maturities:
Available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury securities	$	9,824	1,500	—	11,324
U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises	3,558		741	—	4,299
States and political subdivisions	550,700		12,009	3,170	559,539
Foreign governments	103		16	—	119
Corporate	402,213		9,353	11,994	399,572
Residential mortgage-backed	1,520		81	3	1,598
Total available-for-sale securities	967,918		23,700	15,167	976,451
Held-to-maturity securities:
States and political subdivisions	198,439		5,112	772	202,779
Corporate	16,075		531	611	15,995
Total held-to-maturity securities	214,514		5,643	1,383	218,774
Total fixed maturities	$	1,182,432	29,343	16,550	1,195,225

	December 31, 2017
	Cost or Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains	Gross Unrealized Losses	Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Fixed maturities:
Available-for-sale securities:
U.S. Treasury securities	$	9,860	1,948	—	11,808
U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises	3,570		926	—	4,496
States and political subdivisions	550,536		18,507	1,540	567,503
Foreign governments	103		18	—	121
Corporate	370,043		20,212	1,552	388,703
Residential mortgage-backed	1,865		118	5	1,978
Total available-for-sale securities	935,977		41,729	3,097	974,609
Held-to-maturity securities:
States and political subdivisions	213,054		7,585	629	220,010
Corporate	20,907		1,118	658	21,367
Total held-to-maturity securities	233,961		8,703	1,287	241,377
Total fixed maturity securities	$	1,169,938	50,432	4,384	1,215,986

The majority of the Company's equity securities are diversified stock and bond mutual funds.

	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
	Fair Value		Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Equity securities:
Stock mutual funds	$	3,112	3,217
Bond mutual funds	12,094		12,367
Common stock	23		24
Preferred stock	143		556
Total equity securities	$	15,372	16,164

The Company recognized $86,009 and $388,061 of net realized losses on equity securities still held for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively.

Valuation of Investments in Fixed Maturity and Equity Securities

Held-to-maturity securities are reported in the financial statements at amortized cost and available-for-sale securities are reported at fair value. Equity securities are measured at fair value with the change in fair value recorded through net income pursuant to the adoption of ASU 2016-01 as described in Note 2.

The Company monitors all debt securities on an on-going basis relative to changes in credit ratings, market prices, earnings trends and financial performance, in addition to specific region or industry reviews.  The assessment of whether other-than-temporary impairments ("OTTI") have occurred is based on a case-by-case evaluation of underlying reasons for the decline in fair value.  The Company determines other-than-temporary impairment by reviewing relevant evidence related to the specific security issuer as well as the Company's intent to sell the security, or if it is more likely than not that the Company would be required to sell a security before recovery of its amortized cost.

When an other-than-temporary impairment has occurred, the amount of the other-than-temporary impairment recognized in earnings depends on whether the Company intends to sell the security or more likely than not will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis.  If the Company intends to sell the security or it is more likely that the Company will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, the other-than-temporary impairment is recognized in earnings equal to the entire difference between the investment's cost and its fair value at the balance sheet date.  If the Company does not intend to sell the security and it is more likely than not that the Company will not be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, the other-than-temporary impairment is separated into the following: (a) the amount representing the credit loss; and (b) the amount related to all other factors.  The amount of the total other-than-temporary impairment related to the credit loss is recognized in earnings.  The amount of the total other-than-temporary impairment related to other factors is recognized in other comprehensive income, net of applicable taxes.  The previous amortized cost basis less the other-than-temporary impairment recognized in earnings becomes the new amortized cost basis of the investment.  The new amortized cost basis is not adjusted for subsequent recoveries in fair value.

The Company evaluates whether a credit impairment exists for fixed maturity securities by considering primarily the following factors: (a) changes in the financial condition of the security's underlying collateral; (b) whether the issuer is current on contractually obligated interest and principal payments; (c) changes in the financial condition, credit rating and near-term prospects of the issuer; (d) the length of time to which the fair value has been less than the amortized cost of the security; and (e) the payment structure of the security.  The Company's best estimate of expected future cash flows used to determine the credit loss amount is a quantitative and qualitative process.  Quantitative review includes information received from third party sources such as financial statements, pricing and rating changes, liquidity and other statistical information.  Qualitative factors include judgments related to business strategies, economic impacts on the issuer and overall judgment related to estimates and industry factors.  The Company's best estimate of future cash flows involves assumptions including, but not limited to, various performance indicators, such as historical and projected default and recovery rates, credit ratings, and current delinquency rates.  These assumptions require the use of significant management judgment and include the probability of issuer default and estimates regarding timing and amount of expected recoveries, which may include estimating the underlying collateral value.  In addition, projections of expected future debt security cash flows may change based upon new information regarding the performance of the issuer.

There were no other-than-temporary impairments recorded for the three months ended June 30, 2018 or 2017. An other-than-temporary impairment of $225,000 was recognized on one bond issuer during the six months ended June 30, 2018 and on one equity security totaling $17,000 during the six months ended June 30, 2017.

The following tables present the fair values and gross unrealized losses of fixed maturity securities that have remained in a continuous unrealized loss position for the periods indicated.

	June 30, 2018
	Less than 12 months				Greater than 12 months			Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses	# of Securities	Fair Value	Unrealized Losses	# of Securities	Fair Value	Unrealized Losses	# of Securities
	(In thousands, except for # of securities)
Fixed maturities:
Available-for-sale securities:
States and political subdivisions	$	174,912	1,683	164	53,199	1,487	44	228,111	3,170	208
Corporate	258,469		10,359	174	13,178	1,635	10	271,647	11,994	184
Residential mortgage-backed	20		1	4	152	2	4	172	3	8
Total available-for-sale securities	433,401		12,043	342	66,529	3,124	58	499,930	15,167	400
Held-to-maturity securities:
States and political subdivisions	34,296		203	34	7,107	569	11	41,403	772	45
Corporate	568		3	1	2,206	608	2	2,774	611	3
Total held-to-maturity securities	34,864		206	35	9,313	1,177	13	44,177	1,383	48
Total fixed maturities	$	468,265	12,249	377	75,842	4,301	71	544,107	16,550	448

As of June 30, 2018, the Company had 58 available-for-sale fixed maturity securities and 13 held-to-maturity fixed maturity securities that were in an unrealized loss position for greater than 12 months.

	December 31, 2017
	Less than 12 months				Greater than 12 months			Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses	# of Securities	Fair Value	Unrealized Losses	# of Securities	Fair Value	Unrealized Losses	# of Securities
	(In thousands, except for # of securities)
Fixed maturities:
Available-for-sale securities:
States and political subdivisions	$	49,408	312	46	47,233	1,228	46	96,641	1,540	92
Corporate	61,071		732	39	7,651	820	10	68,722	1,552	49
Residential mortgage-backed	132		3	4	157	2	4	289	5	8
Total available-for-sale securities	110,611		1,047	89	55,041	2,050	60	165,652	3,097	149
Held-to-maturity securities:
States and political subdivisions	14,178		45	15	7,460	584	14	21,638	629	29
Corporate	—		—	—	2,169	658	2	2,169	658	2
Total held-to-maturity securities	14,178		45	15	9,629	1,242	16	23,807	1,287	31
Total fixed maturities	$	124,789	1,092	104	64,670	3,292	76	189,459	4,384	180
Equity securities:
Redeemable preferred stock	95		6	1	—	—	—	95	6	1
Total equity securities	$	95	6	1	—	—	—	95	6	1

We have reviewed these securities in an unrealized loss position for the periods ended June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 and determined that no other-than-temporary impairment exists that have not been recognized based on our evaluation of the credit worthiness of the issuers and the fact that we do not intend to sell the investments nor is it likely that we will be required to sell the securities before recovery of their amortized cost bases which may be maturity.  We continue to monitor all securities on an on-going basis and future information may become available which could result in other-than-temporary impairments being recorded.

The amortized cost and fair value of fixed maturity securities at June 30, 2018 by contractual maturity are shown in the table below.  Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Securities not due at a single maturity date have been reflected based upon final stated maturity.

	June 30, 2018
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Available-for-sale securities:
Due in one year or less	$	30,664	30,737
Due after one year through five years	107,702		111,166
Due after five years through ten years	182,804		185,086
Due after ten years	646,748		649,462
Total available-for-sale securities	967,918		976,451
Held-to-maturity securities:
Due in one year or less	9,126		9,137
Due after one year through five years	41,986		42,761
Due after five years through ten years	49,031		49,612
Due after ten years	114,371		117,264
Total held-to-maturity securities	214,514		218,774
Total fixed maturities	$	1,182,432	1,195,225

The Company uses the specific identification method of the individual security to determine the cost basis used in the calculation of realized gains and losses related to security sales.  

	Fixed Maturities, Available-for-Sale					Equity Securities
	Three Months Ended			Six Months Ended		Three Months Ended		Six Months Ended
	June 30,			June 30,		June 30,		June 30,
	2018		2017	2018	2017	2018	2017	2018	2017
	(In thousands)
Proceeds	$	—	—	—	508	—	—	—	1,940
Gross realized gains	$	—	—	—	6	—	—	—	—
Gross realized losses	$	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	30

There were no sales of available-for-sale fixed maturity securities or equity securities for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and for the three months ended June 30, 2017. One available-for-sale fixed maturity security and one equity security were sold during the six months ended June 30, 2017. There were no securities sold from the held-to-maturity portfolio for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 or 2017.

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Fair Value Measurements

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Disclosures [Text Block]

Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.  We hold available-for-sale fixed maturity securities, which are carried at fair value. We also report our equity securities at fair value with changes in fair value reported through the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Fair value measurements are generally based upon observable and unobservable inputs.  Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect our view of market assumptions in the absence of observable market information.  We utilize valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs.  All assets and liabilities carried at fair value are required to be classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:

• Level 1 - Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.

• Level 2 - Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations whose inputs or whose significant value drivers are observable.

• Level 3 - Instruments whose significant value drivers are unobservable.

Level 1 primarily consists of financial instruments whose value is based on quoted market prices such as U.S. Treasury securities and actively traded mutual fund and stock investments.

Level 2 includes those financial instruments that are valued by independent pricing services or broker quotes.  These models are primarily industry-standard models that consider various inputs, such as interest rates, credit spreads and foreign exchange rates for the underlying financial instruments.  All significant inputs are observable, or derived from observable information in the marketplace or are supported by observable levels at which transactions are executed in the marketplace.  Financial instruments in this category primarily include corporate securities, U.S. Government-sponsored enterprise securities, municipal securities and certain mortgage and asset-backed securities.

Level 3 is comprised of financial instruments whose fair value is estimated based on non-binding broker prices utilizing significant inputs not based on or corroborated by readily available market information.  There were no securities in this category at June 30, 2018.

The following tables set forth our assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of the dates indicated.

	June 30, 2018
Financial Assets	Level 1		Level 2	Level 3	Total Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Available-for-sale investments
Fixed maturities:
U.S. Treasury and U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises	$	11,324	4,299	—	15,623
States and political subdivisions	—		559,539	—	559,539
Corporate	406		399,166	—	399,572
Residential mortgage-backed	—		1,598	—	1,598
Foreign governments	—		119	—	119
Total fixed maturities available-for-sale	11,730		964,721	—	976,451
Equity securities
Stock mutual funds	3,112		—	—	3,112
Bond mutual funds	12,094		—	—	12,094
Common stock	23		—	—	23
Non-redeemable preferred stock	143		—	—	143
Total equity securities	15,372		—	—	15,372
Total financial assets	$	27,102	964,721	—	991,823

	December 31, 2017
Financial Assets	Level 1		Level 2	Level 3	Total Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Available-for-sale investments
Fixed maturities:
U.S. Treasury and U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises	$	11,808	4,496	—	16,304
States and political subdivisions	—		567,503	—	567,503
Corporate	—		388,703	—	388,703
Residential mortgage-backed	—		1,978	—	1,978
Foreign governments	—		121	—	121
Total fixed maturities available-for-sale	11,808		962,801	—	974,609
Equity securities
Stock mutual funds	3,217		—	—	3,217
Bond mutual funds	12,367		—	—	12,367
Common stock	24		—	—	24
Preferred stock	556		—	—	556
Total equity securities	16,164		—	—	16,164
Total financial assets	$	27,972	962,801	—	990,773

Financial Instruments Valuation

Fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale.  At June 30, 2018, our fixed maturity securities, valued using a third-party pricing source, totaled $964.7 million for Level 2 assets and comprised 97.3% of total reported fair value of our financial assets.  The Level 1 and Level 2 valuations are reviewed and updated quarterly through random testing by comparisons to separate pricing models, other third-party pricing services, and back tested to recent trades.  In addition, we obtain information annually relative to the third-party pricing models and review model parameters for reasonableness.  There were no Level 3 assets at June 30, 2018. For the six months ended June 30, 2018, there were no material changes to the valuation methods or assumptions used to determine fair values, and no broker or third-party prices were changed from the values received.

Equity securities.  Our equity securities are classified as Level 1 assets as their fair values are based upon quoted market prices.

We review the fair value hierarchy classifications each reporting period.  Changes in the observability of the valuation attributes may result in a reclassification of certain financial assets.  Such reclassifications are reported as transfers in and out of Level 3 at the beginning fair value for the reporting period in which the changes occur. There were no transfers in or out of Level 3.

Financial Instruments not Carried at Fair Value

Estimates of fair values are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market prices and information about the financial instruments.  The estimated fair values of financial instruments presented below are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company might realize in actual market transactions.

The carrying amount and fair value for the financial assets and liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets not otherwise disclosed for the periods indicated are as follows:

	June 30, 2018			December 31, 2017
	Carrying Value		Fair Value	Carrying Value	Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Financial assets:
Fixed maturities, held-to-maturity	$	214,514	218,774	233,961	241,377
Mortgage loans	190		225	195	228
Policy loans	77,577		77,577	73,735	73,735
Cash and cash equivalents	63,333		63,333	46,064	46,064
Financial liabilities:
Annuity - investment contracts	56,025		54,125	55,035	57,575

Fair values for fixed income securities, which are characterized as Level 2 assets in the fair value hierarchy, are based on quoted market prices for the same or similar securities.  In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other assumptions, including a discount rate and estimates of future cash flows.

Mortgage loans are secured principally by residential properties.  Weighted average interest rates for these loans were approximately 6.56% at June 30, 2018 and 6.60% at December 31, 2017. At June 30, 2018, maturities ranged from 20 to 24 years.  Management estimated the fair value using an annual interest rate of 6.25% at June 30, 2018.  Our mortgage loans are considered Level 3 assets in the fair value hierarchy.

Policy loans had a weighted average annual interest rate of 7.7% as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, and no specified maturity dates.  The aggregate fair value of policy loans approximates the carrying value reflected on the consolidated balance sheets.  These loans typically carry an interest rate that is tied to the crediting rate applied to the related policy and contract reserves.  Policy loans are an integral part of the life insurance policies we have inforce, cannot be valued separately and are not marketable.  Therefore, the fair value of policy loans approximates the carrying value and policy loans are considered Level 3 assets in the fair value hierarchy.

The fair value of cash and cash equivalents approximate carrying value and are characterized as Level 1 assets in the fair value hierarchy.

The fair value of the Company's liabilities under annuity contract policies, which are considered Level 3 assets, was estimated at June 30, 2018 using discounted cash flows based upon spot rates ranging from 2.48% to 3.81% based upon swap rates adjusted for various risk adjustments. The fair value of liabilities under all insurance contracts are taken into consideration in the overall management of interest rate risk, which seeks to minimize exposure to changing interest rates through the matching of investment maturities with amounts due under insurance contracts.

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Short Duration Contracts

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Short Duration Contracts [Abstract]

Short-Duration Insurance and Deposit Contracts [Text Block]

Short Duration Contracts

The Company's short duration contracts consist of credit life and credit disability in the Life segment and property insurance in the Home Service segment. The following table presents information on changes in the liability for credit life, credit disability, and property policy and contract claims for the periods ended June 30, 2018 and June 30, 2017.

	June 30,
	2018			2017
	(In thousands)
Policy claims payable at January 1,	$	570		543
Less:  reinsurance recoverable	—			—
Net balance at January 1,	570			543
Add claims incurred, related to:
Current year	977			1,046
Prior years	(152		)	(10	)
	825			1,036
Deduct claims paid, related to:
Current year	701			758
Prior years	305			377
	1,006			1,135
Net balance June 30,	389			444
Plus:  reinsurance recoverable	—			—
Policy claims payable, June 30,	$	389		444

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Commitments and Contingencies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies

Qualification of Life Products

As of December 31, 2014, we determined that a portion of the life insurance policies issued by our subsidiary insurance companies failed to qualify for the favorable U.S. federal income tax treatment afforded by Section 7702 of the Internal Revenue Code ("IRC") of 1986. This tax code section allows for qualifying products sold to clients to have favorable tax treatment such as the product's inside build up being not taxable unless distributions are made. Because these policies were sold with the intention that they would qualify for this favorable tax treatment, holders of these policies and the Company may now be subject to additional tax liabilities. The policies at issue were sold most substantially to non-U.S. citizens residing abroad and to a lesser extent domestically. Based upon a review of the options available to the Company, we have determined that we will not remediate our endowments and life products under IRC Section 7702 that we have sold to non-U.S. citizens but will propose an offer to the IRS to settle potential liabilities. We do intend to remediate the domestic products we have sold to U.S. citizens. Accordingly, we submitted an offer to enter into a Closing Agreement for CICA and CNLIC in May 2017. We have not received a response from the IRS on this submission. In addition, as part of our continuing review, we determined in July 2015 that certain annuity contracts do not contain qualifying language under IRC 72(s) as intended that would have provided for favorable tax treatment of the annuities. This issue affects both our domestic and international contract holders. We endorsed the majority of the affected domestic annuity contracts to comply with the IRC in December 2017 and we have initiated discussions with the IRS to address past non-compliance. The Company has continued to refine the understanding of the tax failures as previously reported by preparing an individual policy calculation and has reflected the related exposure for the current reporting period as noted below. Failure of these policies to qualify under IRC Sections 7702 and 72(s) has resulted in additional liabilities and expenses as described below. The products have been and continue to be appropriately reported as life insurance under U.S. GAAP for financial reporting.

The failure of these policies to qualify under Sections 7702 and 72(s) results in an estimated liability as of June 30, 2018 of $7.1 million related to projected IRS toll charges and fees reported in other general expenses of $6.1 million and reserve increases to bring policies into compliance totaling $1.0 million. The range of financial estimates relative to this issue is $4.5 million to $44.0 million. At December 31, 2017, the best estimate liability was $12.5 million and the probability weighted range of financial estimates relative to this issue was $5.9 million to $48.2 million. Our liability and range disclosures are evaluated each reporting period and reflect our continued refinement of estimates and considerations as we prepare to submit offers to the IRS related to these matters.

The estimated range includes projected toll charges and fees payable to the IRS, as well as any other costs attributed to remediation of non-compliant domestic life insurance policies. The estimated liability and the estimated range will be updated as we continue to refine our estimates. The amount of our liabilities and expenses depends on a number of uncertainties, including the number of prior tax years for which we may be liable to the IRS, the number of domestic life insurance policies we will be required to remediate, and the methodology applicable to the calculation of the toll charges for non-compliant policies. Given the range of potential outcomes and the significant variables assumed in establishing our estimates, actual amounts incurred may exceed our reserve and could exceed the high end of our estimated range of liabilities and expenses. To the extent the amount reserved by the Company is insufficient to meet the actual amount of our liability and expenses, or if our estimates of those liabilities and expenses change in the future, our financial condition and results of operation may be materially adversely affected. Management believes that based upon current information we have recorded the best estimate liability to date.

Accruals for loss contingencies are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. The process of determining our best estimate and the estimated range was a complex undertaking including insight from external consultants and involved management’s judgment based upon a variety of factors known at the time. We expect to incur additional costs in 2018 associated with these issues. We believe these costs could be an additional $0.5 million to $1.5 million, but due to the uncertainty of actions, we cannot reasonably estimate these costs with any reliability. Actual amounts incurred may exceed this estimate and will be recorded as they become probable and can be reasonably estimated.

Unclaimed Property Contingencies

The Company was informed in 2012 by the Louisiana Department of Treasury, Arkansas Auditor of State and the Texas State Comptroller, that they authorized an audit of Citizens, Inc. and its affiliates for compliance with unclaimed property laws. This audit is being conducted by Verus Financial LLC on behalf of the states. This audit is not active and there has been no activity related to this audit for several years.

If the external audit was performed, it could result in additional payments to beneficiaries, additional escheatment of funds deemed abandoned under state laws, administrative penalties, interest, and changes to the Company's procedures for the identification and escheatment of abandoned property.  The Company believes additional escheatment of funds in Arkansas or Texas will not be material to our financial condition or results of operations. However, additional escheatment of funds in Louisiana, which may subsequently be deemed abandoned under the Louisiana Department of Treasury’s audit, could be substantial for SPLIC if the Louisiana Department of Treasury chooses to disregard recent court decisions regarding unclaimed property litigation in favor of the insurance industry. At this time, the Company is not able to reasonably estimate any of these possible amounts.

Litigation

On or about March 16, 2017, Juan Gamboa filed a putative class action lawsuit against the Company and five of its current and former directors and executive officers in the United States District Court, Western District of Texas. The lawsuit alleged that the defendants violated Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder by making false and/or misleading statements, as well as failing to disclose material adverse facts about the Company’s business, operations and prospects.  On May 25, 2017, the court appointed lead plaintiffs, and on July 31, 2017, the lead plaintiffs filed an amended complaint. The amended complaint sought an award of damages in an unspecified amount on behalf of a putative class consisting of persons who purchased the Company’s common stock between March 11, 2015 and March 8, 2017, inclusive.  On September 28, 2017, we filed a motion to dismiss. On May 29, 2018, the court granted our motion, dismissed with prejudice the plaintiff's claim against all defendants and ordered the case closed. It is our understanding that the plaintiff's appeal period has expired.

From time to time we are subject to legal and regulatory actions relating to our business. We defend all claims vigorously.  As a result, we incur defense costs, including attorneys' fees, other direct litigation costs and the expenditure of management time that otherwise would be devoted to our business. If we suffer an adverse judgment as a result of litigation claims, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

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Income Taxes

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

The effective tax rate was (64.6)% and 13.5% for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and June 30, 2017, respectively. Additionally, there were $1.7 millionof tax expense and $0.2 milliontax benefit related to interest expense on an uncertain tax position in the six months ended June 30, 2018 and June 30, 2017, respectively. The effective tax rate is affected by our tax compliance issues discussed in Note 8 "Commitments and Contingencies", as IRS toll charge penalties are not tax deductible and can move up or down depending on the net adjustment to our best estimate liability. In addition, we report the interest component of our uncertain tax positions in income tax expense, which can move up or down depending on the tax compliance issues as well as statute expirations. Absent the effect on our effective tax rate of our tax compliance issues, in prior years where our effective tax rate was lower than the statutory tax rate of 35%, the difference was primarily due to tax-exempt state and local bond income which reduce the effective tax rate.

Beginning in 2018, the statutory tax rate is 21%. In accordance with the SEC's Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 ("SAB 118"), the Company recorded provisional amounts related to the impacts of the New Tax Act as of December 31, 2017, including but not limited to the change in corporate tax rate and immediate expensing of certain capital assets.  The amounts are considered provisional estimates due to complexities and ambiguities in New Tax Act which resulted in incomplete accounting for the tax effects of these provisions. Further guidance, either legislative or interpretive, and analysis will be required to complete the accounting for these items. A final determination is required to be made within a measurement period not to extend beyond one year from the enactment date of the New Tax Act.  Upon further analysis of certain aspects of the Act during the six months ended June 30, 2018, we determined that no adjustment to our provisional amount recorded as of December 31, 2017 was required. We will continue our analysis of the New Tax Act and will record an update to our provisional amount if needed during the measurement period allowed by SAB 118.

For the six months ended June 30, 2018, our effective tax rate was significantly lower than the six months ended June 30, 2017, as the Company had tax expense in 2018 on a pretax loss causing the effective tax rate to be negative. This negative effective tax rate is primarily a result of additional interest expense on the uncertain tax position during the six months of 2018.

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Benefit Plans Benefit Plans

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Benefit Plan Disclosure [Abstract]

Compensation and Employee Benefit Plans [Text Block]

Benefit Plans

The Company has an employer-sponsored 401(k) plan available to all eligible employees. This is an additional benefit offered to employees, which supplements the defined contribution profit-sharing plan.  Employees with one year of service can participate in the plan.  Contributions are made by employees and the Company provides a matching contribution based upon the employee's level of contribution. The Company's expense related to contributions into the 401(k) plan totaled $182,000 and $171,000 for the three months and $369,000 and $348,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and June 30, 2017, respectively.

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Stock Compensation Stock Compensation

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Stock Compensation [Abstract]

Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Text Block]

Stock Compensation

In January, 2018, the Company's Board of Directors approved awards of restricted stock units under the Citizens, Inc. Omnibus Incentive Plan for non-employee directors and the executive management team totaling $10,500 per director and $976,000 in total to the executive management team. The grant date was February 15, 2018 with a one-year vesting schedule for the directors and a two-year vesting schedule for the executive management team. In addition, the Board also approved equity grants for 2018 not to exceed $1.2 million for other employees with a delegation to the CEO to determine the value to be awarded.

	Restricted Stock Units
	Units	Aggregate Fair Value (1)
Outstanding at January 1, 2018	—	$	—
Granted	148,883	1,070,500
Less:
Vested	—	—
Forfeited	1,460	10,497
Outstanding at June 30, 2018	147,423	$	1,060,003

⁽¹⁾ Fair value per share of restricted stock units on June 30, 2018 was equal to Grant Date fair value per share.

Restricted stock awards give the participant the right to receive common stock in the future, subject to certain restrictions and a risk of forfeiture. Compensation expense of $213,000 was recognized as of June 30, 2018 related to these awards.

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Related Party Transactions

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Related Party Transactions [Abstract]

Related Party Transactions

Related Party Transactions

The Company has various routine related party transactions in conjunction with our holding company structure, such as a management service agreement related to costs incurred, a tax sharing agreement between entities, and inter-company dividends and capital contributions.  There were no changes related to these relationships during the six months ended June 30, 2018.   See our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 for a comprehensive discussion of related party transactions.

In the first six months of 2018, CICA made a capital contribution to CNLIC of $450,000 and SPLIC made a capital contribution of $450,000 to MGLIC.

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Financial Statements (Policies)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation [Policy Text Block]

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts and operations of Citizens, Inc. ("Citizens"), a Colorado corporation, and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, CICA Life Insurance Company of America ("CICA"), Security Plan Life Insurance Company ("SPLIC"), Security Plan Fire Insurance Company ("SPFIC"), Citizens National Life Insurance Company ("CNLIC"), Magnolia Guaranty Life Insurance Company ("MGLIC"), Computing Technology, Inc. ("CTI"), Insurance Investors, Inc. ("III") and CICA Life Ltd. ("CICA Ltd.").  Citizens and its wholly-owned subsidiaries are collectively referred to as "the Company," "we," "us" or "our."

The consolidated statements of financial position as of June 30, 2018, the consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the three and six-months ended June 30, 2018 and June 30, 2017 and the consolidated statements of cash flows for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2018 and June 30, 2017, have been prepared by the Company without audit.  In the opinion of management, all normal and recurring adjustments to present fairly the financial position, results of operations, and changes in cash flows at June 30, 2018 and for comparative periods have been made.  The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("U.S. GAAP") for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).  Accordingly, the financial statements do not include all the information and footnotes required for complete financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements, and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.  Operating results for the interim periods disclosed herein are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for a full year or any future period.

We provide primarily life insurance and a small amount of health insurance policies through our insurance subsidiaries:  CICA, CICA Life Ltd, SPLIC, MGLIC and CNLIC.  Until the end of 2016, CICA and CNLIC issued ordinary whole-life policies, credit life and disability, burial insurance, pre-need policies, and accident and health related policies, throughout the Midwest and southern United States.  Beginning January 1, 2017, CICA and CNLIC ceased selling life products domestically. The Company is developing a new product strategy domestically and plans to re-enter the life market in 2019. Prior to July 1, 2018, CICA primarily issued ordinary whole-life and endowment policies to non-U.S. residents.  From and after July 1, 2018, CICA Ltd. will issue such policies. Effective on July 1, 2018, the Company effected a novation of all of the international policies issued by CICA to CICA Life Ltd. The Company is currently assessing the impact of the novation on the consolidated financial statements. SPLIC offers final expense and home service life insurance in Louisiana, Arkansas and Mississippi, and SPFIC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of SPLIC, writes a limited amount of property insurance in Louisiana. MGLIC provides industrial life policies through independent funeral homes in Mississippi.

CTI provides data processing systems and services, as well as furniture and equipment, to the Company.  III is currently not active. We plan to dissolve III and merge it into Citizens. CICA Ltd. is a newly established Bermuda entity that began operations in July 2018.

Use of Estimates, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements, in conformity with U.S. GAAP, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.

The most significant estimates include those used in the evaluation of other-than-temporary impairments on debt and equity securities, actuarially determined assets and liabilities and assumptions, tests of goodwill impairment, valuation allowance on deferred tax assets, valuation of uncertain tax positions and contingencies relating to litigation and regulatory matters.  Certain of these estimates are particularly sensitive to market conditions, and deterioration and/or volatility in the worldwide debt or equity markets could have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

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Accounting Pronouncements (Policies)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

New Accounting Pronouncements and Changes in Accounting Principles [Abstract]

New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Accounting Pronouncements

Accounting Standards Recently Adopted

On February 14, 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2018-02, Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income.  It allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income ("AOCI") to retained earnings of the stranded tax effects that occurred due to the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the "New Tax Act"). The updated guidance is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and is to be applied retrospectively to each period in which there are items impacted by the New Tax Act remaining in AOCI or at the beginning of the period of adoption. Early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted the updated guidance effective January 1, 2018 and elected to reclassify the income tax effects of the New Tax Act from AOCI to accumulated deficit as of January 1, 2018. This reclassification resulted in an increase in accumulated deficit of $4.7 million as of January 1, 2018 and an increase in AOCI by the same amount.

In January 2016, the FASB released ASU 2016-01, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. The updated guidance requires equity investments, except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting, that have readily determinable fair values to be measured at fair value with any changes in fair value recognized in net income. Equity securities that do not have readily determinable fair values may be measured at estimated fair value or cost less impairment, if any, adjusted for subsequent observable price changes, with changes in the carrying value recognized in net income. A qualitative assessment for impairment is required for equity investments without readily determinable fair values. The updated guidance also eliminates the requirement to disclose the method and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value of financial instruments measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet. The updated guidance was effective for the first quarter ended March 31, 2018. The adoption of this guidance resulted in the recognition of $560,000 of net after-tax unrealized gains on equity investments as a cumulative effect adjustment that decreased retained deficit as of January 1, 2018 and decreased AOCI by the same amount. The Company elected to report changes in the fair value of equity investments in realized investment gains (losses), net. At December 31, 2017, equity investments were classified as available-for-sale on the Company's balance sheet. However, upon adoption, the updated guidance eliminated the available-for-sale balance sheet classification for equity investments.

Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

The FASB’s new lease accounting standard ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), was issued on February 25, 2016. The ASU will require organizations that lease assets, referred to as “lessees”, to recognize on the balance sheet the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by those leases. The ASU also will require disclosures to help investors and other financial statement users better understand the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. These disclosures include qualitative and quantitative requirements, providing additional information about the amounts recorded in the financial statements. The accounting by organizations that own the assets leased by the lessee, also known as lessor accounting, will remain largely unchanged from current U.S. GAAP. However, the ASU contains some targeted improvements that are intended to align, where necessary, lessor accounting with the lessee accounting model and with the updated revenue recognition guidance issued in 2014. The ASU on leases will take effect for public companies for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is assessing the impact of this new standard.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326), with the main objective to provide financial statement users with more decision-useful information about the expected credit losses on financial instruments and other commitments to extend credit held by a reporting entity at each reporting date. The amendments in this ASU require a financial asset (or a group of financial assets) measured at amortized cost basis to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The allowance for credit losses is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of the financial asset(s) to present the net carrying value at the amount expected to be collected on the financial asset. The income statement reflects the measurement of credit losses for newly recognized financial assets, as well as the expected increases or decreases of expected credit losses that have taken place during the period. Credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities should be measured in a manner similar to current U.S. GAAP; however, the credit losses are recorded through an allowance for credit losses rather than as a write-down. This approach is an improvement to current U.S. GAAP because an entity will be able to record reversals of credit losses (in situations in which the estimate of credit losses declines) in current period net income, which in turn should align the income statement recognition of credit losses with the reporting period in which changes occur. Current U.S. GAAP prohibits reflecting those improvements in current-period earnings. For public business entities, the amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is evaluating the impact this guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements, but it is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-08, Receivables-Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20). The amendments in this ASU shorten the amortization period for certain callable debt securities held at a premium. Specifically, the amendments require the premium to be amortized to the earliest call date. The amendments do not require an accounting change for securities held at a discount; the discount continues to be amortized to maturity. The Company has a large portfolio of callable debt securities purchased at a premium. As such, the Company had already been amortizing the premium to the earliest call date to reduce volatility in earnings by eliminating reporting large realized losses when debt securities are called. For public business entities, the amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018.

No other new accounting pronouncement issued or effective during the fiscal year had, or is expected to have, a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

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Segment Information (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]

Schedule of Segment Reporting Information, by Segment [Table Text Block]

The Company's Other Non-Insurance enterprises are the only reportable difference between segments and consolidated operations.

	Three Months Ended
	June 30, 2018
	Life Insurance			Home Service Insurance		Other Non-Insurance Enterprises		Consolidated
	(In thousands)
Revenues:
Premiums	$	34,393		11,737		—		46,130
Net investment income	10,139			3,316		356		13,811
Realized investment losses, net	(24		)	(151	)	(3	)	(178	)
Other income	79			—		—		79
Total revenue	44,587			14,902		353		59,842
Benefits and expenses:
Insurance benefits paid or provided:
Claims and surrenders	15,019			5,598		—		20,617
Increase in future policy benefit reserves	15,383			1,172		—		16,555
Policyholders' dividends	1,605			9		—		1,614
Total insurance benefits paid or provided	32,007			6,779		—		38,786
Commissions	4,777			3,892		—		8,669
Other general expenses	6,908			5,392		2,166		14,466
Capitalization of deferred policy acquisition costs	(4,150		)	(1,490	)	—		(5,640	)
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs	6,240			960		—		7,200
Amortization of cost of customer relationships acquired	132			340		—		472
Total benefits and expenses	45,914			15,873		2,166		63,953
Loss before income tax expense	$	(1,327	)	(971	)	(1,813	)	(4,111	)

	Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2018
	Life Insurance			Home Service Insurance		Other Non-Insurance Enterprises		Consolidated
	(In thousands)
Revenues:
Premiums	$	66,753		23,406		—		90,159
Net investment income	20,269			6,618		695		27,582
Realized investment losses, net	(209		)	(503	)	(41	)	(753	)
Other income (loss)	288			(1	)	—		287
Total revenue	87,101			29,520		654		117,275
Benefits and expenses:
Insurance benefits paid or provided:
Claims and surrenders	30,310			11,458		—		41,768
Increase in future policy benefit reserves	28,965			2,198		—		31,163
Policyholders' dividends	2,902			19		—		2,921
Total insurance benefits paid or provided	62,177			13,675		—		75,852
Commissions	10,005			7,623		—		17,628
Other general expenses	6,024			10,936		4,013		20,973
Capitalization of deferred policy acquisition costs	(8,790		)	(2,813	)	—		(11,603	)
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs	12,780			2,026		—		14,806
Amortization of cost of customer relationships acquired	284			867		—		1,151
Total benefits and expenses	82,480			32,314		4,013		118,807
Income (loss) before income tax expense	$	4,621		(2,794	)	(3,359	)	(1,532	)

	Three Months Ended
	June 30, 2017
	Life Insurance			Home Service Insurance		Other Non-Insurance Enterprises		Consolidated
	(In thousands)
Revenues:
Premiums	$	35,960		11,779		—		47,739
Net investment income	9,496			3,250		327		13,073
Realized investment gains (losses), net	(141		)	24		—		(117	)
Other income (loss)	177			3		(23	)	157
Total revenue	45,492			15,056		304		60,852
Benefits and expenses:
Insurance benefits paid or provided:
Claims and surrenders	13,842			5,110		—		18,952
Increase in future policy benefit reserves	16,513			1,307		—		17,820
Policyholders' dividends	1,490			11		—		1,501
Total insurance benefits paid or provided	31,845			6,428		—		38,273
Commissions	5,866			4,028		—		9,894
Other general expenses	4,327			4,299		729		9,355
Capitalization of deferred policy acquisition costs	(5,223		)	(1,660	)	—		(6,883	)
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs	6,613			1,029		—		7,642
Amortization of cost of customer relationships acquired	144			331		—		475
Total benefits and expenses	43,572			14,455		729		58,756
Income (loss) before income tax expense	$	1,920		601		(425	)	2,096

	Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2017
	Life Insurance			Home Service Insurance		Other Non-Insurance Enterprises		Consolidated
	(In thousands)
Revenues:
Premiums	$	69,523		23,597		—		93,120
Net investment income	18,627			6,509		676		25,812
Realized investment gains (losses), net	(64		)	1,210		—		1,146
Other income	295			2		58		355
Total revenue	88,381			31,318		734		120,433
Benefits and expenses:
Insurance benefits paid or provided:
Claims and surrenders	29,518			11,158		—		40,676
Increase in future policy benefit reserves	29,773			2,583		—		32,356
Policyholders' dividends	2,785			20		—		2,805
Total insurance benefits paid or provided	62,076			13,761		—		75,837
Commissions	11,873			7,946		—		19,819
Other general expenses	8,199			9,157		2,155		19,511
Capitalization of deferred policy acquisition costs	(10,601		)	(3,183	)	—		(13,784	)
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs	12,919			2,098		—		15,017
Amortization of cost of customer relationships acquired	316			678		—		994
Total benefits and expenses	84,782			30,457		2,155		117,394
Income (loss) before income tax expense	$	3,599		861		(1,421	)	3,039

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Earnings Per Share (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Earnings Per Share, Diluted, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items]

Schedule of Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted [Table Text Block]

The following tables set forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share.

	Three Months Ended
	June 30, 2018			June 30, 2017
	(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Basic and diluted earnings per share:
Numerator:
Net income (loss)	$	(2,558	)	572
Net income (loss) allocated to Class A common stock	$	(2,532	)	566
Net income (loss) allocated to Class B common stock	(26		)	6
Net income (loss)	$	(2,558	)	572
Denominator:
Weighted average shares of Class A outstanding - basic	49,080			49,080
Weighted average shares of Class A outstanding - diluted	49,109			49,080
Weighted average shares of Class B outstanding - basic and diluted	1,002			1,002
Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock	$	(0.05	)	0.01
Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share of Class B common stock	(0.03		)	0.01

	Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2018			June 30, 2017
	(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Basic and diluted earnings per share:
Numerator:
Net income (loss)	$	(2,521	)	2,628
Net income (loss) allocated to Class A common stock	$	(2,496	)	2,601
Net income (loss) allocated to Class B common stock	(25		)	27
Net income (loss)	$	(2,521	)	2,628
Denominator:
Weighted average shares of Class A outstanding - basic	49,080			49,080
Weighted average shares of Class A outstanding - diluted	49,109			49,080
Weighted average shares of Class B outstanding - basic and diluted	1,002			1,002
Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock	$	(0.05	)	0.05
Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share of Class B common stock	(0.03		)	0.03

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Investments (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Investments Including Short Term And Cash And Cash Equivalents [Abstract]

Investments Including Short Term And Cash And Cash Equivalents [Table Text Block]

The Company invests primarily in fixed maturity securities, which totaled 88.0% of total cash, cash equivalents and investments at June 30, 2018. The Company's cash, cash equivalents and investments are listed below.

	June 30, 2018			December 31, 2017
	Carrying Value		% of Total Carrying Value	Carrying Value		% of Total Carrying Value
	(In thousands)			(In thousands)
Fixed maturity securities	$	1,190,965	88.0	$	1,208,570	89.3
Equity securities	15,372		1.1	16,164		1.2
Mortgage loans	190		—	195		—
Policy loans	77,577		5.7	73,735		5.5
Real estate and other long-term investments	7,286		0.5	7,452		0.6
Cash and cash equivalents	63,333		4.7	46,064		3.4
Total cash, cash equivalents and investments	$	1,354,723	100.0	$	1,352,180	100.0

Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Investments [Abstract]

Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Investments [Table Text Block]

The following tables represent the cost, gross unrealized gains and losses and fair value for fixed maturities as of the periods indicated.

	June 30, 2018
	Cost or Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains	Gross Unrealized Losses	Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Fixed maturities:
Available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury securities	$	9,824	1,500	—	11,324
U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises	3,558		741	—	4,299
States and political subdivisions	550,700		12,009	3,170	559,539
Foreign governments	103		16	—	119
Corporate	402,213		9,353	11,994	399,572
Residential mortgage-backed	1,520		81	3	1,598
Total available-for-sale securities	967,918		23,700	15,167	976,451
Held-to-maturity securities:
States and political subdivisions	198,439		5,112	772	202,779
Corporate	16,075		531	611	15,995
Total held-to-maturity securities	214,514		5,643	1,383	218,774
Total fixed maturities	$	1,182,432	29,343	16,550	1,195,225

	December 31, 2017
	Cost or Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains	Gross Unrealized Losses	Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Fixed maturities:
Available-for-sale securities:
U.S. Treasury securities	$	9,860	1,948	—	11,808
U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises	3,570		926	—	4,496
States and political subdivisions	550,536		18,507	1,540	567,503
Foreign governments	103		18	—	121
Corporate	370,043		20,212	1,552	388,703
Residential mortgage-backed	1,865		118	5	1,978
Total available-for-sale securities	935,977		41,729	3,097	974,609
Held-to-maturity securities:
States and political subdivisions	213,054		7,585	629	220,010
Corporate	20,907		1,118	658	21,367
Total held-to-maturity securities	233,961		8,703	1,287	241,377
Total fixed maturity securities	$	1,169,938	50,432	4,384	1,215,986

Marketable Securities, Equity Securities [Abstract]

Schedule of Equity Securities [Table Text Block]

The majority of the Company's equity securities are diversified stock and bond mutual funds.

	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
	Fair Value		Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Equity securities:
Stock mutual funds	$	3,112	3,217
Bond mutual funds	12,094		12,367
Common stock	23		24
Preferred stock	143		556
Total equity securities	$	15,372	16,164

Unrealized Continuous Losses on Investments [Abstract]

Schedule of Unrealized Loss on Investments [Table Text Block]

The following tables present the fair values and gross unrealized losses of fixed maturity securities that have remained in a continuous unrealized loss position for the periods indicated.

	June 30, 2018
	Less than 12 months				Greater than 12 months			Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses	# of Securities	Fair Value	Unrealized Losses	# of Securities	Fair Value	Unrealized Losses	# of Securities
	(In thousands, except for # of securities)
Fixed maturities:
Available-for-sale securities:
States and political subdivisions	$	174,912	1,683	164	53,199	1,487	44	228,111	3,170	208
Corporate	258,469		10,359	174	13,178	1,635	10	271,647	11,994	184
Residential mortgage-backed	20		1	4	152	2	4	172	3	8
Total available-for-sale securities	433,401		12,043	342	66,529	3,124	58	499,930	15,167	400
Held-to-maturity securities:
States and political subdivisions	34,296		203	34	7,107	569	11	41,403	772	45
Corporate	568		3	1	2,206	608	2	2,774	611	3
Total held-to-maturity securities	34,864		206	35	9,313	1,177	13	44,177	1,383	48
Total fixed maturities	$	468,265	12,249	377	75,842	4,301	71	544,107	16,550	448

As of June 30, 2018, the Company had 58 available-for-sale fixed maturity securities and 13 held-to-maturity fixed maturity securities that were in an unrealized loss position for greater than 12 months.

	December 31, 2017
	Less than 12 months				Greater than 12 months			Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses	# of Securities	Fair Value	Unrealized Losses	# of Securities	Fair Value	Unrealized Losses	# of Securities
	(In thousands, except for # of securities)
Fixed maturities:
Available-for-sale securities:
States and political subdivisions	$	49,408	312	46	47,233	1,228	46	96,641	1,540	92
Corporate	61,071		732	39	7,651	820	10	68,722	1,552	49
Residential mortgage-backed	132		3	4	157	2	4	289	5	8
Total available-for-sale securities	110,611		1,047	89	55,041	2,050	60	165,652	3,097	149
Held-to-maturity securities:
States and political subdivisions	14,178		45	15	7,460	584	14	21,638	629	29
Corporate	—		—	—	2,169	658	2	2,169	658	2
Total held-to-maturity securities	14,178		45	15	9,629	1,242	16	23,807	1,287	31
Total fixed maturities	$	124,789	1,092	104	64,670	3,292	76	189,459	4,384	180
Equity securities:
Redeemable preferred stock	95		6	1	—	—	—	95	6	1
Total equity securities	$	95	6	1	—	—	—	95	6	1

Available-for-sale Securities, Gross Realized Gain (Loss) [Abstract]

Schedule of Realized Gain (Loss) [Table Text Block]

The Company uses the specific identification method of the individual security to determine the cost basis used in the calculation of realized gains and losses related to security sales.  

	Fixed Maturities, Available-for-Sale					Equity Securities
	Three Months Ended			Six Months Ended		Three Months Ended		Six Months Ended
	June 30,			June 30,		June 30,		June 30,
	2018		2017	2018	2017	2018	2017	2018	2017
	(In thousands)
Proceeds	$	—	—	—	508	—	—	—	1,940
Gross realized gains	$	—	—	—	6	—	—	—	—
Gross realized losses	$	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	30

Schedule of Fixed Maturities [Abstract]

Investments Classified by Contractual Maturity Date [Table Text Block]

The amortized cost and fair value of fixed maturity securities at June 30, 2018 by contractual maturity are shown in the table below.  Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Securities not due at a single maturity date have been reflected based upon final stated maturity.

	June 30, 2018
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Available-for-sale securities:
Due in one year or less	$	30,664	30,737
Due after one year through five years	107,702		111,166
Due after five years through ten years	182,804		185,086
Due after ten years	646,748		649,462
Total available-for-sale securities	967,918		976,451
Held-to-maturity securities:
Due in one year or less	9,126		9,137
Due after one year through five years	41,986		42,761
Due after five years through ten years	49,031		49,612
Due after ten years	114,371		117,264
Total held-to-maturity securities	214,514		218,774
Total fixed maturities	$	1,182,432	1,195,225

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Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]

Schedule of Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis [Table Text Block]

The following tables set forth our assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of the dates indicated.

	June 30, 2018
Financial Assets	Level 1		Level 2	Level 3	Total Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Available-for-sale investments
Fixed maturities:
U.S. Treasury and U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises	$	11,324	4,299	—	15,623
States and political subdivisions	—		559,539	—	559,539
Corporate	406		399,166	—	399,572
Residential mortgage-backed	—		1,598	—	1,598
Foreign governments	—		119	—	119
Total fixed maturities available-for-sale	11,730		964,721	—	976,451
Equity securities
Stock mutual funds	3,112		—	—	3,112
Bond mutual funds	12,094		—	—	12,094
Common stock	23		—	—	23
Non-redeemable preferred stock	143		—	—	143
Total equity securities	15,372		—	—	15,372
Total financial assets	$	27,102	964,721	—	991,823

	December 31, 2017
Financial Assets	Level 1		Level 2	Level 3	Total Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Available-for-sale investments
Fixed maturities:
U.S. Treasury and U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises	$	11,808	4,496	—	16,304
States and political subdivisions	—		567,503	—	567,503
Corporate	—		388,703	—	388,703
Residential mortgage-backed	—		1,978	—	1,978
Foreign governments	—		121	—	121
Total fixed maturities available-for-sale	11,808		962,801	—	974,609
Equity securities
Stock mutual funds	3,217		—	—	3,217
Bond mutual funds	12,367		—	—	12,367
Common stock	24		—	—	24
Preferred stock	556		—	—	556
Total equity securities	16,164		—	—	16,164
Total financial assets	$	27,972	962,801	—	990,773

Fair Value, by Balance Sheet Grouping [Table Text Block]

The carrying amount and fair value for the financial assets and liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets not otherwise disclosed for the periods indicated are as follows:

	June 30, 2018			December 31, 2017
	Carrying Value		Fair Value	Carrying Value	Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Financial assets:
Fixed maturities, held-to-maturity	$	214,514	218,774	233,961	241,377
Mortgage loans	190		225	195	228
Policy loans	77,577		77,577	73,735	73,735
Cash and cash equivalents	63,333		63,333	46,064	46,064
Financial liabilities:
Annuity - investment contracts	56,025		54,125	55,035	57,575

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Short Duration Contracts (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Short Duration Contracts [Abstract]

Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Claims Development [Table Text Block]

The following table presents information on changes in the liability for credit life, credit disability, and property policy and contract claims for the periods ended June 30, 2018 and June 30, 2017.

	June 30,
	2018			2017
	(In thousands)
Policy claims payable at January 1,	$	570		543
Less:  reinsurance recoverable	—			—
Net balance at January 1,	570			543
Add claims incurred, related to:
Current year	977			1,046
Prior years	(152		)	(10	)
	825			1,036
Deduct claims paid, related to:
Current year	701			758
Prior years	305			377
	1,006			1,135
Net balance June 30,	389			444
Plus:  reinsurance recoverable	—			—
Policy claims payable, June 30,	$	389		444

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Stock Compensation Stock Compensation (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Stock Compensation [Abstract]

Schedule of Share-based Compensation, Restricted Stock Units Award Activity [Table Text Block]

	Restricted Stock Units
	Units	Aggregate Fair Value (1)
Outstanding at January 1, 2018	—	$	—
Granted	148,883	1,070,500
Less:
Vested	—	—
Forfeited	1,460	10,497
Outstanding at June 30, 2018	147,423	$	1,060,003

⁽¹⁾ Fair value per share of restricted stock units on June 30, 2018 was equal to Grant Date fair value per share.

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Accounting Pronouncements (Details) - USD ($)	Jan. 01, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
New Accounting Pronouncements and Changes in Accounting Principles [Abstract]
Tax Cuts And Jobs Act Of 2017 Reclassification From AOCI To Retained Earnings Tax Effect	$ 4,700,000
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Cumulative Effect of New Accounting Principle in Period of Adoption		$ 0
Accounting Standards Update 2016-01 [Member]
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Cumulative Effect of New Accounting Principle in Period of Adoption	$ 560,000

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Segment Information (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2017 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2017 USD ($)
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Number of reportable segments			2
Segment reporting, measurement differences between segment and consolidated income (loss)			The Company's Other Non-Insurance enterprises are the only reportable difference between segments and consolidated operations.
Premiums	$ 46,130	$ 47,739	$ 90,159	$ 93,120
Net investment income	13,811	13,073	27,582	25,812
Realized investment gains (losses), net	(178)	(117)	(753)	1,146
Other income	79	157	287	355
Total revenue	59,842	60,852	117,275	120,433
Claims and surrenders	20,617	18,952	41,768	40,676
Increase in future policy benefit reserves	16,555	17,820	31,163	32,356
Policyholders' dividends	1,614	1,501	2,921	2,805
Total insurance benefits paid or provided	38,786	38,273	75,852	75,837
Commissions	8,669	9,894	17,628	19,819
Other general expenses	14,466	9,355	20,973	19,511
Capitalization of deferred policy acquisition costs	(5,640)	(6,883)	(11,603)	(13,784)
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs	7,200	7,642	14,806	15,017
Amortization of cost of customer relationships acquired	472	475	1,151	994
Total benefits and expenses	63,953	58,756	118,807	117,394
Income (loss) before income tax expense	(4,111)	2,096	(1,532)	3,039
Life Insurance Segment [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Premiums	34,393	35,960	66,753	69,523
Net investment income	10,139	9,496	20,269	18,627
Realized investment gains (losses), net	(24)	(141)	(209)	(64)
Other income	79	177	288	295
Total revenue	44,587	45,492	87,101	88,381
Claims and surrenders	15,019	13,842	30,310	29,518
Increase in future policy benefit reserves	15,383	16,513	28,965	29,773
Policyholders' dividends	1,605	1,490	2,902	2,785
Total insurance benefits paid or provided	32,007	31,845	62,177	62,076
Commissions	4,777	5,866	10,005	11,873
Other general expenses	6,908	4,327	6,024	8,199
Capitalization of deferred policy acquisition costs	(4,150)	(5,223)	(8,790)	(10,601)
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs	6,240	6,613	12,780	12,919
Amortization of cost of customer relationships acquired	132	144	284	316
Total benefits and expenses	45,914	43,572	82,480	84,782
Income (loss) before income tax expense	(1,327)	1,920	4,621	3,599
Home Service Insurance Segment [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Premiums	11,737	11,779	23,406	23,597
Net investment income	3,316	3,250	6,618	6,509
Realized investment gains (losses), net	(151)	24	(503)	1,210
Other income	0	3	(1)	2
Total revenue	14,902	15,056	29,520	31,318
Claims and surrenders	5,598	5,110	11,458	11,158
Increase in future policy benefit reserves	1,172	1,307	2,198	2,583
Policyholders' dividends	9	11	19	20
Total insurance benefits paid or provided	6,779	6,428	13,675	13,761
Commissions	3,892	4,028	7,623	7,946
Other general expenses	5,392	4,299	10,936	9,157
Capitalization of deferred policy acquisition costs	(1,490)	(1,660)	(2,813)	(3,183)
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs	960	1,029	2,026	2,098
Amortization of cost of customer relationships acquired	340	331	867	678
Total benefits and expenses	15,873	14,455	32,314	30,457
Income (loss) before income tax expense	(971)	601	(2,794)	861
Other Non-Insurance Enterprise [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Premiums	0	0	0	0
Net investment income	356	327	695	676
Realized investment gains (losses), net	(3)	0	(41)	0
Other income	0	(23)	0	58
Total revenue	353	304	654	734
Claims and surrenders	0	0	0	0
Increase in future policy benefit reserves	0	0	0	0
Policyholders' dividends	0	0	0	0
Total insurance benefits paid or provided	0	0	0	0
Commissions	0	0	0	0
Other general expenses	2,166	729	4,013	2,155
Capitalization of deferred policy acquisition costs	0	0	0	0
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs	0	0	0	0
Amortization of cost of customer relationships acquired	0	0	0	0
Total benefits and expenses	2,166	729	4,013	2,155
Income (loss) before income tax expense	$ (1,813)	$ (425)	$ (3,359)	$ (1,421)

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Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017
Earnings Per Share, Diluted, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items]
Net income (loss)	$ (2,558)	$ 572	$ (2,521)	$ 2,628
Net Income Allocated to Class A Common Stock	(2,532)	566	(2,496)	2,601
Net Income Allocated to Class B Common Stock	$ (26)	$ 6	$ (25)	$ 27
Common Stock Class A [Member]
Earnings Per Share, Diluted, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items]
Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Basic	49,080	49,080	49,080	49,080
Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Diluted	49,109	49,080	49,109	49,080
Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted	$ (0.05)	$ 0.01	$ (0.05)	$ 0.05
Common Stock Class B [Member]
Earnings Per Share, Diluted, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items]
Weighted Average Shares Outstanding, Basic and Diluted	1,002	1,002	1,002	1,002
Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted	$ (0.03)	$ 0.01	$ (0.03)	$ 0.03

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Investments Cash, Cash Equivalents and Investments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]
Fixed maturity securities	$ 1,190,965	$ 1,208,570
Fixed maturity securities percent	88.00%	89.30%
Equity security	$ 15,372
Equity Securities		$ 16,164
Equity securities percent	1.10%	1.20%
Mortgage loans	$ 190	$ 195
Mortgage loans percent	0.00%	0.00%
Policy loans	$ 77,577	$ 73,735
Policy loans percent	5.70%	5.50%
Real estate and other long-term investments	$ 7,286	$ 7,452
Real estate and other long-term investments percent	0.50%	0.60%
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 63,333	$ 46,064	$ 33,749	$ 35,510
Cash and cash equivalents percent	4.70%	3.40%
Total cash, cash equivalents and investments	$ 1,354,723	$ 1,352,180
Total cash, cash equivalents and investments percent	100.00%	100.00%

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Investments Gross Unrealized Gains and Losses (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2017 USD ($)
Gross Unrealized Gains and Losses [Line Items]
Number of Equity Securities Sold	0	0	0	1
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Amortized Cost Basis [Abstract]
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Amortized Cost Basis	$ 967,918		$ 967,918		$ 935,977
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax	23,700		23,700		41,729
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax	15,167		15,167		3,097
Available-for-sale Securities, Debt Securities	976,451		976,451		974,609
Held-to-maturity Securities [Abstract]
Held-to-maturity securities	214,514		214,514		233,961
Held-to-maturity Securities, Accumulated Unrecognized Holding Gain	5,643		5,643		8,703
Held-to-maturity Securities, Accumulated Unrecognized Holding Loss	1,383		1,383		1,287
Fixed maturities held-to-maturity, fair value	218,774		218,774		241,377
Total Fixed Maturity Securities, Amortized Cost	1,182,432		1,182,432		1,169,938
Debt Securities, Accumulative Gross Unrealized and Unrecognized Gains	29,343		29,343		50,432
Debt Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized and Unrecognized Losses	16,550		16,550		4,384
Total Fixed Maturity Securities, Fair Value	1,195,225		1,195,225		1,215,986
Debt Securities [Member]
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Amortized Cost Basis [Abstract]
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax	15,167		15,167		3,097
Held-to-maturity Securities [Abstract]
Held-to-maturity Securities, Accumulated Unrecognized Holding Loss	1,383		1,383		1,287
US Treasury Securities [Member]
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Amortized Cost Basis [Abstract]
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Amortized Cost Basis	9,824		9,824		9,860
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax	1,500		1,500		1,948
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax	0		0		0
Available-for-sale Securities, Debt Securities	11,324		11,324		11,808
US Government Agencies Debt Securities [Member]
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Amortized Cost Basis [Abstract]
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Amortized Cost Basis	3,558		3,558		3,570
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax	741		741		926
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax	0		0		0
Available-for-sale Securities, Debt Securities	4,299		4,299		4,496
US States and Political Subdivisions Debt Securities [Member]
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Amortized Cost Basis [Abstract]
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Amortized Cost Basis	550,700		550,700		550,536
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax	12,009		12,009		18,507
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax	3,170		3,170		1,540
Available-for-sale Securities, Debt Securities	559,539		559,539		567,503
Held-to-maturity Securities [Abstract]
Held-to-maturity securities	198,439		198,439		213,054
Held-to-maturity Securities, Accumulated Unrecognized Holding Gain	5,112		5,112		7,585
Held-to-maturity Securities, Accumulated Unrecognized Holding Loss	772		772		629
Fixed maturities held-to-maturity, fair value	202,779		202,779		220,010
Foreign Government Debt Securities [Member]
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Amortized Cost Basis [Abstract]
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Amortized Cost Basis	103		103		103
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax	16		16		18
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax	0		0		0
Available-for-sale Securities, Debt Securities	119		119		121
Corporate Debt Securities [Member]
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Amortized Cost Basis [Abstract]
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Amortized Cost Basis	402,213		402,213		370,043
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax	9,353		9,353		20,212
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax	11,994		11,994		1,552
Available-for-sale Securities, Debt Securities	399,572		399,572		388,703
Held-to-maturity Securities [Abstract]
Held-to-maturity securities	16,075		16,075		20,907
Held-to-maturity Securities, Accumulated Unrecognized Holding Gain	531		531		1,118
Held-to-maturity Securities, Accumulated Unrecognized Holding Loss	611		611		658
Fixed maturities held-to-maturity, fair value	15,995		15,995		21,367
Residential Mortgage Backed Securities [Member]
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Amortized Cost Basis [Abstract]
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Amortized Cost Basis	1,520		1,520		1,865
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax	81		81		118
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax	3		3		5
Available-for-sale Securities, Debt Securities	$ 1,598		$ 1,598		$ 1,978

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Investments Marketable Securities, Equity Securities (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2017
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Equity security	$ 15,372,000		$ 15,372,000
Realized investment gains (losses), net	(178,000)	$ (117,000)	(753,000)	$ 1,146,000
Available-for-sale securities	976,451,000		976,451,000
Stock Mutual Funds [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Equity security	3,112,000		3,112,000
Available-for-sale securities					$ 3,217,000
Bond Mutual Funds [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Equity security	12,094,000		12,094,000
Available-for-sale securities					12,367,000
Common stock [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Equity security	23,000		23,000
Available-for-sale securities					24,000
Nonredeemable Preferred Stock [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Equity security	143,000		143,000
Redeemable Preferred Stock [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities					556,000
Equity Securities [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Equity security	15,372,000		15,372,000
Realized investment gains (losses), net	$ 86,009		$ 388,061
Available-for-sale securities					$ 16,164,000

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Investments Unrealized Losses Less Than and Greater Than 12 Months (Details)	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2017 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2017 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2017 USD ($)
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax	$ 15,167,000		$ 15,167,000		$ 3,097,000
Held-to-maturity Securities, Accumulated Unrecognized Holding Loss	1,383,000		1,383,000		1,287,000
Debt Securities In Continuous Loss Less Than 12 Months Fair Value	468,265,000		468,265,000		124,789,000
Debt Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for Less Than 12 Months	$ 12,249,000		$ 12,249,000		$ 1,092,000
Debt Securities In Unrealized Loss Positions Qualitative Disclosure, Number Of Positions, Less Than 12 Months	377		377		104
Debt Securities In Continuous Loss Position 12 Months Or Longer, Fair Value	$ 75,842,000		$ 75,842,000		$ 64,670,000
Debt Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for Greater Than 12 Months	$ 4,301,000		$ 4,301,000		$ 3,292,000
Debt Securities In Unrealized Loss Positions Qualitative Disclosure, Number Of Positions,12 Months Or Greater	71		71		76
Debt Securities In Continuous Loss Position, Aggregate Fair Value	$ 544,107,000		$ 544,107,000		$ 189,459,000
Debt Securities, Gross Unrealized and Unrecognized Losses	$ 16,550,000		$ 16,550,000		$ 4,384,000
Debt Securities In Unrealized Loss Positions Qualitative Disclosure, Number Of Positions	448		448		180
Other than Temporary Impairment Losses, Investments, Portion Recognized in Earnings, Net	$ 0	$ 0
Other than temporary impairments Losses, Investments, Portion Not Recognized in Earnings			$ 0		$ 0
US States and Political Subdivisions Debt Securities [Member]
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than Twelve Months, Fair Value	174,912,000		174,912,000		49,408,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss	$ 1,683,000		$ 1,683,000		$ 312,000
Available-for-sale, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions, Less than One Year	164		164		46
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Twelve Months or Longer, Fair Value	$ 53,199,000		$ 53,199,000		$ 47,233,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss	$ 1,487,000		$ 1,487,000		$ 1,228,000
Available-for-sale, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions, Greater than or Equal to One Year	44		44		46
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value	$ 228,111,000		$ 228,111,000		$ 96,641,000
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax	$ 3,170,000		$ 3,170,000		$ 1,540,000
Available-for-sale, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions	208		208		92
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than Twelve Months, Fair Value	$ 34,296,000		$ 34,296,000		$ 14,178,000
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss	$ 203,000		$ 203,000		$ 45,000
Number of Held to Maturity Securities In Continuous Loss Position Less Than 12 Months	34		34		15
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Twelve Months or Longer, Fair Value	$ 7,107,000		$ 7,107,000		$ 7,460,000
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss	$ 569,000		$ 569,000		$ 584,000
Number of Held to Maturity Securities In Continuous Loss Position 12 Months or Greater	11		11		14
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value	$ 41,403,000		$ 41,403,000		$ 21,638,000
Held-to-maturity Securities, Accumulated Unrecognized Holding Loss	$ 772,000		$ 772,000		$ 629,000
Held-to-maturity, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions	45		45		29
Corporate Debt Securities [Member]
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than Twelve Months, Fair Value	$ 258,469,000		$ 258,469,000		$ 61,071,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss	$ 10,359,000		$ 10,359,000		$ 732,000
Available-for-sale, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions, Less than One Year	174		174		39
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Twelve Months or Longer, Fair Value	$ 13,178,000		$ 13,178,000		$ 7,651,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss	$ 1,635,000		$ 1,635,000		$ 820,000
Available-for-sale, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions, Greater than or Equal to One Year	10		10		10
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value	$ 271,647,000		$ 271,647,000		$ 68,722,000
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax	$ 11,994,000		$ 11,994,000		$ 1,552,000
Available-for-sale, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions	184		184		49
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than Twelve Months, Fair Value	$ 568,000		$ 568,000		$ 0
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss	$ 3,000		$ 3,000		$ 0
Number of Held to Maturity Securities In Continuous Loss Position Less Than 12 Months	1		1		0
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Twelve Months or Longer, Fair Value	$ 2,206,000		$ 2,206,000		$ 2,169,000
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss	$ 608,000		$ 608,000		$ 658,000
Number of Held to Maturity Securities In Continuous Loss Position 12 Months or Greater	2		2		2
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value	$ 2,774,000		$ 2,774,000		$ 2,169,000
Held-to-maturity Securities, Accumulated Unrecognized Holding Loss	$ 611,000		$ 611,000		$ 658,000
Held-to-maturity, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions	3		3		2
Residential Mortgage Backed Securities [Member]
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than Twelve Months, Fair Value	$ 20,000		$ 20,000		$ 132,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss	$ 1,000		$ 1,000		$ 3,000
Available-for-sale, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions, Less than One Year	4		4		4
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Twelve Months or Longer, Fair Value	$ 152,000		$ 152,000		$ 157,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss	$ 2,000		$ 2,000		$ 2,000
Available-for-sale, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions, Greater than or Equal to One Year	4		4		4
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value	$ 172,000		$ 172,000		$ 289,000
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax	$ 3,000		$ 3,000		$ 5,000
Available-for-sale, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions	8		8		8
Debt Securities [Member]
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than Twelve Months, Fair Value	$ 433,401,000		$ 433,401,000		$ 110,611,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss	$ 12,043,000		$ 12,043,000		$ 1,047,000
Available-for-sale, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions, Less than One Year	342		342		89
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Twelve Months or Longer, Fair Value	$ 66,529,000		$ 66,529,000		$ 55,041,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss	$ 3,124,000		$ 3,124,000		$ 2,050,000
Available-for-sale, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions, Greater than or Equal to One Year	58		58		60
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value	$ 499,930,000		$ 499,930,000		$ 165,652,000
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax	$ 15,167,000		$ 15,167,000		$ 3,097,000
Available-for-sale, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions	400		400		149
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than Twelve Months, Fair Value	$ 34,864,000		$ 34,864,000		$ 14,178,000
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss	$ 206,000		$ 206,000		$ 45,000
Number of Held to Maturity Securities In Continuous Loss Position Less Than 12 Months	35		35		15
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Twelve Months or Longer, Fair Value	$ 9,313,000		$ 9,313,000		$ 9,629,000
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss	$ 1,177,000		$ 1,177,000		$ 1,242,000
Number of Held to Maturity Securities In Continuous Loss Position 12 Months or Greater	13		13		16
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value	$ 44,177,000		$ 44,177,000		$ 23,807,000
Held-to-maturity Securities, Accumulated Unrecognized Holding Loss	$ 1,383,000		$ 1,383,000		$ 1,287,000
Held-to-maturity, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions	48		48		31
Other than Temporary Impairment Losses, Investments, Portion Recognized in Earnings, Net			$ 225,000
Number of debt securities impaired			1
Redeemable Preferred Stock [Member]
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than Twelve Months, Fair Value					$ 95,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss					$ 6,000
Available-for-sale, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions, Less than One Year					1
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Twelve Months or Longer, Fair Value					$ 0
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss					$ 0
Available-for-sale, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions, Greater than or Equal to One Year					0
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value					$ 95,000
Available-for-sale Equity Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax					$ 6,000
Available-for-sale, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions					1
Equity Securities [Member]
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than Twelve Months, Fair Value					$ 95,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss					$ 6,000
Available-for-sale, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions, Less than One Year					1
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Twelve Months or Longer, Fair Value					$ 0
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss					$ 0
Available-for-sale, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions, Greater than or Equal to One Year					0
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value					$ 95,000
Available-for-sale Equity Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax					$ 6,000
Available-for-sale, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions					1
Other than Temporary Impairment Losses, Investments, Portion Recognized in Earnings, Net				$ 17,000
Number of equity securities impaired				1

XML

Investments Maturity Distribution of Debt Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Available-for-sale Securities, Debt Maturities, Amortized Cost Basis, Fiscal Year Maturity [Abstract]
Available-for-sale Securities, Debt Maturities, Due in One Year or Less, Amortized Cost Basis	$ 30,664
Available-for-sale Securities, Debt Maturities, Due After One Year Through Five Years, Amortized Cost Basis	107,702
Available-for-sale Securities, Debt Maturities, Due After Five Years Through Ten Years, Amortized Cost Basis	182,804
Available-for-sale Securities, Debt Maturities, Due After Ten Years, Amortized Cost Basis	646,748
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Amortized Cost Basis	967,918	$ 935,977
Available-for-sale Securities, Debt Maturities, Fair Value, Fiscal Year Maturity [Abstract]
Available-for-sale Securities, Debt Maturities, Due in One Year or Less, Fair Value	30,737
Available-for-sale Securities, Debt Maturities, Due After One Year Through Five Years, Fair Value	111,166
Available-for-sale Securities, Debt Maturities, Due After Five Years Through Ten Years, Fair Value	185,086
Available-for-sale Securities, Debt Maturities, Due After Ten Years, Fair Value	649,462
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Fair Value	976,451
Held-to-maturity Securities, Debt Maturities, Net Carrying Amount [Abstract]
Held-to-maturity Securities, Debt Maturities, Due in One Year or Less, Amortized Cost Basis	9,126
Held-to-maturity Securities, Debt Maturities, Due After One Year Through Five Years, Amortized Cost Basis	41,986
Held-to-maturity Securities, Debt Maturities, Due After Five Years Through Ten Years, Amortized Cost Basis	49,031
Held-to-maturity Securities, Debt Maturities, Due After Ten Years, Amortized Cost Basis	114,371
Held-to-maturity securities	214,514	233,961
Held-to-maturity Securities, Debt Maturities, Fair Value, Fiscal Year Maturity [Abstract]
Held-to-maturity Securities, Debt Maturities, Due in One Year or Less, Fair Value	9,137
Held-to-maturity Securities, Debt Maturities, Due After One Year Through Five Years, Fair Value	42,761
Held-to-maturity Securities, Debt Maturities, Due After Five Years Through Ten Years, Fair Value	49,612
Held-to-maturity Securities, Debt Maturities, Due After Ten Years, Fair Value	117,264
Fixed maturities held-to-maturity, fair value	218,774	241,377
Total Fixed Maturity Securities, Amortized Cost	1,182,432	1,169,938
Total Fixed Maturity Securities, Fair Value	$ 1,195,225	$ 1,215,986

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Investments Realized Gains (Losses) on Investments (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2017 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2017 USD ($)
Gain (Loss) on Investments [Line Items]
Number of Equity Securities Sold	0	0	0	1
Proceeds from Sale of Available-for-sale Securities, Debt	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 508
Proceeds from Sale of Trading Securities Held-for-investment	$ 0		$ 0
Proceeds from Sale of Available-For-Sale Securities, Equity		$ 0		$ 1,940
Sale of bonds, number of available-for-sale securities sold	0	0	0	1
Sale of bonds, number of held-to-maturity bonds sold	0	0	0	0
Debt Securities [Member]
Gain (Loss) on Investments [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Securities, Gross Realized Gains	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 6
Available-for-sale Securities, Gross Realized Losses	0	0	0	0
Equity Securities [Member]
Gain (Loss) on Investments [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Securities, Gross Realized Gains		0		0
Trading Securities, Realized Gain	0		0
Available-for-sale Securities, Gross Realized Losses		$ 0		$ 30
Trading Securities, Realized Loss	$ 0		$ 0

XML

Fair Value Measurements (Details) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2017 USD ($)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	$ 976,451
Equity security	15,372
Marketable Securities	$ 991,823	$ 990,773
Number of Private Placement Mortgage Backed Debt Securities in Level 3	0
Percent of Level 2 Debt Maturity to Total Reported Fair Value of Financial Assets	97.30%
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset Value	$ 0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable Securities	27,102	27,972
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable Securities	964,721	962,801
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable Securities	0	0
US Treasury and Government [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	15,623	16,304
US Treasury and Government [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	11,324	11,808
US Treasury and Government [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	4,299	4,496
US Treasury and Government [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	0	0
US States and Political Subdivisions Debt Securities [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	559,539	567,503
US States and Political Subdivisions Debt Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	0	0
US States and Political Subdivisions Debt Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	559,539	567,503
US States and Political Subdivisions Debt Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	0	0
Corporate Debt Securities [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	399,572	388,703
Corporate Debt Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	406	0
Corporate Debt Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	399,166	388,703
Corporate Debt Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	0	0
Mortgage-backed Securities, Issued by US Government Sponsored Enterprises [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	1,598	1,978
Mortgage-backed Securities, Issued by US Government Sponsored Enterprises [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	0	0
Mortgage-backed Securities, Issued by US Government Sponsored Enterprises [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	1,598	1,978
Mortgage-backed Securities, Issued by US Government Sponsored Enterprises [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	0	0
Foreign Government Debt Securities [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	119	121
Foreign Government Debt Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	0	0
Foreign Government Debt Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	119	121
Foreign Government Debt Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	0	0
Debt Securities [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	976,451	974,609
Debt Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	11,730	11,808
Debt Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	964,721	962,801
Debt Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	0	0
Stock Mutual Funds [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities		3,217
Equity security	3,112
Stock Mutual Funds [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities		3,217
Equity security	3,112
Stock Mutual Funds [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities		0
Equity security	0
Stock Mutual Funds [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities		0
Equity security	0
Bond Mutual Funds [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities		12,367
Equity security	12,094
Bond Mutual Funds [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities		12,367
Equity security	12,094
Bond Mutual Funds [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities		0
Equity security	0
Bond Mutual Funds [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities		0
Equity security	0
Common stock [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities		24
Equity security	23
Common stock [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities		24
Equity security	23
Common stock [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities		0
Equity security	0
Common stock [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities		0
Equity security	0
Preferred Stock [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities		556
Preferred Stock [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities		556
Preferred Stock [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities		0
Preferred Stock [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities		0
Nonredeemable Preferred Stock [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Equity security	143
Nonredeemable Preferred Stock [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Equity security	143
Nonredeemable Preferred Stock [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Equity security	0
Nonredeemable Preferred Stock [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Equity security	0
Equity Securities [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities		16,164
Equity security	15,372
Equity Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities		16,164
Equity security	15,372
Equity Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities		0
Equity security	0
Equity Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities		$ 0
Equity security	$ 0

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Fair Value Measurements Financial Instruments not Carried at Fair Value (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Fixed maturities held-to-maturity	$ 218,774	$ 241,377
Mortgage loans	190	195
Policy loans	77,577	73,735
Cash and cash equivalents, at carrying value	63,333	46,064	$ 33,749	$ 35,510
Liability for future policy benefits individual and group annuities	$ 75,415	$ 73,688
Mortgage loans on real estate, interest rate	6.56%	6.60%
Mortgage loan maturity lower end range	20 years
Mortgage loan maturity higher end range	24 years
Mortgage loans interest rate used to estimate fair value	6.25%
Insurance policy loans interest rate	7.70%	7.70%
Fair value minimum interest rate of investment contract	2.48%
Fair value maximum rate of investment contract	3.81%
Carrying (Reported) Amount, Fair Value Disclosure [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Fixed maturities held-to-maturity	$ 214,514	$ 233,961
Mortgage loans	190	195
Policy loans	77,577	73,735
Cash and cash equivalents, at carrying value	63,333	46,064
Liability for future policy benefits individual and group annuities	56,025	55,035
Estimate of Fair Value, Fair Value Disclosure [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Fixed maturities held-to-maturity	218,774	241,377
Mortgage loans	225	228
Policy loans	77,577	73,735
Cash and cash equivalents, fair value disclosure	63,333	46,064
Liability for future policy benefits individual and group annuities	$ 54,125	$ 57,575

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Short Duration Contracts (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Short Duration Contracts [Abstract]
Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense	$ 389	$ 444	$ 570	$ 543
Reinsurance Recoverables, Including Reinsurance Premium Paid	0	0	0	0
Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense, Net	389	444	$ 570	$ 543
Current Year Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense	977	1,046
Prior Year Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense	(152)	(10)
Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense, Incurred Claims	825	1,036
Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense, Claims Paid, Current Year	701	758
Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense, Claims Paid, Prior Years	305	377
Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense, Claims Paid	$ 1,006	$ 1,135

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Commitments and Contingencies Commitments and Contingencies (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	6 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Total costs to remediate IRC Section 7702 issue	$ 7.1	$ 12.5
Toll charges and fees to remediate IRC Section 7702 issue	6.1
Cost of claim and reserve liabilities to remediate IRC Section 7702 issue	1.0
Minimum [Member]
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Cost Range to Remediate IRC Section 7702 Issue	4.5	5.9
Minimum [Member] | IRC Section 7702 remediation costs [Member]
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Loss Contingency, Estimate of Possible Loss	0.5
Maximum [Member]
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Cost Range to Remediate IRC Section 7702 Issue	44.0	$ 48.2
Maximum [Member] | IRC Section 7702 remediation costs [Member]
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Loss Contingency, Estimate of Possible Loss	$ 1.5

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Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Effective Income Tax Rate	(64.60%)	13.50%
Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Interest on Income Taxes Expense	$ 1.7
Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Interest on Income Taxes Benefit		$ (0.2)
Federal Statutory Income Tax Rate	21.00%	35.00%

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Benefit Plans (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017
Benefit Plans [Abstract]
Defined Contribution Plan, Employer Discretionary Contribution Amount	$ 182,000	$ 171,000	$ 369,000	$ 348,000

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Stock Compensation Stock Compensation (Details)	Feb. 16, 2018 USD ($)
Restricted Stock Units Award Announced	Feb. 15, 2018
Stock Granted, Value, Share-based Compensation, Gross	$ 1,200,000
Executive Management Team [Member]
Stock Granted, Value, Share-based Compensation, Gross	976,000
Board of Director [Member]
Stock Granted, Value, Share-based Compensation, Gross	$ 10,500

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Stock Compensation Stock Compensation - Restricted Stock Units (Details) - USD ($)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value [Abstract]
Outstanding at January 1, 2018	$ 0
Granted (in dollars)	1,070,500
Vested (in dollars)	0
Forfeited (in dollars)	10,497
Outstanding at June 30, 2018	1,060,003
Stock-based compensation	$ 213,000	$ 0
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Number of Shares [Roll Forward]
Outstanding at January 1, 2018 (in shares)	0
Granted (in shares)	148,883
Vested (in shares)	0
Forfeited (in shares)	1,460
Outstanding at June 30, 2018 (in shares)	147,423

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Related Party Transactions Related Party Transactions (Details)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($)
CNLIC subsidiary of CICA [Member] [Domain]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Capital Contribution to Subsidiary	$ 450,000
MGLIC subsidiary of SPLIC [Member] [Domain] [Domain]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Capital Contribution to Subsidiary	$ 450,000