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Commitments and Contingencies
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2016
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
Commitments and Contingencies
Commitments and Contingencies

Qualification of Life Products

As of December 31, 2014, we determined that a portion of the life insurance policies issued by our subsidiary insurance companies failed to qualify for the favorable U.S. federal income tax treatment afforded by Sections 7702 of the Internal Revenue Code ("IRC") of 1986. This tax code section allows for qualifying products sold to clients to have favorable tax treatment such as the product's inside build up is not taxable. Because these policies were sold with the intention that they would qualify for this favorable tax treatment, holders of these policies and CICA may now be subject to additional tax liabilities. The policies at issue were sold most substantially to non-U.S. citizens residing abroad and to a lesser extent domestically. Based upon a review of the options available to the Company, we have determined we will not remediate our endowments and endowment-like products under IRC 7702 we have sold to non-U.S. citizens. We do intend to remediate the domestic products we have sold to U.S. citizens. In addition, as part of our continuing review, we determined in July 2015 that certain annuity contracts do not contain qualifying language under IRC 72(s) as intended that would have provided for favorable tax treatment of the annuities. This issue affects both our domestic and international contract holders. The Company has continued to refine the understanding of the tax failures as previously reported by preparing an individual policy calculation and has reflected the related exposure for the current reporting period as noted below. Failure of these policies to qualify under IRC Sections 7702 and 72(s) has resulted in additional liabilities and expenses as described below. The products have been and continue to be appropriately reported under U.S. GAAP for financial reporting.

The failure of these policies to qualify under Sections 7702 and 72(s) results in an estimated liability as of June 30, 2016 of $14.9 million, after tax, related to projected IRS toll charges and fees of $14.5 million as well as $0.4 million of reserve increases to bring policies into compliance. The estimated liability at June 30, 2016 is up $0.3 million from the estimated liability at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 of $14.6 million, due to a continued refinement of our estimate. The probability weighted range of financial estimates relative to this issue is $7.0 million to $43.8 million, after tax. This estimated range includes projected toll charges and fees payable to the IRS, as well as estimated increased payout obligations to current and former holders of non-compliant domestic life insurance policies expected to result from remediation of those policies. The estimated liability and the estimated range will be updated as we continue to refine our estimates. The amount of our liabilities and expenses depends on a number of uncertainties, including the number of prior tax years for which we may be liable to the IRS, the number of domestic life insurance policies we will be required to remediate, and the methodology applicable to the calculation of taxable benefits under non-compliant policies. Given the range of potential outcomes and the significant variables assumed in establishing our estimates, actual amounts incurred may exceed our reserve and also could exceed the high end of our estimated range of liabilities and expenses. To the extent the amount reserved by the Company is insufficient to meet the actual amount of our liability and expenses, or if our estimates of those liabilities and expenses change in the future, our financial condition and results of operation may be materially adversely affected. Management believes that based upon current information we have recorded the best estimate liability to date.

Accruals for loss contingencies are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. The process of determining our best estimate and the estimated range is a complex undertaking, which includes insight from external consultants and involves management’s judgment based upon a variety of factors known at the time. We recorded additional general expenses of $1.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and $2.0 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015 related to our 7702 and 72(s) issues. Additional costs will be incurred in the second half of 2016 associated with these issues and we believe these costs will range from $1.0 million to $1.5 million, however, actual amounts incurred may differ from this estimate and changes will be recorded as they become probable and can be reasonably estimated.

Compliance

As part of our periodic review of our compliance controls, we completed an internal risk assessment of our compliance with the Bank Secrecy Act ("BSA") anti-money laundering requirements.  We are in the process of enhancing our BSA compliance program with additional controls based on our risk assessment. Although we are not yet able to determine the extent of any potential losses related to our compliance program, we do not feel that non-compliance will have a material impact upon the Company.

Unclaimed Property Contingencies

The Company has been informed by the Louisiana Department of Treasury, Arkansas Auditor of State and the Texas State Comptroller, that they authorized an audit of Citizens, Inc. and its affiliates for compliance with unclaimed property laws. This audit is being conducted by Verus Financial LLC on behalf of the states.

The external audit may result in additional payments to beneficiaries, additional escheatment of funds deemed abandoned under state laws, administrative penalties, interest, and changes to the Company's procedures for the identification and escheatment of abandoned property.  The Company believes additional escheatment of funds in Arkansas or Texas will not be material to our financial condition or results. However, additional escheatment of funds in Louisiana, which may subsequently be deemed abandoned under the Louisiana Department of Treasury’s audit, could be material for SPLIC if the Louisiana Department of Treasury chooses to disregard recent unclaimed property litigation in favor of the insurance industry. At this time, the Company is not able to estimate any of these possible amounts.

Litigation

From time to time we are subject to legal and regulatory actions relating to our business. We defend all claims vigorously.  As a result, we incur defense costs, including attorneys' fees, other direct litigation costs and the expenditure of management time that otherwise would be devoted to our business.