XML 29 R11.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v3.25.4
Loans And Allowance For Credit Losses
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Loans And Allowance For Credit Losses [Abstract]  
Loans And Allowance For Credit Losses Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Major classifications within the Company’s held for investment loan portfolio at December 31, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:

(In thousands)20252024
Commercial:
Business
$6,439,380 $6,053,820 
Real estate — construction and land
1,438,012 1,409,901 
Real estate — business
3,674,567 3,661,218 
Personal Banking:
Real estate — personal
3,053,435 3,058,195 
Consumer
2,196,822 2,073,123 
Revolving home equity
375,159 356,650 
Consumer credit card
589,694 595,930 
Overdrafts
4,194 11,266 
Total loans (1)
$17,771,263 $17,220,103 
(1) Accrued interest receivable totaled $74.4 million and $70.6 million at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and was included within other assets on the consolidated balance sheets. For the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company wrote-off accrued interest by reversing interest income of $315 thousand and $6.3 million in the Commercial and Personal Banking portfolios, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company wrote-off accrued interest by reversing interest income of $548 thousand and $6.1 million in the Commercial and Personal Banking portfolios, respectively.

Loans to directors and executive officers of the Parent and the Bank, and to their affiliates, are summarized as follows:

(In thousands)
Balance at January 1, 2025
$38,859 
Additions58,105 
Amounts collected(18,340)
Amounts written off— 
Balance at December 31, 2025$78,624 

Management believes all loans to directors and executive officers have been made in the ordinary course of business with normal credit terms, including interest rate and collateral considerations, and do not represent more than a normal risk of collection. The activity in the table above includes draws and repayments on several lines of credit with business entities. There were no outstanding loans at December 31, 2025 to principal holders (over 10% ownership) of the Company’s common stock.

The Company’s lending activity is generally centered in Missouri, Kansas, Illinois and other nearby states including Oklahoma, Colorado, Iowa, Ohio, and Texas. The Company maintains a diversified portfolio with limited industry concentrations of credit risk. Loans and loan commitments are extended under the Company’s normal credit standards, controls, and monitoring procedures. Most loan commitments are short or intermediate term in nature. Commercial loan maturities generally range from one to seven years. Collateral is commonly required and would include such assets as marketable securities, cash equivalent assets, accounts receivable, inventory, equipment, other forms of personal property, and real estate. At December 31, 2025, unfunded loan commitments totaled $15.8 billion (which included $6.1 billion in unused approved lines of credit related to credit card loan agreements) which could be drawn by customers subject to certain review and terms of agreement. At December 31, 2025, loans totaling $2.6 billion were pledged at the FHLB as collateral for borrowings and letters of credit obtained to secure public deposits. Additional loans of $2.8 billion were pledged at the Federal Reserve Bank as collateral for discount window borrowings.

The Company has a net investment in direct financing and sales type leases to commercial and industrial and tax-exempt entities of $864.9 million and $879.6 million at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, which is included in business loans on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. This investment includes deferred income of $97.1 million and $102.5 million at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
Allowance for credit losses
The allowance for credit losses is measured using an average historical loss model which incorporates relevant information about past events (including historical credit loss experience on loans with similar risk characteristics), current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the remaining cash flows over the contractual term of the loans. The allowance for credit losses is measured on a collective (pool) basis. Loans are aggregated into pools based on similar risk characteristics including borrower type, collateral type and expected credit loss patterns. Loans that do not share similar risk characteristics, primarily large loans on non-accrual status, are evaluated on an individual basis.

For loans evaluated for credit losses on a collective basis, average historical loss rates are calculated for each pool using the Company’s historical net charge-offs (combined charge-offs and recoveries by observable historical reporting period) and outstanding loan balances during a lookback period. Lookback periods can be different based on the individual pool and represent management’s credit expectations for the pool of loans over the remaining contractual life. In certain loan pools, if the Company’s own historical loss rate is not reflective of the loss expectations, the historical loss rate is augmented by industry and peer data. The calculated average net charge-off rate is then adjusted for current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. These adjustments increase or decrease the average historical loss rate to reflect expectations of future losses given a single path economic forecast of key macroeconomic variables including GDP, disposable income, unemployment rate, various interest rates, consumer price index (CPI) inflation rate, housing price index (HPI), commercial real estate price index (CREPI) and market volatility. The adjustments are based on results from various regression models projecting the impact of the macroeconomic variables to loss rates. The forecast is used for a reasonable and supportable period before reverting back to historical averages using a straight-line method. The forecast-adjusted loss rate is applied to the amortized cost of loans over the remaining contractual lives, adjusted for expected prepayments. The contractual term excludes expected extensions (except for contractual extensions at the option of the customer), renewals and modifications. Credit cards and certain similar consumer lines of credit do not have stated maturities and therefore, for these loan classes, remaining contractual lives are determined by estimating future cash flows expected to be received from customers until payments have been fully allocated to outstanding balances. Additionally, the allowance for credit losses considers other qualitative factors not included in historical loss rates or macroeconomic forecast such as changes in portfolio composition, underwriting practices, or significant unique events or conditions.
Key assumptions in the Company’s allowance for credit loss model include the economic forecast, the reasonable and supportable period, forecasted macro-economic variables, prepayment assumptions and qualitative factors applied for portfolio composition changes, underwriting practices, or significant unique events or conditions. The assumptions utilized in estimating the Company’s allowance for credit losses at December 31, 2025 and 2024 are discussed below.

Key AssumptionDecember 31, 2025December 31, 2024
Overall economic forecast
•Increased GDP due to expected increases in consumer spending
•Stable unemployment
•Higher rates and volatility are expected to continue
•The US economy will continue to grow
•Expansionary fiscal policy and less immigration cause the labor market to tighten, pushing the unemployment rate lower
Reasonable and supportable period and related reversion period
•Reasonable and supportable period of one year
•Reversion to historical average loss rates within two quarters using a straight-line method
•Reasonable and supportable period of one year
•Reversion to historical average loss rates within two quarters using a straight-line method
Forecasted macro-economic variables
•Unemployment rate ranges from 4.3% to 4.5% during the reasonable and supportable forecast period
•Real GDP growth ranges from 2.1% to 2.8%
•Housing Price Index from 324.9 to 329.7
•Commercial Real Estate Price Index from 292.5 to 305.6
•CPI inflation rate from 2.1% to 2.6%
•Unemployment rate ranges from 4.2% to 4.3% during the reasonable and supportable forecast period
•Real GDP growth ranges from 2.5% to 2.7%
•BBB corporate yield from 5.2% to 5.3%
•Housing Price Index from 324.8 to 335.4

Prepayment assumptions
Commercial loans
•5% for most loan pools
Personal banking loans
•Ranging from 8.7% to 24.7% for most loan pools
•Consumer credit cards 66.9%
Commercial loans
•5% for most loan pools
Personal banking loans
•Ranging from 8.9% to 23.1% for most loan pools
•Consumer credit cards 66.5%
Qualitative factors
Added qualitative factors related to:
•Changes in the composition of the loan portfolios
•Certain industries experiencing stress or emerging concerns within the portfolio
•Loans downgraded to special mention, substandard, or non-accrual status
•Auto, other vehicle and other consumer portfolios loss expectation adjustment
•Certain portfolios where the model assumptions do not capture all identified loss risk
Added qualitative factors related to:
•Changes in the composition of the loan portfolios
•Certain industries experiencing stress or emerging concerns within the portfolio
•Loans downgraded to special mention, substandard, or non-accrual status
•Consumer auto portfolio
•Certain portfolios where the model assumptions do not capture all identified loss risk

The liability for unfunded lending commitments utilizes the same model as the allowance for credit losses on loans, however, the liability for unfunded lending commitments incorporates an assumption for the portion of unfunded commitments that are expected to be funded.

Sensitivity in the Allowance for Credit Loss model
The allowance for credit losses is an estimate that requires significant judgment including projections of the macro-economic environment. The forecasted macro-economic environment continuously changes which can cause fluctuations in estimated expected credit losses.

The current forecast includes projections on inflation, labor market trends, Federal Reserve monetary policy, business growth and consumer spending. Economic, political, and social developments regionally, nationally, and even globally could significantly modify economic projections used in the estimation of the allowance for credit losses. Uncertainty around increased unemployment and other negative economic trends is heightened.

Potential changes in any one economic variable may or may not affect the overall allowance because a variety of economic variables and inputs are considered in estimating allowance, and changes in those variables and inputs may not occur at the same rate, may not be consistent across product types and may have offsetting impacts to other changing variables and inputs.
A summary of the activity in the allowance for credit losses on loans and the liability for unfunded lending commitments during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 follows:

For the Year Ended December 31
(In thousands)CommercialPersonal Banking

Total
ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES ON LOANS
Balance December 31, 2024$106,769 $55,973 $162,742 
Provision for credit losses on loans11,567 45,846 57,413 
Deductions:
   Loans charged off2,545 47,495 50,040 
   Less recoveries on loans1,074 8,279 9,353 
Net loan charge-offs (recoveries)1,471 39,216 40,687 
Balance December 31, 2025$116,865 $62,603 $179,468 
LIABILITY FOR UNFUNDED LENDING COMMITMENTS
Balance December 31, 2024$17,887 $1,048 $18,935 
Provision for credit losses on unfunded lending commitments(1,348)73 (1,275)
Balance December 31, 2025$16,539 $1,121 $17,660 
ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES ON LOANS AND LIABILITY FOR UNFUNDED LENDING COMMITMENTS$133,404 $63,724 $197,128 
ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES ON LOANS
Balance at December 31, 2023
$108,201 $54,194 $162,395 
Provision for credit losses on loans(444)39,658 39,214 
Deductions:
   Loans charged off2,035 45,236 47,271 
   Less recoveries on loans1,047 7,357 8,404 
Net loan charge-offs (recoveries)988 37,879 38,867 
Balance December 31, 2024
$106,769 $55,973 $162,742 
LIABILITY FOR UNFUNDED LENDING COMMITMENTS
Balance at December 31, 2023
$23,909 $1,337 $25,246 
Provision for credit losses on unfunded lending commitments(6,022)(289)(6,311)
Balance December 31, 2024
$17,887 $1,048 $18,935 
ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES ON LOANS AND LIABILITY FOR UNFUNDED LENDING COMMITMENTS$124,656 $57,021 $181,677 
Delinquent and non-accrual loans
The Company considers loans past due on the day following the contractual repayment date, if the contractual repayment was not received by the Company as of the end of the business day. The following table provides aging information on the Company’s past due and accruing loans, in addition to the balances of loans on non-accrual status, at December 31, 2025 and 2024.
(In thousands)
Current or Less Than 30 Days Past Due30 – 89 Days Past Due90 Days Past Due and Still AccruingNon-accrualTotal
December 31, 2025
Commercial:
Business
$6,437,476 $1,241 $540 $123 $6,439,380 
Real estate – construction and land
1,437,727 285 — — 1,438,012 
Real estate – business
3,636,517 23,265 — 14,785 3,674,567 
Personal Banking:
Real estate – personal
3,021,212 19,450 11,931 842 3,053,435 
Consumer
2,165,109 28,269 3,444 — 2,196,822 
Revolving home equity
373,245 1,493 421 — 375,159 
Consumer credit card
573,698 7,673 8,323 — 589,694 
Overdrafts
3,787 407— — 4,194 
Total
$17,648,771 $82,083 $24,659 $15,750 $17,771,263 
December 31, 2024
Commercial:
Business
$6,051,654 $1,501 $564 $101 $6,053,820 
Real estate – construction and land
1,409,681 — — 220 1,409,901 
Real estate – business
3,640,643 5,621 — 14,954 3,661,218 
Personal Banking:
Real estate – personal
3,021,017 25,267 10,885 1,026 3,058,195 
Consumer
2,029,115 40,398 3,610 — 2,073,123 
Revolving home equity
351,056 2,798 819 1,977 356,650 
Consumer credit card
579,670 7,622 8,638 — 595,930 
Overdrafts
10,953 313— — 11,266 
Total
$17,093,789 $83,520 $24,516 $18,278 $17,220,103 

At December 31, 2025 the Company had no non-accrual loans that had allowance for credit loss, compared to $2.0 million at December 31, 2024. The Company did not record any interest income on non-accrual loans during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.
Credit quality indicators
The following table provides information about the credit quality of the Commercial loan portfolio. The Company utilizes an internal risk rating system comprised of a series of grades to categorize loans according to perceived risk associated with the expectation of debt repayment based on borrower specific information, including but not limited to, current financial information, historical payment experience, industry information, collateral levels and collateral types. The “pass” category consists of a range of loan grades that reflect increasing, though still acceptable, risk. A loan is assigned the risk rating at origination and then monitored throughout the contractual term for possible risk rating changes. Movement of risk through the various grade levels in the “pass” category is monitored for early identification of credit deterioration. The “special mention” rating is applied to loans where the borrower exhibits negative financial trends due to borrower specific or systemic conditions that, if left uncorrected, threaten its capacity to meet its debt obligations. The borrower is believed to have sufficient financial flexibility to react to and resolve its negative financial situation. It is a transitional grade that is closely monitored for improvement or deterioration. The “substandard” rating is applied to loans where the borrower exhibits well-defined weaknesses that jeopardize its continued performance and are of a severity that the distinct possibility of default exists. Loans are placed on “non-accrual” when management does not expect to collect payments consistent with acceptable and agreed upon terms of repayment.

All loans are analyzed for risk rating updates annually. For larger loans, rating assessments may be more frequent if relevant information is obtained earlier through debt covenant monitoring or overall relationship management. Smaller loans are monitored as identified by the loan officer based on the risk profile of the individual borrower or if the loan becomes past due related to credit issues. Loans rated Special Mention, Substandard or Non-accrual are subject to quarterly review and monitoring processes. In addition to the regular monitoring performed by the lending personnel and credit committees, loans are subject to review by a credit review department which verifies the appropriateness of the risk ratings for the loans chosen as part of its risk-based review plan.
The risk category of loans in the Commercial portfolio as of December 31, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:

Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
(In thousands)20252024202320222021PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisTotal
December 31, 2025
Business
    Risk Rating:
       Pass$1,704,299 $847,973 $568,361 $416,732 $252,398 $336,662 $2,129,247 $6,255,672 
       Special mention13,410 4,149 2,661 1,536 893 1,375 47,568 71,592 
       Substandard96 619 4,713 15,957 4,016 519 86,073 111,993 
       Non-accrual— 49 32 42 — — — 123 
   Total Business:$1,717,805 $852,790 $575,767 $434,267 $257,307 $338,556 $2,262,888 $6,439,380 
Gross write-offs for the year ended December 31, 2025
$— $389 $116 $165 $2 $10 $1,423 $2,105 
Real estate-construction
    Risk Rating:
       Pass$450,046 $283,778 $379,456 $239,314 $3,857 $2,860 $18,109 $1,377,420 
       Special mention14,104 — — — — — — 14,104 
       Substandard— — 2,365 25,875 18,248 — — 46,488 
    Total Real estate-construction:$464,150 $283,778 $381,821 $265,189 $22,105 $2,860 $18,109 $1,438,012 
Gross write-offs for the year ended December 31, 2025
$— $40 $— $— $— $— $— $40 
Real estate- business
    Risk Rating:
       Pass$1,334,661 $426,130 $309,409 $462,953 $359,933 $389,275 $166,209 $3,448,570 
       Special mention58,905 27,423 3,572 12,221 965 1,965 31 105,082 
       Substandard— 1,884 6,646 26,960 13,423 50,821 6,396 106,130 
       Non-accrual— — — 124 153 14,508 — 14,785 
   Total Real-estate business:$1,393,566 $455,437 $319,627 $502,258 $374,474 $456,569 $172,636 $3,674,567 
Gross write-offs for the year ended December 31, 2025
$— $— $400 $— $— $— $— $400 
Commercial loans
    Risk Rating:
       Pass$3,489,006 $1,557,881 $1,257,226 $1,118,999 $616,188 $728,797 $2,313,565 $11,081,662 
       Special mention86,419 31,572 6,233 13,757 1,858 3,340 47,599 190,778 
       Substandard96 2,503 13,724 68,792 35,687 51,340 92,469 264,611 
       Non-accrual— 49 32 166 153 14,508 — 14,908 
   Total Commercial loans:$3,575,521 $1,592,005 $1,277,215 $1,201,714 $653,886 $797,985 $2,453,633 $11,551,959 
Gross write-offs for the year ended December 31, 2025
$— $429 $516 $165 $2 $10 $1,423 $2,545 
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
(In thousands)20242023202220212020PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisTotal
December 31, 2024
Business
    Risk Rating:
       Pass$1,505,299 $956,449 $596,681 $405,669 $148,483 $350,106 $1,887,596 $5,850,283 
       Special mention13,576 7,978 8,941 4,155 263 2,065 34,997 71,975 
       Substandard2,218 5,596 19,145 5,069 928 10,086 88,419 131,461 
       Non-accrual1 47 1 — — 52 — 101 
   Total Business:$1,521,094 $970,070 $624,768 $414,893 $149,674 $362,309 $2,011,012 $6,053,820 
Gross write-offs for the year ended December 31, 2024
$200 $275 $40 $53 $— $18 $1,387 $1,973 
Real estate-construction
    Risk Rating:
       Pass$419,562 $442,720 $451,606 $53,462 $3,143 $2,450 $34,075 $1,407,018 
       Substandard— 2,663 — — — — — 2,663 
       Non-accrual220 — — — — — — 220 
    Total Real estate-construction:$419,782 $445,383 $451,606 $53,462 $3,143 $2,450 $34,075 $1,409,901 
Gross write-offs for the year ended December 31, 2024$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Real estate- business
    Risk Rating:
       Pass$755,498 $604,936 $753,023 $448,041 $363,717 $368,350 $129,868 $3,423,433 
       Special mention324 — 12,383 12,524 1,643 298 — 27,172 
       Substandard1,280 23,420 36,657 18,429 4,416 104,382 7,075 195,659 
       Non-accrual— — 170 — 14,668 116 — 14,954 
   Total Real-estate business:$757,102 $628,356 $802,233 $478,994 $384,444 $473,146 $136,943 $3,661,218 
Gross write-offs for the year ended December 31, 2024$— $— $— $— $— $62 $— $62 
Commercial loans
    Risk Rating:
       Pass$2,680,359 $2,004,105 $1,801,310 $907,172 $515,343 $720,906 $2,051,539 $10,680,734 
       Special mention13,900 7,978 21,324 16,679 1,906 2,363 34,997 99,147 
       Substandard3,498 31,679 55,802 23,498 5,344 114,468 95,494 329,783 
       Non-accrual221 47 171 — 14,668 168 — 15,275 
   Total Commercial loans:$2,697,978 $2,043,809 $1,878,607 $947,349 $537,261 $837,905 $2,182,030 $11,124,939 
Gross write-offs for the year ended December 31, 2024$200 $275 $40 $53 $— $80 $1,387 $2,035 
The credit quality of Personal Banking loans is monitored primarily on the basis of aging/delinquency, and this information is provided as of December 31, 2025 and 2024 below:

Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
(In thousands)20252024202320222021PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisTotal
December 31, 2025
Real estate-personal
       Current to 90 days past due$386,816 $312,902 $335,950 $360,793 $438,586 $1,196,850 $8,765 $3,040,662 
       Over 90 days past due— 570 1,581 3,581 1,820 4,379 — 11,931 
       Non-accrual— — — — 102 740 — 842 
   Total Real estate-personal:$386,816 $313,472 $337,531 $364,374 $440,508 $1,201,969 $8,765 $3,053,435 
Gross write-offs for the year ended December 31, 2025
$— $47 $65 $416 $48 $29 $— $605 
Consumer
       Current to 90 days past due$520,170 $242,791 $237,779 $132,942 $93,343 $62,726 $903,627 $2,193,378 
       Over 90 days past due187 387 406 276 117 195 1,876 3,444 
    Total Consumer:$520,357 $243,178 $238,185 $133,218 $93,460 $62,921 $905,503 $2,196,822 
Gross write-offs for the year ended December 31, 2025
$894 $3,862 $2,948 $1,705 $720 $359 $2,032 $12,520 
Revolving home equity
       Current to 90 days past due$— $— $— $— $— $— $374,738 $374,738 
       Over 90 days past due— — — — — — 421 421 
   Total Revolving home equity:$— $— $— $— $— $— $375,159 $375,159 
Gross write-offs for the year ended December 31, 2025
$— $— $— $— $— $— $15 $15 
Consumer credit card
       Current to 90 days past due$— $— $— $— $— $— $581,371 $581,371 
       Over 90 days past due— — — — — — 8,323 8,323 
   Total Consumer credit card:$— $— $— $— $— $— $589,694 $589,694 
Gross write-offs for the year ended December 31, 2025
$— $— $— $— $— $— $31,833 $31,833 
Overdrafts
       Current to 90 days past due$4,194 $— $— $— $— $— $— $4,194 
    Total Overdrafts:$4,194 $— $— $— $— $— $— $4,194 
Gross write-offs for the year ended December 31, 2025
$2,522 $— $— $— $— $— $— $2,522 
Personal banking loans
       Current to 90 days past due$911,180 $555,693 $573,729 $493,735 $531,929 $1,259,576 $1,868,501 $6,194,343 
       Over 90 days past due187 957 1,987 3,857 1,937 4,574 10,620 24,119 
       Non-accrual— — — — 102 740 — 842 
   Total Personal banking loans:$911,367 $556,650 $575,716 $497,592 $533,968 $1,264,890 $1,879,121 $6,219,304 
Gross write-offs for the year ended December 31, 2025
$3,416 $3,909 $3,013 $2,121 $768 $388 $33,880 $47,495 
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
(In thousands)20242023202220212020PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisTotal
December 31, 2024
Real estate-personal
       Current to 90 days past due$387,119 $387,486 $404,680 $482,733 $637,115 $736,217 $10,934 $3,046,284 
       Over 90 days past due665 892 1,431 1,890 3,180 2,827 — 10,885 
       Non-accrual— 8 — 108 — 910 — 1,026 
   Total Real estate-personal:$387,784 $388,386 $406,111 $484,731 $640,295 $739,954 $10,934 $3,058,195 
Gross write-offs for the year ended December 31, 2024
$— $82 $115 $83 $— $22 $— $302 
Consumer
       Current to 90 days past due$418,902 $369,855 $228,189 $165,030 $72,314 $49,890 $765,333 $2,069,513 
       Over 90 days past due465 584 406 213 47 367 1,528 3,610 
    Total Consumer:$419,367 $370,439 $228,595 $165,243 $72,361 $50,257 $766,861 $2,073,123 
Gross write-offs for the year ended December 31, 2024$1,438 $3,109 $2,859 $1,308 $540 $255 $2,309 $11,818 
Revolving home equity
       Current to 90 days past due$— $— $— $— $— $— $353,854 $353,854 
       Over 90 days past due— — — — — — 819 819 
       Non-accrual— — — — — — 1,977 $1,977 
   Total Revolving home equity:$— $— $— $— $— $— $356,650 $356,650 
Gross write-offs for the year ended December 31, 2024$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Consumer credit card
       Current to 90 days past due$— $— $— $— $— $— $587,292 $587,292 
       Over 90 days past due— — — — — — 8,638 8,638 
   Total Consumer credit card:$— $— $— $— $— $— $595,930 $595,930 
Gross write-offs for the year ended December 31, 2024$— $— $— $— $— $— $30,427 $30,427 
Overdrafts
       Current to 90 days past due$11,266 $— $— $— $— $— $— $11,266 
    Total Overdrafts:$11,266 $— $— $— $— $— $— $11,266 
Gross write-offs for the year ended December 31, 2024$2,689 $— $— $— $— $— $— $2,689 
Personal banking loans
       Current to 90 days past due$817,287 $757,341 $632,869 $647,763 $709,429 $786,107 $1,717,413 $6,068,209 
       Over 90 days past due1,130 1,476 1,837 2,103 3,227 3,194 10,985 23,952 
       Non-accrual— 8 — 108 — 910 1,977 3,003 
   Total Personal banking loans:$818,417 $758,825 $634,706 $649,974 $712,656 $790,211 $1,730,375 $6,095,164 
Gross write-offs for the year ended December 31, 2024$4,127 $3,191 $2,974 $1,391 $540 $277 $32,736 $45,236 
Collateral-dependent loans
The Company's collateral-dependent loans are comprised of large loans on non-accrual status. The Company requires that collateral-dependent loans are either over-collateralized or carry collateral equal to the amortized cost of the loan. The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral-dependent loans as of December 31, 2025 and 2024.

December 31, 2025December 31, 2024
(In thousands)Real EstateTotalReal EstateTotal
Commercial:
  Real estate - business$14,508 $14,508 $14,667 $14,667 
Personal Banking:
  Revolving home equity— — 1,977 1,977 
Total$14,508 $14,508 $16,644 $16,644 
Modifications for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty
When borrowers are experiencing financial difficulty, the Company may agree to modify the contractual terms of a loan to a borrower in order to assist the borrower in repaying principal and interest owed to the Company.

The Company's modifications of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty are generally in the form of term extensions, repayment plans, payment deferrals, forbearance agreements, interest rate reductions, forgiveness of interest and/or fees, or any combination thereof. Commercial loans modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty are primarily loans that are substandard or non-accrual, where the maturity date was extended. Modifications on personal real estate loans are primarily those placed on forbearance plans, repayment plans, or deferral plans where monthly payments are suspended for a period of time or past due amounts are paid off over a certain period of time in the future or set up as a balloon payment at maturity. Modifications to certain credit card and other small consumer loans are often modified under debt counseling programs that can reduce the contractual rate or, in certain instances, forgive certain fees and interest charges. Other consumer loans modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty consist of various other workout arrangements with consumer customers.

The following tables present the amortized cost at December 31, 2025 of loans that were modified during the year ended December 31, 2025 and the amortized cost at December 31, 2024 of loans that were modified during the year ended December 31, 2024.

For the Year Ended December 31, 2025



(Dollars in thousands)
Term ExtensionPayment DelayInterest Rate ReductionInterest/Fees Forgiven
Other
Total% of Total Loan Category
December 31, 2025
Commercial:
Business$82,057 $— $— $— $— $82,057 1.3 %
Real estate – construction and land18,258 — — — — 18,258 1.3 
Real estate – business65,684 — — — — 65,684 1.8 
Personal Banking:
Real estate – personal 30 9,833 — — — 9,863 0.3 
Consumer— 89 85 — — 174 — 
Consumer credit card— — 2,955 — — 2,955 0.5 
Total $166,029 $9,922 $3,040 $— $— $178,991 1.0 %
For the Year Ended December 31, 2024



(Dollars in thousands)
Term ExtensionPayment DelayInterest Rate ReductionInterest/Fees Forgiven
Other
Total% of Total Loan Category
December 31, 2024
Commercial:
Business$48,002 $— $— $— $— $48,002 0.8 %
Real estate – business121,183 — — — — 121,183 3.3 
Personal Banking:
Real estate – personal — 9,023 — — — 9,023 0.3 
Consumer— 716 96 — 66 878 — 
Consumer credit card— — 3,177 — — 3,177 0.5 
Total $169,185 $9,739 $3,273 $— $66 $182,263 1.1 %

The estimate of lifetime expected losses utilized in the allowance for credit losses model is developed using average historical experience on loans with similar risk characteristics, which includes losses from modifications of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. As a result, a change to the allowance for credit losses is generally not recorded upon modification. For modifications to loans made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that are placed on non-accrual status, the Company determines the allowance for credit losses on an individual evaluation, using the same process that it utilizes for other loans on non-accrual status. Modifications made to commercial loans which are not on non-accrual status for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty are collectively evaluated based on internal risk rating, loan type, delinquency, historical experience, and current economic factors. Modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty for personal banking loans which are not on non-accrual status are collectively evaluated based on loan type, delinquency, historical experience, and current economic factors.

If a loan to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty is modified and subsequently deemed uncollectible, the allowance for credit losses continues to be based on individual evaluation, if that loan is already on non-accrual status. For those loans, the allowance for credit losses is estimated using discounted expected cash flows or the fair value of collateral. If an accruing loan made to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty is modified and subsequently deemed uncollectible, the loan's risk rating is downgraded to non-accrual status and the loan's related allowance for credit losses is determined based on individual evaluation, or if necessary, the loan is charged off and collection efforts begin.

The following tables summarize the financial impact of loan modifications and payment deferrals during the years ended December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
Term Extension
For the Year Ended December 31, 2025For the Year Ended December 31, 2024
Commercial:
Business
Extended maturity by a weighted average of 11 months.
Extended maturity by a weighted average of 7 months.
Real estate – construction and land
Extended maturity by a weighted average of 3 months.
—
Real estate – business
Extended maturity by a weighted average of 22 months.
Extended maturity by a weighted average of 10 months.
Personal Banking:
Real estate – personal
Extended maturity by 9 months.
—


Payment Delay
For the Year Ended December 31, 2025For the Year Ended December 31, 2024
Personal Banking:
Real estate – personal
Deferred certain payments by a weighted average of 25 years.
Deferred certain payments by a weighted average of 16 years.
Consumer
Deferred certain payments by a weighted average of 8 years.
Deferred certain payments by 19 years.
    
Interest Rate Reduction
For the Year Ended December 31, 2025For the Year Ended December 31, 2024
Personal Banking:
ConsumerReduced contractual interest rate from average 22% to 6%.Reduced contractual interest rate from average 21% to 6%.
Consumer credit cardReduced contractual interest rate from average 22% to 6%.Reduced contractual interest rate from average 21% to 6%.
The Company had commitments of $11.4 million and $14.9 million at December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, to lend additional funds to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty and for whom the Company has modified the terms of loans in the form of an interest rate reduction; an other-than-insignificant payment delay; forgiveness of principal, interest, or fees; or a term extension during the current reporting period.

The following tables provide the amortized cost basis at December 31, 2025 of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that had a payment default during the year ended December 31, 2025 and were modified within the 12 months preceding the payment default, as well as the amortized cost basis at December 31, 2024 of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that had a payment default during the year ended December 31, 2024 and had been modified within the 12 months preceding the payment default. For purposes of this disclosure, the Company considers "default" to mean 90 days or more past due as to interest or principal.

For the Year Ended December 31, 2025


(Dollars in thousands)
Term ExtensionPayment DelayInterest Rate ReductionTotal
December 31, 2025
Commercial:
Real estate – business$14,508 $— $— $14,508 
Personal Banking:
Real estate – personal — 2,587 — 2,587 
Consumer— 35 25 60 
Consumer credit card— — 470 470 
Total $14,508 $2,622 $495 $17,625 


For the Year Ended December 31, 2024


(Dollars in thousands)
Term ExtensionPayment DelayInterest Rate ReductionTotal
December 31, 2024
Commercial:
Real estate – business$14,668 $— $— $14,668 
Personal Banking:
Real estate – personal — 3,818 — 3,818 
Consumer— — 23 23 
Consumer credit card— — 595 595 
Total $14,668 $3,818 $618 $19,104 
The following tables present the amortized cost basis at December 31, 2025 of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that had been modified within the previous 12 months, as well as the amortized cost basis at December 31, 2024 of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that had been modified within the previous 12 months.



(In thousands)
Current
30-89 Days
Past Due
90 Days
Past Due		Total
December 31, 2025
Commercial:
Business$82,057 $— $— $82,057 
Real estate – construction and land18,258 — — 18,258 
Real estate – business51,176 — 14,508 65,684 
Personal Banking:
Real estate – personal 5,124 3,633 1,106 9,863 
Consumer120 18 36 174 
Consumer credit card2,230 514 211 2,955 
Total $158,965 $4,165 $15,861 $178,991 




(In thousands)
Current
30-89 Days
Past Due
90 Days
Past Due		Total
December 31, 2024
Commercial:
Business$47,958 $44 $— $48,002 
Real estate – business106,516 — 14,667 121,183 
Personal Banking:
Real estate – personal 4,484 2,613 1,926 9,023 
Consumer856 17 5 878 
Consumer credit card2,519 430 228 3,177 
Total $162,333 $3,104 $16,826 $182,263 


Loans held for sale
The Company designates certain long-term fixed rate personal real estate loans as held for sale, and the Company has elected the fair value option for these loans. The election of the fair value option aligns the accounting for these loans with the related economic hedges discussed in Note 19. The loans are primarily sold to FNMA and FHLMC. At December 31, 2025, the fair value of these loans was $4.0 million, and the unpaid principal balance was $4.0 million.

At December 31, 2025, none of the loans held for sale were on non-accrual status or 90 days past due and still accruing.

Foreclosed real estate/repossessed assets
The Company’s holdings of foreclosed real estate totaled $1.2 million and $343 thousand at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and included in those amounts were $1.0 million and $343 thousand of foreclosed residential real estate properties held as a result of obtaining physical possession at December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. Personal property acquired in repossession, generally autos, marine and recreational vehicles (RV), totaled $2.3 million and $2.2 million at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Upon acquisition, these assets are recorded at fair value less estimated selling costs at the date of foreclosure, establishing a new cost basis. They are subsequently carried at the lower of this cost basis or fair value less estimated selling costs.