Description of Business, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2011

Description of Business, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Description of Business

Description of Business

ITT Corporation is a global industrial company specializing in the engineering and manufacture of critical components in the aerospace, transportation, energy and industrial markets. Unless the context otherwise indicates, references herein to “ITT,” “the Company,” and such words as “we,” “us,” and “our” include ITT Corporation and its subsidiaries. ITT operates through four segments: Industrial Process consisting of industrial pumping and complementary equipment; Motion Technologies consisting of friction and shock & vibration equipment; Interconnect Solutions (ICS) consisting of electronic connectors; and Control Technologies consisting of fluid handling, motion control and vibration and shock isolation products. Financial information for our segments is presented in Note 22, “Segment Information.”

Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation

On October 31, 2011, ITT Corporation made a pro rata distribution to its shareholders consisting of all the shares of common stock of Xylem Inc. (Xylem, previously referred to as the water-related businesses), which held ITT’s interests in the water businesses, and all the shares of common stock of Exelis Inc. (Exelis, previously referred to as ITT’s Defense & Information Solutions segment), which held ITT’s interests in the defense businesses (the Distribution). These financial statements have been reclassified to present the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of Exelis and Xylem as discontinued operations in all periods presented. For further information on the discontinued operations of Exelis and Xylem, see Note 4, “Discontinued Operations.” In addition, in conjunction with the Distribution, we implemented changes to our management structure and changed our segment reporting structure.

On October 31, 2011, we completed a one-for-two reverse stock split (1:2 Reverse Stock Split) of ITT’s issued and outstanding common stock, as approved by our Board of Directors. The par value of our common stock remained $1 per share following the 1:2 Reverse Stock Split. All common stock shares authorized, issued and outstanding, as well as share prices and earnings per share give effect to the 1:2 Reverse Stock Split in all periods presented.

In addition to the reclassification effects from the Distribution, certain other prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation as described within these Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates

The Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP). The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Estimates are revised as additional information becomes available. Estimates and assumptions are used for, but not limited to, asbestos-related liabilities and recoveries from insurers and other responsible parties, revenue recognition, income tax contingency accruals and valuation allowances, postretirement obligations and assets, goodwill and other intangible asset impairment testing, environmental liabilities, allowance for doubtful accounts and inventory valuation. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Principles of Consolidation

Principles of Consolidation

Our consolidated financial statements include the accounts of all majority-owned subsidiaries. ITT consolidates companies in which it has a controlling financial interest or when ITT is considered the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity. We account for investments in companies over which we have the ability to exercise significant influence, but do not hold a controlling interest under the equity method, and we record our proportionate share of income or losses in the Consolidated Income Statements. The results of companies acquired or disposed of during the fiscal year are included in the Consolidated Financial Statements from the effective date of acquisition or up to the date of disposal or distribution. All intercompany transactions have been eliminated.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition

Revenue is derived from the sale of products and services to customers. The following revenue recognition policies describe the manner in which we account for different classes of revenue transactions.

Revenue is recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the sales price is fixed or determinable, collectability is reasonably assured and delivery has occurred or services have been rendered. For product sales, other than long-term construction and production-type contracts (referred to as design and build arrangements), we recognize revenue at the time title and risks and rewards of ownership pass to the customer, which is generally when products are shipped, and the contractual terms have been fulfilled. Certain contracts with customers require delivery, installation, testing, certification or other acceptance provisions to be satisfied before revenue is recognized. In instances where contractual terms include a provision for customer acceptance, revenue is recognized when either (i) we have previously demonstrated that the product meets the specified criteria based on either seller or customer-specified objective criteria or (ii) on formal acceptance received from the customer where the product has not been previously demonstrated to meet customer-specified objective criteria.

We recognize revenue on product sales to channel partners, including resellers, distributors or value-added solution providers at the time of sale when the channel partners have economic substance apart from ITT and ITT has completed its obligations related to the sale. Revenue on service and repair contracts is recognized after services have been agreed to by the customer and rendered or over the service period.

Effective January 1, 2011, we adopted amended guidance on the accounting for revenue arrangements that contain multiple elements. The amended guidance was applied to new arrangements or arrangements materially modified on or after January 1, 2011 on a prospective basis.

For multiple deliverable arrangements entered into or materially modified on or after January 1, 2011, we recognize revenue based on the relative selling price if the deliverable has stand-alone value to the customer and, in arrangements that include a general right of return relative to the delivered element, performance of the undelivered element is considered probable and substantially in the Company’s control. The selling price for a deliverable is based on vendor-specific objective evidence of selling price (VSOE), if available, third-party evidence of selling price (TPE), if VSOE is not available, or best estimated selling price (BESP), if neither VSOE nor TPE is available.

The deliverables in our arrangements with multiple elements include various products and may include related services, such as installation and start-up services. We allocate arrangement consideration based on the relative selling prices of the separate units of accounting determined in accordance with the hierarchy described above. For deliverables that are sold separately, we establish VSOE based on the price when the deliverable is sold separately. We establish TPE, generally for services, based on prices similarly situated customers pay for similar services from third party vendors. For those deliverables for which we are unable to establish VSOE or TPE, we estimate the selling price considering various factors including market and pricing trends, geography, product customization, and profit objectives. Revenue for multiple element arrangements is recognized when the appropriate revenue recognition criteria for the individual deliverable have been satisfied.

For arrangements entered into prior to January 1, 2011 and not subsequently materially modified, if objective and reliable evidence of fair value existed for all of the units of accounting identified, the transaction consideration was allocated based on the relative fair values of the units of accounting. Alternatively, when the evidence of fair value existed for the delivered items, but not the undelivered items, the arrangement consideration was allocated using the residual method.

We recognize revenue on certain design and build projects using the completed contract method. Amounts invoiced to customers in excess of revenue recognized are recorded as deferred revenue, until the revenue recognition criteria are satisfied, and are recorded as a component of accrued liabilities.

During the performance of design and build arrangements, estimated final contract prices and costs are reviewed quarterly. Provisions for estimated losses on uncompleted design and build arrangements are recognized in the period in which such losses are determined. Provisions for estimated losses are recorded as a component of costs of revenue.

We record a reduction in revenue at the time of sale for estimated product returns, rebates and other allowances, based on historical experience and known trends.

Revenue is reported net of any required taxes collected from customers and remitted to government authorities, with the collected taxes recorded as current liabilities until remitted to the relevant government authority.

Shipping and Handling Costs

Shipping and Handling Costs

Shipping and handling costs are recorded as a component of costs of revenue.

Product Warranties

Product Warranties

Our standard product warranty terms generally include post-sales support and repairs or replacement of a product at no additional charge for a specified period of time. Accruals for estimated expenses related to product warranties are made at the time revenue is recognized and are recorded as a component of costs of revenue. We estimate the liability for warranty claims based on our standard warranties, the historical frequency of claims and the cost to replace or repair our products under warranty. Factors that influence our warranty liability include the number of units sold, the length of warranty term, historical and anticipated rates of warranty claims and the cost per claim.

Asbestos-Related Liabilities and Assets

Asbestos-Related Liabilities and Assets

ITT has been named as a defendant in numerous product liability lawsuits alleging personal injury due to asbestos exposure. We accrue the estimated value of pending claims and unasserted claims estimated to be filed over the next 10 years, including legal fees, on an undiscounted basis. Assumptions utilized in estimating the liability for both pending and unasserted claims include: disease type, average settlement costs, percentage of claims settled or dismissed, the number of claims estimated to be filed against the Company in the future and the costs to defend such claims. In light of the uncertainties and variables inherent in the long-term projection of the Company’s asbestos liability, although it is probable that the Company will incur additional costs for asbestos claims filed beyond the next 10 years, we do not believe there is a reasonable basis for estimating those costs at this time.

The Company has also recorded an asbestos-related asset, comprised predominantly of insurance receivables and expected recoveries from other responsible parties. The asbestos-related asset represents our best estimate of probable recoveries from third parties for pending claims, as well as unasserted claims estimated to be filed over the next 10 years. In developing this estimate, the Company considers coverage-in-place and other settlement agreements with its insurers and other contractual agreements with responsible parties, as well as a review of expected levels of future cost recovery, the financial viability of the insurance companies or other responsible parties, the method by which losses will be allocated to the various insurance policies and the years covered by those policies, and interpretation of the various policy and contract terms and limits and their interrelationships.

As part of our ongoing review of our net asbestos exposure, each quarter we assess the most recent data available for the key inputs and assumptions, comparing the data to the expectations on which the most recent annual liability and asset estimates were based. Provided the quarterly review does not indicate a more detailed evaluation of our asbestos exposure is required, each quarter, we record a net asbestos expense to maintain a rolling 10-year time horizon. In the third quarter each year we conduct a detailed study with the assistance of outside consultants to review and update, as appropriate, the underlying assumptions used to estimate our asbestos liability and related assets, including a reassessment of the time horizon over which a reasonable estimate of unasserted claims can be projected.

Postretirement Benefit Plans

Postretirement Benefit Plans

ITT sponsors pension and other employee-related defined benefit plans (collectively, postretirement benefit plans) for certain employees around the world. Postretirement benefit obligations are generally determined, where applicable, based on participant years of service, future compensation, age at retirement or termination, and medical cost trends. The determination of projected benefit obligations and the recognition of expenses related to postretirement benefit plans are dependent on various assumptions that are judgmental and developed in consultation with our actuaries and other advisors. The major assumptions involved in the measurement of our postretirement benefit plan obligations and net periodic postretirement costs primarily relate to discount rates, long-term expected rates of return on plan assets, mortality and termination rates, health care inflation trend rates and other factors. Management develops each assumption using relevant company experience in conjunction with market-related data for each individual country in which such plans exist. Actual results that differ from our assumptions are accumulated and amortized over the estimated future working life of the plan participants. For the recognition of net periodic postretirement cost, the calculation of the long-term expected return on plan assets is generally derived using a market-related value of plan assets based on yearly average asset values at the measurement date over the last five years.

The fair value of plan assets is estimated based on market prices or estimated fair value at the measurement date. See Note 17, “Postretirement Benefit Plans,” for further information on the measurement of plan assets.

The funded status of each plan is recorded on our balance sheet. Actuarial gains and losses and prior service costs or credits that have not yet been recognized through net (loss) income are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) within shareholders’ equity, net of taxes, until they are amortized as a component of net periodic postretirement cost.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-based awards issued to employees and non-employee directors include non-qualified stock options, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units, and certain liability-based awards. Compensation costs resulting from share-based payment transactions are recognized primarily within general and administrative expenses, at fair value over the requisite service period (typically three years) on a straight-line basis. The amount of compensation recognized includes an adjustment based on an estimate of awards ultimately expected to vest. The fair value of a non-qualified stock option is determined on the date of grant using a binomial lattice pricing model incorporating multiple and variable assumptions over time, including assumptions such as employee exercise patterns, stock price volatility and changes in dividends. The fair value of restricted stock awards is determined using the closing price of the Company’s common stock on date of grant. The fair value of our liability-based awards, including cash awards under our Long-Term Incentive Plan, is reassessed at the end of each reporting period.

Restructuring

Restructuring

We periodically initiate management approved restructuring activities to achieve cost savings through reduced operational redundancies and to strategically position ourselves in the market in response to prevailing economic conditions and associated customer demand. Costs associated with restructuring actions can include severance, infrastructure charges to vacate facilities or consolidate operations, contract termination costs and other related charges. For involuntary separation plans, a liability is recognized when it is probable and reasonably estimable. For voluntary separation plans, a liability is recognized when the employee irrevocably accepts the voluntary termination. For one-time termination benefits, such as additional severance pay or benefit payouts, and other exit costs, such as lease termination costs, the liability is measured and recognized initially at fair value in the period in which the liability is incurred, with subsequent changes to the liability recognized as adjustments in the period of change.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

We determine the provision for income taxes using the asset and liability approach. Under this approach, deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the estimated future tax effects of differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities, applying currently enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which we expect the differences will reverse. We record a valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets when uncertainty regarding their realizability exists.

In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, we consider all available evidence, including the future reversal of existing taxable temporary differences, taxable income in carryback periods, prudent and feasible tax planning strategies, and estimated future taxable income. The valuation allowance can be affected by changes to tax regulations, interpretations and rulings, changes to enacted statutory tax rates, and changes to future taxable income estimates.

The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income (including the reversals of deferred tax liabilities) during the periods in which those deferred tax assets will become deductible. The Company’s management assesses available positive and negative evidence regarding the realizability of its deferred tax assets, and records a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. To form a conclusion, management considers positive evidence in the form of reversing temporary differences, projections of future taxable income and tax planning strategies, and negative evidence such as recent history of losses. Beginning in 2011, the Company is in a cumulative three-year loss position, which we weighted as a significant source of negative evidence indicating the need for a valuation allowance on our net deferred tax assets. Since the Company was in a three-year cumulative loss position at the end of 2011, management determined that the size and frequency of the losses from continuing operations in recent years and the uncertainty associated with projecting future taxable income supported the conclusion that a valuation allowance was required to reduce its deferred tax assets. If ITT achieves profitability in future periods, then management will evaluate whether its recent history of profitability constitutes sufficient positive evidence to support a reversal of a portion, or all, of the remaining valuation allowance.

We have not provided deferred tax liabilities for the impact of U.S income taxes on undistributed foreign earnings which we plan to reinvest indefinitely outside the United States. We have recorded deferred tax liabilities for the impact of U.S income taxes on undistributed foreign earnings which are not indefinitely reinvested outside the United States. We plan foreign earnings remittance amounts based on projected cash flow needs, as well as the working capital and long-term investment requirements of foreign subsidiaries and our domestic operations.

Furthermore, we recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position in consideration of applicable tax statutes and related interpretations and precedents and the expected outcome of the proceedings (or negotiations) with the taxing authorities. Tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such a position are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized on ultimate settlement.

Earnings Per Share

Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per common share considers the weighted average number of common shares outstanding, as well as outstanding unvested share-based payment awards that contain rights to nonforfeitable dividends. Diluted earnings per share considers the outstanding shares utilized in the basic earnings per share calculation as well as the dilutive effect of outstanding stock options and restricted stock that do not contain rights to nonforfeitable dividends. Diluted shares outstanding include the dilutive effect of in-the-money options, unvested restricted stock and unvested restricted stock units. The dilutive effect of such equity awards is calculated based on the average share price for each reporting period using the treasury stock method. Common stock equivalents are excluded from the computation of earnings per share if they have an anti-dilutive effect.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents

ITT considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity or remaining maturity at time of purchase of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

Concentrations of Credit Risk

Concentrations of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject ITT to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents and, accounts receivable from trade customers. We maintain cash and cash equivalents with various financial institutions located in different geographical regions, and our policy is designed to limit exposure with any one institution. As part of our cash and risk management processes, we perform periodic evaluations of the relative credit standing of the financial institutions. We have not sustained any material credit losses during the previous three years from instruments held at financial institutions.

Credit risk with respect to accounts receivable is generally diversified due to the large number of entities comprising ITT’s customer base and their dispersion across many different industries and geographic regions. ITT performs ongoing credit evaluations of the financial condition of its third-party distributors, resellers and other customers and requires collateral, such as letters of credit and bank guarantees, in certain circumstances.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

We determine our allowance for doubtful accounts using a combination of factors to reduce our trade receivables balances to their estimated net realizable amount. We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts based on a variety of factors, including the length of time receivables are past due, macroeconomic trends and conditions, significant one-time events, historical experience and the financial condition of customers. We record a specific reserve for individual accounts when we become aware of specific customer circumstances, such as in the case of bankruptcy filings or deterioration in the customer’s operating results or financial position. The past due or delinquency status of a receivable is based on the contractual payment terms of the receivable. If circumstances related to the specific customer change, we adjust estimates of the recoverability of receivables as appropriate.

Inventories

Inventories

Inventories, which include the costs of material, labor and overhead, are stated at the lower of cost or market, with cost generally computed on a first-in, first-out (FIFO) basis. Estimated losses from obsolete and slow-moving inventories are recorded to reduce inventory values to their estimated net realizable value. Inventory write-downs are measured as the difference between the cost of the inventory and market based assumptions about future demand and is charged to cost of sales. At the point of loss recognition, a new cost basis for that inventory is established and subsequent changes in facts and circumstances do not result in a recovery in carrying value. Inventories valued under the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method represent 17.6% and 12.8% of total 2011 and 2010 inventories, respectively. We have a LIFO reserve of $8 and $7 recorded as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.

Cost of sales is reported using standard cost techniques with full overhead absorption, which generally approximates actual cost.

Plant, Property and Equipment

Plant, Property and Equipment

Plant, property and equipment, including capitalized interest applicable to major project expenditures, are recorded at cost. Depreciation is computed on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows: buildings and improvements – five to 40 years, machinery and equipment – two to 10 years, furniture and office equipment – three to seven years, and other – five to 40 years. Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the life of the lease or the asset, whichever is shorter. Fully depreciated assets are retained in property and accumulated depreciation accounts until disposal. Repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred.

The Company enters into operating and capital leases for the use of premises and equipment. Rent expense related to operating lease agreements are recorded on a straight line basis, considering lease incentives and escalating rental payments.

Capitalized Internal Use Software

Capitalized Internal Use Software

Costs incurred in the preliminary project stage of developing or acquiring internal use software are expensed as incurred. After the preliminary project stage is completed, management has approved the project and it is probable that the project will be completed and the software will be used for its intended purpose, ITT capitalizes certain internal and external costs incurred to acquire or create internal use software, principally related to software coding, designing system interfaces and installation and testing of the software. ITT amortizes capitalized internal use software costs using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the software, generally from three to seven years.

Investments in Corporate-Owned Life Insurance

Investments in Corporate-Owned Life Insurance

Investments in corporate-owned life insurance (COLI) policies are recorded at their cash surrender values as of each balance sheet date. The total amounts related to the Company’s investments in COLI policies are included in other non-current assets in the consolidated balance sheets and were $79 and $76 at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Changes in the cash surrender value during the period are recorded as a gain or loss within operating expenses and were not material in the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009. These investments were made with the intention of utilizing them as a long-term funding source for deferred compensation obligations, which as of December 31, 2011 and 2010 were approximately $20 and $16, respectively, however, the COLI policies do not represent a committed funding source for these obligations and as such they are subject to claims from creditors, and we can designate them for another purpose at any time.

Long-Lived Asset Impairment

Long-Lived Asset Impairment

Long-lived assets, including intangible assets with finite lives and capitalized internal use software, are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate their carrying value may not be recoverable. We assess the recoverability of long-lived assets based on the undiscounted future cash flow the assets are expected to generate and recognize an impairment loss when estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset plus net proceeds expected from disposition of the asset, if any, are less than the carrying value of the asset. When an impairment is identified, we reduce the carrying amount of the asset to its estimated fair value based on a discounted cash flow approach or, when available and appropriate, to comparable market values.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill represents purchase consideration paid in a business combination that exceeds the values assigned to the net assets of acquired businesses. Intangible assets include customer relationships, proprietary technology, trademarks, patents and other intangible assets. Intangible assets with a finite life are generally amortized on a straight-line basis over an estimated economic useful life, which generally range from 15-20 years, and are tested for impairment if indicators of impairment are identified. Certain of our intangible assets have an indefinite life, namely certain brands and trademarks.

Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized, but rather are tested for impairment annually (or more frequently if impairment indicators arise, such as changes to the reporting unit structure, significant adverse changes in the business climate or an adverse action or assessment by a regulator). We conduct our annual impairment testing on the first day of the fourth fiscal quarter. For goodwill, the impairment test is a two-step test. In the first step, the estimated fair value of each reporting unit is compared to the carrying value of the net assets assigned to that reporting unit. If the estimated fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, goodwill is not impaired and the second step of the impairment test is not performed. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value, then the second step of the impairment test is performed in order to measure the impairment loss to be recorded, if any. If the carrying value of a reporting unit’s goodwill exceeds its implied fair value, then we record an impairment loss equal to the difference. We estimate the fair value of our reporting units and indefinite-lived intangible assets using an income approach. Under the income approach, we estimate fair value based on the present value of estimated future cash flows.

Business Combinations

Business Combinations

ITT allocates the purchase price of its acquisitions to the tangible and intangible assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and non-controlling interests acquired based on their estimated fair value at the acquisition date. Changes to acquisition date fair values prior to the expiration of the measurement period, a period not to exceed 12 months from date of acquisition, are recorded as an adjustment to the associated goodwill. Changes to acquisition date fair values after expiration of the measurement period are recorded in earnings. The excess of the acquisition price over those estimated fair values is recorded as goodwill. Acquisition-related expenses and restructuring costs are recognized separately from the business combination and are expensed as incurred.

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies

We record accruals for commitments and loss contingencies for those which are both probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. In addition, legal fees are accrued for cases where a loss is probable and the related fees can be reasonably estimated. Significant judgment is required to determine both probability and the estimated amount of loss. We review these accruals quarterly and adjust the accruals to reflect the impact of negotiations, settlements, rulings, advice of legal counsel, and other current information.

Environmental Liabilities

Environmental Liabilities

Accruals for environmental matters are recorded on a site-by-site basis when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the liability can be reasonably estimated, based on current law and existing technologies. Our estimated liability is reduced to reflect the participation of other potentially responsible parties in those instances where it is probable that such parties are legally responsible and financially capable of paying their respective shares of the relevant costs. Accruals for environmental liabilities are primarily included in other non-current liabilities at undiscounted amounts and exclude claims for recoveries from insurance companies or other third parties.

Foreign Currency Translation

Foreign Currency Translation

The national currencies of our foreign subsidiaries are generally the functional currencies. Balance sheet accounts are translated at the exchange rate in effect at the end of each period, except for equity which is translated at historical rates; income statement accounts are translated at the average rates of exchange prevailing during the period. Gains and losses resulting from foreign currency translation are reflected in the cumulative translation adjustments component of shareholders’ equity.

For foreign subsidiaries that do not use the local currency as their functional currency, foreign currency assets and liabilities are remeasured to the foreign subsidiary’s functional currency using end of period exchange rates, except for nonmonetary balance sheet accounts, which are remeasured at historical exchange rates.

For transactions denominated in other than the functional currency, revenue and expenses are remeasured at average exchange rates in effect during the reporting period in which the transactions occurred, except for expenses related to nonmonetary assets and liabilities. Transaction gains or losses from foreign currency remeasurement are reported in general and administrative expenses.

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements

We determine fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. We prioritize the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels based on the observability of the input. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1), then to quoted market prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets (Level 2) and gives the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3).

Derivative Financial Instruments

Derivative Financial Instruments

ITT uses derivative financial instruments, primarily foreign currency forward contracts, to mitigate exposure from foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations as it pertains to intercompany transactions. We do not use derivative instruments for speculative purposes. We record derivatives at their fair value as either an asset or liability. We include adjustments to reflect changes in fair values of derivatives in earnings as these contracts are not designated as hedges. The amount of gains and losses recorded related to our foreign currency exchange contracts and the net fair value of our outstanding contracts was not material as of and for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009. Such contracts involve the risk of non-performance by the counterparty. The fair values associated with the foreign currency contracts have been determined using the net position of the contracts and the applicable spot rates and forward rates as of the reporting date.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2010, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued additional guidance applicable to the testing of goodwill for potential impairment. Specifically, for reporting units with zero or negative carrying amounts, an entity is required to perform the second step of the goodwill impairment test (a comparison between the carrying amount of a reporting unit’s goodwill to its implied fair value) if it is more likely than not that a goodwill impairment exists, considering any adverse qualitative factors. This guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2010. As of the date of our annual and interim goodwill impairment tests, none of our reporting units were affected by the application of this guidance as each reporting unit had a carrying amount that exceeded zero.

In April 2010, the FASB issued authoritative guidance permitting use of the milestone method of revenue recognition for research or development arrangements that contain payment provisions or consideration contingent on the achievement of specified events. On January 1, 2011, we adopted the new guidance on a prospective basis. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In October 2009, the FASB issued amended guidance on the accounting for revenue arrangements that contain multiple elements by eliminating the criteria that objective and reliable evidence of fair value for undelivered products or services needs to exist in order to be able to account separately for deliverables and eliminating the use of the residual method of allocating arrangement consideration. The amendments establish a hierarchy for determining the selling price of a deliverable and will allow for the separation of products and services in more instances than previously permitted.

We adopted the new multiple element guidance effective January 1, 2011 for new arrangements entered into or arrangements materially modified on or after that date on a prospective basis. The adoption of the new multiple element guidance did not result in a material change in either the units of accounting or the pattern or timing of revenue recognition. Additionally, the adoption of the revised multiple element arrangement guidance did not have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In October 2009, the FASB amended the accounting requirements for software revenue recognition. The objective of this update is to address the accounting for revenue arrangements that contain tangible products and software. Specifically, products that contain software that is “more than incidental” to the product as a whole will be removed from the scope of the software revenue recognition literature. The amendments align the accounting for these revenue transaction types with the amendments described for multiple element arrangements above. We adopted the provisions of this guidance for new or materially modified arrangements entered into on or after January 1, 2011 on a prospective basis. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In September 2011, the FASB provided companies with the option to make an initial qualitative evaluation, based on the entity’s events and circumstances, to determine the likelihood of goodwill impairment. The result of this qualitative assessment determines whether it is necessary to perform the currently required two-step impairment test. If it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, a company would be required to perform the two-step impairment test. This guidance is effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011, with early adoption permitted. The Company could elect to apply the option in future goodwill impairment tests; however, the amendments are not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

In May 2011, the FASB issued guidance intended to achieve common fair value measurements and related disclosures between U.S. GAAP and international accounting standards. The amendments primarily clarify existing fair value guidance and are not intended to change the application of existing fair value measurement guidance. However, the amendments include certain instances where a particular principle or requirement for measuring fair value or disclosing information about fair value measurements has changed. This guidance is effective for the periods beginning after December 15, 2011 and early application is prohibited. We will adopt these amendments on January 1, 2012; however, the requirements are not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.