Long-Term Incentive Employee Compensation

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Long-Term Incentive Employee Compensation

LONG-TERM INCENTIVE EMPLOYEE COMPENSATION

The 2011 Omnibus Incentive Plan (2011 Incentive Plan) was approved by shareholders and established in May of 2011 to provide for the awarding of options on common shares and full value restricted common shares or units to employees and non-employee directors. As of December 31, 2019, 37.5 shares were available for future grants under the 2011 Incentive Plan. The Company makes shares available for the exercise of stock options or vesting of restricted shares or units by purchasing shares in the open market.

Our long-term incentive plan (LTIP) awards are comprised of two components: restricted stock units (RSUs) and performance stock units (PSUs). Prior to 2017, our LTIP awards also included non-qualified stock options (NQOs). The majority of RSUs settle in shares; however RSUs and PSUs granted to certain international employees are settled in cash. We account for NQOs and equity-settled RSUs and PSUs as equity-based compensation awards and cash-settled RSUs and PSUs are accounted for as liability-based awards. PSUs contain equally weighted performance conditions for total shareholder return (TSR) and return on invested capital (ROIC). PSUs vest based on predetermined performance metrics that align with the Company's stock price and financial performance following a three-year performance period and are subject to a payout factor which includes a maximum and minimum payout. PSUs are accounted for as two distinct awards, a TSR award and a ROIC award.

LTIP costs are primarily recorded within general and administrative expenses, at fair value over the requisite service period (typically three years) on a straight-line basis and are reduced by forfeitures as they occur. These costs impacted our consolidated results of operations as follows:

	2019		2018		2017
Equity-based awards	$	15.7	$	21.6	$	18.1
Liability-based awards	2.8		1.5		2.8
Total share-based compensation expense	$	18.5	$	23.1	$	20.9

As of December 31, 2019, there was $16.8 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested equity awards. This cost is expected to be recognized ratably over a weighted-average period of 1.7 years. Additionally, unrecognized compensation cost related to liability-based awards was $1.6, which is expected to be recognized ratably over a weighted-average period of 1.4 years.

Non-Qualified Stock Options

NQOs generally vest over or at the conclusion of a 3-year period and are exercisable over 10 years, except in certain instances of death, retirement or disability. The weighted average exercise price per share is the fair market value of the underlying common stock on the date each option is granted.

A summary of activity related to our NQOs as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 is presented below.

	2019				2018				2017
Stock Options	Shares		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Shares		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Shares		Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding – January 1	0.7		$	35.04	0.9		$	34.07	1.4		$	30.57
Granted	—		—		—		—		—		—
Exercised	(0.4	)	36.08		(0.2	)	30.52		(0.5	)	22.95
Forfeited or expired	—		—		—		—		—		—
Outstanding – December 31	0.3		$	33.55	0.7		$	35.04	0.9		$	34.07
Options exercisable – December 31	0.3		$	33.55	0.5		$	36.04	0.5		$	32.24

The aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised (which is the amount by which the stock price exceeded the exercise price of the options on the date of exercise) as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 was $11.1, $4.5 and $10.6, respectively.

The amount of cash received from the exercise of stock options was $14.9, $5.8 and $11.2 for 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The income tax benefit realized during 2019, 2018 and 2017 associated with exercised stock options and vested restricted stock was $6.5, $3.0 and $7.0, respectively. Excess tax benefits arising from exercised stock options and vested restricted stock were $4.6, $2.2 and $2.7 for 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

The following table summarizes information about our outstanding and exercisable stock options at December 31, 2019.

Exercise Prices	Number of shares	Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
$19.97 - $26.76	0.1	2.3	5.0
$33.01	0.1	6.1	2.9
$41.52 - $43.52	0.1	4.9	3.7
	0.3	4.3	$	11.6

As of December 31, 2019, there were no options "out-of-the-money" and all options outstanding were fully vested. The aggregate intrinsic value in the preceding table represents the total pre-tax intrinsic value, based on ITT’s closing stock price of $73.91 as of December 31, 2019, which would have been received by the option holders had all option holders exercised their options as of that date.

The fair value of each option grant was estimated on the date of grant using the binomial lattice pricing model which incorporates multiple and variable assumptions over time, including assumptions such as employee exercise patterns, stock price volatility and changes in dividends. There were no NQOs granted in 2019, 2018 or 2017.

Restricted Stock Units and Performance Stock Units

The fair value of equity-settled restricted stock units is determined using the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. The fair value of cash-settled RSUs is remeasured using the closing price of ITT's common stock at the end of each reporting period. Recipients do not have voting rights and do not receive cash dividends during the restriction period. Dividend equivalents on RSUs, which are subject to forfeiture, are accrued and paid in cash upon vesting of the RSU. If a recipient retires or is terminated other than for cause, a pro rata portion of the RSU may vest.

For PSUs, the fair value of the ROIC award is based on the closing price of ITT common stock on the date of grant less the present value of expected dividend payments during the vesting period. For ROIC awards granted in 2019, a dividend yield of 1.01% was assumed based on ITT's annualized dividend payment of $0.588 per share and the March 4, 2019 closing stock price of $58.36. The fair value of the ROIC award is fixed on the grant date; however, a probability assessment is performed each reporting period to estimate the likelihood of achieving the ROIC targets and the amount of compensation to be recognized.

The fair value of the TSR award is measured using a Monte Carlo simulation on the date of grant, measuring potential total shareholder return for ITT relative to the other companies in the S&P 400 Capital Goods Index (the TSR Performance Group). The expected volatility of ITT's stock price is based on the historical volatility of a peer group while expected volatility for the other companies in the TSR Performance Group is based on their own stock price history. For TSR awards granted in 2019, all volatility and correlation measures were based on three years of daily historical price data through March 4, 2019, corresponding to the three-year performance period of the award. As the grant date occurs after the beginning of the performance period, actual TSR performance between the beginning of the performance period (December average closing stock price) and the grant date was reflected in the valuation. For TSR awards granted in 2019, a dividend yield of 1.01% was assumed based on ITT's annualized dividend payment of $0.588 per share and the March 4, 2019 closing stock price of $58.36.

The table below provides a rollforward of outstanding RSUs and PSUs for each of the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017.

	2019				2018				2017
Restricted Stock and Performance Units	Shares		Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value		Shares		Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value		Shares		Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding – January 1	1.2		$	42.94	1.2		$	38.74	1.1		$	38.24
Granted	0.3		60.91		0.4		54.79		0.5		42.52
Performance adjustment(a)	0.1		44.87		—		—		—		—
Vested and issued	(0.6	)	38.03		(0.3	)	41.09		(0.2	)	41.42
Forfeited	—		—		(0.1	)	42.55		(0.2	)	41.75
Outstanding – December 31	1.0		$	51.24	1.2		$	42.94	1.2		$	38.74
Vested pending issuance	0.2		$	44.87	0.2		$	33.27	0.1		$	42.90

(a) Represents an adjustment for performance results achieved related to outstanding PSU shares that vested during the period and are pending issuance.

The table below provides the number of the outstanding shares by award type as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017. Cash settled PSUs outstanding are not material.

	2019	2018	2017
Equity settled RSUs	0.5	0.7	0.7
Cash settled RSUs	0.1	0.1	0.1
PSUs	0.4	0.4	0.4

As of December 31, 2019, substantially all RSUs outstanding are expected to vest. As of December 31, 2019, the total number of PSUs expected to vest based on current performance estimates, including those vested but pending issuance, was 0.6.