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Income Taxes
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
INCOME TAXES
 
The provision for income taxes includes effects from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“TCJA”) for changes that became effective January 1, 2018. We have incorporated provisional estimates for these new TCJA provisions as part of our forecasted annual effective tax rate. For the period ended March 31, 2018, we have not recorded any adjusted tax impacts with respect to provisional amounts previously recorded at December 31, 2017 for deferred tax balances and the one-time transition tax. We are still refining our calculations and interpreting recent guidance on both the federal and state level which could change these provisional tax amounts. No material changes are anticipated.

We determine our deferred tax assets and liabilities based upon the difference between the financial statement and tax bases of our assets and liabilities, calculated using enacted applicable tax rates.  We then assess the likelihood that our deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income and, to the extent we believe that recovery is not likely, we establish a valuation allowance.  Changes in the valuation allowance, when recorded, are included in the provision for income taxes in the condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
Our unrecognized tax benefits of $2,426 and $2,318 at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, are uncertain tax positions that would impact our effective tax rate if recognized.  We are periodically engaged in tax return examinations, reviews of statute of limitations periods, and settlements surrounding income taxes. We do not anticipate a material change in unrecognized tax benefits during the next twelve months.

We classify interest expense and penalties as part of our provision for income taxes based upon applicable federal and state interest/underpayment percentages.  We have accrued $1,022 and $983 in interest and penalties at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.  Interest was computed on the difference between the provision for income taxes recognized in accordance with GAAP and the amount of benefit previously taken or expected to be taken in our federal, state, and local income tax returns.
 
Our federal income tax returns for the tax years 2014 and forward are available for examination by the United States Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”).  The statute of limitations for the 2014 federal return will expire on September 15, 2018, unless extended by consent. Our state income tax returns for 2013 through 2017 remain subject to examination by various state authorities with the latest period closing on December 31, 2022.  We have not extended the statutes of limitations in any state jurisdictions with respect to years prior to 2013.