Segments of Business and Geographic Areas - Operating Profit by Segment of Business (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
Sep. 29, 2024	Oct. 01, 2023	Sep. 29, 2024	Oct. 01, 2023
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Worldwide income (loss) before tax	$ 3,338	$ 5,217	$ 12,800	$ 10,236
Percent Change	(36.00%)		25.00%
Charge for purchase of in-process research and development assets			$ 1,252	0
Proceeds from Royalties Received	$ 300		300
Restructuring charges	41	158	192	433
Loss on shares outstanding		600	400
Yellow Jersey Therapeutics
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Charge for purchase of in-process research and development assets	1,250		1,250
Baby Powder \| Talc
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Loss contingency, loss in period	2,000		5,100	7,000
Innovative Medicine
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Restructuring charges		100	100	400
Impairment of intangible assets		200	200	200
Changes in the fair value of securities gain (loss)		(400)		(500)
Litigation expense	400		400
Gain related to litigation settlement				100
MedTech
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Restructuring charges		200	100	200
Acquisition related costs	300		900	100
Gain from divestiture of business			200
Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total segment operating income	$ 5,541	5,979	$ 18,578	18,273
Percent Change	(7.30%)		1.70%
Restructuring charges	$ 47	384	$ 207	659
Operating Segments \| Innovative Medicine
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total segment operating income	$ 4,482	4,794	$ 14,910	14,008
Percent Change	(6.50%)		6.40%
Amortization	$ 700	700	$ 2,100	2,200
Other cost of operating revenue		100		700
Restructuring charges	19	149	100	424
Operating Segments \| MedTech
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total segment operating income	$ 1,059	1,185	$ 3,668	4,265
Percent Change	(10.60%)		(14.00%)
Amortization	$ 500	400	$ 1,300	1,100
Restructuring charges	28	235	107	235
Corporate, Non-Segment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total segment operating income	$ 2,203	$ 762	$ 5,778	$ 8,037

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