Segments of Business and Geographic Areas - Operating Profit by Segment of Business (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jul. 02, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jul. 02, 2023
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Worldwide income (loss) before tax	$ 5,748	$ 6,306	$ 9,462	$ 5,019
Percent Change	(8.80%)		88.50%
Restructuring charges	$ (13)	145	$ 151	275
Loss on shares outstanding	400		400
Baby Powder | Talc
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Loss contingency, loss in period	300	200	3,000	7,100
Innovative Medicine
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Restructuring charges		100	100	300
Restructuring income	100
Impairment of intangible assets	200		200
MedTech
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Restructuring charges	100		100
Litigation settlement, gain		300		300
Acquisition related costs	600		600	100
Gain from divestiture of business	200		200
Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total segment operating income	$ 6,548	6,483	$ 13,037	12,294
Percent Change	1.00%		6.00%
Restructuring charges	$ (11)		$ 160
Operating Segments | Innovative Medicine
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total segment operating income	$ 5,459	4,812	$ 10,428	9,214
Percent Change	13.40%		13.20%
Amortization	$ 700	700	$ 1,400	1,500
Restructuring charges	(63)		81
Other cost of operating revenue	100	200	100	600
Operating Segments | MedTech
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total segment operating income	$ 1,089	1,671	$ 2,609	3,080
Percent Change	(34.80%)		(15.30%)
Amortization	$ 400	400	$ 800	800
Restructuring charges	52		79
Corporate, Non-Segment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total segment operating income	$ 800	$ 177	$ 3,575	$ 7,275