Segments of Business and Geographic Areas - Operating Profit by Segment of Business (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Apr. 02, 2023
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Worldwide income (loss) before tax	$ 3,714	$ (1,287)
Percent Change
Restructuring charges	$ 164	130
Baby Powder | Talc
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Loss contingency, loss in period	2,700	6,900
Innovative Medicine
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Restructuring charges	100	100
Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total segment operating income	$ 6,489	5,811
Percent Change	11.70%
Restructuring charges	$ 171
Operating Segments | Innovative Medicine
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total segment operating income	$ 4,969	4,402
Percent Change	12.90%
Amortization	$ 700	700
Restructuring charges	144
Other cost of operating revenue		400
Operating Segments | MedTech
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total segment operating income	$ 1,520	1,409
Percent Change	7.90%
Amortization	$ 400	400
Restructuring charges	27
Corporate, Non-Segment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total segment operating income	$ 2,775	$ 7,098