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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates in measuring assets and liabilities and related revenues and expenses. These estimates involve judgments about various future economic factors that are difficult to predict and are beyond our control; therefore, actual results could differ from these estimates. As additional information becomes available, or actual amounts are determined, recorded estimates are revised. Consequently, operating results can be affected by revisions to prior accounting estimates.

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment are stated at original cost less accumulated depreciation or fair value, if impaired. Costs include direct labor, materials and third-party construction contractor costs, allowance for funds used during construction ("AFUDC"), and certain indirect costs related to equipment and employees engaged in construction. The costs of repairs and minor replacements are charged to expense as incurred, and the costs of major renewals and betterments are capitalized. Upon retirement or disposition of property within the regulated businesses, the gain or loss, net of salvage value, is charged to accumulated depreciation. Upon retirement or disposition of property owned by the unregulated businesses, the gain or loss, net of salvage value, is charged to income. A summary of property, plant and equipment for continuing operations by classification as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 is provided in the following table:



	As of December 31,
(in thousands)	2019			2018
Property, plant and equipment
Regulated Energy
Natural gas distribution - Delmarva Peninsula and Florida	$	705,095		$	657,630
Natural gas transmission - Delmarva Peninsula, Pennsylvania and Florida	608,727			537,654
Electric distribution	127,651			102,133
Unregulated Energy
Propane operations – Mid-Atlantic and Florida	141,841			123,632
Natural gas transmission and supply – Ohio	73,658			70,225
Electricity and steam generation	35,436			35,239
Mobile CNG and pipeline solutions	14,014			7,240
Other unregulated energy	104			104
Other	40,006			34,584
Total property, plant and equipment	1,746,532			1,568,441
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization	(336,876		)	(294,089		)
Plus: Construction work in progress	54,141			79,168
Net property, plant and equipment	$	1,463,797		$	1,353,520

Contributions or Advances in Aid of Construction

Customer contributions or advances in aid of construction reduce property, plant and equipment, unless the amounts are refundable to customers. Contributions or advances may be refundable to customers after a number of years based on the amount of revenues generated from the customers or the duration of the service provided to the customers. Refundable contributions or advances are recorded initially as liabilities. Non-refundable contributions reduce property, plant and equipment at the time of such determination. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the non-refundable contributions totaled $2.1 million and $2.8 million, respectively.

AFUDC

Some of the additions to our regulated property, plant and equipment include AFUDC, which represents the estimated cost of funds, from both debt and equity sources, used to finance the construction of major projects. AFUDC is capitalized in the applicable rate base for ratemaking purposes when the completed projects are placed in service. During the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, AFUDC totaled $0.7 million and $1.9 million, respectively, which was reflected as a reduction of interest charges. During the year ended December 31, 2017, AFUDC was not material.

Leases

We have entered into lease arrangements for office space, land, equipment, pipeline facilities and warehouses. These leases enable us to conduct our business operations in the regions in which we operate. Our operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use assets, other accrued liabilities, and operating lease - liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets.

Right-of-use assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease right-of-use assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on our balance sheet; we recognize lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Our leases do not provide an implicit lease rate, therefore, we utilize our incremental borrowing rate, as the basis to calculate the present value of future lease payments, at lease commencement. Our incremental borrowing rate represents the rate that we would have to pay to borrow funds on a collateralized basis over a similar term and in a similar economic environment.

We have lease agreements with lease and non-lease components. At the adoption of ASC 842, we elected not to separate non-lease components from all classes of our existing leases. The non-lease components have been accounted for as part of the single lease component to which they are related. See Note 15, Leases for additional information.

Jointly-owned Pipelines

Property, plant and equipment for our Florida natural gas transmission operation also included $6.7 million of assets, at December 31, 2019 and 2018, which consist of the 16-mile pipeline from the Duval/Nassau County line to Amelia Island in Nassau County, Florida, jointly owned with Peoples Gas. The amount included in property, plant and equipment represents Peninsula Pipeline’s 45-percent ownership of this pipeline. Peninsula Pipeline's share of direct expenses for the jointly-owned pipeline are included in operating expenses of our consolidated statements of income. Accumulated depreciation for this pipeline totaled $1.5 million and $1.4 million, at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

In May 2018, Peninsula Pipeline announced a plan to construct a jointly-owned 26-mile intrastate transmission pipeline in Nassau County, Florida with Seacoast Gas Transmission. Peninsula Pipeline's ownership will be 50 percent. The pipeline is expected to be placed in-service during the third quarter of 2020.

Asset Impairment Evaluations

We periodically evaluate whether events or circumstances have occurred, which indicate that other long-lived assets may not be fully recoverable. The determination of whether an impairment has occurred is based on an estimate of undiscounted future cash flows attributable to the asset, compared to the carrying value of the asset. When such events or circumstances are present, we record an impairment loss equal to the excess of the asset's carrying value over its fair value, if any.

Depreciation and Accretion Included in Operations Expenses

We compute depreciation expense for our regulated operations by applying composite, annual rates, as approved by the respective regulatory bodies. The following table shows the average depreciation rates used for regulated operations during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017:



	2019	2018	2017
Natural gas distribution – Delmarva Peninsula	2.5%	2.5%	2.5%
Natural gas distribution – Florida	2.6%	2.9%	2.9%
Natural gas transmission – Delmarva Peninsula	2.6%	2.7%	2.8%
Natural gas transmission – Florida	2.4%	2.3%	3.5%
Electric distribution	3.4%	3.4%	3.4%

For our unregulated operations, we compute depreciation expense on a straight-line basis over the following estimated useful lives of the assets:



Asset Description	Useful Life
Propane distribution mains	10-37 years
Propane bulk plants and tanks	10-40 years
Propane equipment, meters and meter installations	5-33 years
Measuring and regulating station equipment	5-37 years
Natural gas pipelines	45 years
Natural gas right of ways	Perpetual
CHP plant	30 years
Natural gas processing equipment	20-25 years
Office furniture and equipment	3-10 years
Transportation equipment	4-20 years
Structures and improvements	5-45 years
Other	Various

We report certain depreciation and accretion in operations expense, rather than as a depreciation and amortization expense, in the accompanying consolidated statements of income in accordance with industry practice and regulatory requirements. Depreciation and accretion included in operations expense consists of the accretion of the costs of removal for future retirements of utility assets, vehicle depreciation, computer software and hardware depreciation, and other minor amounts of depreciation expense. For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, we reported $8.8 million, $8.5 million and $8.1 million, respectively, of depreciation and accretion in operations expenses.

Regulated Operations

We account for our regulated operations in accordance with ASC Topic 980, Regulated Operations, which includes accounting principles for companies whose rates are determined by independent third-party regulators. When setting rates, regulators often make decisions, the economics of which require companies to defer costs or revenues in different periods than may be appropriate for unregulated enterprises. When this situation occurs, a regulated company defers the associated costs as regulatory assets on the balance sheet and records them as expense on the income statement as it collects revenues. Further, regulators can also impose liabilities upon a regulated company, for amounts previously collected from customers and for recovery of costs that are expected to be incurred in the future, as regulatory liabilities. If we were required to terminate the application of these regulatory provisions to our regulated operations, all such deferred amounts would be recognized in the statement of income at that time, which could have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

We monitor our regulatory and competitive environments to determine whether the recovery of our regulatory assets continues to be probable. If we determined that recovery of these assets is no longer probable, we would write off the assets against earnings. We believe that the provisions of ASC Topic 980, Regulated Operations, continue to apply to our regulated operations and that the recovery of our regulatory assets is probable.

Operating Revenues

Revenue Recognition

Revenues for our natural gas and electric distribution operations are based on rates approved by the PSC in each state in which they operate. Customers’ base rates may not be changed without formal approval by these commissions. The PSCs, however, have authorized our regulated operations to negotiate rates, based on approved methodologies, with customers that have competitive alternatives. Eastern Shore’s revenues are based on rates approved by the FERC. The FERC has also authorized Eastern Shore to negotiate rates above or below the FERC-approved maximum rates, which customers can elect as an alternative to FERC-approved maximum rates.

For regulated deliveries of natural gas and electricity, we read meters and bill customers on monthly cycles that do not coincide with the accounting periods used for financial reporting purposes. We accrue unbilled revenues for natural gas and electricity delivered, but not yet billed, at the end of an accounting period to the extent that they do not coincide. We estimate the amount of the unbilled revenue by jurisdiction and customer class.

All of our regulated natural gas and electric distribution operations have fuel cost recovery mechanisms, except for two utilities that provide only unbundled delivery service (Chesapeake Utilities' Central Florida Gas division and FPU's Indiantown division). These mechanisms allow us to adjust billing rates, without further regulatory approvals, to reflect changes in the cost of purchased fuel. Differences between the cost of fuel purchased and delivered are deferred and accounted for as either unrecovered fuel cost or amounts payable to customers. Generally, these deferred amounts are recovered or refunded within one year.

We charge flexible rates to our natural gas distribution industrial interruptible customers who can use alternative fuels. Interruptible service imposes no contractual obligation to deliver or receive natural gas on a firm service basis.

Our unregulated propane delivery businesses record revenue in the period the products are delivered and/or services are rendered for their bulk delivery customers. For propane customers with meters whose billing cycles do not coincide with our accounting periods, we accrue unbilled revenue for product delivered but not yet billed and bill customers at the end of an accounting period, as we do in our regulated energy businesses.

Our Ohio natural gas transmission/supply operation recognizes revenues based on actual volumes of natural gas shipped using contractual rates based upon index prices that are published monthly.

Eight Flags records revenues based on the amount of electricity and steam generated and sold to its customers.

Our mobile compressed natural gas operation recognizes revenue for CNG services at the end of each calendar month for services provided during the month based on agreed upon rates for labor, equipment utilized, costs incurred for natural gas compression, miles driven, mobilization and demobilization fees.

We report revenue taxes, such as gross receipts taxes, franchise taxes, and sales taxes, on a net basis.

Cost of Sales

Cost of sales includes the direct costs attributable to the products sold or services provided to our customers. These costs include primarily the variable commodity cost of natural gas, electricity and propane, costs of pipeline capacity needed to transport and store natural gas, transmission costs for electricity, costs to gather and process natural gas, costs to transport propane to/from our storage facilities or our mobile CNG equipment to customer locations, and steam and electricity generation costs. Depreciation expense is not included in cost of sales.

Operations and Maintenance Expenses

Operations and maintenance expenses include operations and maintenance salaries and benefits, materials and supplies, usage of vehicles, tools and equipment, payments to contractors, utility plant maintenance, customer service, professional fees and other outside services, insurance expense, minor amounts of depreciation, accretion of removal costs for future retirements of utility assets and other administrative expenses.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Our policy is to invest cash in excess of operating requirements in overnight income-producing accounts. Such amounts are stated at cost, which approximates fair value. Investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased are considered cash equivalents.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Accounts receivable consist primarily of amounts due for sales of natural gas, electricity and propane and transportation and distribution services to customers. An allowance for doubtful accounts is recorded against amounts due based upon our collections experiences and an assessment of our customers’ inability or reluctance to pay. If circumstances change, our estimates of recoverable accounts receivable may also change. Circumstances which could affect such estimates include, but are not limited to, customer credit issues, natural gas, electricity and propane prices and general economic conditions. Accounts are written off when they are deemed to be uncollectible.

Inventories

We use the average cost method to value propane, materials and supplies, and other merchandise inventory. If market prices drop below cost, inventory balances that are subject to price risk are adjusted to their net realizable value. There was no lower-of-cost-or-net realizable value adjustment during 2019, 2018 or 2017.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment at least annually, or more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying value. We use a present value technique based on discounted cash flows to estimate the fair value of our reporting units. An impairment charge is recognized if the carrying value of a reporting unit’s goodwill exceeds its implied fair value. The testing of goodwill for 2019, 2018 and 2017 indicated no goodwill impairment. Other intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated economic useful lives.

Other Deferred Charges

Other deferred charges include primarily issuance costs associated with short-term borrowings. These charges are amortized over the life of the related short-term debt borrowings.

Asset Retirement Obligation [Policy Text Block]

Asset Removal Cost

As authorized by the appropriate regulatory body (state PSC or FERC), we accrue future asset removal costs associated with utility property, plant and equipment even if a legal obligation does not exist. Such accruals are provided for through depreciation expense and are recorded with corresponding credits to regulatory liabilities or assets. When we retire depreciable utility plant and equipment, we charge the associated original costs to accumulated depreciation and amortization, and any related removal costs incurred are charged to regulatory liabilities or assets. The difference between removal costs recognized in depreciation rates and the accretion and depreciation expense recognized for financial reporting purposes is a timing difference between recovery of these costs in rates and their recognition for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, these differences are deferred as regulatory liabilities or assets. In the rate setting process, the regulatory liability or asset is excluded from the rate base upon which those utilities have the opportunity to earn their allowed rates of return. The costs associated with our asset retirement obligations are either currently being recovered in rates or are probable of recovery in future rates

Pension and Other Postretirement Plans

Pension and other postretirement plan costs and liabilities are determined on an actuarial basis and are affected by numerous assumptions and estimates, including the fair value of plan assets, estimates of the expected returns on plan assets, assumed discount rates, the level of contributions made to the plans, and current demographic and actuarial mortality data. We review annually the estimates and assumptions underlying our pension and other postretirement plan costs and liabilities with the assistance of third-party actuarial firms. The assumed discount rates, expected returns on plan assets and the mortality assumption are the factors that generally have the most significant impact on our pension costs and liabilities. The assumed discount rates, health care cost trend rates and rates of retirement generally have the most significant impact on our postretirement plan costs and liabilities.

The discount rates are utilized principally in calculating the actuarial present value of our pension and postretirement obligations and net pension and postretirement costs. When estimating our discount rates, we consider high-quality corporate bond rates, such

as the Prudential curve index and the FTSE Pension Discount curve, formerly the Citigroup yield curve, changes in those rates from the prior year and other pertinent factors, including the expected life of each of our plans and their respective payment options.

The expected long-term rates of return on assets are utilized in calculating the expected returns on the plan assets component of our annual pension plan costs. We estimate the expected returns on plan assets of each of our plans by evaluating expected bond returns, asset allocations, the effects of active plan management, the impact of periodic plan asset rebalancing and historical performance. We also consider the guidance from our investment advisors in making a final determination of our expected rates of return on assets.

We estimate the health care cost trend rates used in determining our postretirement net expense based upon actual health care cost experience, the effects of recently enacted legislation and general economic conditions. Our assumed rate of retirement is estimated based upon our annual reviews of participant census information as of the measurement date.

The mortality assumption used for our pension and postretirement plans is reviewed periodically and is based on the actuarial table that best reflects the expected mortality of the plan participants.

Income Taxes and Investment Tax Credit Adjustments

Income Taxes, Investment Tax Credit Adjustments and Tax-Related Contingency

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded for the income tax effect of temporary differences between the financial statement basis and tax basis of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted income tax rates in effect in the years in which the differences are expected to reverse. Deferred tax assets are recorded net of any valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that such income tax benefits will be realized. Investment tax credits on utility property have been deferred and are allocated to income ratably over the lives of the subject property.

We account for uncertainty in income taxes in our consolidated financial statements only if it is more likely than not that an uncertain tax position is sustainable based on technical merits. Recognizable tax positions are then measured to determine the amount of benefit recognized in the consolidated financial statements. We recognize penalties and interest related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of other income.

We account for contingencies associated with taxes other than income when the likelihood of a loss is both probable and estimable. In assessing the likelihood of a loss, we do not consider the existence of current inquiries, or the likelihood of future inquiries, by tax authorities as a factor. Our assessment is based solely on our application of the appropriate statutes and the likelihood of a loss, assuming the proper inquiries are made by tax authorities.

Financial Instruments

Our propane operations enter into derivative transactions, such as swaps, put options and call options in order to mitigate the impact of wholesale price fluctuations on inventory valuation and future purchase commitments. These transactions may be designated as fair value hedges or cash flow hedges, if they meet all of the accounting requirements pursuant to ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and we elect to designate the instruments as hedges. If designated as a fair value hedge, the value of the hedging instrument, such as a swap, future, or put option, is recorded at fair value, with the effective portion of the gain or loss of the hedging instrument effectively reducing or increasing the value of the hedged item. If designated as a cash flow hedge, the value of the hedging instrument, such as a swap or call option, is recorded at fair value with the effective portion of the gain or loss of the hedging instrument being recorded in comprehensive income. The ineffective portion of the gain or loss of a hedge is recorded in earnings. If the instrument is not designated as a fair value or cash flow hedge, or it does not meet the accounting requirements of a hedge under ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, it is recorded at fair value with all gains or losses being recorded directly in earnings.

Our natural gas, electric and propane operations enter into agreements with suppliers to purchase natural gas, electricity, and propane for resale to our respective customers. Purchases under these contracts, as well as distribution and sales agreements with counterparties or customers, either do not meet the definition of a derivative, or qualify for “normal purchases and sales” treatment under ASC Topic 815 Derivatives and Hedging, and are accounted for on an accrual basis.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

Leases (ASC 842) - In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases, which requires lessees to recognize leases on the balance sheet and disclose key information about leasing arrangements. The standard establishes a right of use model that requires a lessee to recognize a right of use asset and lease liability for all leases with a term greater than 12 months. The update also expands the required quantitative and qualitative disclosures surrounding leases. ASC 842 was subsequently amended by ASU No. 2018-01, Land Easement Practical Expedient for Transition to Topic 842; ASU No. 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases; ASU No. 2018-11, Targeted Improvements; and ASU No. 2019-01, Codification Improvements. We adopted ASU 2016-02 and the related amendments on January 1, 2019, and used the optional transition method for all existing leases. The optional transition method enabled us to adopt the new standard as of the beginning of the period of adoption and did not require

restatement of prior period financial information. As a result, prior period financial information was not recast and continues to be reported under the accounting guidance effective during those periods.

At adoption, we elected the following practical expedients: (1) the ‘package of practical expedients,’ pursuant to which we did not need to reassess our prior conclusions about lease identification, lease classification and initial direct costs, (2) the ‘use-of-hindsight’ practical expedient, which allowed us to use hindsight in assessing impairment of our existing land easements, (3) the creation of an accounting policy for short-term leases resulting in lease payments being recorded as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term, and (4) the aggregation, rather than separation, of the lease and non-lease components for all leases.

See Note 15, Leases, for additional information with respect to the impact of the adoption of the lease accounting guidance and the disclosures required by ASU 2016-02 and the related amendments.

Compensation - Stock Compensation (ASC 718) - In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting, which expands the scope of Topic 718 to include share-based payment transactions for acquiring goods and services from nonemployees. We adopted ASU 2018-07 on January 1, 2019. Implementation of this new standard did not have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations

Schedule of Prospective Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncements [Table Text Block]

Recent Accounting Standards Yet to be Adopted

Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (ASC 326) - In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which changes how entities account for credit losses for most financial assets and certain other instruments, and subsequent guidance which served to clarify or amend the original standard. ASU 2016-13 and the related amendments require entities to estimate lifetime expected credit losses for trade receivables and to provide additional disclosure related to credit losses. ASU 2016-13 will be effective for our annual and interim financial statements beginning January 1, 2020 and is not expected to have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations.

Intangibles - Goodwill (ASC 350) - In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, which simplifies how an entity is required to test goodwill for impairment by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. ASU 2017-04 will be effective for our annual and interim financial statements beginning January 1, 2020, although early adoption is permitted. The amendments included in this ASU are to be applied prospectively, and are not expected to have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations.

Fair Value Measurement (ASC 820) - In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement, which removes, modifies and adds certain disclosure requirements on fair value measurements in ASC 820. ASU 2018-13 will be effective for our annual and interim financial statements beginning January 1, 2020, and since the changes only impact disclosures, will not have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations.