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NATURE OF BUSINESS, BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
12 Months Ended
Oct. 03, 2025
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
NATURE OF BUSINESS, BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES NATURE OF BUSINESS, BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES:
Vestis Corporation ("Vestis", the "Company", “we”, “us” or “our”) is a leading provider of uniforms and workplace supplies across the United States and Canada. The Company provides uniforms, mats, towels, linens, restroom supplies, first-aid supplies and safety products. The Company’s customer base participates in a wide variety of industries, including manufacturing, hospitality, retail, government, automotive, healthcare, food processing and pharmaceuticals. The Company serves customers ranging from small, family-owned operations with a single location to large corporations and national franchises with multiple locations. The Company’s customers value the uniforms and workplace supplies it delivers as its services and products can help them reduce operating costs, enhance their brand image, maintain a safe and clean workplace and focus on their core business. The Company leverages its broad footprint and its supply chain, delivery fleet and route logistics capabilities to serve customers on a recurring basis, typically weekly, and primarily through multi-year contracts. In addition, the Company offers customized uniforms through direct sales agreements, typically for large, regional or national companies.
The Company manages and evaluates its business activities based on geography and, as a result, determined that its United States and Canada businesses are its operating segments. The Company’s operating segments are also its reportable segments. The United States and Canada reportable segments both provide a range of uniforms and workplace supplies. The Company’s uniforms business generates revenue from the rental, servicing and direct sale of uniforms to customers, including the design, sourcing, manufacturing, customization, personalization, delivery, laundering, sanitization, repair and replacement of uniforms. The uniform options include shirts, pants, outerwear, gowns, scrubs, high visibility garments, particulate-free garments and flame-resistant garments, along with shoes and accessories. The Company’s workplace supplies business generates revenue from the rental and servicing of workplace supplies, including restroom supply services, first-aid supplies and safety products, floor mats, towels and linens.
On September 30, 2023 (the "Distribution Date"), Aramark completed the previously announced spin-off of Vestis (the “Separation”). The Separation was completed through a distribution of the Company's common stock to holders of record of Aramark’s common stock as of the close of business on September 20, 2023 (the “Distribution”), which resulted in the issuance of approximately 131.2 million shares of common stock, which includes 0.5 million shares contributed to an Aramark donor-advised fund for charitable contributions. Aramark’s stockholders of record received one share of Vestis common stock for every two shares of common stock, par value $0.01, of Aramark. As a result of the Separation, the Company became an independent public company. Our common stock is listed under the symbol “VSTS” on the NYSE. In connection with the Separation, the Company entered into or adopted several agreements that provide a framework for the relationship between the Company and Aramark. See Note 15. "Related Party Transactions and Parent Company Investment" for more information on these agreements.
During the fiscal year ended September 27, 2024, certain Separation-related adjustments were recorded which included a net increase in total equity of $6.4 million. These adjustments primarily consisted of: (a) cash transfers paid to Aramark of $6.1 million to settle transactions related to the Separation, and (b) adjustments to the Company's deferred income tax liabilities totaling a $12.7 million net increase.
Basis of Presentation
The Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements (the "Financial Statements") were prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The Financial Statements reflect the historical results of operations, comprehensive income and cash flows for the years ended October 3, 2025, September 27, 2024 and September 29, 2023 and the financial position as of October 3, 2025 and September 27, 2024 for the Company and are denominated in United States (“U.S.”) dollars. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.
Prior to the Separation, the Company’s business functioned together with other Aramark businesses. The assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses of the Company prior to the Separation have been reflected as Combined Financial Statements on a historical cost basis, as included in the consolidated financial statements of Aramark, using the historical accounting policies applied by Aramark. Prior to the Separation, separate financial statements had not been prepared for the Company, and it had not operated as a standalone business from Aramark. The historical results of operations and cash
flows of the Company prior to the Separation presented in these Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements may not be indicative of what they would have been had the Company actually been an independent standalone public company. Transactions between the Company and Aramark for the years ended September 27, 2024 and September 29, 2023 have been included in the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements and are considered related party transactions (see Note 15. "Related Party Transactions and Parent Company Investment").

All intercompany transactions and balances within the Company have been eliminated. Transactions between the Company and Aramark have been included in these Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements and are considered related party transactions (see Note 15. “Related Party Transactions and Parent Company Investment”).

The “Provision for Income Taxes” in the Combined Statement of Income for the year ended September 29, 2023 has been calculated as if the Company filed a separate tax return and was operating as a standalone company. Therefore, income tax expense, cash tax payments and items of current and deferred income taxes may not be reflective of the Company’s actual tax balances prior to or subsequent to the distribution.

After the Separation, Vestis became a standalone public company and the Consolidated Financial Statements were prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC. These Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements reflect, in the opinion of management, all material adjustments (which include only normal recurring adjustments) necessary to fairly state, in all material respects, our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. All intercompany transactions and balances within the Company have been eliminated.
Fiscal Year
The Company’s fiscal year is the 52- or 53-week period which ends on the Friday nearest to September 30th. The fiscal year ended October 3, 2025 (or fiscal 2025) was a 53-week period, while the fiscal years ended September 27, 2024 (or fiscal 2024) and September 29, 2023 (or fiscal 2023) were each 52-week periods.
New Accounting Standards Updates
Adopted Standards (from most to least recent date of issuance)
In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standard Update ("ASU") 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which is intended to improve reportable segment disclosures, primarily through enhanced disclosures regarding significant segment expenses. The amendments require public entities to disclose significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) and which are included within segment profit or loss. The Company adopted the ASU effective October 3, 2025. The ASU was required to be adopted on a retrospective basis to all periods presented. The adoption resulted in additional disclosures only and therefore had no impact on the Company’s consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. See Note 10, which includes the additional disclosures that result from the adoption of the ASU.
Standards Not Yet Adopted (from most to least recent date of issuance)

In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40)—Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software, which amends the guidance on internal-use software. The ASU removes all references to prescriptive and sequential software development stages (referred to as “project stages”) throughout Subtopic 350-40. Instead, an entity is required to start capitalizing software costs when 1) management has authorized and committed to funding the software project and 2) it is probable that the project will be completed, and the software will be used to perform the function intended (referred to as the “probable-to complete recognition threshold”). Among other things, the ASU also specifies that disclosures are required for all capitalized internal-use software costs, regardless of how those costs are presented in the financial statements. The ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027 and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the ASU to determine its impact on the financial statements.

In July 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-05, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326)—Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets, which provides certain practical expedients when estimating
credit losses. Among other provisions, the ASU allows public companies the option to elect a practical expedient that assumes that current conditions as of the balance sheet date do not change for the remaining life of the asset. The ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2025 and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the ASU to determine its impact on the financial statements.
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, which requires additional disclosure about certain expenses in the notes to financial statements. The amendments are effective for the Company's annual periods beginning October 2, 2027, and interim periods beginning January 1, 2028, with early adoption permitted, and should be applied either prospectively or retrospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the ASU to determine its impact on the Company's disclosures.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which includes amendments that further enhance income tax disclosures, primarily through standardization and disaggregation of rate reconciliation categories and income taxes paid by jurisdiction. The amendments are effective for the Company’s annual periods beginning October 4, 2025, with early adoption permitted, and should be applied either prospectively or retrospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the ASU to determine its impact on the Company’s disclosures.
Other new accounting pronouncements recently issued or newly effective were not applicable to the Company, did not have a material impact on the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements or are not expected to have a material impact on the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements.
Revenue Recognition
The Company generates and recognizes over 95% of its total revenue from route servicing contracts on both uniforms, which the Company generally manufactures, and workplace supplies, such as mats, towels, and linens that are procured from third-party suppliers. Revenue from these contracts represent a single-performance obligation and are recognized over time as services are performed based on the nature of services provided and contractual rates (output method). The Company generates its remaining revenue primarily from the direct sale of uniforms to customers, with such revenue being recognized when the Company’s performance obligation is satisfied, typically upon the transfer of control of the promised product to the customer. Revenue is recognized in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for the services or products described above and is presented net of sales and other taxes we collect on behalf of governmental authorities.
Certain customer route servicing contracts include terms and conditions that include components of variable consideration, which are typically in the form of consideration paid to a customer based on performance metrics specified within the contract. Some contracts provide for customer discounts or rebates that can be earned through the achievement of specified volume levels. Each component of variable consideration is earned based on the Company’s actual performance during the measurement period specified within the contract. To determine the transaction price, the Company estimates the variable consideration using the most likely amount method, based on the specific contract provisions and known performance results during the relevant measurement period. When assessing if variable consideration should be limited, the Company evaluates the likelihood of whether uncontrollable circumstances could result in a significant reversal of revenue. The Company’s performance period generally corresponds with the monthly invoice period. No significant constraints on the Company’s revenue recognition were applied during fiscal 2025, fiscal 2024 or fiscal 2023. The Company reassesses these estimates during each reporting period. The Company maintains a liability for these discounts and rebates within “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Variable consideration can also include consideration paid to a customer at the beginning of a contract. This type of variable consideration is capitalized as an asset (in “Other Assets” (long-term portion) and in “Other Current Assets” (short-term portion) on the Consolidated Balance Sheets) and is amortized over the life of the contract as a reduction to revenue in accordance with the accounting guidance for revenue recognition.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts in the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements and accompanying notes. The Company utilizes key estimates in preparing the financial statements including environmental estimates, goodwill, intangibles, insurance reserves, income taxes and long-lived assets. These estimates are based on
historical information, current trends and information available from other sources. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates.
Fair Value of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Assets and liabilities recorded at fair value are classified based upon the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure their fair value. The hierarchical levels related to the subjectivity of the valuation inputs are defined as follows:
Level 1—inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets
Level 2—inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument
Level 3—inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement
Recurring Fair Value Measurements
The Company’s financial instruments consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, financing leases and borrowings. Management believes that the carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, financing leases and borrowings are representative of their respective fair values. All derivatives are recognized as either assets or liabilities on the balance sheet at fair value at the end of each quarter (refer to Note 5. "Derivative Instruments" for additional information).
Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements
The Company’s assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis include long-lived assets, indefinite-lived intangible assets and goodwill. The Company reviews the carrying amounts of such assets at least annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. Any resulting asset impairment would require that the asset be recorded at its fair value. The resulting fair value measurement of the assets are considered to be Level 3 measurements.
Acquisitions
The Company had no significant business acquisitions during fiscal 2025, fiscal 2024 or fiscal 2023.
Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Comprehensive income or loss includes all changes to equity during a period, except those resulting from investments by and distributions to stockholders and except those related to the net parent investment. Components of comprehensive income or loss include net income, pension plan adjustments (net of tax) and changes in foreign currency translation adjustments (net of tax).
The summary of the components of comprehensive income (loss) is as follows (in thousands):
Fiscal Year Ended
October 3, 2025September 27, 2024September 29, 2023
Pre-Tax AmountTax EffectAfter-Tax AmountPre-Tax AmountTax EffectAfter-Tax AmountPre-Tax AmountTax EffectAfter-Tax Amount
Net (Loss) Income$(40,223)$20,970 $213,158 
Pension plan adjustments(660)210 (450)(39)(30)(884)229 (655)
Foreign currency translation adjustments3,034 — 3,034 2,292 — 2,292 2,251 (1,089)1,162 
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)2,374 210 2,584 2,253 2,262 1,367 (860)507 
Comprehensive (Loss) Income$(37,639)$23,232 $213,665 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss consists of the following (in thousands):
October 3, 2025September 27, 2024
Pension plan adjustments$(5,549)$(5,099)
Foreign currency translation adjustments
(20,778)(23,812)
$(26,327)$(28,911)
Currency Translation
The Company’s Canadian subsidiary’s functional currency is the local currency of operations, and the net assets of its Canadian operations are translated into U.S. dollars using current exchange rates. Translation differences are included as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income or loss in equity.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
Receivables
Receivables represents amounts due from customers and is presented net of allowance for credit losses. Judgment and estimates are used in determining the collectability of receivables and in evaluating the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses. The Company estimates and reserves for its credit loss exposure based on historical experience, current general and specific industry economic conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount in estimating credit losses. Credit loss expense is classified within Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated and Combined Statements of Income. When an account is considered uncollectible, it is written off against the allowance for credit losses. The allowance for credit losses is netted against “Receivables” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, and the activity for fiscal 2025 and fiscal 2024 was as follows (in thousands):
Fiscal Year Ended
October 3, 2025September 27, 2024
Balance, beginning of year$19,804 $25,066 
Additions: Charged to Income
56,851 33,705 
Reductions: Deductions from Reserves(1)
(43,978)(38,967)
Balance, end of year (2)
$32,677 $19,804 
__________________
(1)Amounts determined not to be collectible and charged against the reserve and translation.
(2)The increase in the allowance for credit losses was due primarily to a $15 million adjustment to the allowance for credit losses that was recorded in fiscal 2025 based on updated estimates of collectability and to ensure the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses.

Transfer of Financial Assets

The Company accounts for transfers of its financial assets in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic No. 860, Transfers and Servicing. When a transfer meets all the requirements for a sale of a financial asset, the Company derecognizes the financial asset.
Inventories
Inventories are valued at the lower of cost (principally the first-in, first-out method) or net realizable value. The Company records valuation adjustments to its inventories if the cost of inventory on hand exceeds the amount it expects to realize from the ultimate sale or disposal of the inventory. These estimates are based on management’s judgment regarding future demand and market conditions and analysis of historical experience. As of October 3, 2025 and September 27, 2024, the Company’s reserve for inventory was approximately $18.6 million and $15.7 million, respectively. The inventory reserve is determined based on history, projected customer consumption and specific identification.

The components of net inventories are as follows (in thousands):
October 3, 2025September 27, 2024
Raw Materials$41,167 $35,210 
Work in Process1,128 959 
Finished Goods136,725 128,744 
$179,020 $164,913 
Rental Merchandise in Service
Rental merchandise in service represents personalized work apparel, linens and other rental items in service. Rental merchandise in service is valued at cost less accumulated amortization, calculated using the straight-line method. Rental merchandise in service is amortized over its useful life, which primarily ranges from one to four years. The amortization rates are based on the Company’s specific experience and wear tests performed by the Company. These factors are critical to determining the amount of rental merchandise in service and related Cost of services provided (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) that are presented in the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements. Material differences may result in the amount and timing of operating income if management makes significant changes to these estimates.
During the fiscal years ended October 3, 2025, September 27, 2024 and September 29, 2023, the Company recorded $362.9 million, $345.9 million and $343.9 million, respectively, of amortization related to rental merchandise in service and other inventoriable costs within “Cost of services provided (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)” in the Consolidated and Combined Statements of Income.
Other Current Assets
“Other current assets” as presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheets is primarily comprised of software subscriptions, prescription and medical refunds, prepaid insurance, prepaid taxes and licenses and as of October 3, 2025, include assets held for sale. Assets held for sale are recorded at the lower of their carrying value or estimated selling price less estimated costs to sell. Depreciation is suspended upon classification as held for sale. The highest and best use of these assets is as real estate properties for use or lease and the Company intends to sell them to third parties as quickly as practicable. As of October 3, 2025, four properties with an aggregate carrying value of $4.2 million were classified as held for sale. The properties are part of the Company's United States segment. As of September 27, 2024, the Company had no assets classified as held for sale.
Property and Equipment and Operating Lease Right-of-use Assets
Property and equipment are stated at cost and are depreciated over their estimated useful lives on a straight-line basis. When a decision has been made to dispose of property and equipment prior to the end of the previously estimated useful life, depreciation estimates are revised to reflect the use of the asset over the shortened estimated useful life. Gains and losses on dispositions are included in operating results. Maintenance and repairs are charged to current operations. Replacements, and significant improvements that extend the useful life of the asset are capitalized. The estimated useful lives for the major categories of property and equipment are 10 to 40 years for buildings and improvements and 3 to 10 years for equipment. Depreciation expense during fiscal 2025, fiscal 2024 and fiscal 2023 was $104.8 million, $106.3 million and $103.8 million, respectively. The Company had $6.5 million and $10.2 million of capital expenditures recorded within “Accounts payable” and “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of October 3, 2025 and September 27, 2024, respectively.
During fiscal 2025, fiscal 2024 and fiscal 2023, the Company completed the sale of certain properties for net selling prices of $5.5 million, $5.3 million and $9.6 million, respectively. Resulting gains or losses are recorded within the United States segment, and are included in “Selling, general and administrative expenses” in the Consolidated and Combined Statements of Income.
During fiscal 2023, the Company completed a strategic review of certain administrative locations, taking into account facility capacity and current utilization, among other factors. Based on this review, the Company vacated or otherwise reduced its usage at certain of these locations, resulting in an analysis of the recoverability of the assets associated with the locations. As a result, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $7.7 million to its Operating Lease Right of use Assets within its United States segment, which was included in “Selling, general and administrative expenses” in the Combined Statement of Income for fiscal 2023. The non-cash impairment charge consisted of operating lease right-of-use assets $7.1 million and other costs $0.6 million.
Other Assets
“Other assets,” as presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, is primarily comprised of employee sales commissions, computer software costs, equity method investment, consideration payable to a customer at the beginning of the contract, noncurrent pension assets, preparation costs and long-term receivables.
Employee sales commissions represent commission payments made to employees related to new or retained business contracts (see Note 6. “Revenue Recognition”). Computer software costs represent capitalized costs incurred to purchase or develop software for internal use, and are amortized over the estimated useful life of the software, generally a period of three to 10 years.
The Company accounts for investments in unconsolidated entities where it exercises significant influence but does not have control, using the equity method. Under the equity method of accounting, the Company recognizes its share of the investee’s net income or loss. An equity method investment that represented a 39% ownership interest in Aramark Uniform Services Japan Corporation, was sold in October 2024 for $36.8 million and the proceeds used towards debt repayments. The loss on sale of $2.2 million is included in “Gain (loss) on Sale of Equity Investment, net” in the Consolidated Statement of Income for fiscal 2025.
On September 22, 2023, the Company sold its 25% interest in Sanikleen, a Japanese linen supply company for $51.9 million in cash resulting in a pre-tax gain on sale of $51.8 million for fiscal 2023. The pre-tax gain is included in “Gain (loss) on Sale of Equity Investment, net” in the Combined Statement of Income for fiscal 2023.
Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities
“Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” as presented in the Consolidated and Combined Balance Sheets include the current portion of insurance accruals related to automotive, general liability and workers’ compensation reserves of $16.1 million and $31.9 million as of October 3, 2025 and September 27, 2024, respectively. The remaining components consist primarily of unearned income, interest, taxes, and environmental reserves (see Note 9. Commitments and Contingencies).
Other Noncurrent Liabilities
“Other Noncurrent Liabilities” as presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets include the long-term portion of insurance reserves related to automotive, general liability and workers’ compensation reserves of $36.9 million and $0, as of October 3, 2025 and September 27, 2024, respectively. The remaining components consist primarily of environmental reserves (see Note 9. Commitments and Contingencies), asset retirement obligations (see Note 9. Commitments and Contingencies), and the noncurrent portion of deferred income.

Following the Separation from Aramark on September 30, 2023, the Company is primarily self-insured for workers’ compensation, general, and automotive liabilities. Self-insured liabilities are based upon actuarial methods to estimate the future cost of claims and related expenses that have been reported but not settled and have been incurred but not yet reported. These estimates are reviewed and adjusted as the facts and circumstances change. Self-insured liabilities are included in “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” and “Other Noncurrent Liabilities” in the consolidated balance sheets based on the expected timing of ultimate settlement. The amount of noncurrent self-insured liabilities at September 27, 2024 was not material to the consolidated financial statements and was included in “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities.”
Insurance
Prior to the Separation, Aramark insured portions of its risk in general liability, automobile liability, workers’ compensation liability and property liability through a wholly owned captive insurance subsidiary (the “Captive”), to enhance its risk financing strategies. The Captive was subject to regulations within its domicile of Bermuda, including regulations established by the Bermuda Monetary Authority (the “BMA”) relating to levels of liquidity and solvency as such concepts are defined by the BMA. The Captive was in compliance with these regulations as of September 29, 2023. Prior to the Separation, Aramark allocated certain costs associated to the Captive to the Company. The Company did not recognize liabilities related to claims from general liability, automobile liability and workers’ compensation liability on the Combined Balance Sheet as of September 29, 2023 as Aramark’s Captive subsidiary was the primary responsible party related to these obligations. Aramark’s Captive insurance subsidiary had estimated reserves of approximately $68.4 million at September 29, 2023 related to claims arising from the Company’s operations. Aramark’s reserves for retained costs associated with Aramark’s casualty program were estimated through actuarial methods, with the assistance of third-party actuaries, using loss development assumptions based on claims history.

The Company entered into an independent general liability, automobile liability, workers’ compensation liability insurance policy effective September 29, 2023. As a result, during fiscal 2025 and fiscal 2024, the Company recorded general liability, automobile liability, and workers’ compensation liability expenses, which are included within “Cost of services provided (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)” and “Selling, general and administrative expenses” on the Consolidated Statements of Income. For fiscal 2025, general liability, automobile liability, and workers’ compensation liability expenses were $7.9 million, $20.6 million, and $25.6 million, respectively. For fiscal 2024, general liability, automobile liability, and workers’ compensation liability expenses were $11.4 million, $16.5 million, and $22.8 million, respectively. The estimated current portion of such reserves is included in “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities,” while the estimated long-term portion is included in “Other Noncurrent Liabilities” in the consolidated balance sheets.

Additionally, the Company entered into an independent property insurance policy and was no longer under Aramark’s property insurance policy effective June 1, 2023. During fiscal 2025 and fiscal 2024, the Company recorded $4.6 million and $4.5 million of property insurance expenses, respectively, within “Cost of services provided (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)” and “Selling, general and administrative expenses” on the Consolidated Statements of Income.
Environmental Matters
Capital expenditures for ongoing environmental remediation and compliance measures were recorded in Property and Equipment, and related expenses are included in operating expenses. The Company accrues for environmental-related activities for which commitments or clean-up plans have been developed and when such costs can be reasonably estimated based on industry standards and professional judgment. Accrued amounts were primarily recorded on an undiscounted basis (see Note 9. Commitments and Contingencies).
Income Taxes

The Company’s operations were included in Aramark’s U.S. federal and state tax returns for taxable periods through the Company’s Separation from Aramark on September 30, 2023. With respect to such taxable periods, income taxes on the Company’s financial statements were calculated on a separate tax return basis. Beginning after the Separation, the Company is filing tax returns separate from Aramark, and its deferred taxes and effective tax rates may differ from those of the historical periods.

The Company and its subsidiaries file a federal consolidated income tax return in the United States, and separate legal entities file in various state, local and foreign jurisdictions. The Company uses the asset and liability approach to determine its (benefit)/provision for income taxes based on its operations in each jurisdiction. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined by the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and for operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax laws and rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which the deferred tax assets or liabilities are expected to be realized or settled. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

The Company recognizes the effect of income tax positions only if those positions are more likely than not of being sustained. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that is greater than fifty percent likely of being realized. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs.

The Company accounts for deferred income taxes related to executive compensation deductions that are limited by IRC 162(m) by first allocating available tax deductions to stock-based compensation and then cash compensation. The Company elects to treat global intangible low-taxed income (GILTI) inclusions as a current-period expense when incurred. Therefore, the Company has not recorded deferred taxes for basis differences expected to reverse in future periods.

Refer to Note 11, “Income Taxes”, of these Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements for further details on income taxes.
Net Cash Distributions to Parent
Net Cash Distributions to Parent on the Combined Statement of Cash Flows for fiscal 2023 include transactions related to Aramark’s historic investment in the Company.
For additional information, see Basis of Presentation above and Note 15.
Interest Expense, net
“Interest Expense, net” as presented in the Consolidated and Combined Statements of Income is primarily comprised of interest expense on borrowings (see Note 4. Borrowings) and interest expense recognized on financing leases (see Note 7. Leases).
Other Expense (Income)
“Other Expense (Income), net ” as presented in the Consolidated and Combined Statements of Income (Loss) is primarily comprised of fees incurred for the Company’s accounts receivable securitization facility (see Note 16. Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility). For fiscal 2024 and fiscal 2023, “Other Expense (Income), net” also included the Company’s share of the financial results of Sanikleen, a Japanese linen supply company.

For fiscal 2025, “Loss (Gain) on Sale of Equity Investment, net” includes a loss of $2.2 million related to the sale of an equity method investment which was sold for $36.5 million. For fiscal 2023, “Loss (Gain) on Sale of Equity Investment, net” includes a gain of $51.8 million related to the sale of the Company’s investment in Sanikleen.