424B2 1 ea0251200-01_424b2.htm PRELIMINARY PRICING SUPPLEMENT
The information in this preliminary pricing supplement is not complete and may be changed. This preliminary pricing supplement is not
an offer to sell nor does it seek an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.
Subject to completion dated July 31, 2025
August , 2025 Registration Statement Nos. 333-270004 and 333-270004-01; Rule 424(b)(2)
Pricing supplement to product supplement no. 3-I dated April 13, 2023, underlying supplement no. 1-I dated April 13, 2023,
the prospectus and prospectus supplement, each dated April 13, 2023, and the prospectus addendum dated June 3, 2024
JPMorgan Chase Financial Company LLC
Structured Investments
Notes Linked to the Russell 2000® Futures Excess Return
Index due September 4, 2030
Fully and Unconditionally Guaranteed by JPMorgan Chase & Co.
• The notes are designed for investors who seek exposure to any appreciation of the Russell 2000® Futures Excess
Return Index over the term of the notes.
• Investors should be willing to forgo interest payments, while seeking full repayment of principal at maturity.
• The notes are unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of JPMorgan Chase Financial Company LLC, which we refer to
as JPMorgan Financial, the payment on which is fully and unconditionally guaranteed by JPMorgan Chase & Co. Any
payment on the notes is subject to the credit risk of JPMorgan Financial, as issuer of the notes, and the credit
risk of JPMorgan Chase & Co., as guarantor of the notes.
• Minimum denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples thereof
• The notes are expected to price on or about August 29, 2025 and are expected to settle on or about September 4, 2025.
• CUSIP: 48136F2Z4
Investing in the notes involves a number of risks. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page S-2 of the accompanying
prospectus supplement, Annex A to the accompanying prospectus addendum, “Risk Factors” beginning on page PS-12
of the accompanying product supplement and “Selected Risk Considerations” beginning on page PS-4 of this pricing
supplement.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved
of the notes or passed upon the accuracy or the adequacy of this pricing supplement or the accompanying product supplement,
underlying supplement, prospectus supplement, prospectus and prospectus addendum. Any representation to the contrary is a
criminal offense.
Price to Public (1)
Fees and Commissions (2)
Proceeds to Issuer
Per note
$1,000
$
$
Total
$
$
$
(1) See “Supplemental Use of Proceeds” in this pricing supplement for information about the components of the price to public of the
notes.
(2) J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, which we refer to as JPMS, acting as agent for JPMorgan Financial, will pay all of the selling
commissions it receives from us to other affiliated or unaffiliated dealers. In no event will these selling commissions exceed $11.50 per
$1,000 principal amount note. See “Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest)” in the accompanying product supplement.
If the notes priced today, the estimated value of the notes would be approximately $976.00 per $1,000 principal amount
note. The estimated value of the notes, when the terms of the notes are set, will be provided in the pricing supplement
and will not be less than $920.00 per $1,000 principal amount note. See “The Estimated Value of the Notes” in this
pricing supplement for additional information.
The notes are not bank deposits, are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other governmental agency
and are not obligations of, or guaranteed by, a bank.
PS-1 | Structured Investments
Notes Linked to the Russell 2000® Futures Excess Return Index
Key Terms
Issuer: JPMorgan Chase Financial Company LLC, a direct,
wholly owned finance subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase & Co.
Guarantor: JPMorgan Chase & Co.
Index: The Russell 2000® Futures Excess Return Index
(Bloomberg ticker: RTYFPE)
Participation Rate: At least 117.50% (to be provided in the
pricing supplement)
Pricing Date: On or about August 29, 2025
Original Issue Date (Settlement Date): On or about
September 4, 2025
Observation Date*: August 29, 2030
Maturity Date*: September 4, 2030
* Subject to postponement in the event of a market disruption event
and as described under “General Terms of Notes — Postponement
of a Determination Date — Notes Linked to a Single Underlying —
Notes Linked to a Single Underlying (Other Than a Commodity
Index)” and “General Terms of Notes — Postponement of a
Payment Date” in the accompanying product supplement
Payment at Maturity:
At maturity, you will receive a cash payment, for each $1,000
principal amount note, of $1,000 plus the Additional Amount,
which may be zero.
You are entitled to repayment of principal in full at maturity,
subject to the credit risks of JPMorgan Financial and
JPMorgan Chase & Co.
Additional Amount: The Additional Amount payable at
maturity per $1,000 principal amount note will equal:
$1,000 × Index Return × Participation Rate,
provided that the Additional Amount will not be less than zero.
Index Return:
(Final Value – Initial Value)
Initial Value
Initial Value: The closing level of the Index on the Pricing Date
Final Value: The closing level of the Index on the Observation
Date
Supplemental Terms of the Notes
The notes are not futures contracts or swaps and are not regulated under the Commodity Exchange Act of 1936, as amended
(the “Commodity Exchange Act”). The notes are offered pursuant to an exemption from regulation under the Commodity Exchange
Act, commonly known as the hybrid instrument exemption, that is available to securities that have one or more payments indexed to the
value, level or rate of one or more commodities, as set out in section 2(f) of that statute. Accordingly, you are not afforded any
protection provided by the Commodity Exchange Act or any regulation promulgated by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission.
For purposes of the accompanying product supplement, the Index will be deemed to be an Equity Index, except as provided below, and
any references in the accompanying product supplement to the securities included in an Equity Index (or similar references) should be
read to refer to the securities included in the Russell 2000® Index, which is the reference index for the futures contracts included in the
Index. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Index will be deemed to be a Commodity Index for purposes of the section entitled “The
Underlyings — Indices — Discontinuation of an Index; Alteration of Method of Calculation” in the accompanying product supplement.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the accompanying product supplement, if a Determination Date (as defined in the
accompanying product supplement) is or has been postponed to the applicable Final Disrupted Determination Date (as defined in the
accompanying product supplement) and that day is a Disrupted Day (as defined in the accompanying product supplement), the
calculation agent will determine the closing level of the Index for that Determination Date on that Final Disrupted Determination Date in
accordance with the formula for and method of calculating the closing level of the Index last in effect prior to the commencement of the
market disruption event (or prior to the non-trading day), using the official settlement price (or, if trading in the relevant futures contract
has been materially suspended or materially limited, the calculation agent’s good faith estimate of the applicable settlement price that
would have prevailed but for that suspension or limitation) at the close of the principal trading session on that date of each futures
contract most recently composing the Index, as well as any futures contract required to roll any expiring futures contract in accordance
with the method of calculating the Index.
Any values of the Index, and any values derived therefrom, included in this pricing supplement may be corrected, in the event of
manifest error or inconsistency, by amendment of this pricing supplement and the corresponding terms of the notes. Notwithstanding
anything to the contrary in the indenture governing the notes, that amendment will become effective without consent of the holders of
the notes or any other party.
Hypothetical Payout Profile
The following table and graph illustrate the hypothetical payment at maturity on the notes linked to a hypothetical Index. The
hypothetical payments set forth below assume the following:
• an Initial Value of 100.00; and
• a Participation Rate of 117.50%.
The hypothetical Initial Value of 100.00 has been chosen for illustrative purposes only and may not represent a likely actual Initial
Value. The actual Initial Value will be the closing level of the Index on the Pricing Date and will be provided in the pricing supplement.
For historical data regarding the actual closing levels of the Index, please see the historical information set forth under “The Index” in
this pricing supplement.
Each hypothetical payment at maturity set forth below is for illustrative purposes only and may not be the actual payment at maturity
applicable to a purchaser of the notes. The numbers appearing in the following table and graph have been rounded for ease of
analysis.
Final Value
Index Return
Additional Amount
Payment at Maturity
165.00
65.00%
$763.75
$1,763.75
150.00
50.00%
$587.50
$1,587.50
140.00
40.00%
$470.00
$1,470.00
130.00
30.00%
$352.50
$1,352.50
120.00
20.00%
$235.00
$1,235.00
110.00
10.00%
$117.50
$1,117.50
105.00
5.00%
$58.75
$1,058.75
101.00
1.00%
$11.75
$1,011.75
100.00
0.00%
$0.00
$1,000.00
95.00
-5.00%
$0.00
$1,000.00
90.00
-10.00%
$0.00
$1,000.00
80.00
-20.00%
$0.00
$1,000.00
70.00
-30.00%
$0.00
$1,000.00
60.00
-40.00%
$0.00
$1,000.00
50.00
-50.00%
$0.00
$1,000.00
40.00
-60.00%
$0.00
$1,000.00
30.00
-70.00%
$0.00
$1,000.00
20.00
-80.00%
$0.00
$1,000.00
10.00
-90.00%
$0.00
$1,000.00
0.00
-100.00%
$0.00
$1,000.00
The following graph demonstrates the hypothetical payments at maturity on the notes for a range of Index Returns. There can be no
assurance that the performance of the Index will result in a payment at maturity in excess of $1,000.00 per $1,000 principal amount
note, subject to the credit risks of JPMorgan Financial and JPMorgan Chase & Co.
How the Notes Work
Upside Scenario:
If the Final Value is greater than the Initial Value, investors will receive at maturity the $1,000 principal amount plus the Additional
Amount, which is equal to $1,000 times the Index Return times the Participation Rate of at least 117.50%.
• Assuming a hypothetical Participation Rate of 117.50%, if the closing level of the Index increases 10.00%, investors will receive at
maturity a return equal to 11.75%, or $1,117.50 per $1,000 principal amount note.
Par Scenario:
If the Final Value is equal to or less than the Initial Value, the Additional Amount will be zero and investors will receive at maturity the
principal amount of their notes.
The hypothetical returns and hypothetical payments on the notes shown above apply only if you hold the notes for their entire term.
These hypotheticals do not reflect the fees or expenses that would be associated with any sale in the secondary market. If these fees
and expenses were included, the hypothetical returns and hypothetical payments shown above would likely be lower.
Selected Risk Considerations
An investment in the notes involves significant risks. These risks are explained in more detail in the “Risk Factors” sections of the
accompanying prospectus supplement and product supplement and in Annex A to the accompanying prospectus addendum.
Risks Relating to the Notes Generally
• THE NOTES MAY NOT PAY MORE THAN THE PRINCIPAL AMOUNT AT MATURITY —
If the Final Value is less than or equal to the Initial Value, you will receive only the principal amount of your notes at maturity, and
you will not be compensated for any loss in value due to inflation and other factors relating to the value of money over time.
• CREDIT RISKS OF JPMORGAN FINANCIAL AND JPMORGAN CHASE & CO. —
Investors are dependent on our and JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s ability to pay all amounts due on the notes. Any actual or potential
change in our or JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s creditworthiness or credit spreads, as determined by the market for taking that credit
risk, is likely to adversely affect the value of the notes. If we and JPMorgan Chase & Co. were to default on our payment
obligations, you may not receive any amounts owed to you under the notes and you could lose your entire investment.
• AS A FINANCE SUBSIDIARY, JPMORGAN FINANCIAL HAS NO INDEPENDENT OPERATIONS AND HAS LIMITED ASSETS
—
As a finance subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase & Co., we have no independent operations beyond the issuance and administration of
our securities and the collection of intercompany obligations. Aside from the initial capital contribution from JPMorgan Chase &
Co., substantially all of our assets relate to obligations of JPMorgan Chase & Co. to make payments under loans made by us to
JPMorgan Chase & Co. or under other intercompany agreements. As a result, we are dependent upon payments from JPMorgan
Chase & Co. to meet our obligations under the notes. We are not a key operating subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase & Co. and in a
bankruptcy or resolution of JPMorgan Chase & Co. we are not expected to have sufficient resources to meet our obligations in
respect of the notes as they come due. If JPMorgan Chase & Co. does not make payments to us and we are unable to make
payments on the notes, you may have to seek payment under the related guarantee by JPMorgan Chase & Co., and that
guarantee will rank pari passu with all other unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of JPMorgan Chase & Co. For more
information, see the accompanying prospectus addendum.
• THE NOTES DO NOT PAY INTEREST.
• YOU WILL NOT HAVE ANY RIGHTS WITH RESPECT TO THE E-MINI® RUSSELL 2000® FUTURES CONTRACTS (THE
“UNDERLYING FUTURES CONTRACTS”) OR THE SECURITIES INCLUDED IN THE INDEX UNDERLYING THE
UNDERLYING FUTURES CONTRACTS.
• LACK OF LIQUIDITY —
The notes will not be listed on any securities exchange. Accordingly, the price at which you may be able to trade your notes is
likely to depend on the price, if any, at which JPMS is willing to buy the notes. You may not be able to sell your notes. The notes
are not designed to be short-term trading instruments. Accordingly, you should be able and willing to hold your notes to maturity.
• THE FINAL TERMS AND VALUATION OF THE NOTES WILL BE PROVIDED IN THE PRICING SUPPLEMENT —
You should consider your potential investment in the notes based on the minimums for the estimated value of the notes and the
Participation Rate.
Risks Relating to Conflicts of Interest
• POTENTIAL CONFLICTS —
We and our affiliates play a variety of roles in connection with the notes. In performing these duties, our and JPMorgan Chase &
Co.’s economic interests are potentially adverse to your interests as an investor in the notes. It is possible that hedging or trading
activities of ours or our affiliates in connection with the notes could result in substantial returns for us or our affiliates while the
value of the notes declines. Please refer to “Risk Factors — Risks Relating to Conflicts of Interest” in the accompanying product
supplement.
Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes
• THE ESTIMATED VALUE OF THE NOTES WILL BE LOWER THAN THE ORIGINAL ISSUE PRICE (PRICE TO PUBLIC) OF
THE NOTES —
The estimated value of the notes is only an estimate determined by reference to several factors. The original issue price of the
notes will exceed the estimated value of the notes because costs associated with selling, structuring and hedging the notes are
included in the original issue price of the notes. These costs include the selling commissions, the projected profits, if any, that our
affiliates expect to realize for assuming risks inherent in hedging our obligations under the notes and the estimated cost of hedging
our obligations under the notes. See “The Estimated Value of the Notes” in this pricing supplement.
• THE ESTIMATED VALUE OF THE NOTES DOES NOT REPRESENT FUTURE VALUES OF THE NOTES AND MAY DIFFER
FROM OTHERS’ ESTIMATES —
See “The Estimated Value of the Notes” in this pricing supplement.
• THE ESTIMATED VALUE OF THE NOTES IS DERIVED BY REFERENCE TO AN INTERNAL FUNDING RATE —
The internal funding rate used in the determination of the estimated value of the notes may differ from the market-implied funding
rate for vanilla fixed income instruments of a similar maturity issued by JPMorgan Chase & Co. or its affiliates. Any difference may
be based on, among other things, our and our affiliates’ view of the funding value of the notes as well as the higher issuance,
operational and ongoing liability management costs of the notes in comparison to those costs for the conventional fixed income
instruments of JPMorgan Chase & Co. This internal funding rate is based on certain market inputs and assumptions, which may
prove to be incorrect, and is intended to approximate the prevailing market replacement funding rate for the notes. The use of an
internal funding rate and any potential changes to that rate may have an adverse effect on the terms of the notes and any
secondary market prices of the notes. See “The Estimated Value of the Notes” in this pricing supplement.
• THE VALUE OF THE NOTES AS PUBLISHED BY JPMS (AND WHICH MAY BE REFLECTED ON CUSTOMER ACCOUNT
STATEMENTS) MAY BE HIGHER THAN THE THEN-CURRENT ESTIMATED VALUE OF THE NOTES FOR A LIMITED TIME
PERIOD —
We generally expect that some of the costs included in the original issue price of the notes will be partially paid back to you in
connection with any repurchases of your notes by JPMS in an amount that will decline to zero over an initial predetermined period.
See “Secondary Market Prices of the Notes” in this pricing supplement for additional information relating to this initial period.
Accordingly, the estimated value of your notes during this initial period may be lower than the value of the notes as published by
JPMS (and which may be shown on your customer account statements).
• SECONDARY MARKET PRICES OF THE NOTES WILL LIKELY BE LOWER THAN THE ORIGINAL ISSUE PRICE OF THE
NOTES —
Any secondary market prices of the notes will likely be lower than the original issue price of the notes because, among other
things, secondary market prices take into account our internal secondary market funding rates for structured debt issuances and,
also, because secondary market prices may exclude selling commissions, projected hedging profits, if any, and estimated hedging
costs that are included in the original issue price of the notes. As a result, the price, if any, at which JPMS will be willing to buy the
notes from you in secondary market transactions, if at all, is likely to be lower than the original issue price. Any sale by you prior to
the Maturity Date could result in a substantial loss to you.
• SECONDARY MARKET PRICES OF THE NOTES WILL BE IMPACTED BY MANY ECONOMIC AND MARKET FACTORS —
The secondary market price of the notes during their term will be impacted by a number of economic and market factors, which
may either offset or magnify each other, aside from the selling commissions, projected hedging profits, if any, estimated hedging
costs and the level of the Index. Additionally, independent pricing vendors and/or third party broker-dealers may publish a price for
the notes, which may also be reflected on customer account statements. This price may be different (higher or lower) than the
price of the notes, if any, at which JPMS may be willing to purchase your notes in the secondary market. See “Risk Factors —
Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes — Secondary market prices of the notes will be
impacted by many economic and market factors” in the accompanying product supplement.
Risks Relating to the Index
• AN INVESTMENT IN THE NOTES IS SUBJECT TO RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH SMALL CAPITALIZATION STOCKS WITH
RESPECT TO THE RUSSELL 2000® INDEX, THE INDEX UNDERLYING THE UNDERLYING FUTURES CONTRACTS —
Small capitalization companies may be less able to withstand adverse economic, market, trade and competitive conditions relative
to larger companies. Small capitalization companies are less likely to pay dividends on their stocks, and the presence of a
dividend payment could be a factor that limits downward stock price pressure under adverse market conditions.
• THE INDEX IS SUBJECT TO SIGNIFICANT RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH THE UNDERLYING FUTURES CONTRACTS —
The Index tracks the excess return of the Underlying Futures Contracts. The price of an Underlying Futures Contract depends not
only on the level of the underlying index referenced by the Underlying Futures Contract, but also on a range of other factors,
including but not limited to the performance and volatility of the U.S. stock market, corporate earnings reports, geopolitical events,
governmental and regulatory policies and the policies of the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (the “Exchange”) on which the
Underlying Futures Contracts trade. In addition, the futures markets are subject to temporary distortions or other disruptions due to
various factors, including the lack of liquidity in the markets, the participation of speculators and government regulation and
intervention. These factors and others can cause the prices of the Underlying Futures Contracts to be volatile and could adversely
affect the level of the Index and any payments on, and the value of, your notes.
• SUSPENSION OR DISRUPTIONS OF MARKET TRADING IN THE UNDERLYING FUTURES CONTRACTS MAY ADVERSELY
AFFECT THE VALUE OF YOUR NOTES —
Futures markets are subject to temporary distortions or other disruptions due to various factors, including lack of liquidity, the
participation of speculators, and government regulation and intervention. In addition, futures exchanges generally have regulations
that limit the amount of the Underlying Futures Contract price fluctuations that may occur in a single day. These limits are
generally referred to as “daily price fluctuation limits” and the maximum or minimum price of a contract on any given day as a result
of those limits is referred to as a “limit price.” Once the limit price has been reached in a particular contract, no trades may be
made at a price beyond the limit, or trading may be limited for a set period of time. Limit prices have the effect of precluding trading
in a particular contract or forcing the liquidation of contracts at potentially disadvantageous times or prices. These circumstances
could delay the calculation of the level of the Index and could adversely affect the level of the Index and any payments on, and the
value of, your notes.
• THE PERFORMANCE OF THE INDEX WILL DIFFER FROM THE PERFORMANCE OF THE INDEX UNDERLYING THE
UNDERLYING FUTURES CONTRACTS —
A variety of factors can lead to a disparity between the performance of a futures contract on an equity index and the performance
of that equity index, including the expected dividend yields of the equity securities included in that equity index, an implicit financing
cost associated with futures contracts and policies of the exchange on which the futures contracts are traded, such as margin
requirements. Thus, a decline in expected dividends yields or an increase in margin requirements may adversely affect the
performance of the Index. In addition, the implicit financing cost will negatively affect the performance of the Index, with a greater
negative effect when market interest rates are higher. During periods of high market interest rates, the Index is likely to
underperform the equity index underlying the Underlying Futures Contracts, perhaps significantly.
• NEGATIVE ROLL RETURNS ASSOCIATED WITH THE UNDERLYING FUTURES CONTRACTS MAY ADVERSELY AFFECT
THE LEVEL OF THE INDEX AND THE VALUE OF THE NOTES —
The Index tracks the excess return of the Underlying Futures Contracts. Unlike common equity securities, futures contracts, by
their terms, have stated expirations. As the exchange-traded Underlying Futures Contracts approach expiration, they are replaced
by contracts of the same series that have a later expiration. For example, an Underlying Futures Contract notionally purchased
and held in June may specify a September expiration date. As time passes, the contract expiring in September is replaced by a
contract for delivery in December. This is accomplished by notionally selling the September contract and notionally purchasing the
December contract. This process is referred to as “rolling.” Excluding other considerations, if prices are higher in the distant
delivery months than in the nearer delivery months, the notional purchase of the December contract would take place at a price
that is higher than the price of the September contract, thereby creating a negative “roll return.” Negative roll returns adversely
affect the returns of the Underlying Futures Contracts and, therefore, the level of the Index and any payments on, and the value of,
the notes. Because of the potential effects of negative roll returns, it is possible for the level of the Index to decrease significantly
over time, even when the levels of the underlying index referenced by the Underlying Futures Contracts are stable or increasing.
• HYPOTHETICAL BACK-TESTED DATA RELATING TO THE INDEX DO NOT REPRESENT ACTUAL HISTORICAL DATA AND
ARE SUBJECT TO INHERENT LIMITATIONS —
The hypothetical back-tested performance of the Index set forth under “The Index” in this pricing supplement is purely theoretical
and does not represent the actual historical performance of the Index and has not been verified by an independent third party.
Hypothetical back-tested performance measures have inherent limitations. Alternative modelling techniques might produce
significantly different results and may prove to be more appropriate. Past performance, and especially hypothetical back-tested
performance, is not indicative of future results. This type of information has inherent limitations and you should carefully consider
these limitations before placing reliance on such information. Hypothetical back-tested performance is derived by means of the
retroactive application of a back-tested model that has been designed with the benefit of hindsight.
• OTHER KEY RISKS:
o THE INDEX, WHICH WAS ESTABLISHED ON MAY 20, 2024, HAS LIMITED OPERATING HISTORY AND MAY PERFORM
IN UNANTICIPATED WAYS.
o THE INDEX COMPRISES NOTIONAL ASSETS AND LIABILITIES. THERE IS NO ACTUAL PORTFOLIO OF ASSETS TO
WHICH ANY PERSON IS ENTITLED OR IN WHICH ANY PERSON HAS ANY OWNERSHIP INTEREST.
The Index
The Index measures the performance of the nearest maturing quarterly Underlying Futures Contracts trading on the Chicago Mercantile
Exchange (the “Exchange”). The Underlying Futures Contracts are U.S. dollar-denominated futures contracts based on the Russell
2000® Index. The Russell 2000® Index consists of the middle 2,000 companies included in the Russell 3000E™ Index and, as a result
of the index calculation methodology, consists of the smallest 2,000 companies included in the Russell 3000® Index. The Russell
2000® Index is designed to track the performance of the small capitalization segment of the U.S. equity market. For additional
information about the Index and the Underlying Futures Contracts, see Annex A in this pricing supplement.
Hypothetical Back-Tested Data and Historical Information
The following graph sets forth the hypothetical back-tested performance of the Index based on the hypothetical back-tested weekly
closing levels of the Index from January 3, 2020 through May 17, 2024 and the historical performance of the Index based on the weekly
historical closing levels of the Index from May 24, 2024 through July 25, 2025. The Index was established on May 20, 2024, as
represented by the vertical line in the following graph. All data to the left of that vertical line reflect hypothetical back-tested
performance of the Index. All data to the right of that vertical line reflect actual historical performance of the Index. The closing level of
the Index on July 28, 2025 was 310.94. We obtained the closing levels above and below from the Bloomberg Professional® service
(“Bloomberg”), without independent verification.
The data for the hypothetical back-tested performance of the Index set forth below are purely theoretical and do not represent the
actual historical performance of the Index. See “Selected Risk Considerations — Risks Relating to the Index — Hypothetical Back-
Tested Data Relating to the Index Do Not Represent Actual Historical Data and Are Subject to Inherent Limitations” above.
The hypothetical back-tested and historical closing levels of the Index should not be taken as an indication of future performance, and
no assurance can be given as to the closing level of the Index on the Pricing Date or the Observation Date. There can be no assurance
that the performance of the Index will result in a payment at maturity in excess of your principal amount, subject to the credit risks of
JPMorgan Financial and JPMorgan Chase & Co.
The hypothetical back-tested closing levels of the Index have inherent limitations and have not been verified by an independent third
party. These hypothetical back-tested closing levels are determined by means of a retroactive application of a back-tested model
designed with the benefit of hindsight. Hypothetical back-tested results are neither an indicator nor a guarantee of future returns. No
representation is made that an investment in the notes will or is likely to achieve returns similar to those shown. Alternative modeling
techniques or assumptions would produce different hypothetical back-tested closing levels of the Index that might prove to be more
appropriate and that might differ significantly from the hypothetical back-tested closing levels of the Index set forth above.
Treatment as Contingent Payment Debt Instruments
You should review carefully the section entitled “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences,” and in particular the subsection
thereof entitled “— Tax Consequences to U.S. Holders — Notes with a Term of More than One Year — Notes Treated as Contingent
Payment Debt Instruments” in the accompanying product supplement no. 3-I. Unlike a traditional debt instrument that provides for
periodic payments of interest at a single fixed rate, with respect to which a cash-method investor generally recognizes income only
upon receipt of stated interest, our special tax counsel, Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP, is of the opinion that the notes will be treated for
U.S. federal income tax purposes as “contingent payment debt instruments.” As discussed in that subsection, you generally will be
required to accrue original issue discount (“OID”) on your notes in each taxable year at the “comparable yield,” as determined by us,
although we will not make any payment with respect to the notes until maturity. Upon sale or exchange (including at maturity), you will
recognize taxable income or loss equal to the difference between the amount received from the sale or exchange and your adjusted
basis in the note, which generally will equal the cost thereof, increased by the amount of OID you have accrued in respect of the note.
You generally must treat any income as interest income and any loss as ordinary loss to the extent of previous interest inclusions, and
the balance as capital loss. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations. The discussions herein and in the accompanying
product supplement do not address the consequences to taxpayers subject to special tax accounting rules under Section 451(b) of the
Code. Purchasers who are not initial purchasers of notes at their issue price should consult their tax advisers with respect to the tax
consequences of an investment in notes, including the treatment of the difference, if any, between the basis in their notes and the
notes’ adjusted issue price.
Section 871(m) of the Code and Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder (“Section 871(m)”) generally impose a 30% withholding
tax (unless an income tax treaty applies) on dividend equivalents paid or deemed paid to Non-U.S. Holders with respect to certain
financial instruments linked to U.S. equities or indices that include U.S. equities. Section 871(m) provides certain exceptions to this
withholding regime, including for instruments linked to certain broad-based indices that meet requirements set forth in the applicable
Treasury regulations. Additionally, a recent IRS notice excludes from the scope of Section 871(m) instruments issued prior to January
1, 2027 that do not have a delta of one with respect to underlying securities that could pay U.S.-source dividends for U.S. federal
income tax purposes (each an “Underlying Security”). Based on certain determinations made by us, we expect that Section 871(m) will
not apply to the notes with regard to Non-U.S. Holders. Our determination is not binding on the IRS, and the IRS may disagree with
this determination. Section 871(m) is complex and its application may depend on your particular circumstances, including whether you
enter into other transactions with respect to an Underlying Security. If necessary, further information regarding the potential application
of Section 871(m) will be provided in the pricing supplement for the notes. You should consult your tax adviser regarding the potential
application of Section 871(m) to the notes.
The discussions in the preceding paragraphs, when read in combination with the section entitled “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax
Consequences” (and in particular the subsection thereof entitled “— Tax Consequences to U.S. Holders — Notes with a Term of More
than One Year — Notes Treated as Contingent Payment Debt Instruments”) in the accompanying product supplement, constitute the
full opinion of Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP regarding the material U.S. federal income tax consequences of owning and disposing of
notes.
Comparable Yield and Projected Payment Schedule
We will determine the comparable yield for the notes and will provide that comparable yield and the related projected payment schedule
(or information about how to obtain them) in the pricing supplement for the notes, which we will file with the SEC. The comparable yield
for the notes will be determined based upon a variety of factors, including actual market conditions and our borrowing costs for debt
instruments of comparable maturities at the time of issuance. The comparable yield and projected payment schedule are
determined solely to calculate the amount on which you will be taxed with respect to the notes in each year and are neither a
prediction nor a guarantee of what the actual yield will be.
The Estimated Value of the Notes
The estimated value of the notes set forth on the cover of this pricing supplement is equal to the sum of the values of the following
hypothetical components: (1) a fixed-income debt component with the same maturity as the notes, valued using the internal funding
rate described below, and (2) the derivative or derivatives underlying the economic terms of the notes. The estimated value of the
notes does not represent a minimum price at which JPMS would be willing to buy your notes in any secondary market (if any exists) at
any time. The internal funding rate used in the determination of the estimated value of the notes may differ from the market-implied
funding rate for vanilla fixed income instruments of a similar maturity issued by JPMorgan Chase & Co. or its affiliates. Any difference
may be based on, among other things, our and our affiliates’ view of the funding value of the notes as well as the higher issuance,
operational and ongoing liability management costs of the notes in comparison to those costs for the conventional fixed income
instruments of JPMorgan Chase & Co. This internal funding rate is based on certain market inputs and assumptions, which may prove
to be incorrect, and is intended to approximate the prevailing market replacement funding rate for the notes. The use of an internal
funding rate and any potential changes to that rate may have an adverse effect on the terms of the notes and any secondary market
prices of the notes. For additional information, see “Selected Risk Considerations — Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and
Secondary Market Prices of the Notes — The Estimated Value of the Notes Is Derived by Reference to an Internal Funding Rate” in this
pricing supplement.
The value of the derivative or derivatives underlying the economic terms of the notes is derived from internal pricing models of our
affiliates. These models are dependent on inputs such as the traded market prices of comparable derivative instruments and on
various other inputs, some of which are market-observable, and which can include volatility, dividend rates, interest rates and other
factors, as well as assumptions about future market events and/or environments. Accordingly, the estimated value of the notes is
determined when the terms of the notes are set based on market conditions and other relevant factors and assumptions existing at that
time.
The estimated value of the notes does not represent future values of the notes and may differ from others’ estimates. Different pricing
models and assumptions could provide valuations for the notes that are greater than or less than the estimated value of the notes. In
addition, market conditions and other relevant factors in the future may change, and any assumptions may prove to be incorrect. On
future dates, the value of the notes could change significantly based on, among other things, changes in market conditions, our or
JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s creditworthiness, interest rate movements and other relevant factors, which may impact the price, if any, at
which JPMS would be willing to buy notes from you in secondary market transactions.
The estimated value of the notes will be lower than the original issue price of the notes because costs associated with selling,
structuring and hedging the notes are included in the original issue price of the notes. These costs include the selling commissions
paid to JPMS and other affiliated or unaffiliated dealers, the projected profits, if any, that our affiliates expect to realize for assuming
risks inherent in hedging our obligations under the notes and the estimated cost of hedging our obligations under the notes. Because
hedging our obligations entails risk and may be influenced by market forces beyond our control, this hedging may result in a profit that
is more or less than expected, or it may result in a loss. A portion of the profits, if any, realized in hedging our obligations under the
notes may be allowed to other affiliated or unaffiliated dealers, and we or one or more of our affiliates will retain any remaining hedging
profits. See “Selected Risk Considerations — Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes — The
Estimated Value of the Notes Will Be Lower Than the Original Issue Price (Price to Public) of the Notes” in this pricing supplement.
Secondary Market Prices of the Notes
For information about factors that will impact any secondary market prices of the notes, see “Risk Factors — Risks Relating to the
Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes — Secondary market prices of the notes will be impacted by many
economic and market factors” in the accompanying product supplement. In addition, we generally expect that some of the costs
included in the original issue price of the notes will be partially paid back to you in connection with any repurchases of your notes by
JPMS in an amount that will decline to zero over an initial predetermined period. These costs can include selling commissions,
projected hedging profits, if any, and, in some circumstances, estimated hedging costs and our internal secondary market funding rates
for structured debt issuances. This initial predetermined time period is intended to be the shorter of six months and one-half of the
stated term of the notes. The length of any such initial period reflects the structure of the notes, whether our affiliates expect to earn a
profit in connection with our hedging activities, the estimated costs of hedging the notes and when these costs are incurred, as
determined by our affiliates. See “Selected Risk Considerations — Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices
of the Notes — The Value of the Notes as Published by JPMS (and Which May Be Reflected on Customer Account Statements) May
Be Higher Than the Then-Current Estimated Value of the Notes for a Limited Time Period” in this pricing supplement.
Supplemental Use of Proceeds
The notes are offered to meet investor demand for products that reflect the risk-return profile and market exposure provided by the
notes. See “Hypothetical Payout Profile” and “How the Notes Work” in this pricing supplement for an illustration of the risk-return profile
of the notes and “The Index” in this pricing supplement for a description of the market exposure provided by the notes.
The original issue price of the notes is equal to the estimated value of the notes plus the selling commissions paid to JPMS and other
affiliated or unaffiliated dealers, plus (minus) the projected profits (losses) that our affiliates expect to realize for assuming risks inherent
in hedging our obligations under the notes, plus the estimated cost of hedging our obligations under the notes.
Additional Terms Specific to the Notes
You may revoke your offer to purchase the notes at any time prior to the time at which we accept such offer by notifying the applicable
agent. We reserve the right to change the terms of, or reject any offer to purchase, the notes prior to their issuance. In the event of any
changes to the terms of the notes, we will notify you and you will be asked to accept such changes in connection with your purchase.
You may also choose to reject such changes, in which case we may reject your offer to purchase.
You should read this pricing supplement together with the accompanying prospectus, as supplemented by the accompanying
prospectus supplement relating to our Series A medium-term notes of which these notes are a part, the accompanying prospectus
addendum and the more detailed information contained in the accompanying product supplement and the accompanying underlying
supplement. This pricing supplement, together with the documents listed below, contains the terms of the notes and supersedes all
other prior or contemporaneous oral statements as well as any other written materials including preliminary or indicative pricing terms,
correspondence, trade ideas, structures for implementation, sample structures, fact sheets, brochures or other educational materials of
ours. You should carefully consider, among other things, the matters set forth in the “Risk Factors” sections of the accompanying
prospectus supplement and the accompanying product supplement and in Annex A to the accompanying prospectus addendum, as the
notes involve risks not associated with conventional debt securities. We urge you to consult your investment, legal, tax, accounting and
other advisers before you invest in the notes.
You may access these documents on the SEC website at www.sec.gov as follows (or if such address has changed, by reviewing our
filings for the relevant date on the SEC website):
• Product supplement no. 3-I dated April 13, 2023:
http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/19617/000121390023029706/ea153081_424b2.pdf
• Underlying supplement no. 1-I dated April 13, 2023:
http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/19617/000121390023029543/ea151873_424b2.pdf
• Prospectus supplement and prospectus, each dated April 13, 2023:
http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/19617/000095010323005751/crt_dp192097-424b2.pdf
• Prospectus addendum dated June 3, 2024:
http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1665650/000095010324007599/dp211753_424b3.htm
Our Central Index Key, or CIK, on the SEC website is 1665650, and JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s CIK is 19617. As used in this pricing
supplement, “we,” “us” and “our” refer to JPMorgan Financial.
Annex A
The Russell 2000® Futures Excess Return Index
All information contained in this pricing supplement regarding the Russell 2000® Futures Excess Return Index (the “RTY Futures
Index”), including, without limitation, its make-up, method of calculation and changes in its components, has been derived from publicly
available information, without independent verification. This information reflects the policies of, and is subject to change by, FTSE
International Limited (“FTSE”). The RTY Futures Index is calculated by MerQube, Inc. (the “Index Calculation Agent”), and maintained
and published by FTSE. FTSE has no obligation to continue to publish, and may discontinue the publication of, the RTY Futures Index.
The RTY Futures Index is reported by Bloomberg L.P. under the ticker symbol “RTYFPE.”
The RTY Futures Index has been calculated on a live basis since May 20, 2024, the “Index Live Date.”
The RTY Futures Index measures the performance of the nearest maturing quarterly E-mini® Russell 2000® futures contracts (Symbol:
RTY) (the “Underlying Futures Contracts”) trading on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (the “Exchange”). The Underlying Futures
Contracts are U.S. dollar-denominated futures contracts based on the Russell 2000® Index. For additional information about the
Russell 2000® Index, see “Equity Index Descriptions — The Russell Indices” in the accompanying underlying supplement. The RTY
Futures Index is calculated real-time from the price change of the Underlying Futures Contracts. The RTY Futures Index is an “excess
return” index that is based on price levels of the Underlying Futures Contracts as well as the discount or premium obtained by “rolling”
hypothetical positions in the Underlying Futures Contracts as they approach delivery. The RTY Futures Index does not reflect interest
earned on hypothetical, fully collateralized contract positions.
Index Rolling
As each Underlying Futures Contract approaches maturity, it is replaced by the next maturing Underlying Futures Contract in a process
referred to as “rolling.” The rolling of the RTY Futures Index occurs quarterly over a three-day rolling period (the “roll period”) every
March, June, September and December, effective after the close of trading on the fifth, fourth and third business days (each, a “roll
day”) preceding the last trading date of the maturing Underlying Futures Contract. The number of units over the roll period will change
equally each day as illustrated below, provided that no Index Market Disruption Events occurred on any business day during the roll
period.
Roll Period Day
Proportion of Current Contract
Proportion of Next Contract
Day 1
2/3
1/3
Day 2
1/3
2/3
Day 3
0
1
If an Index Market Disruption Event occurs on any business day during the roll period that is not the last business day of the roll period,
the portion of the roll will be postponed to the first roll business day immediately following that business day.
If an Index Market Disruption Event occurs on the last business day of the roll period, the roll on that business day will not be
postponed.
Index Market Disruption Events
An Index Market Disruption Event can be defined as the occurrence of one or more of the following events if, in the discretion of the
Index Calculation Agent, that event is material:
• The Index Calculation Agent observes on any business day that there has been a declaration of a general moratorium in respect of
banking activities in any relevant jurisdiction.
• The occurrence of an event that makes it impossible or not reasonably practicable on any business day for the Index Calculation
Agent to obtain the value of any Underlying Futures Contract, or any other price or necessary information for purposes of
calculating the value of the RTY Futures Index in a manner acceptable to the Index Calculation Agent.
• The administrator of the Underlying Futures Contract fails to announce or publish the level of that Underlying Futures Contract on a
business day on which the level of that Underlying Futures Contract was scheduled to be announced or published.
• The occurrence or existence of a lack of, or material decline in, the liquidity in the market for trading of any Underlying Futures
Contract on any business day.
• A force majeure event or any event that disrupts or impairs (as determined by the Index Calculation Agent acting in a reasonable
manner) the ability of market participants in general to establish, maintain or unwind transactions in, or obtain market values for,
futures, forwards, options, swaps or other over-the-counter derivative transactions indirectly included in and/or that may be used for
hedging any Underlying Futures Contract.
• A suspension, disruption, absence or material limitation imposed on trading by the Exchange or observed in any related over-the-
counter market(s) or otherwise and whether by reason of movements in price exceeding limits permitted by the Exchange or
otherwise in the futures, forwards, options, swaps or other over-the-counter derivative transactions indirectly included in and/or that
may be used for hedging the RTY Futures Index.
Index Calculations
The closing level of the RTY Futures Index on any trading day reflects the change in the daily contract price of the Underlying Futures
Contract since the immediately preceding business day. Additionally, on each roll day during the quarterly roll period, the closing level
of the RTY Futures Index reflects the proportional change from the daily contract price of the maturing Underlying Futures Contract on
the immediately preceding trading day to the daily contract price of the next maturing Underlying Futures Contract on that roll day.
The daily contract price of an Underlying Futures Contract will be the settlement price reported by the Exchange. If, on any business
day, an Index Market Disruption Event occurs or is occurring that the Index Calculation Agent determines, in its sole discretion,
materially affects the RTY Futures Index, the Index Calculation Agent may, but not limited to:
• Use the last available closing futures value to calculate and publish the closing level of the RTY Futures Index; and/or
• Defer or suspend the calculation and publication of the closing level of the RTY Futures Index and any other information relating to
the RTY Futures Index until the next business day on which that Index Market Disruption Event has ceased.
Index Corrections and Recalculations
FTSE reserves the right to recalculate an index at its discretion in the event that settlement prices are amended or upon the occurrence
of a missed index methodology event (deviation from what is stated in the methodology document).
License Agreement
Frank Russell Company (“Russell”) is the source and owner of the trademarks, service marks and copyrights related to the Russell
Indices. Russell® is a trademark of Frank Russell Company. Neither Russell nor its licensors accept any liability for any errors or
omissions in the Russell Indices and/or Russell ratings or underlying data and no party may rely on any Russell Indices and/or Russell
ratings and/or underlying data contained in this communication. No further distribution of Russell Data is permitted without Russell’s
express written consent. Russell does not promote, sponsor or endorse the content of this communication.
The Russell 2000® Futures Excess Return Index (for the purposes of this disclaimer, the “Index”) is a trademark of Frank Russell
Company (“Russell”) and has been licensed for use by JPMorgan Chase & Co. and its affiliates (“J.P. Morgan”). These notes are not in
any way sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Russell or the London Stock Exchange Group companies (“LSEG”) (together the
“Licensor Parties”) and none of the Licensor Parties make any claim, prediction, warranty or representation whatsoever, expressly or
impliedly, either as to (i) the results to be obtained from the use of the Index (upon which the notes are based), (ii) the figure at which
the Index is said to stand at any particular time on any particular day or otherwise, or (iii) the suitability of the Index for the purpose to
which it is being put in connection with the notes. None of the Licensor Parties have provided or will provide any financial or investment
advice or recommendation in relation to the Index to J.P. Morgan or to its clients. The Index is calculated by Russell or its agent. None
of the Licensor Parties shall be (a) liable (whether in negligence or otherwise) to any person for any error in the Index or (b) under any
obligation to advise any person of any error therein.
Background on Futures Contracts
Overview of Futures Markets
Futures contracts are contracts that legally obligate the holder to buy or sell an asset at a predetermined delivery price during a
specified future time period. Futures contracts are traded on regulated futures exchanges, in the over-the-counter market and on
various types of physical and electronic trading facilities and markets. An exchange-traded futures contract provides for the purchase
and sale of a specified type and quantity of an underlying asset or financial instrument during a stated delivery month for a fixed price.
A futures contract provides for a specified settlement month in which the cash settlement is made or in which the underlying asset or
financial instrument is to be delivered by the seller (whose position is therefore described as “short”) and acquired by the purchaser
(whose position is therefore described as “long”).
No purchase price is paid or received on the purchase or sale of a futures contract. Instead, an amount of cash or cash equivalents
must be deposited with the broker as “initial margin.” This amount varies based on the requirements imposed by the exchange clearing
houses, but it may be lower than 5% of the notional value of the contract. This margin deposit provides collateral for the obligations of
the parties to the futures contract.
By depositing margin, which may vary in form depending on the exchange, with the clearing house or broker involved, a market
participant may be able to earn interest on its margin funds, thereby increasing the total return that it may realize from an investment in
futures contracts.
In the United States, futures contracts are traded on designated contract markets. At any time prior to the expiration of a futures
contract, a trader may elect to close out its position by taking an opposite position on the exchange on which the trader obtained the
position, subject to the availability of a liquid secondary market. This operates to terminate the position and fix the trader’s profit or loss.
Futures contracts are cleared through the facilities of a centralized clearing house and a brokerage firm, referred to as a “futures
commission merchant,” which is a member of the clearing house.
Unlike common equity securities, futures contracts, by their terms, have stated expirations. At a specific point in time prior to expiration,
trading in a futures contract for the current delivery month will cease. As a result, a market participant wishing to maintain its exposure
to a futures contract on a particular asset or financial instrument with the nearest expiration must close out its position in the expiring
contract and establish a new position in the contract for the next delivery month, a process referred to as “rolling.” For example, a
market participant with a long position in a futures contract expiring in November who wishes to maintain a position in the nearest
delivery month will, as the November contract nears expiration, sell the November contract, which serves to close out the existing long
position, and buy a futures contract expiring in December. This will “roll” the November position into a December position, and, when
the November contract expires, the market participant will still have a long position in the nearest delivery month.
Futures exchanges and clearing houses in the United States are subject to regulation by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission
(the “CFTC”). Exchanges may adopt rules and take other actions that affect trading, including imposing speculative position limits,
maximum price fluctuations and trading halts and suspensions and requiring liquidation of contracts in certain circumstances. Futures
markets outside the United States are generally subject to regulation by foreign regulatory authorities comparable to the CFTC. The
structure and nature of trading on non-U.S. exchanges, however, may differ from the above description.
Underlying Futures Contracts
E-mini® Russell 2000® futures contracts are U.S. dollar-denominated futures contracts (each, an “E-mini® Russell 2000® futures
contract”), based on the Russell 2000® Index, traded on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (the “Exchange”), representing a contract
unit of $50.00 multiplied by the index level of Russell 2000® Index, measured in cents per index point. From February 4, 1993 to
September 18, 2008, and since July 10, 2017, E-mini® Russell 2000® futures contracts have traded on the Exchange. From August 8,
2007 to June 15, 2018, E-mini® Russell 2000® futures contracts traded on the ICE Futures U.S. exchange.
E-mini® Russell 2000® futures contracts listed for the nearest five quarters, for each March, June, September and December are
available for trading. Trading of the E-mini® Russell 2000® futures contracts will terminate at 9:30 A.M. Eastern time on the third Friday
of the contract month.
The daily settlement prices of the E-mini® Russell 2000® futures contracts are based on trading activity in the relevant contract (and in
the case of a lead month also being the expiry month, together with trading activity on lead month-second month spread contracts) on
the Exchange during a specified settlement period. The final settlement price of E-mini® Russell 2000® futures contracts is determined
through the “end-of-month fair value procedure,” which fixes a price based on trading activity on the Exchange in the E-mini® Russell
2000® futures contracts between 2:59:30 P.M. and 3:00:00 P.M. Central time.