The information in this preliminary pricing supplement is not complete and may be changed. This preliminary pricing supplement is not
an offer to sell nor does it seek an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.
Subject to completion dated May 13, 2025
May
,
2025 Registration Statement Nos. 333-270004 and 333-270004-01; Rule 424(b)(2)
Pricing supplement to product supplement no. 4-I dated April 13, 2023, underlying supplement no. 1-I dated April 13, 2023,
the prospectus and prospectus supplement, each dated April 13, 2023, and the prospectus addendum dated June 3, 2024
JPMorgan Chase Financial Company LLC
Structured Investments
Uncapped Return Enhanced Notes Linked to the Lesser
Performing of the SPDR
®
S&P 500
®
ETF Trust and the
Invesco QQQ Trust
SM
, Series 1 due May 19, 2028
Fully and Unconditionally Guaranteed by JPMorgan Chase & Co.
• The notes are designed for investors who seek an uncapped return of at least 1.505 times any appreciation of the lesser
performing of the SPDR
®
S&P 500
®
ETF Trust and the Invesco QQQ Trust
SM
, Series 1, which we refer to as the Funds,
at maturity.
• Investors should be willing to forgo interest and dividend payments and be willing to lose some or all of their principal
amount at maturity.
• The notes are unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of JPMorgan Chase Financial Company LLC, which we refer to
as JPMorgan Financial, the payment on which is fully and unconditionally guaranteed by JPMorgan Chase & Co. Any
payment on the notes is subject to the credit risk of JPMorgan Financial, as issuer of the notes, and the credit
risk of JPMorgan Chase & Co., as guarantor of the notes.
• Payments on the notes are not linked to a basket composed of the Funds. Payments on the notes are linked to the
performance of each of the Funds individually, as described below.
• Minimum denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples thereof
• The notes are expected to price on or about May 16, 2025 and are expected to settle on or about May 21, 2025.
• CUSIP: 48136EHM0
Investing in the notes involves a number of risks. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page S-2 of the accompanying
prospectus supplement, Annex A to the accompanying prospectus addendum, “Risk Factors” beginning on page PS-11
of the accompanying product supplement and “Selected Risk Considerations” beginning on page PS-3 of this pricing
supplement.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved
of the notes or passed upon the accuracy or the adequacy of this pricing supplement or the accompanying product supplement,
underlying supplement, prospectus supplement, prospectus and prospectus addendum. Any representation to the contrary is a
criminal offense.
Price to Public (1) Fees and Commissions (2) Proceeds to Issuer
Per note $1,000 $ $
Total $ $ $
(1) See “Supplemental Use of Proceeds” in this pricing supplement for information about the components of the price to public of the
notes.
(2) J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, which we refer to as JPMS, acting as agent for JPMorgan Financial, will pay all of the selling
commissions it receives from us to other affiliated or unaffiliated dealers. In no event will these selling commissions exceed $7.50 per
$1,000
p
rinci
p
al amount note. See “Plan of Distribution
(
Conflicts of Interest
)
” in the accom
p
an
y
in
g
p
roduct su
pp
lement.
If the notes priced today, the estimated value of the notes would be approximately $984.50 per $1,000 principal amount
note. The estimated value of the notes, when the terms of the notes are set, will be provided in the pricing supplement
and will not be less than $950.00 per $1,000 principal amount note. See “The Estimated Value of the Notes” in this
pricing supplement for additional information.
The notes are not bank deposits, are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other governmental agency
and are not obligations of, or guaranteed by, a bank.
PS-1 | Structured Investments
Uncapped Return Enhanced Notes Linked to the Lesser Performing of the
SPDR
®
S&P 500
®
ETF Trust and the Invesco QQQ Trust
SM
, Series 1
Key Terms
Issuer: JPMorgan Chase Financial Company LLC, a direct,
wholly owned finance subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase & Co.
Guarantor: JPMorgan Chase & Co.
Funds: The SPDR
®
S&P 500
®
ETF Trust (Bloomberg ticker:
SPY) and the Invesco QQQ Trust
SM
, Series 1 (Bloomberg
ticker: QQQ)
Upside Leverage Factor: At least 1.505 (to be provided in the
pricing supplement)
Pricing Date: On or about May 16, 2025
Original Issue Date (Settlement Date): On or about May 21,
2025
Observation Date*: May 16, 2028
Maturity Date*: May 19, 2028
* Subject to postponement in the event of a market disruption event
and as described under “General Terms of Notes — Postponement
of a Determination Date — Notes Linked to Multiple Underlyings”
and “General Terms of Notes — Postponement of a Payment Date”
in the accompanying product supplement
Payment at Maturity:
If the Final Value of each Fund is greater than its Initial Value,
your payment at maturity per $1,000 principal amount note will
be calculated as follows:
$1,000 + ($1,000 × Lesser Performing Fund Return × Upside
Leverage Factor)
If (i) the Final Value of one Fund is greater than its Initial Value
and the Final Value of the other Fund is equal to its Initial Value
or (ii) the Final Value of each Fund is equal to its Initial Value,
you will receive the principal amount of your notes at maturity.
If the Final Value of either Fund is less than its Initial Value,
your payment at maturity per $1,000 principal amount note will
be calculated as follows:
$1,000 + ($1,000 × Lesser Performing Fund Return)
If the Final Value of either Fund is less than its Initial Value, you
will lose some or all of your principal amount at maturity.
Lesser Performing Fund: The Fund with the Lesser
Performing Fund Return
Lesser Performing Fund Return: The lower of the Fund
Returns of the Funds
Fund Return:
With respect to each Fund,
(Final Value – Initial Value)
Initial Value
Initial Value: With respect to each Fund, the closing price of
one share of that Fund on the Pricing Date
Final Value: With respect to each Fund, the closing price of
one share of that Fund on the Observation Date
Share Adjustment Factor: With respect to each Fund, the
Share Adjustment Factor is referenced in determining the
closing price of one share of that Fund and is set equal to 1.0
on the Pricing Date. The Share Adjustment Factor of each
Fund is subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain
events affecting that Fund. See “The Underlyings — Funds —
Anti-Dilution Adjustments” in the accompanying product
supplement for further information.
PS-2 | Structured Investments
Uncapped Return Enhanced Notes Linked to the Lesser Performing of the
SPDR
®
S&P 500
®
ETF Trust and the Invesco QQQ Trust
SM
, Series 1
Supplemental Terms of the Notes
Any values of the Funds, and any values derived therefrom, included in this pricing supplement may be corrected, in the event of
manifest error or inconsistency, by amendment of this pricing supplement and the corresponding terms of the notes. Notwithstanding
anything to the contrary in the indenture governing the notes, that amendment will become effective without consent of the holders of
the notes or any other party.
Hypothetical Payout Profile
The following table and graph illustrate the hypothetical total return and payment at maturity on the notes linked to two hypothetical
Funds. The “total return” as used in this pricing supplement is the number, expressed as a percentage, that results from comparing the
payment at maturity per $1,000 principal amount note to $1,000. The hypothetical total returns and payments set forth below assume
the following:
• an Initial Value for the Lesser Performing Fund of $100.00; and
• an Upside Leverage Factor of 1.505.
The hypothetical Initial Value of the Lesser Performing Fund of $100.00 has been chosen for illustrative purposes only and may not
represent a likely actual Initial Value of either Fund. The actual Initial Value of each Fund will be the closing price of one share of that
Fund on the Pricing Date and will be provided in the pricing supplement. For historical data regarding the actual closing prices of one
share of each Fund, please see the historical information set forth under “The Funds” in this pricing supplement.
Each hypothetical total return or hypothetical payment at maturity set forth below is for illustrative purposes only and may not be the
actual total return or payment at maturity applicable to a purchaser of the notes. The numbers appearing in the following table and
graph have been rounded for ease of analysis.
Final Value of the Lesser
Performing Fund
Lesser Performing Fund
Return Total Return on the Notes Payment at Maturity
$165.00 65.00% 97.825% $1,978.25
$150.00 50.00% 75.250% $1,752.50
$140.00 40.00% 60.200% $1,602.00
$130.00 30.00% 45.150% $1,451.50
$120.00 20.00% 30.100% $1,301.00
$110.00 10.00% 15.050% $1,150.50
$105.00 5.00% 7.525% $1,075.25
$101.00 1.00% 1.505% $1,015.05
$100.00 0.00% 0.000% $1,000.00
$95.00 -5.00% -5.000% $950.00
$90.00 -10.00% -10.000% $900.00
$80.00 -20.00% -20.000% $800.00
$70.00 -30.00% -30.000% $700.00
$60.00 -40.00% -40.000% $600.00
$50.00 -50.00% -50.000% $500.00
$40.00 -60.00% -60.000% $400.00
$30.00 -70.00% -70.000% $300.00
$20.00 -80.00% -80.000% $200.00
$10.00 -90.00% -90.000% $100.00
$0.00 -100.00% -100.000% $0.00
PS-3 | Structured Investments
Uncapped Return Enhanced Notes Linked to the Lesser Performing of the
SPDR
®
S&P 500
®
ETF Trust and the Invesco QQQ Trust
SM
, Series 1
The following graph demonstrates the hypothetical payments at maturity on the notes for a range of Lesser Performing Fund Returns.
There can be no assurance that the performance of the Lesser Performing Fund will result in the return of any of your principal amount.
How the Notes Work
Upside Scenario:
If the Final Value of each Fund is greater than its Initial Value, investors will receive at maturity the $1,000 principal amount plus a
return equal to the Lesser Performing Fund Return times the Upside Leverage Factor of at least 1.505.
• Assuming a hypothetical Upside Leverage Factor of 1.505, if the closing price of one share of the Lesser Performing Fund
increases 10.00%, investors will receive at maturity a return equal to 15.05%, or $1,150.50 per $1,000 principal amount note.
Par Scenario:
If (i) the Final Value of one Fund is greater than its Initial Value and the Final Value of the other Fund is equal to its Initial Value or (ii)
the Final Value of each Fund is equal to its Initial Value, investors will receive at maturity the principal amount of their notes.
Downside Scenario:
If the Final Value of either Fund is less than its Initial Value, investors will lose 1% of the principal amount of their notes for every 1%
that the Final Value of the Lesser Performing Fund is less than its Initial Value.
• For example, if the closing price of one share of the Lesser Performing Fund declines 60.00%, investors will lose 60.00% of their
principal amount and receive only $400.00 per $1,000 principal amount note at maturity.
The hypothetical returns and hypothetical payments on the notes shown above apply only if you hold the notes for their entire term.
These hypotheticals do not reflect the fees or expenses that would be associated with any sale in the secondary market. If these fees
and expenses were included, the hypothetical returns and hypothetical payments shown above would likely be lower.
Selected Risk Considerations
An investment in the notes involves significant risks. These risks are explained in more detail in the “Risk Factors” sections of the
accompanying prospectus supplement and product supplement and in Annex A to the accompanying prospectus addendum.
Risks Relating to the Notes Generally
• YOUR INVESTMENT IN THE NOTES MAY RESULT IN A LOSS —
The notes do not guarantee any return of principal. If the Final Value of either Fund is less than its Initial Value, you will lose 1% of
the principal amount of your notes for every 1% that the Final Value of the Lesser Performing Fund is less than its Initial Value.
Accordingly, under these circumstances, you will lose some or all of your principal amount at maturity.
PS-4 | Structured Investments
Uncapped Return Enhanced Notes Linked to the Lesser Performing of the
SPDR
®
S&P 500
®
ETF Trust and the Invesco QQQ Trust
SM
, Series 1
• CREDIT RISKS OF JPMORGAN FINANCIAL AND JPMORGAN CHASE & CO. —
Investors are dependent on our and JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s ability to pay all amounts due on the notes. Any actual or potential
change in our or JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s creditworthiness or credit spreads, as determined by the market for taking that credit
risk, is likely to adversely affect the value of the notes. If we and JPMorgan Chase & Co. were to default on our payment
obligations, you may not receive any amounts owed to you under the notes and you could lose your entire investment.
• AS A FINANCE SUBSIDIARY, JPMORGAN FINANCIAL HAS NO INDEPENDENT OPERATIONS AND HAS LIMITED ASSETS
—
As a finance subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase & Co., we have no independent operations beyond the issuance and administration of
our securities and the collection of intercompany obligations. Aside from the initial capital contribution from JPMorgan Chase &
Co., substantially all of our assets relate to obligations of JPMorgan Chase & Co. to make payments under loans made by us to
JPMorgan Chase & Co. or under other intercompany agreements. As a result, we are dependent upon payments from JPMorgan
Chase & Co. to meet our obligations under the notes. We are not a key operating subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase & Co. and in a
bankruptcy or resolution of JPMorgan Chase & Co. we are not expected to have sufficient resources to meet our obligations in
respect of the notes as they come due. If JPMorgan Chase & Co. does not make payments to us and we are unable to make
payments on the notes, you may have to seek payment under the related guarantee by JPMorgan Chase & Co., and that
guarantee will rank pari passu with all other unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of JPMorgan Chase & Co. For more
information, see the accompanying prospectus addendum.
• YOU ARE EXPOSED TO THE RISK OF DECLINE IN THE PRICE OF ONE SHARE OF EACH FUND —
Payments on the notes are not linked to a basket composed of the Funds and are contingent upon the performance of each
individual Fund. Poor performance by either of the Funds over the term of the notes may negatively affect your payment at
maturity and will not be offset or mitigated by positive performance by the other Fund.
• YOUR PAYMENT AT MATURITY WILL BE DETERMINED BY THE LESSER PERFORMING FUND.
• THE NOTES DO NOT PAY INTEREST.
• YOU WILL NOT RECEIVE DIVIDENDS ON EITHER FUND OR THE SECURITIES HELD BY EITHER FUND OR HAVE ANY
RIGHTS WITH RESPECT TO EITHER FUND OR THOSE SECURITIES.
• LACK OF LIQUIDITY —
The notes will not be listed on any securities exchange. Accordingly, the price at which you may be able to trade your notes is
likely to depend on the price, if any, at which JPMS is willing to buy the notes. You may not be able to sell your notes. The notes
are not designed to be short-term trading instruments. Accordingly, you should be able and willing to hold your notes to maturity.
• THE FINAL TERMS AND VALUATION OF THE NOTES WILL BE PROVIDED IN THE PRICING SUPPLEMENT —
You should consider your potential investment in the notes based on the minimums for the estimated value of the notes and the
Upside Leverage Factor.
Risks Relating to Conflicts of Interest
• POTENTIAL CONFLICTS —
We and our affiliates play a variety of roles in connection with the notes. In performing these duties, our and JPMorgan Chase &
Co.’s economic interests are potentially adverse to your interests as an investor in the notes. It is possible that hedging or trading
activities of ours or our affiliates in connection with the notes could result in substantial returns for us or our affiliates while the
value of the notes declines. Please refer to “Risk Factors — Risks Relating to Conflicts of Interest” in the accompanying product
supplement.
Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes
• THE ESTIMATED VALUE OF THE NOTES WILL BE LOWER THAN THE ORIGINAL ISSUE PRICE (PRICE TO PUBLIC) OF
THE NOTES —
The estimated value of the notes is only an estimate determined by reference to several factors. The original issue price of the
notes will exceed the estimated value of the notes because costs associated with selling, structuring and hedging the notes are
included in the original issue price of the notes. These costs include the selling commissions, the projected profits, if any, that our
PS-5 | Structured Investments
Uncapped Return Enhanced Notes Linked to the Lesser Performing of the
SPDR
®
S&P 500
®
ETF Trust and the Invesco QQQ Trust
SM
, Series 1
affiliates expect to realize for assuming risks inherent in hedging our obligations under the notes and the estimated cost of hedging
our obligations under the notes. See “The Estimated Value of the Notes” in this pricing supplement.
• THE ESTIMATED VALUE OF THE NOTES DOES NOT REPRESENT FUTURE VALUES OF THE NOTES AND MAY DIFFER
FROM OTHERS’ ESTIMATES —
See “The Estimated Value of the Notes” in this pricing supplement.
• THE ESTIMATED VALUE OF THE NOTES IS DERIVED BY REFERENCE TO AN INTERNAL FUNDING RATE —
The internal funding rate used in the determination of the estimated value of the notes may differ from the market-implied funding
rate for vanilla fixed income instruments of a similar maturity issued by JPMorgan Chase & Co. or its affiliates. Any difference may
be based on, among other things, our and our affiliates’ view of the funding value of the notes as well as the higher issuance,
operational and ongoing liability management costs of the notes in comparison to those costs for the conventional fixed income
instruments of JPMorgan Chase & Co. This internal funding rate is based on certain market inputs and assumptions, which may
prove to be incorrect, and is intended to approximate the prevailing market replacement funding rate for the notes. The use of an
internal funding rate and any potential changes to that rate may have an adverse effect on the terms of the notes and any
secondary market prices of the notes. See “The Estimated Value of the Notes” in this pricing supplement.
• THE VALUE OF THE NOTES AS PUBLISHED BY JPMS (AND WHICH MAY BE REFLECTED ON CUSTOMER ACCOUNT
STATEMENTS) MAY BE HIGHER THAN THE THEN-CURRENT ESTIMATED VALUE OF THE NOTES FOR A LIMITED TIME
PERIOD —
We generally expect that some of the costs included in the original issue price of the notes will be partially paid back to you in
connection with any repurchases of your notes by JPMS in an amount that will decline to zero over an initial predetermined period.
See “Secondary Market Prices of the Notes” in this pricing supplement for additional information relating to this initial period.
Accordingly, the estimated value of your notes during this initial period may be lower than the value of the notes as published by
JPMS (and which may be shown on your customer account statements).
• SECONDARY MARKET PRICES OF THE NOTES WILL LIKELY BE LOWER THAN THE ORIGINAL ISSUE PRICE OF THE
NOTES —
Any secondary market prices of the notes will likely be lower than the original issue price of the notes because, among other
things, secondary market prices take into account our internal secondary market funding rates for structured debt issuances and,
also, because secondary market prices may exclude selling commissions, projected hedging profits, if any, and estimated hedging
costs that are included in the original issue price of the notes. As a result, the price, if any, at which JPMS will be willing to buy the
notes from you in secondary market transactions, if at all, is likely to be lower than the original issue price. Any sale by you prior to
the Maturity Date could result in a substantial loss to you.
• SECONDARY MARKET PRICES OF THE NOTES WILL BE IMPACTED BY MANY ECONOMIC AND MARKET FACTORS —
The secondary market price of the notes during their term will be impacted by a number of economic and market factors, which
may either offset or magnify each other, aside from the selling commissions, projected hedging profits, if any, estimated hedging
costs and the prices of one share of the Funds. Additionally, independent pricing vendors and/or third party broker-dealers may
publish a price for the notes, which may also be reflected on customer account statements. This price may be different (higher or
lower) than the price of the notes, if any, at which JPMS may be willing to purchase your notes in the secondary market. See “Risk
Factors — Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes — Secondary market prices of the
notes will be impacted by many economic and market factors” in the accompanying product supplement.
Risks Relating to the Funds
• JPMORGAN CHASE & CO. IS CURRENTLY ONE OF THE COMPANIES THAT MAKE UP THE SPDR
®
S&P 500
®
ETF TRUST
AND ITS UNDERLYING INDEX,
but JPMorgan Chase & Co. will not have any obligation to consider your interests in taking any corporate action that might affect
the price of one share of the SPDR
®
S&P 500
®
ETF Trust or the level of its Underlying Index (as defined under “The Funds”
below).
• THERE ARE RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH THE FUNDS —
The Funds are subject to management risk, which is the risk that the investment strategies of the applicable Fund’s investment
adviser, the implementation of which is subject to a number of constraints, may not produce the intended results. These
constraints could adversely affect the market prices of the shares of the Funds and, consequently, the value of the notes.
PS-6 | Structured Investments
Uncapped Return Enhanced Notes Linked to the Lesser Performing of the
SPDR
®
S&P 500
®
ETF Trust and the Invesco QQQ Trust
SM
, Series 1
• THE PERFORMANCE AND MARKET VALUE OF EACH FUND, PARTICULARLY DURING PERIODS OF MARKET
VOLATILITY, MAY NOT CORRELATE WITH THE PERFORMANCE OF THAT FUND’S UNDERLYING INDEX AS WELL AS
THE NET ASSET VALUE PER SHARE —
Each Fund does not fully replicate its Underlying Index (as defined under “The Funds” below) and may hold securities different
from those included in its Underlying Index. In addition, the performance of each Fund will reflect additional transaction costs and
fees that are not included in the calculation of its Underlying Index. All of these factors may lead to a lack of correlation between
the performance of each Fund and its Underlying Index. In addition, corporate actions with respect to the equity securities
underlying a Fund (such as mergers and spin-offs) may impact the variance between the performances of that Fund and its
Underlying Index. Finally, because the shares of each Fund are traded on a securities exchange and are subject to market supply
and investor demand, the market value of one share of each Fund may differ from the net asset value per share of that Fund.
During periods of market volatility, securities underlying each Fund may be unavailable in the secondary market, market
participants may be unable to calculate accurately the net asset value per share of that Fund and the liquidity of that Fund may be
adversely affected. This kind of market volatility may also disrupt the ability of market participants to create and redeem shares of
a Fund. Further, market volatility may adversely affect, sometimes materially, the prices at which market participants are willing to
buy and sell shares of a Fund. As a result, under these circumstances, the market value of shares of a Fund may vary
substantially from the net asset value per share of that Fund. For all of the foregoing reasons, the performance of each Fund may
not correlate with the performance of its Underlying Index as well as the net asset value per share of that Fund, which could
materially and adversely affect the value of the notes in the secondary market and/or reduce any payment on the notes.
• NON-U.S. SECURITIES RISK WITH RESPECT TO THE INVESCO QQQ TRUST
SM
, SERIES 1 —
Some of the equity securities held by the Invesco QQQ Trust
SM
, Series 1 have been issued by non-U.S. companies. Investments
in securities linked to the value of such non-U.S. equity securities involve risks associated with the home countries of the issuers of
those non-U.S. equity securities.
• THE ANTI-DILUTION PROTECTION FOR THE FUNDS IS LIMITED —
The calculation agent will make adjustments to the Share Adjustment Factor for each Fund for certain events affecting the shares
of that Fund. However, the calculation agent will not make an adjustment in response to all events that could affect the shares of
the Funds. If an event occurs that does not require the calculation agent to make an adjustment, the value of the notes may be
materially and adversely affected.
PS-7 | Structured Investments
Uncapped Return Enhanced Notes Linked to the Lesser Performing of the
SPDR
®
S&P 500
®
ETF Trust and the Invesco QQQ Trust
SM
, Series 1
The Funds
The SPDR
®
S&P 500
®
ETF Trust is a registered investment company whose trust units represent an undivided ownership interest in a
portfolio of all, or substantially all, of the common stocks of the S&P 500
®
Index. The SPDR
®
S&P 500
®
ETF Trust seeks to provide
investment results that, before expenses, generally correspond to the price and yield performance of the S&P 500
®
Index, which we
refer to as the Underlying Index with respect to the SPDR
®
S&P 500
®
ETF Trust. The S&P 500
®
Index consists of stocks of 500
companies selected to provide a performance benchmark for the U.S. equity markets. For additional information about the SPDR
®
S&P
500
®
ETF Trust, see “Fund Descriptions — The SPDR
®
S&P 500
®
ETF Trust” in the accompanying underlying supplement.
The Invesco QQQ Trust
SM
, Series 1 is an exchange-traded fund that seeks to track the investment results, before fees and expenses,
of the Nasdaq-100 Index
®
, which we refer to as the Underlying Index with respect to the Invesco QQQ Trust
SM
, Series 1. The Nasdaq-
100 Index
®
is a modified market capitalization-weighted index of stocks of the 100 largest non-financial companies listed on The
Nasdaq Stock Market based on market capitalization. For additional information about the Invesco QQQ Trust
SM
, Series 1, see “Fund
Descriptions — The Invesco QQQ Trust
SM
, Series 1” in the accompanying underlying supplement.
Historical Information
The following graphs set forth the historical performance of each Fund based on the weekly historical closing prices of one share of
each Fund from January 3, 2020 through May 9, 2025. The closing price of one share of the SPDR
®
S&P 500
®
ETF Trust on May 9,
2025 was $564.34. The closing price of one share of the Invesco QQQ Trust
SM
, Series 1 on May 9, 2025 was $487.97. We obtained
the closing prices above and below from the Bloomberg Professional
®
service (“Bloomberg”), without independent verification. The
closing prices above and below may have been adjusted by Bloomberg for actions taken by the Funds, such as stock splits.
The historical closing prices of one share of each Fund should not be taken as an indication of future performance, and no assurance
can be given as to the closing price of one share of either Fund on the Pricing Date or the Observation Date. There can be no
assurance that the performance of the Funds will result in the return of any of your principal amount.
PS-8 | Structured Investments
Uncapped Return Enhanced Notes Linked to the Lesser Performing of the
SPDR
®
S&P 500
®
ETF Trust and the Invesco QQQ Trust
SM
, Series 1
Tax Treatment
You should review carefully the section entitled “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences” in the accompanying product
supplement no. 4-I. We expect to ask our special tax counsel to provide an opinion substantially consistent with the following
discussion at pricing.
Based on current market conditions, it is reasonable to treat the notes as “open transactions” that are not debt instruments for U.S.
federal income tax purposes, as more fully described in “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences — Tax Consequences to
U.S. Holders — Notes Treated as Open Transactions That Are Not Debt Instruments” in the accompanying product supplement.
Assuming this treatment is respected, subject to the possible application of the “constructive ownership” rules, the gain or loss on your
notes should be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if you hold your notes for more than a year, whether or not you are an initial
purchaser of notes at the issue price. The notes could be treated (in whole or in part) as “constructive ownership transactions” within
the meaning of Section 1260 of the Code, in which case all or a portion of any gain recognized in respect of the notes that would
otherwise be long-term capital gain and that was in excess of the “net underlying long-term capital gain” (as defined in Section 1260)
would be treated as ordinary income, and a notional interest charge would apply as if that income had accrued for tax purposes at a
constant yield over your holding period for the notes. We do not expect our special tax counsel to be in a position to express an opinion
with respect to whether the constructive ownership rules apply to the notes. Accordingly, U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisers
regarding the potential application of the constructive ownership rules.
The IRS or a court may not respect the treatment of the notes described above, in which case the timing and character of any income
or loss on your notes could be materially and adversely affected. In addition, in 2007 Treasury and the IRS released a notice
requesting comments on the U.S. federal income tax treatment of “prepaid forward contracts” and similar instruments. The notice
focuses in particular on whether to require investors in these instruments to accrue income over the term of their investment. It also
asks for comments on a number of related topics, including the character of income or loss with respect to these instruments; the
relevance of factors such as the nature of the underlying property to which the instruments are linked; the degree, if any, to which
income (including any mandated accruals) realized by non-U.S. investors should be subject to withholding tax; and whether these
instruments are or should be subject to the constructive ownership regime described above. While the notice requests comments on
appropriate transition rules and effective dates, any Treasury regulations or other guidance promulgated after consideration of these
issues could materially and adversely affect the tax consequences of an investment in the notes, possibly with retroactive effect. You
should consult your tax adviser regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the notes, including the
potential application of the constructive ownership rules, possible alternative treatments and the issues presented by this notice.
Section 871(m) of the Code and Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder (“Section 871(m)”) generally impose a 30% withholding
tax (unless an income tax treaty applies) on dividend equivalents paid or deemed paid to Non-U.S. Holders with respect to certain
financial instruments linked to U.S. equities or indices that include U.S. equities. Section 871(m) provides certain exceptions to this
withholding regime, including for instruments linked to certain broad-based indices that meet requirements set forth in the applicable
Treasury regulations. Additionally, a recent IRS notice excludes from the scope of Section 871(m) instruments issued prior to January
1, 2027 that do not have a delta of one with respect to underlying securities that could pay U.S.-source dividends for U.S. federal
income tax purposes (each an “Underlying Security”). Based on certain determinations made by us, we expect that Section 871(m) will
not apply to the notes with regard to Non-U.S. Holders. Our determination is not binding on the IRS, and the IRS may disagree with this
PS-9 | Structured Investments
Uncapped Return Enhanced Notes Linked to the Lesser Performing of the
SPDR
®
S&P 500
®
ETF Trust and the Invesco QQQ Trust
SM
, Series 1
determination. Section 871(m) is complex and its application may depend on your particular circumstances, including whether you enter
into other transactions with respect to an Underlying Security. If necessary, further information regarding the potential application of
Section 871(m) will be provided in the pricing supplement for the notes. You should consult your tax adviser regarding the potential
application of Section 871(m) to the notes.
The Estimated Value of the Notes
The estimated value of the notes set forth on the cover of this pricing supplement is equal to the sum of the values of the following
hypothetical components: (1) a fixed-income debt component with the same maturity as the notes, valued using the internal funding
rate described below, and (2) the derivative or derivatives underlying the economic terms of the notes. The estimated value of the
notes does not represent a minimum price at which JPMS would be willing to buy your notes in any secondary market (if any exists) at
any time. The internal funding rate used in the determination of the estimated value of the notes may differ from the market-implied
funding rate for vanilla fixed income instruments of a similar maturity issued by JPMorgan Chase & Co. or its affiliates. Any difference
may be based on, among other things, our and our affiliates’ view of the funding value of the notes as well as the higher issuance,
operational and ongoing liability management costs of the notes in comparison to those costs for the conventional fixed income
instruments of JPMorgan Chase & Co. This internal funding rate is based on certain market inputs and assumptions, which may prove
to be incorrect, and is intended to approximate the prevailing market replacement funding rate for the notes. The use of an internal
funding rate and any potential changes to that rate may have an adverse effect on the terms of the notes and any secondary market
prices of the notes. For additional information, see “Selected Risk Considerations — Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and
Secondary Market Prices of the Notes — The Estimated Value of the Notes Is Derived by Reference to an Internal Funding Rate” in this
pricing supplement.
The value of the derivative or derivatives underlying the economic terms of the notes is derived from internal pricing models of our
affiliates. These models are dependent on inputs such as the traded market prices of comparable derivative instruments and on
various other inputs, some of which are market-observable, and which can include volatility, dividend rates, interest rates and other
factors, as well as assumptions about future market events and/or environments. Accordingly, the estimated value of the notes is
determined when the terms of the notes are set based on market conditions and other relevant factors and assumptions existing at that
time.
The estimated value of the notes does not represent future values of the notes and may differ from others’ estimates. Different pricing
models and assumptions could provide valuations for the notes that are greater than or less than the estimated value of the notes. In
addition, market conditions and other relevant factors in the future may change, and any assumptions may prove to be incorrect. On
future dates, the value of the notes could change significantly based on, among other things, changes in market conditions, our or
JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s creditworthiness, interest rate movements and other relevant factors, which may impact the price, if any, at
which JPMS would be willing to buy notes from you in secondary market transactions.
The estimated value of the notes will be lower than the original issue price of the notes because costs associated with selling,
structuring and hedging the notes are included in the original issue price of the notes. These costs include the selling commissions
paid to JPMS and other affiliated or unaffiliated dealers, the projected profits, if any, that our affiliates expect to realize for assuming
risks inherent in hedging our obligations under the notes and the estimated cost of hedging our obligations under the notes. Because
hedging our obligations entails risk and may be influenced by market forces beyond our control, this hedging may result in a profit that
is more or less than expected, or it may result in a loss. A portion of the profits, if any, realized in hedging our obligations under the
notes may be allowed to other affiliated or unaffiliated dealers, and we or one or more of our affiliates will retain any remaining hedging
profits. See “Selected Risk Considerations — Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes — The
Estimated Value of the Notes Will Be Lower Than the Original Issue Price (Price to Public) of the Notes” in this pricing supplement.
Secondary Market Prices of the Notes
For information about factors that will impact any secondary market prices of the notes, see “Risk Factors — Risks Relating to the
Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes — Secondary market prices of the notes will be impacted by many
economic and market factors” in the accompanying product supplement. In addition, we generally expect that some of the costs
included in the original issue price of the notes will be partially paid back to you in connection with any repurchases of your notes by
JPMS in an amount that will decline to zero over an initial predetermined period. These costs can include selling commissions,
projected hedging profits, if any, and, in some circumstances, estimated hedging costs and our internal secondary market funding rates
for structured debt issuances. This initial predetermined time period is intended to be the shorter of six months and one-half of the
stated term of the notes. The length of any such initial period reflects the structure of the notes, whether our affiliates expect to earn a
profit in connection with our hedging activities, the estimated costs of hedging the notes and when these costs are incurred, as
determined by our affiliates. See “Selected Risk Considerations — Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices
PS-10 | Structured Investments
Uncapped Return Enhanced Notes Linked to the Lesser Performing of the
SPDR
®
S&P 500
®
ETF Trust and the Invesco QQQ Trust
SM
, Series 1
of the Notes — The Value of the Notes as Published by JPMS (and Which May Be Reflected on Customer Account Statements) May
Be Higher Than the Then-Current Estimated Value of the Notes for a Limited Time Period” in this pricing supplement.
Supplemental Use of Proceeds
The notes are offered to meet investor demand for products that reflect the risk-return profile and market exposure provided by the
notes. See “Hypothetical Payout Profile” and “How the Notes Work” in this pricing supplement for an illustration of the risk-return profile
of the notes and “The Funds” in this pricing supplement for a description of the market exposure provided by the notes.
The original issue price of the notes is equal to the estimated value of the notes plus the selling commissions paid to JPMS and other
affiliated or unaffiliated dealers, plus (minus) the projected profits (losses) that our affiliates expect to realize for assuming risks inherent
in hedging our obligations under the notes, plus the estimated cost of hedging our obligations under the notes.
Additional Terms Specific to the Notes
You may revoke your offer to purchase the notes at any time prior to the time at which we accept such offer by notifying the applicable
agent. We reserve the right to change the terms of, or reject any offer to purchase, the notes prior to their issuance. In the event of any
changes to the terms of the notes, we will notify you and you will be asked to accept such changes in connection with your purchase.
You may also choose to reject such changes, in which case we may reject your offer to purchase.
You should read this pricing supplement together with the accompanying prospectus, as supplemented by the accompanying
prospectus supplement relating to our Series A medium-term notes of which these notes are a part, the accompanying prospectus
addendum and the more detailed information contained in the accompanying product supplement and the accompanying underlying
supplement. This pricing supplement, together with the documents listed below, contains the terms of the notes and supersedes all
other prior or contemporaneous oral statements as well as any other written materials including preliminary or indicative pricing terms,
correspondence, trade ideas, structures for implementation, sample structures, fact sheets, brochures or other educational materials of
ours. You should carefully consider, among other things, the matters set forth in the “Risk Factors” sections of the accompanying
prospectus supplement and the accompanying product supplement and in Annex A to the accompanying prospectus addendum, as the
notes involve risks not associated with conventional debt securities. We urge you to consult your investment, legal, tax, accounting and
other advisers before you invest in the notes.
You may access these documents on the SEC website at www.sec.gov as follows (or if such address has changed, by
reviewing our filings for the relevant date on the SEC website):
• Product supplement no. 4-I dated April 13, 2023:
• Underlying supplement no. 1-I dated April 13, 2023:
• Prospectus supplement and prospectus, each dated April 13, 2023:
• Prospectus addendum dated June 3, 2024:
Our Central Index Key, or CIK, on the SEC website is 1665650, and JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s CIK is 19617. As used in this pricing
supplement, “we,” “us” and “our” refer to JPMorgan Financial.