Loans (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Receivables [Abstract]

Loan portfolio segment descriptions

The Firm’s loan portfolio is divided into three portfolio segments, which are the same segments used by the Firm to determine the allowance for loan losses: Consumer, excluding credit card; Credit card; and Wholesale. Within each portfolio segment the Firm monitors and assesses the credit risk in the following classes of loans, based on the risk characteristics of each loan class.

Consumer, excluding credit card	Credit card	Wholesale(c)(d)
• Residential real estate(a) • Auto and other(b)	• Credit card loans	• Secured by real estate • Commercial and industrial • Other(e)

(a)Includes scored mortgage and home equity loans held in CCB and AWM, and scored mortgage loans held in CIB and Corporate.

(b)Includes scored auto and business banking loans and overdrafts.

(c)Includes loans held in CIB, CB, AWM, Corporate as well as risk-rated loans held in CCB, including business banking and auto dealer loans for which the wholesale methodology is applied when determining the allowance for loan losses.

(d)The wholesale portfolio segment's classes align with loan classifications as defined by the bank regulatory agencies, based on the loan's collateral, purpose, and type of borrower.

(e)Includes loans to financial institutions, states and political subdivisions, SPEs, nonprofits, personal investment companies and trusts, as well as loans to individuals and individual entities (predominantly Global Private Bank clients within AWM). Refer to Note 14 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2021 Form 10-K for more information on SPEs.

Schedule of loans by portfolio segment

The following tables summarize the Firm’s loan balances by portfolio segment.

June 30, 2022	Consumer, excluding credit card		Credit card		Wholesale		Total(a)(b)
(in millions)
Retained	$	302,631	$	165,494	$	584,265	$	1,052,390
Held-for-sale	740		—		3,969		4,709
At fair value	13,841		—		33,215		47,056
Total	$	317,212	$	165,494	$	621,449	$	1,104,155
December 31, 2021	Consumer, excluding credit card		Credit card		Wholesale		Total(a)(b)
(in millions)
Retained	$	295,556	$	154,296	$	560,354	$	1,010,206
Held-for-sale	1,287		—		7,401		8,688
At fair value	26,463		—		32,357		58,820
Total	$	323,306	$	154,296	$	600,112	$	1,077,714

(a)Excludes $3.2 billion and $2.7 billion of accrued interest receivables at June 30, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively. The Firm wrote off accrued interest receivables of $8 million for both the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, and $20 million and $21 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Prior-period amounts have been revised to conform with the current presentation.

(b)Loans (other than those for which the fair value option has been elected) are presented net of unamortized discounts and premiums and net deferred loan fees or costs. These amounts were not material as of June 30, 2022, and December 31, 2021.

The following table provides information about retained consumer loans, excluding credit card, by class.

(in millions)	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Residential real estate	$	237,142	$	224,795
Auto and other(a)	65,489		70,761
Total retained loans	$	302,631	$	295,556

(a)At June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, included $1.5 billion and $5.4 billion of loans, respectively, in Business Banking under the PPP.

Schedule of retained loans purchased, sold and reclassified to held-for-sale

The following tables provide information about the carrying value of retained loans purchased, sold and reclassified to held-for-sale during the periods indicated. Loans that were reclassified to held-for-sale and sold in a subsequent period are excluded from the sales line of this table.

	2022									2021
Three months ended June 30, (in millions)	Consumer, excluding credit card			Credit card		Wholesale		Total		Consumer, excluding credit card			Credit card		Wholesale		Total
Purchases	$	973	(b)(c)	$	—	$	228	$	1,201	$	111	(b)(c)	$	—	$	301	$	412
Sales	82			—		12,005		12,087		—			—		8,751		8,751
Retained loans reclassified to held-for-sale(a)	66			—		415		481		87			—		892		979
	2022									2021
Six months ended June 30, (in millions)	Consumer, excluding credit card			Credit card		Wholesale		Total		Consumer, excluding credit card			Credit card		Wholesale		Total
Purchases	$	1,092	(b)(c)	$	—	$	394	$	1,486	$	302	(b)(c)	$	—	$	527	$	829
Sales	129			—		21,712		21,841		181			—		14,481		14,662
Retained loans reclassified to held-for-sale(a)	142			—		688		830		249			—		1,664		1,913

(a)Reclassifications of loans to held-for-sale are non-cash transactions.

(b)Predominantly includes purchases of residential real estate loans, including the Firm’s voluntary repurchases of certain delinquent loans from loan pools as permitted by Government National Mortgage Association (“Ginnie Mae”) guidelines for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021. The Firm typically elects to repurchase these delinquent loans as it continues to service them and/or manage the foreclosure process in accordance with applicable requirements of Ginnie Mae, FHA, RHS, and/or VA.

(c)Excludes purchases of retained loans of $6.0 billion and $5.0 billion for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $9.2 billion and $12.0 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, which are predominantly sourced through the correspondent origination channel and underwritten in accordance with the Firm’s standards.

Schedule of financing receivable credit quality indicators

The following tables provide information on delinquency, which is the primary credit quality indicator for retained residential real estate loans.

(in millions, except ratios)	June 30, 2022
	Term loans by origination year(d)																		Revolving loans						Total
	2022			2021			2020			2019			2018			Prior to 2018			Within the revolving period			Converted to term loans
Loan delinquency(a)(b)
Current	$	30,550		$	67,493		$	44,816		$	16,118		$	6,750		$	53,243		$	5,906		$	10,616		$	235,492
30–149 days past due	7			20			11			14			10			545			9			164			780
150 or more days past due	—			—			3			11			13			633			5			205			870
Total retained loans	$	30,557		$	67,513		$	44,830		$	16,143		$	6,773		$	54,421		$	5,920		$	10,985		$	237,142
% of 30+ days past due to total retained loans(c)	0.02		%	0.03		%	0.03		%	0.15		%	0.34		%	2.11		%	0.24		%	3.36		%	0.68		%

(in millions, except ratios)	December 31, 2021
	Term loans by origination year(d)																		Revolving loans						Total
	2021			2020			2019			2018			2017			Prior to 2017			Within the revolving period			Converted to term loans
Loan delinquency(a)(b)
Current	$	68,742		$	48,334		$	18,428		$	7,929		$	11,684		$	49,147		$	6,392		$	11,807		$	222,463
30–149 days past due	13			23			27			27			22			578			11			182			883
150 or more days past due	—			11			21			25			33			1,069			6			284			1,449
Total retained loans	$	68,755		$	48,368		$	18,476		$	7,981		$	11,739		$	50,794		$	6,409		$	12,273		$	224,795
% of 30+ days past due to total retained loans(c)	0.02		%	0.07		%	0.26		%	0.65		%	0.47		%	3.18		%	0.27		%	3.80		%	1.02		%

(a)At June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, individual delinquency classifications include mortgage loans insured by U.S. government agencies as follows: current included $30 million and $35 million; 30–149 days past due included $11 million for both periods; and 150 or more days past due included $21 million and $20 million, respectively.

(b)At June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, loans under payment deferral programs offered in response to the COVID-19 pandemic which are still within their deferral period and performing according to their modified terms are generally not considered delinquent.

(c)At June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, residential real estate loans excluded mortgage loans insured by U.S. government agencies of $32 million and $31 million, respectively, that are 30 or more days past due. These amounts have been excluded based upon the government guarantee.

(d)Purchased loans are included in the year in which they were originated.

The following table provides information on nonaccrual and other credit quality indicators for retained residential real estate loans.

(in millions, except weighted-average data)	June 30, 2022			December 31, 2021
Nonaccrual loans(a)(b)(c)(d)	$	4,076		$	4,759
90 or more days past due and government guaranteed(e)	24			24
Current estimated LTV ratios(f)(g)(h)
Greater than 125% and refreshed FICO scores:
Equal to or greater than 660	$	2		$	2
Less than 660	1			2
101% to 125% and refreshed FICO scores:
Equal to or greater than 660	31			37
Less than 660	5			15
80% to 100% and refreshed FICO scores:
Equal to or greater than 660	2,718			2,701
Less than 660	51			89
Less than 80% and refreshed FICO scores:
Equal to or greater than 660	222,880			209,295
Less than 660	9,149			9,658
No FICO/LTV available	2,243			2,930
U.S. government-guaranteed	62			66
Total retained loans	$	237,142		$	224,795
Weighted average LTV ratio(f)(i)	48		%	50		%
Weighted average FICO(g)(i)	767			765
Geographic region(j)
California	$	72,803		$	71,383
New York	34,406			32,545
Florida	18,408			16,182
Texas	15,099			13,865
Illinois	11,572			11,565
Colorado	9,734			8,885
Washington	8,892			8,292
New Jersey	7,097			6,832
Massachusetts	6,378			6,105
Connecticut	5,409			5,242
All other(k)	47,344			43,899
Total retained loans	$	237,142		$	224,795

(a)Includes collateral-dependent residential real estate loans that are charged down to the fair value of the underlying collateral less costs to sell. The Firm reports, in accordance with regulatory guidance, residential real estate loans that have been discharged under Chapter 7 bankruptcy and not reaffirmed by the borrower (“Chapter 7 loans”) as collateral-dependent nonaccrual TDRs, regardless of their delinquency status. At June 30, 2022, approximately 5% of Chapter 7 residential real estate loans were 30 days or more past due.

(b)Generally, all consumer nonaccrual loans have an allowance. In accordance with regulatory guidance, certain nonaccrual loans that are considered collateral-dependent have been charged down to the lower of amortized cost or the fair value of their underlying collateral less costs to sell. If the value of the underlying collateral improves subsequent to charge down, the related allowance may be negative.

(c)Interest income on nonaccrual loans recognized on a cash basis was $45 million and $41 million and $90 million and $86 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

(d)Generally excludes loans under payment deferral programs offered in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

(e)These balances are excluded from nonaccrual loans as the loans are guaranteed by U.S government agencies. Typically the principal balance of the loans is insured and interest is guaranteed at a specified reimbursement rate subject to meeting agreed-upon servicing guidelines. At June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, these balances were no longer accruing interest based on the agreed-upon servicing guidelines. There were no loans that were not guaranteed by U.S. government agencies that are 90 or more days past due and still accruing interest at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

(f)Represents the aggregate unpaid principal balance of loans divided by the estimated current property value. Current property values are estimated, at a minimum, quarterly, based on home valuation models using nationally recognized home price index valuation estimates incorporating actual data to the extent available and forecasted data where actual data is not available. Current estimated combined LTV for junior lien home equity loans considers all available lien positions, as well as unused lines, related to the property.

(g)Refreshed FICO scores represent each borrower’s most recent credit score, which is obtained by the Firm on at least a quarterly basis.

(h)Includes residential real estate loans, primarily held in LLCs in AWM that did not have a refreshed FICO score. These loans have been included in a FICO band based on management’s estimation of the borrower’s credit quality.

(i)Excludes loans with no FICO and/or LTV data available.

(j)The geographic regions presented in the table are ordered based on the magnitude of the corresponding loan balances at June 30, 2022.

(k)At June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, included mortgage loans insured by U.S. government agencies of $62 million and $66 million, respectively. These amounts have been excluded from the geographic regions presented based upon the government guarantee.

The following tables provide information on delinquency, which is the primary credit quality indicator for retained auto and other consumer loans.

	June 30, 2022
(in millions, except ratios)	Term loans by origination year																		Revolving loans
	2022			2021			2020			2019			2018			Prior to 2018			Within the revolving period			Converted to term loans			Total
Loan delinquency
Current	$	12,488		$	26,358	(b)	$	14,459	(b)	$	5,507		$	2,412		$	1,269		$	2,241		$	116		$	64,850
30–119 days past due	104			193			99			69			38			28			11			5			547
120 or more days past due	—			—			81			1			—			1			4			5			92
Total retained loans	$	12,592		$	26,551		$	14,639		$	5,577		$	2,450		$	1,298		$	2,256		$	126		$	65,489
% of 30+ days past due to total retained loans(a)	0.83		%	0.72		%	0.57		%	1.26		%	1.55		%	2.23		%	0.66		%	7.94		%	0.83		%

	December 31, 2021
(in millions, except ratios)	Term loans by origination year																				Revolving loans
	2021				2020				2019			2018			2017			Prior to 2017			Within the revolving period			Converted to term loans			Total
Loan delinquency
Current	$	35,323		(c)	$	18,324		(c)	$	7,443		$	3,671		$	1,800		$	666		$	2,242		$	120		$	69,589
30–119 days past due	192				720				88			53			31			21			12			6			1,123
120 or more days past due	—				35				—			—			1			1			5			7			49
Total retained loans	$	35,515			$	19,079			$	7,531		$	3,724		$	1,832		$	688		$	2,259		$	133		$	70,761
% of 30+ days past due to total retained loans(a)	0.54		%		0.47		%		1.17		%	1.42		%	1.75		%	3.20		%	0.75		%	9.77		%	0.71		%	(d)

(a)At June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, auto and other loans excluded $97 million and $667 million, respectively, of PPP loans guaranteed by the SBA that are 30 or more days past due. These amounts have been excluded based upon the SBA guarantee.

(b)Includes $1.3 billion of loans originated in 2021 and $197 million of loans originated in 2020 in Business Banking under the PPP. PPP loans are guaranteed by the SBA. Other than in certain limited circumstances, the Firm typically does not recognize charge-offs, classify as nonaccrual nor record an allowance for loan losses on these loans.

(c)Includes $4.4 billion of loans originated in 2021 and $1.0 billion of loans originated in 2020 in Business Banking under the PPP.

(d)Prior-period amount has been revised to conform with the current presentation.

The following table provides information on nonaccrual and other credit quality indicators for retained auto and other consumer loans.

(in millions)	Total Auto and other
	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Nonaccrual loans(a)(b)(c)	$	110	$	119
Geographic region(d)
California	$	10,344	$	11,163
Texas	7,446		7,859
Florida	4,845		4,901
New York	4,625		5,848
Illinois	2,718		2,930
New Jersey	2,232		2,355
Pennsylvania	1,869		2,004
Georgia	1,719		1,748
Louisiana	1,693		1,801
Arizona	1,681		1,887
All other	26,317		28,265
Total retained loans	$	65,489	$	70,761

(a)At June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, nonaccrual loans excluded $86 million and $506 million, respectively, of PPP loans 90 or more days past due and guaranteed by the SBA, of which $81 million and $35 million, respectively, were no longer accruing interest based on the guidelines set by the SBA. Typically the principal balance of the loans is insured and interest is guaranteed at a specified reimbursement rate subject to meeting the guidelines set by the SBA. There were no loans that were not guaranteed by the SBA that are 90 or more days past due and still accruing interest at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

(b)Generally, all consumer nonaccrual loans have an allowance. In accordance with regulatory guidance, certain nonaccrual loans that are considered collateral-dependent have been charged down to the lower of amortized cost or the fair value of their underlying collateral less costs to sell. If the value of the underlying collateral improves subsequent to the charge down, the related allowance may be negative.

(c)Interest income on nonaccrual loans recognized on a cash basis was not material for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.

(d)The geographic regions presented in this table are ordered based on the magnitude of the corresponding loan balances at June 30, 2022.

The following tables provide information on delinquency, which is the primary credit quality indicator for retained credit card loans.

(in millions, except ratios)	June 30, 2022
	Within the revolving period			Converted to term loans(a)			Total
Loan delinquency
Current and less than 30 days past due and still accruing	$	163,010		$	750		$	163,760
30–89 days past due and still accruing	841			51			892
90 or more days past due and still accruing	816			26			842
Total retained loans	$	164,667		$	827		$	165,494
Loan delinquency ratios
% of 30+ days past due to total retained loans	1.01		%	9.31		%	1.05		%
% of 90+ days past due to total retained loans	0.50			3.14			0.51

(in millions, except ratios)	December 31, 2021
	Within the revolving period			Converted to term loans(a)			Total
Loan delinquency
Current and less than 30 days past due and still accruing	$	151,798		$	901		$	152,699
30–89 days past due and still accruing	770			59			829
90 or more days past due and still accruing	741			27			768
Total retained loans	$	153,309		$	987		$	154,296
Loan delinquency ratios
% of 30+ days past due to total retained loans	0.99		%	8.71		%	1.04		%
% of 90+ days past due to total retained loans	0.48			2.74			0.50

(a)Represents TDRs.

The following table provides information on other credit quality indicators for retained credit card loans.

(in millions, except ratios)	June 30, 2022			December 31, 2021
Geographic region(a)
California	$	24,954		$	23,030
Texas	17,138			15,879
New York	13,616			12,652
Florida	11,205			10,412
Illinois	9,198			8,530
New Jersey	6,854			6,367
Ohio	5,231			4,923
Colorado	5,029			4,573
Pennsylvania	4,943			4,708
Michigan	3,988			3,773
All other	63,338			59,449
Total retained loans	$	165,494		$	154,296
Percentage of portfolio based on carrying value with estimated refreshed FICO scores
Equal to or greater than 660	88.2		%	88.5		%
Less than 660	11.6			11.3
No FICO available	0.2			0.2

(a)The geographic regions presented in the table are ordered based on the magnitude of the corresponding loan balances at June 30, 2022.

The following tables provide information on internal risk rating, which is the primary credit quality indicator for retained wholesale loans.

	Secured by real estate						Commercial and industrial						Other(b)						Total retained loans
(in millions, except ratios)	Jun 30, 2022			Dec 31, 2021			Jun 30, 2022			Dec 31, 2021			Jun 30, 2022			Dec 31, 2021			Jun 30, 2022			Dec 31, 2021
Loans by risk ratings
Investment-grade	$	97,344		$	92,369		$	78,452		$	75,783		$	244,149		$	241,859		$	419,945		$	410,011
Noninvestment-grade:
Noncriticized	22,230			22,495			72,066			62,039			55,399			52,440			149,695			136,974
Criticized performing	3,546			3,645			7,971			6,900			1,025			770			12,542			11,315
Criticized nonaccrual(a)	328			326			986			969			769			759			2,083			2,054
Total noninvestment-grade	26,104			26,466			81,023			69,908			57,193			53,969			164,320			150,343
Total retained loans	$	123,448		$	118,835		$	159,475		$	145,691		$	301,342		$	295,828		$	584,265		$	560,354
% of investment-grade to total retained loans	78.85		%	77.73		%	49.19		%	52.02		%	81.02		%	81.76		%	71.88		%	73.17		%
% of total criticized to total retained loans	3.14			3.34			5.62			5.40			0.60			0.52			2.50			2.39
% of criticized nonaccrual to total retained loans	0.27			0.27			0.62			0.67			0.26			0.26			0.36			0.37

(a)At June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 nonaccrual loans excluded $33 million and $127 million, respectively, of PPP loans 90 or more days past due and guaranteed by the SBA, predominantly in commercial and industrial.

(b)Includes loans to financial institutions, states and political subdivisions, SPEs, nonprofits, personal investment companies and trusts, as well as loans to individuals and individual entities (predominantly Global Private Bank clients within AWM). Refer to Note 14 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2021 Form 10-K for more information on SPEs.

	Secured by real estate
(in millions)	June 30, 2022
	Term loans by origination year												Revolving loans
	2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior to 2018		Within the revolving period		Converted to term loans		Total
Loans by risk ratings
Investment-grade	$	15,386	$	23,092	$	15,162	$	15,702	$	6,329	$	20,509	$	1,156	$	8	$	97,344
Noninvestment-grade	3,146		5,203		3,464		3,823		2,919		6,831		717		1		26,104
Total retained loans	$	18,532	$	28,295	$	18,626	$	19,525	$	9,248	$	27,340	$	1,873	$	9	$	123,448

    

	Secured by real estate
(in millions)	December 31, 2021
	Term loans by origination year												Revolving loans
	2021		2020		2019		2018		2017		Prior to 2017		Within the revolving period		Converted to term loans		Total
Loans by risk ratings
Investment-grade	$	23,346	$	16,030	$	17,265	$	8,103	$	7,325	$	19,066	$	1,226	$	8	$	92,369
Noninvestment-grade	5,364		3,826		4,564		3,806		2,834		5,613		458		1		26,466
Total retained loans	$	28,710	$	19,856	$	21,829	$	11,909	$	10,159	$	24,679	$	1,684	$	9	$	118,835

	Commercial and industrial
(in millions)	June 30, 2022
	Term loans by origination year												Revolving loans
	2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior to 2018		Within the revolving period		Converted to term loans		Total
Loans by risk ratings
Investment-grade	$	15,298	$	11,588	$	4,517	$	2,498	$	898	$	1,419	$	42,169	$	65	$	78,452	(a)
Noninvestment-grade	12,384		14,389		4,665		3,363		1,245		968		43,930		79		81,023
Total retained loans	$	27,682	$	25,977	$	9,182	$	5,861	$	2,143	$	2,387	$	86,099	$	144	$	159,475

	Commercial and industrial
(in millions)	December 31, 2021
	Term loans by origination year												Revolving loans
	2021		2020		2019		2018		2017		Prior to 2017		Within the revolving period		Converted to term loans		Total
Loans by risk ratings
Investment-grade	$	21,342	$	6,268	$	3,609	$	1,269	$	1,108	$	819	$	41,367	$	1	$	75,783	(b)
Noninvestment-grade	19,314		7,112		4,559		2,177		930		430		35,312		74		69,908
Total retained loans	$	40,656	$	13,380	$	8,168	$	3,446	$	2,038	$	1,249	$	76,679	$	75	$	145,691

(a)At June 30, 2022, $311 million of the $368 million total PPP loans in the wholesale portfolio were commercial and industrial. Of the $311 million, $176 million were originated in 2021 and $135 million were originated in 2020. PPP loans are guaranteed by the SBA and considered investment-grade. Other than in certain limited circumstances, the Firm typically does not recognize charge-offs, classify as nonaccrual nor record an allowance for loan losses on these loans.

(b)At December 31, 2021, $1.1 billion of the $1.3 billion total PPP loans in the wholesale portfolio were commercial and industrial. Of the $1.1 billion, $698 million were originated in 2021 and $396 million were originated in 2020.

	Other(a)
(in millions)	June 30, 2022
	Term loans by origination year												Revolving loans
	2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior to 2018		Within the revolving period		Converted to term loans		Total
Loans by risk ratings
Investment-grade	$	22,907	$	17,185	$	15,373	$	4,978	$	2,268	$	8,932	$	171,265	$	1,241	$	244,149
Noninvestment-grade	10,701		8,223		2,204		1,031		555		662		33,677		140		57,193
Total retained loans	$	33,608	$	25,408	$	17,577	$	6,009	$	2,823	$	9,594	$	204,942	$	1,381	$	301,342

	Other(a)
(in millions)	December 31, 2021
	Term loans by origination year												Revolving loans
	2021		2020		2019		2018		2017		Prior to 2017		Within the revolving period		Converted to term loans		Total
Loans by risk ratings
Investment-grade	$	26,782	$	17,829	$	6,125	$	2,885	$	3,868	$	7,651	$	176,118	$	601	$	241,859
Noninvestment-grade	16,905		2,399		1,455		935		218		467		31,585		5		53,969
Total retained loans	$	43,687	$	20,228	$	7,580	$	3,820	$	4,086	$	8,118	$	207,703	$	606	$	295,828

(a)Includes loans to financial institutions, states and political subdivisions, SPEs, nonprofits, personal investment companies and trusts, as well as loans to individuals and individual entities (predominantly Global Private Bank clients within AWM). Refer to Note 14 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2021 Form 10-K for more information on SPEs.

The following table presents additional information on retained loans secured by real estate, which consists of loans secured wholly or substantially by a lien or liens on real property at origination.

(in millions, except ratios)	Multifamily						Other commercial						Total retained loans secured by real estate
	Jun 30, 2022			Dec 31, 2021			Jun 30, 2022			Dec 31, 2021			Jun 30, 2022			Dec 31, 2021
Retained loans secured by real estate	$	77,370		$	73,801		$	46,078		$	45,034		$	123,448		$	118,835
Criticized	1,714			1,671			2,160			2,300			3,874			3,971
% of criticized to total retained loans secured by real estate	2.22		%	2.26		%	4.69		%	5.11		%	3.14		%	3.34		%
Criticized nonaccrual	$	75		$	91		$	253		$	235		$	328		$	326
% of criticized nonaccrual loans to total retained loans secured by real estate	0.10		%	0.12		%	0.55		%	0.52		%	0.27		%	0.27		%

Geographic distribution and delinquency

The following table provides information on the geographic distribution and delinquency for retained wholesale loans.

	Secured by real estate				Commercial  and industrial				Other				Total  retained loans
(in millions)	Jun 30, 2022		Dec 31, 2021		Jun 30, 2022		Dec 31, 2021		Jun 30, 2022		Dec 31, 2021		Jun 30, 2022		Dec 31, 2021
Loans by geographic distribution(a)
Total U.S.	$	120,309	$	115,732	$	119,337	$	106,449	$	218,334	$	215,750	$	457,980	$	437,931
Total non-U.S.	3,139		3,103		40,138		39,242		83,008		80,078		126,285		122,423
Total retained loans	$	123,448	$	118,835	$	159,475	$	145,691	$	301,342	$	295,828	$	584,265	$	560,354
Loan delinquency
Current and less than 30 days past due and still accruing	$	122,833	$	118,163	$	156,966	$	143,459	$	298,606	$	293,358	$	578,405	$	554,980
30–89 days past due and still accruing	189		331		1,224		1,193		1,884		1,590		3,297		3,114
90 or more days past due and still accruing(b)	98		15		299		70		83		121		480		206
Criticized nonaccrual(c)	328		326		986		969		769		759		2,083		2,054
Total retained loans	$	123,448	$	118,835	$	159,475	$	145,691	$	301,342	$	295,828	$	584,265	$	560,354

(a)The U.S. and non-U.S. distribution is determined based predominantly on the domicile of the borrower.

(b)Represents loans that are considered well-collateralized and therefore still accruing interest.

(c)At June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 nonaccrual loans excluded $33 million and $127 million, respectively, of PPP loans 90 or more days past due and guaranteed by the SBA, predominantly in commercial and industrial.

Troubled debt restructuring on financing receivables nature and extent of modifications

The following table provides information about how residential real estate loans were modified in TDRs under the Firm’s loss mitigation programs described above during the periods presented. This table excludes Chapter 7 loans where the sole concession granted is the discharge of debt and loans with short-term or other insignificant modifications that are not considered concessions.

	Three months ended June 30,				Six months ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Number of loans approved for a trial modification	1,165		1,165		2,691		2,566
Number of loans permanently modified	1,289		1,186		2,831		2,900
Concession granted:(a)
Interest rate reduction	45	%	78	%	56	%	74	%
Term or payment extension	54		51		67		45
Principal and/or interest deferred	10		18		12		26
Principal forgiveness	1		—		1		2
Other(b)	46		34		36		44

(a)Represents concessions granted in permanent modifications as a percentage of the number of loans permanently modified. The sum of the percentages exceeds 100% because predominantly all of the modifications include more than one type of concession. Concessions offered on trial modifications are generally consistent with those granted on permanent modifications.

(b)Includes variable interest rate to fixed interest rate modifications and payment delays that meet the definition of a TDR.

Troubled debt restructuring on financing receivables, financial effects of modifications and re-defaults

The following table provides information about the financial effects of the various concessions granted in modifications of residential real estate loans under the loss mitigation programs described above and about redefaults of certain loans modified in TDRs for the periods presented. The following table presents only the financial effects of permanent modifications and do not include temporary concessions offered through trial modifications. This table also excludes Chapter 7 loans where the sole concession granted is the discharge of debt and loans with short-term or other insignificant modifications that are not considered concessions.

(in millions, except weighted-average data)	Three months ended June 30,						Six months ended June 30,
	2022			2021			2022			2021
Weighted-average interest rate of loans with interest rate reductions – before TDR	4.76		%	4.39		%	4.55		%	4.51		%
Weighted-average interest rate of loans with interest rate reductions – after TDR	3.36			2.85			3.31			2.90
Weighted-average remaining contractual term (in years) of loans with term or payment extensions – before TDR	22			22			23			24
Weighted-average remaining contractual term (in years) of loans with term or payment extensions – after TDR	38			36			39			38
Charge-offs recognized upon permanent modification	$	1		$	—		$	1		$	—
Principal deferred	4			6			11			18
Principal forgiven	—			—			1			1
Balance of loans that redefaulted within one year of permanent modification(a)	$	27		$	21		$	70		$	45

    

(a)Represents loans permanently modified in TDRs that experienced a payment default in the periods presented, and for which the payment default occurred within one year of the modification. The dollar amounts presented represent the balance of such loans at the end of the reporting period in which such loans defaulted. For residential real estate loans modified in TDRs, payment default is deemed to occur when the loan becomes two contractual payments past due. In the event that a modified loan redefaults, it will generally be liquidated through foreclosure or another similar type of liquidation transaction. Redefaults of loans modified within the last twelve months may not be representative of ultimate redefault levels.

The following table provides information about the financial effects of the concessions granted on credit card loans modified in TDRs and redefaults for the periods presented. For all periods disclosed, new enrollments were less than 1% of total retained credit card loans.

(in millions, except weighted-average data)	Three months ended June 30,						Six months ended June 30,
	2022			2021			2022			2021
Balance of new TDRs(a)	$	81		$	90		$	163		$	233
Weighted-average interest rate of loans – before TDR	18.94		%	17.92		%	18.47		%	17.81		%
Weighted-average interest rate of loans – after TDR	4.62			5.15			4.75			5.20
Balance of loans that redefaulted within one year of modification(b)	$	8		$	13		$	17		$	32

(a)Represents the outstanding balance prior to modification.

(b)Represents loans modified in TDRs that experienced a payment default in the periods presented, and for which the payment default occurred within one year of the modification. The amounts presented represent the balance of such loans as of the end of the quarter in which they defaulted.

Schedule of nonaccrual loans

The following table provides information on retained wholesale nonaccrual loans.

(in millions)	Secured by real estate				Commercial and industrial				Other				Total retained loans
	Jun 30, 2022		Dec 31, 2021		Jun 30, 2022		Dec 31, 2021		Jun 30, 2022		Dec 31, 2021		Jun 30, 2022		Dec 31, 2021
Nonaccrual loans
With an allowance	$	247	$	254	$	656	$	604	$	522	$	286	$	1,425	$	1,144
Without an allowance(a)	81		72		330		365		247		473		658		910
Total nonaccrual loans(b)	$	328	$	326	$	986	$	969	$	769	$	759	$	2,083	$	2,054

(a)When the discounted cash flows or collateral value equals or exceeds the amortized cost of the loan, the loan does not require an allowance. This typically occurs when the loans have been partially charged off and/or there have been interest payments received and applied to the loan balance.

(b)Interest income on nonaccrual loans recognized on a cash basis was not material for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.