EX-99.3 25 tm228403d1_ex99-3.htm EXHIBIT 99.3

Exhibit 99.3

  

 

CONVERSION VALUATION APPRAISAL REPORT

 

Prepared for:

 

VWF Bancorp, Inc.

Van Wert, Ohio

 

  

As Of:

February 18, 2022

 

Prepared By:

 

Keller & Company, Inc.

555 Metro Place North

Suite 524

Dublin, Ohio 43017

(614) 766-1426

 

 

KELLER & COMPANY

   

 

 

   

KELLER & COMPANY, INC.

FINANCIAL INSTITUTION CONSULTANTS

555 METRO PLACE NORTH

SUITE 524

DUBLIN, OHIO 43017

   

 

 

(614) 766-1426 (614) 766-1459 FAX

 

February 25, 2022

 

Board of Directors

VWF Bancorp, Inc.

Van Wert Federal Savings Bank

976 South Shannon Street

Van Wert, Ohio 45891

 

To the Boards:

 

We hereby submit our independent appraisal of the pro forma market value of the to be issued stock of the VWF Bancorp, Inc. (the “Corporation”) which is the holding company of Van Wert Federal Savings Bank (“Van Wert Federal” or the “Bank”), Van Wert, Ohio. Such stock is to be issued in connection with the application by the Corporation to complete a stock offering, with the Corporation to own 100 percent of the stock of the Bank. This appraisal, as of February 18, 2022, was prepared and provided to the Bank in accordance with the regulatory appraisal requirements and regulations.

 

Keller & Company, Inc. is an independent, financial institution consulting firm that serves both thrift institutions and banks throughout the U.S. The firm is a full-service consulting organization, as described in more detail in Exhibit A, specializing in business and strategic plans, stock valuations, conversion and reorganization appraisals, market studies and fairness opinions for thrift institutions and banks. The firm has affirmed its independence in this transaction with the preparation of its Affidavit of Independence, a copy of which is included as Exhibit C.

 

Our appraisal is based on the assumption that the data provided to us by Van Wert Federal and the material provided to us by the independent auditor, Wipfli, LLP, are both accurate and complete. We did not verify the financial statements provided to us, nor did we conduct independent valuations of the Bank's assets and liabilities. We have also used information from other public sources, but we cannot assure the accuracy of such material.

 

In the preparation of this appraisal, we held discussions with the management of Van Wert Federal, with the law firm of Luse Gorman, PC, Washington, D.C., the Bank's conversion counsel, and with Wipfli, LLP, the Bank’s outside auditor. Further, we viewed the Bank's local economy and primary market area and also reviewed the Bank's most recent Business Plan as part of our review process.

  

 

 

  

The Boards of Directors

VWF Bancorp, Inc.

Van Wert Federal Savings Bank

February 25, 2022

Page 2

 

This valuation must not be considered to be a recommendation as to the purchase of stock in the Corporation, and we can provide no guarantee or assurance that any person who purchases shares of the Corporation's stock will be able to later sell such shares at a price equivalent to the price designated in this appraisal.

 

Our valuation may be further updated if required and will give consideration to any new developments in Van Wert Federal’s operations that have an impact on the results of operations or financial condition. Further, we will give consideration to any changes in general market conditions and to specific changes in the market for publicly traded thrift institutions. Based on the material impact of any such changes on the pro forma market value of the Corporation as determined by this firm, we will make necessary adjustments to the Corporation's appraised value in an appraisal update.

 

It is our opinion that as of February 18, 2022, the pro forma market value or appraised value of the Corporation is $22,000,000 at the midpoint, representing 2,200,000 shares at $10 per share with 20,000 of these shares to be issued to the newly formed foundation at each level of the valuation. The pro forma valuation range of the Corporation is from a minimum of $18,700,000 to a maximum of $25,300,000, with a maximum, as adjusted, of $29,095,000, representing 1,870,000 shares, 2,530,000 shares and 2,909,500 shares at $10 per share at the minimum, maximum, and maximum, as adjusted, respectively.

 

The pro forma appraised value of VWF Bancorp, Inc., as of February 18, 2022, is $22,000,000, at the midpoint.

 

Very truly yours,

 

KELLER & COMPANY, INC.

 

/s/ Keller & Company, Inc. 

  

 

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

  

  PAGE
   
INTRODUCTION 1
     
I. Description of Van Wert Federal Savings Bank 3
  General 3
  Performance Overview 8
  Income and Expense 9
  Yields and Costs 13
  Interest Rate Sensitivity 14
  Lending Activities 16
  Nonperforming Assets 19
  Investments 21
  Deposit Activities 21
  Borrowings 22
  Subsidiaries 23
  Office Properties 23
  Management 23
     
II. Description of Primary Market Area 24
     
III. Comparable Group Selection  
  Introduction 29
  Selection Parameters  
  Merger/Acquisition 30
  Trading Exchange 30
  IPO Date 30
  Geographic Location 31
  Asset Size 31
  Summary 32
  Balance Sheet Parameters  
  Cash and Investments to Assets 33
  Mortgage-Backed Securities to Assets 34
  Total Net Loans to Assets 35
  Total Net Loans & Mortgage-Backed Securities to Assets 35
  Borrowed Funds to Assets 36
  Equity to Assets 36

  

 

 

  

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

    PAGE
     
  Performance Parameters  
  Return on Average Assets 37
  Return on Average Equity 38
  Net Interest Margin 38
  Operating Expenses to Assets 39
  Noninterest Income to Assets 39
  Asset Quality Parameters 40
  Introduction 40
  Nonperforming Assets to Total Assets 40
  Repossessed Assets to Total Assets 40
  Los Loss Reserve to Assets 41
  The Comparable Group  
     
IV. Analysis of Financial Performance 42
     
V. Market Value Adjustments  
  Earnings Performance 45
  Market Area 50
  Financial Condition 51
  Asset, Loan and Deposit Growth 54
  Dividend Payments 55
  Subscription Interest 56
  Liquidity of Stock 57
  Management 57
  Marketing of the Issue 60
     
VI. Valuation Methods  
  Introduction 61
  Price to Book Value Method 62
  Price to Core Earnings Method 64
  Price to Assets Method 64
  Valuation Conclusion 66

  

 

 

  

LIST OF EXHIBITS

 

NUMERICAL PAGE
EXHIBITS  
     
1 Balance Sheets - At June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2021 69
2 Balance Sheets - At June 30, 2017 through 2020 70
3 Statements of Income for the Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2021 and for the Year Ended June 30, 2021 71
4 Statements of Income for the Years Ended June 30, 2017 through 2020 72
5 Selected Financial Information 73
6 Income and Expense Trends 74
7 Normalized Earnings Trends 75
8 Performance Indicators 76
9 Volume/Rate Analysis 77
10 Yield and Cost Trends 78
11 Net Portfolio Value 79
12 Loan Portfolio Composition 80
13 Loan Maturity Schedule 81
14 Loan Delinquencies 82
15 Nonperforming Assets 83
16 Classified Assets 84
17 Allowance for Loan Losses 85
18 Mix of Deposits 86
19 Certificates of Deposit by Rate and Maturity 87
20 Management of the Bank 88
21 Key Demographic Data and Trends 89
22 Key Housing Data 90
23 Major Sources of Employment 91
24 Unemployment Rates 92
25 Market Share of Deposits 93
26 National Interest Rates by Quarter 94
27 Thrift Stock Prices and Pricing Ratios 95
28 Key Financial Data and Ratios 100

 

 

 

  

LIST OF EXHIBITS (cont.)

 

NUMERICAL PAGE
EXHIBITS  
     
29 Recently Converted Thrift Institutions 105
30 Acquisitions and Pending Acquisitions 106
31 Comparable Group Selection - Balance Sheets Parameters 107
32 Comparable Group Selection - Operating Performance and Asset Quality Parameters 109
33 Final Comparable Group - Balance Sheet Ratios 111
34 Final Comparable Group - Operating Performance and Asset Quality Ratios 112
35 Comparable Group Characteristics and Balance Sheet Totals 113
36 Balance Sheet - Asset Composition - Most Recent Quarter 114
37 Balance Sheet Comparison - Liability and Equity - Most Recent Quarter 115
38 Income and Expense Comparison Trailing Four Quarters 116
39 Income and Expense Comparison as a Percent of Average Assets 117
40 Yields, Costs and Earnings Ratios Trailing Four Quarters 118
41 Reserves and Supplemental Data 119
42 Valuation Analysis and Calculations 120
43 Comparable Group Market, Pricings and Financial Ratios - Stock Prices as of February 18, 2022 121
44 Pro Forma Effects of Conversion Proceeds - Minimum 122
45 Pro Forma Effects of Conversion Proceeds - Midpoint 123
46 Pro Forma Effects of Conversion Proceeds - Maximum 124
47 Pro Forma Effects of Conversion Proceeds - Maximum, as Adjusted 125
48 Summary of Valuation Premium or Discount 126
     
ALPHABETICAL EXHIBITS  
     
A Background and Qualifications 128
B RB 20 Certification 132
C Affidavit of Independence 133

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CONVERSION VALUATION APPRAISAL REPORT

 

 

Prepared for:

 

VWF Bancorp, Inc.

Van Wert, Ohio

 

 

 

 

 

As Of:

February 18, 2022

 

 

 

 

INTRODUCTION

 

Keller & Company, Inc. is an independent appraisal firm for financial institutions and has prepared this Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report (“Report”) to provide the pro forma market value of the to-be-issued common stock of VWF Bancorp, Inc. (the “Corporation”), a Maryland corporation, which will be formed as part of the conversion to own all of the to-be-issued shares of common stock of Van Wert Federal Savings Bank (“Van Wert Federal” or the “Bank”), Van Wert, Ohio. The shares of common stock are to be issued in connection with the Bank’s Application for Approval of Conversion from a federal-chartered mutual savings bank to a federal-chartered stock savings bank.

 

The Application is being filed with the Federal Reserve Bank (“FRB”), the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”), the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (“OCC”), and the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Such Application for Conversion has been reviewed by us, including the Prospectus and related documents, and discussed with the Bank’s management and the Bank’s conversion counsel, Luse Gorman , PC, Washington, D.C.

 

This conversion appraisal was prepared based on the guidelines used by the OCC entitled “Guidelines for Appraisal Reports for the Valuation of Savings Institutions Converting from the Mutual to Stock Form of Organization,” in accordance with application requirements and the Revised Guidelines for Appraisal Reports and represents a full appraisal report. The Report provides detailed exhibits based on the Revised Guidelines and a discussion on each of the factors that need to be considered. Our valuation will be updated in accordance with the Revised Guidelines and will consider any changes in market conditions for thrift institutions.

 

The pro forma market value is defined as the price at which the stock of the Corporation after conversion would change hands between a typical willing buyer and a typical willing seller when the former is not under any compulsion to buy and the latter is not under any compulsion to sell, and with both parties having reasonable knowledge of relevant facts in an arm’s-length transaction. The appraisal assumes the Bank is a going concern and that the shares issued by the Corporation in the conversion are sold in noncontrol blocks.

 

1

 

 

Introduction (cont.)

 

As part of our appraisal procedure, we have reviewed the audited financial statements for the five fiscal years ended June 30, 2017 through 2021, and unaudited financial statements for the six months ended December 31, 2021, and discussed them with Van Wert Federal’s management and with Van Wert Federal’s current independent auditors, Wipfli, LLP, Eau Claire, Wisconsin. We have also discussed and reviewed with management other financial matters and have reviewed internal projections. We have reviewed the Corporation's preliminary Form AC and discussed it with management and with the Bank’s conversion counsel.

 

To gain insight into the Bank’s local market condition, we have traveled Van Wert Federal’s market area. We have studied the economic and demographic characteristics of the primary market area, and analyzed the Bank’s primary market area relative to Ohio and the United States. We have also examined the competitive market within which Van Wert Federal operates, giving consideration to the area's numerous financial institution offices, mortgage banking offices, and credit union offices and other key market area characteristics, both positive and negative.

 

We have given consideration to the market conditions for securities in general and for publicly traded thrift stocks in particular. We have examined the performance of selected publicly traded thrift institutions and compared the performance of Van Wert Federal to those selected institutions.

 

Our valuation is not intended to represent and must not be interpreted to be a recommendation of any kind as to the desirability of purchasing the to-be-outstanding shares of common stock of the Corporation. Giving consideration to the fact that this appraisal is based on numerous factors that can change over time, we can provide no assurance that any person who purchases the stock of the Corporation in this mutual-to-stock conversion will subsequently be able to sell such shares at prices similar to the pro forma market value of the Corporation as determined in this conversion appraisal.

 

2

 

 

I.DESCRIPTION OF VAN WERT FEDERAL

 

GENERAL

 

Van Wert Federal was organized in 1889 as a state-chartered mutual savings and loan association and then changed its charter to a federally chartered mutual savings bank with the name Van Wert Federal Savings Bank.

 

Van Wert Federal conducts its business from its main office located at 976 South Shannon Street in Van Wert, Ohio. Van Wert Federal has no branch offices. The Bank’s primary retail market area is focused on Van Wert City, while the Bank’s lending market includes all of Van Wert County.

 

Van Wert Federal’s deposits are insured up to applicable limits by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") in the Bank Insurance Fund ("BIF"). The Bank is also subject to certain reserve requirements of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve Bank (the "FRB"). Van Wert Federal is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank (the "FHLB") of Cincinnati and is regulated by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency. As of December 31, 2021, Van Wert Federal had assets of $138,553,014, deposits of $112,274,392 and equity of $25,252,424.

 

Van Wert Federal has been principally engaged in the business of serving the financial needs of the public in its local communities and throughout its primary market area as a community-oriented institution. Van Wert Federal has been most active in the origination of one- to four-family loans. At December 31, 2021, 79.1 percent of the Bank’s gross loans consisted of residential real estate loans on one- to four-family dwellings, compared to a slightly larger 79.6 percent at June 30, 2020, with the primary sources of funds being retail deposits from residents in its local communities. The Bank had no FHLB advances. The Bank is also an originator of commercial real estate loans, home equity loans, consumer loans, construction loans and multi-family loans. Consumer loans were minimal and include loans on deposit accounts and other secured and unsecured personal loans.

 

3

 

 

General (cont.)

 

The Bank had cash and investments, including mortgage-backed securities, of $53.3 million, or 38.5 percent of its assets, excluding FHLB stock which totaled $1,012,900 or 0.7 percent of assets at December 31, 2021. Deposits, principal payments and equity have been the primary sources of funds for the Bank’s lending and investment activities.

 

The total amount of stock to be sold in the stock conversion will be $21.8 million or 2,180,000 shares at $10 per share with another 20,000 shares to be issued to the newly formed foundation for a combined 2,200,000 shares or $22.0 million based on the midpoint of the appraised value of $22.0 million. The net conversion proceeds will be $20.3 million, reflecting conversion expenses of $1.50 million. The actual cash proceeds to the Bank of $10.15 million will represent 50.0 percent of the net conversion proceeds at the midpoint. The ESOP will represent 8.00 percent of the gross shares issued or 2,180,000 shares at $10 per shares sold, representing $21,800,000. The Bank’s net proceeds will be used to fund new loans and to invest in securities following their initial deployment to short term investments along with the elimination of the Bank’s defined benefit plan. The Bank may also use the proceeds to expand services, expand operations, diversify into other businesses, or for any other purposes authorized by law. The Corporation will use its proceeds to fund the ESOP or to purchase interest-bearing deposits and short- and intermediate-term government or federal agency securities.

 

The Bank has experienced a modest deposit increase of $8.2 over the past four fiscal years, with deposits increasing a total 8.8 percent from June 30, 2017, to June 30, 2021, or an average of 2.2 percent per year. From June 30, 2021, to December 31, 2021, deposits increased by $11.4 million or 11.2 percent, compared to an increase of 7.6 percent in fiscal 2021.

 

The Bank experienced an increase in its loan portfolio during the previous four years of 2017 to 2020, while focusing on maintaining its favorable asset quality position, on controlling its net interest margin and on maintaining a reasonable equity to assets ratio. In 2021, the Bank continued its loan growth and experienced larger loan growth than in 2020 or 2019. Equity to assets decreased from 20.33 percent of assets at June 30, 2017, to 19.96 percent at June 30, 2021, and decreased further to 18.23 percent at December 31, 2021.

 

4

 

 

General (cont.)

 

The primary lending strategy of Van Wert Federal has been to focus on the origination of adjustable-rate and fixed-rate one-to four-family mortgage loans, the origination of commercial real estate and agricultural loans, the origination of construction loans, the origination of consumer loans, the origination of home equity loans, and the origination of commercial business loans.

 

The Bank’s share of one- to four-family mortgage loans has decreased slightly from 79.6 percent of gross loans at June 30, 2020, to 79.1 percent as of December 31, 2021. Commercial real estate and agricultural loans increased from 12.7 percent of loans to 13.4 percent of loans, and construction loans increased from 12.7 percent of loans to 5.8 percent from June 30, 2020, to December 31, 2021. All types of real estate loans as a group increased slightly from 98.4 percent of gross loans at June 30, 2020, to 98.8 percent at December 31, 2021. The increase in real estate loans was offset by the Bank’s decrease in consumer loans. The Bank’s share of consumer loans witnessed a decrease in their share of loans from 1.1 percent at June 30, 2020, to 0.8 percent at December 31, 2021.

 

Management's internal strategy has also included continued emphasis on maintaining an adequate and appropriate level of allowance for loan losses relative to loans and nonperforming assets in recognition of the more stringent requirements within the industry to establish and maintain a higher level of general valuation allowances. At June 30, 2020, Van Wert Federal had $223,000 in its loan loss allowance or 0.32 percent of gross loans, and 500.28 percent of nonperforming loans with the loan loss allowance remaining at $223,000 at December 31, 2021, representing a lesser 0.29 percent of gross loans and a lesser 138.20 percent of nonperforming loans because of the Bank’s rise in nonperforming loans.

 

5

 

 

General (cont.)

 

The basis of earnings for the Bank has been interest income from loans and investments with the net interest margin being the key determinant of net earnings followed by BOLI income with a continued emphasis on strengthening noninterest income and controlling noninterest expenses. With a primary dependence on net interest margin for earnings, current management will focus on striving to strengthen the Bank’s net interest margin without undertaking excessive credit risk combined with controlling the Bank’s interest risk position and increasing other components of noninterest income, controlling nonperforming assets, monitoring noninterest expenses and controlling interest expense.

 

6

 

 

PERFORMANCE OVERVIEW

 

The financial position of Van Wert Federal at December 31, 2021, and at year end June 30, 2017 through 2021, is shown in Exhibits 1 and 2, and the earnings performance of Van Wert Federal for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, and for the years ended June 30, 2017 through 2021, is shown in Exhibits 3 and 4. Exhibit 5 provides selected financial data for Van Wert Federal at December 31, 2021, and at June 30, 2020 and 2021. It has been Van Wert Federal’s objective to increase its loans and deposits, and maintain its equity from June 30, 2020, through December 31, 2021. The most recent impact of these trends, recognizing the decline in interest rates, was a moderate increase in assets, a modest increase in loans, moderate increase in cash and deposits, with a moderate decrease in available for sale securities from June 30, 2021, to December 31, 2021. Van Wert Federal also experienced a minimal decrease in the dollar amount of equity during that period. The Bank’s increase in assets was $11.3 million or 8.9 percent from June 30, 2021, to December 31, 2021.

 

During the past two fiscal years, the Bank experienced its larger dollar increase in assets of $7.1 million in fiscal year 2021, which represented a moderate 5.9 percent increase in assets due to a $5.3 million increase in loans, accented by a $17.5 million increase in investments reduced by a $12.1 million decrease in cash and cash equivalents. Such increase in assets was preceded by a $4.8 million or 4.1 percent increase in assets in fiscal 2020. In the six months ended December 31, 2021, assets increased $11.3 million or 8.9 percent.

 

Van Wert Federal’s loan portfolio, which includes mortgage loans and nonmortgage loans, increased from $69.5 million at June 30, 2020 to $74.4 million at June 30, 2021, and represented a total increase of $4.9 million or 7.1 percent. For the six months ended December 31, 2021, loans increased by $3.0 million or 4.0 percent to $77.4 million.

 

Van Wert Federal has obtained funds through deposits with no use of FHLB advances. The Bank’s competitive rates for deposits and its single office in its local market in conjunction with its focus on service have been the sources for attracting retail deposits. Deposits increased a moderate $7.1 or 7.6 percent from June 30, 2020 to June 30, 2021. For the six months ended December 31, 2021, deposits increased by $11.4 million or 11.3 percent. The Bank’s largest deposit growth period was in the six months ended December 31, 2021, when deposits increased $11.4 million or a strong 11.3 percent.

 

7

 

 

Performance Overview (cont.)

 

The Bank experienced a minimal increase in the dollar amount of its equity in fiscal year 2021, and then experienced a minimal decrease in equity from June 30, 2021, through December 31, 2021. The dollar amount of equity increased 0.1 percent from June 30, 2020 to June 30, 2021, and then decreased 0.6 percent from June 30, 2021, through December 31, 2021. At June 30, 2020 the Bank had equity of $25.36 million, representing a 21.10 percent equity to assets ratio and then increased to $25.39 million at June 30, 2021, representing a lower 19.96 percent equity to assets ratio due to the Bank’s increase in assets. At December 31, 2021, equity was $25.3 million and a lower 18.22 percent of assets due to the Bank’s continued growth in assets.

 

INCOME AND EXPENSE

 

Exhibit 6 presents selected operating data for Van Wert Federal, providing selected income and expense data in dollars for the fiscal years of 2020 and 2021, and for the six months ended December 31, 2021.

 

Van Wert Federal experienced a moderate decrease in its dollar amount of interest income from fiscal 2020 to fiscal 2021. Interest income was $3.59 million in 2020 and a lesser $3.11 million in 2021, representing a decrease of $477,290 or 13.3 percent.

 

The Bank’s interest expense also experienced a moderate decrease from fiscal year 2020 to 2021. Interest expense decreased from $721,063 in 2020 to $452,906 in 2021, representing a decrease of $268,157 or 37.2 percent, resulting in a decrease in net interest income. Net interest income decreased $269,133 or 7.3 percent from 2020 to 2021. In the six months ended December 31, 2021, compared to the six months ended December 31, 2020, there was a modest increase in interest income of $18,550, notwithstanding the decrease in interest expense of $72,650, resulting in a dollar increase in net interest income of $91,200 or 7.0 percent for the six months ended December 31, 2021, and a modest decrease in net interest margin.

 

8

 

 

Income and Expense (cont.)

 

The Bank has made no provisions for loan losses in each of the past two fiscal years 2020 and 2021. The Bank also made no provisions in the six months ended December 31, 2021. The provisions were determined in recognition of the Bank’s nonperforming assets, charge-offs, repossessed assets, and industry norms. The Bank had no charge-offs in 2020 and 2021with no charge-offs in the six months ended December 31, 2021. The impact of these provisions and net charge-offs has been to provide Van Wert Federal with a general valuation allowance of $222,884 at December 31, 2021, or 0.79 percent of gross loans and 138.2 percent of nonperforming assets.

 

Total other income or noninterest income indicated a slight decrease from fiscal year 2020 to fiscal year 2021. In the year ended June 30, 2020 noninterest income was $214,562 or 0.18 percent of assets. In the year ended June 30, 2021, noninterest income was a similar $213,979, representing a lower 0.17 percent of assets with the ratio decrease due to the rise in assets. For the six months ended December 31, 2021, noninterest income was $108,852 or 0.08 percent of assets or 0.16 percent, annualized. Noninterest income consists primarily of service charges and other income.

 

The Bank’s general and administrative expenses or noninterest expenses decreased from $2.59 million for the fiscal year of 2020 to $2.58 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021, representing a decrease of 0.54 percent. On a percent of average assets basis, operating expenses decreased from 2.17 percent of average assets for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2020 to 2.05 percent for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021, and then increased to 2.47 percent for the six months ended December 31, 2021, annualized, due to one-time expenses.

 

9

 

 

Income and Expense (cont.)

 

The net earnings position of Van Wert Federal has indicated moderate volatility. The annual net income figures for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2020 and 2021, were $411,197, $550,000 and $257,764, respectively, representing returns on average assets of 0.34 percent and 0.20 percent for fiscal years 2020 and 2021, respectively. For the six months ended December 31, 2021, Van Wert Federal had a net loss of $107,790, representing a negative return on average assets of 0.16 percent, annualized.

 

Exhibit 7 provides the Bank’s normalized earnings or core earnings for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021. The Bank’s normalized earnings eliminate any nonrecurring income and expense items. There was one adjustment to earnings, eliminating the Bank’s loss on the sale of securities by $291,000 and applying a tax rate of 21.00 percent, resulting in a change in Van Wert Federal’s net income to a higher $244,000.

 

Key performance indicators, including asset quality ratios and capital ratios are shown in Exhibit 8. The Bank’s return on assets decreased slightly from 0.34 percent in 2020, to 0.20 percent in fiscal year 2021 and then decreased to (0.16) percent in the six months ended December 31, 2021, annualized.

 

The Bank’s lower return on average equity decreased from 2020 to 2021. The return on average equity decreased from 1.63 percent in 2020 to 1.02 percent in fiscal year 2021 and than decreased to a negative 0.85 percent for the six months ended December 31, 2021, annualized.

 

The Bank’s net interest rate spread decreased from 2.94 percent in 2020 to 2.73 percent in 2021 and then decreased to 2.54 percent for the six months ended December 31, 2021, annualized. The Bank’s net interest margin indicated a similar trend, decreasing from 2.98 percent in 2020 to 2.72 percent in 2021, and then decreased to 2.56 percent for the six months ended December 31, 2021. Van Wert Federal’s net interest rate spread decreased 21 basis points from 2020 to 2021 and then decreased 19 basis points in the first six months of fiscal 2022. The Bank’s net interest margin followed a similar trend, decreasing 12 basis points from 2020 to 2021 and then decreased 16 basis points in the first six months of fiscal 2022.

 

10

 

 

Income and Expense (cont.)

 

Van Wert Federal’s ratio of interest-earning assets to interest-bearing liabilities decreased modestly from 107.34 percent at June 30, 2020 to 105.87 percent at December 31, 2021. The Bank’s decrease in its ratio of interest-earning assets to interest-bearing liabilities is primarily the result of the Bank’s decrease in its equity ratio.

 

As discussed previously, the Bank’s ratio of noninterest expenses to average assets decreased from 2.17 percent in fiscal year 2020 to 2.05 percent in fiscal year 2021 and then increased to 2.47 percent for the six months ended December 31, 2021, annualized. Another key noninterest expense ratio reflecting efficiency of operation is the ratio of noninterest expenses to noninterest income plus net interest income, referred to as the "efficiency ratio." The industry norm is 61.0 percent with a lower ratio indicating greater efficiency. Historically, the Bank has been characterized by lower efficiency, reflected in its higher efficiency ratio, which decreased from 107.34 percent in 2020 to 99.95 percent in 2021 and then increased to 109.66 percent for the six months ended December 31, 2021, annualized, due partially to one time expenses.

 

Earnings performance can be affected by an institution's asset quality position. The ratio of nonperforming loans to total loans and the ratio of nonperforming assets to assets are two fundamental indicators of asset quality. Van Wert Federal experienced an increase in its ratios of nonperforming loans and nonperforming assets to both loans and total assets from 2020 to 2021, and then a further increase in nonperforming loans to loans but a decrease in nonperforming assets in the six months ended December 31, 2021. Nonperforming assets consist of real estate owned, loans delinquent 90 days or more but still accruing, and nonaccruing loans. The Bank’s ratio of nonperforming assets to total assets was 0.12 percent at December 31, 2021, increasing from 0.04 percent at June 30, 2020 and the Bank’s ratio of nonperforming loans to loans increased from 0.06 percent at June 30, 2020 to 0.20 percent at December 31, 2021.

 

11

 

 

 

Income and Expense (cont.)

 

Two other indicators of asset quality are the Bank’s ratios of allowance for loan losses to total loans and also to nonperforming loans. The Bank’s allowance for loan losses was 0.32 percent of loans at June 30, 2020 and a lower 0.29 percent at December 31, 2021. Van Wert Federal’s allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans was 500.28 percent at June 30, 2020 and 138.20 percent at December 31, 2021.

 

Exhibit 9 provides the changes in net interest income due to rate and volume changes for the fiscal year 2021 and the six months ended December 31, 2021. In fiscal year 2021, net interest income decreased $210,000, due to a decrease in interest income of $478,000, reduced by a $268,000 decrease in interest expense. The decrease in interest income was due to a decrease due to rate of $546,000, reduced by an increase due to volume of $68,000. The decrease in interest expense was due to a $215,000 decrease due to rate, accented by a $53,000 decrease due to volume.

 

For the six months ended December 31, 2021, net interest income increased $91,000, due to an increase in interest income of $19,000, increased by a $72,000 decrease in interest expense. The increase in interest income was due to a increase due to volume of $150,000, reduced by an decrease due to rate of $131,000. The decrease in interest expense was due to a $61,000 decrease due to rate, accented by an $11,000 decrease due to volume.

 

12

 

 

YIELDS AND COSTS

 

The overview of yield and cost trends for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2020 and 2021 and the six months ended December 31, 2020 and 2021, can be seen in Exhibit 10, which offers a summary of yields on interest-earning assets and costs of interest-bearing liabilities.

 

Van Wert Federal’s weighted average yield on its loan portfolio decreased 29 basis points from fiscal year 2020 to 2021, from 4.78 percent to 3.89 percent, and then decreased 33 basis points to 3.56 percent for the six months ended December 31, 2021. The yield on investment securities decreased 95 basis points from fiscal year 2020 to 2021, from 2.09 percent to 1.14 percent, and then increased 1 basis point to 1.15 percent for the six months ended December 31, 2021. The yield on other interest-earning assets decreased 188 basis points from fiscal year 2020 to 2021, from 3.64 percent to 1.76 percent, and then increased 35 basis points to 2.11 percent for the six months ended December 31, 2021. The combined weighted average yield on all interest-earning assets decreased 55 basis points to 3.18 percent from fiscal year 2020 to 2021 and then decreased 29 basis points to 2.89 percent for the six months ended December 31, 2021, and was a similar 2.94 percent at December 31, 2021.

 

Van Wert Federal’s weighted average cost of interest-bearing liabilities decreased 35 basis points to 0.46 percent from fiscal year 2020 to 2021, which was less than the Bank’s 55 basis point decrease in yield, resulting in a decrease in the Bank’s net interest rate spread of 19 basis points from 2.94 percent to 2.73 percent from 2020 to 2021. The Bank’s net interest margin decreased from 2.98 percent in fiscal year 2020 to 2.72 percent in fiscal year 2021, representing a decrease of 26 basis points. In the six months ended December 31, 2021, the Bank’s net interest rate spread decreased 19 basis points to 2.54 percent, and the Bank’s net interest margin decreased 16 basis points to 2.56 percent. The Bank’s net interest rate spread was a modestly higher 2.65 percent at December 31, 2021.

 

13

 

 

INTEREST RATE SENSITIVITY

 

Van Wert Federal monitors its interest rate sensitivity position and has focused on maintaining a moderate level of interest rate risk exposure. Van Wert Federal has adjustable-rate loans to reduce its interest rate risk exposure. Van Wert Federal recognizes the thrift industry’s historically higher interest rate risk exposure, which caused a negative impact on earnings and net portfolio value of equity in the past as a result of significant fluctuations in interest rates, specifically rising rates in the past. Such exposure was due to the disparate rate of maturity and/or repricing of assets relative to liabilities commonly referred to as an institution’s “gap.” The larger an institution’s gap, the greater the risk (interest rate risk) of earnings loss due to a decrease in net interest margin and a decrease in net portfolio value of equity or portfolio loss. In response to the potential impact of interest rate volatility and negative earnings impact, many institutions have taken steps to minimize their gap position. This frequently results in a decline in the institution’s net interest margin and overall earnings performance.

 

The Bank measures its interest rate risk through the use of its economic value of equity (“EVE”) of the expected cash flows from interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and any off-balance sheets contracts. The EVE for the Bank is calculated on a quarterly basis by an outside firm, showing the Bank’s EVE to asset ratio and the change in the EVE ratio for the Bank under rising and falling interest rates. Such changes in EVE ratio under changing rates are reflective of the Bank’s interest rate risk exposure.

 

There are numerous factors which have a measurable influence on interest rate sensitivity in addition to changing interest rates. Such key factors to consider when analyzing interest rate

sensitivity include the loan payoff schedule, accelerated principal payments, investment maturities, deposit maturities and deposit withdrawals.

 

Exhibit 11 provides the Bank’s EVE levels and ratios as of December 31, 2021, based on the outside firm’s calculations and the changes in the Bank’s EVE levels under rising and declining interest rates. The focus of this exposure table is a 200 basis point change in interest rates and a 100 basis point change in interest rates down.

 

14

 

 

Interest Rate Sensitivity (cont.)

 

The Bank’s percentage change in its EVE at December 31, 2021, based on a rise in interest rates of 100 basis points was a 0.23 percent increase, representing a dollar increase in equity value of $67,000. In contrast, based on a decline in interest rates of 100 basis points, the Bank’s EVE was estimated to decrease 3.79 percent or $1,084,000 at December 31, 2021. The Bank’s exposure indicates a 4.73 percent decrease based on a 200 basis point increase in interest rates, representing $1,353,000.

 

The Bank’s post shock EVE to asset ratio based on a 200 basis point rise in interest rates is 20.30 percent and indicates a 3 basis point increase from its 20.27 percent based on no change in interest rates.

 

The Bank is aware of its minimal interest rate risk exposure under rapidly rising rates and minimal exposure under falling rates. The Bank plans to maintain its balance and share of adjustable-rate commercial real estate loans as well as residential ARM loans and adjustable-rate agricultural loans. The Bank will focus on increasing its post shock EVE ratio, recognizing that the planned stock offering will immediately strengthen the Bank’s post shock EVE ratio.

 

15

 

 

LENDING ACTIVITIES

 

Van Wert Federal has focused its lending activity on the origination of conventional mortgage loans secured by one- to four-family dwellings, commercial real estate loans, agricultural loans, consumer and home equity loans and commercial loans. Exhibit 12 provides a summary of Van Wert Federal’s loan portfolio, by loan type, at June 30, 2020 and 2021, and at December 31, 2021.

 

The primary and predominant loan type for Van Wert Federal has been residential loans secured by one- to four-family dwellings, representing a strong 79.1 percent of the Bank’s gross loans as of December 31, 2021. The share of this loan type has decreased from 79.6 percent at

June 30, 2020, and decreased from 79.6 percent at June 30, 2021. The second largest real estate loan type as of December 31, 2021, was commercial real estate loans, which constituted a moderate 9.3 percent of gross loans compared to 9.0 percent as of June 30, 2020, and 8.5 percent as of June 30, 2021. The third largest real estate loan category as of December 31, 2021, was agricultural real estate loans, which represented a modest 4.1 percent of gross loans compared to a lesser 3.7 percent as of June 30, 2020. These three real estate loan categories represented a strong 92.5 percent of gross loans at December 31, 2021, compared to a similar 92.3 percent of gross loans at June 30, 2020, and a similar 92.0 percent at June 30, 2021.

 

Nonmortgage consumer loans and home equity loans represented a minimal 1.3 percent of gross loans at December 31, 2021, compared to 1.4 percent at June 30, 2020, and a similar 1.3 percent at June 30, 2021. The Bank’s consumer loans include savings account loans and secured and unsecured personal loans.

 

Commercial loans represented a minimal 0.4 percent of gross loans at December 31, 2021, compared to 0.5 percent at June 30, 2020, and 0.4 percent at June 30, 2021. The Bank’s overall mix of loans has changed slightly from June 30, 2020, to December 31, 2021, with the share of one- to four-family loans decreasing, offset by an increase in commercial real estate loans.

 

16

 

 

Lending Activities (cont.)

 

The focus of Van Wert Federal’s residential mortgage loan activity is on properties located in Van Wert Federal’s primary market area focused on Van Wert County. The Bank offers fixed-rate residential mortgage loans and adjustable-rate residential mortgage loans. Fixed-rate residential mortgage loans have a maximum term of 30 years with most originations today having terms of 15, 20 or 30 years. The Bank’s fixed-rate residential mortgage loans conform to FHLMC underwriting standards. The Bank’s ARM residential loans have initial terms of five, seven or ten years and then adjust to a one term with an annual rate cap of 2.0 percent and 6.0 percent over the life of the loan.

 

The normal loan-to-value ratio for conventional mortgage loans to purchase or refinance one-to four-family dwellings generally does not exceed 80.0 percent at Van Wert Federal, even though the Bank is permitted to make loans up to a 90.0 percent loan-to-value ratio for first mortgage loans on owner-occupied one- to four-family dwellings, including construction loans of the same type. While the Bank does make loans up to 90.0 percent of loan-to-value, the Bank may require private mortgage insurance for the amount in excess of the 80.0 percent loan-to-value ratio and normally requires a higher FICO credit score for the borrower.

 

Mortgage loans originated by the Bank include due-on-sale clauses enabling the Bank to adjust rates on fixed-rate loans in the event the borrower transfers ownership. The Bank also requires an escrow account for insurance and taxes on most loans.

 

Van Wert Federal has also been an originator of fixed-rate and adjustable-rate commercial real estate loans and agricultural loans in the past and will continue to make agricultural and commercial real estate loans. As previously indicated, the Bank had a combined total of $11.7 million in commercial real estate and agricultural loans at December 31, 2021, representing 14.64 percent of gross loans, compared to a lesser $10.5 million or 14.8 percent of gross loans at June 30, 2020. The major portion of commercial real estate loans are secured by small retail establishments, churches, small office buildings, and other owner-occupied properties used for business. The agricultural and commercial real estate loans are fully amortizing with a term of up to 20 years. The maximum loan-to-value ratio does not exceed 80.0 percent and 75.0 percent for nonowner-occupied properties.

 

17

 

 

Lending Activities (cont.)

 

The Bank also originates home equity loans and home equity lines of credit. Home equity loans normally have a term of 10 years. Home equity lines of credit have an adjustable interest rate tied to the prime rate published by The Wall Street Journal and a loan-to-value ratio of no more than 90.0 percent of value. Home equity lines of credit have a term of up to five years.

 

Van Wert Federal is an originator of other consumer loans, with all consumer loans totaling $675.763 at December 31, 2021, representing 0.8 percent of gross loans. The focus of the Bank’s other consumer loans is farm equipment loans, savings account loans and secured and unsecured personal loans.

 

Exhibit 13 provides a loan maturity schedule and breakdown and summary of Van Wert Federal’s loans by fixed or adjustable-rate, indicating a predominance of fixed-rate loans. It should be noted, however, that a significant share of the loans classified as having fixed rates are residential mortgage loans with longer contractual maturities. At December 31, 2021, the Bank had a minimal 1.1 percent of its loans due on or before December 31, 2022, or in one year or less, with a modest 3.4 percent due by December 31, 2026, or in one to five years. Van Wert Federal had a strong 73.5 percent of loans in fixed-rate loans and 26.5 percent in adjustable-rate loans at December 31, 2021.

 

18

 

 

NONPERFORMING ASSETS

 

Van Wert Federal understands asset quality risk and the direct relationship of such risk to delinquent loans and nonperforming assets, including real estate owned. The quality of assets has been a key concern to financial institutions through many regions of the country. There has been a moderate decrease in nonperforming assets in 2020 and 2021 in the industry.

 

Any increase in nonperforming assets has often been related to specific regions of the country and has frequently been associated with higher risk loans, including commercial real estate loans, construction loans and nonowner-occupied single-family loans. Van Wert Federal experienced a slight increase in nonperforming assets from June 30, 2020 to December 31, 2021, but continues to be below industry norms.

 

It is normal procedure for Van Wert Federal’s board to review all delinquent loans on a monthly basis, to assess their collectability and to initiate any direct contact with borrowers. When a loan is delinquent, the Bank sends a notice to the borrower. If the borrower remains delinquent for 60 days, a phone call by the collections officer is made to discuss future payments. The Bank initiates both written and oral communication with the borrower if the loan remains delinquent.

 

If the loan remains delinquent for 120 days, the loan is brought to the board for possible foreclosure. A decision as to whether and when to initiate foreclosure proceedings is based on such factors as the amount of the outstanding loan, the extent of the delinquency and the borrower’s ability and willingness to cooperate during the delinquency. Once the board declares a loan due, a certified letter is sent to the borrower explaining that the entire balance is due. The borrower is permitted thirty additional days to submit payment. If the borrower does not respond, Van Wert Federal will initiate foreclosure proceedings.

 

Exhibit 14 provides a summary of Van Wert Federal’s delinquent loans at June 30, 2020 and 2021, and at December 31, 2021. Delinquent loans include loans 30 to 59 days past due, loans 60 to 89 days past due and loans 90 days or more past due. The Bank had $1,464,000 in delinquent loans at December 31, 2021, compared to a much lesser $96,000 at June 30, 2020. The delinquent loans included 68.7 percent in loans 30 to 59 days past due at December 31, 2021, compared to a lesser zero percent at June 30, 2020. The delinquent loans consisted entirely of residential real estate loans, at December 31, 2021, and also at June 30, 2020 and June 30, 2021.

 

19

 

 

Nonperforming Assets (cont.)

 

Exhibit 15 provides a summary of Van Wert Federal’s nonperforming assets at June 30, 2020 and 2021, and at December 31, 2021. Nonperforming assets are defined as loans 90 days or more past due, nonaccruing loans, troubled debt restructurings and real estate owned. The Bank carried lower balances of nonperforming assets in each of the periods. Van Wert Federal’s nonperforming assets were $45,000 at June 30, 2020, and a higher $161,000 at December 31, 2021, which represented 0.04 percent of assets at June 30, 2020, and 0.12 percent or assets at December 31, 2021. The Bank’s nonperforming assets included $161,000 in nonaccrual loans, no real estate owned and no loans 90 days or more past due at December 31, 2021, and $9,000 in nonaccrual loans, $35,000 in loans 90 days or more past due and no real estate owned at June 30, 2020. The Bank had $41,000 in troubled debt restructurings at December 31, 2021, and a similar $47,000 at June 30, 2020.

 

Van Wert Federal’s classified assets were less than its nonperforming assets at June 30, 2020 and 2021, and at December 31, 2021. The classified assets include loans classified as substandard, doubtful and loss and do not include loans classified as special mention. The Bank’s classified assets were 0.03 percent of assets at June 30, 2020, 0.14 percent at June 30, 2021, and 0.03 percent at December 31, 2021, as indicated in Exhibit 16. The Bank’s classified assets consisted entirely of substandard assets, with no assets classified as doubtful or loss at June 30, 2020 and 2021, and at December 31, 2021.

 

Exhibit 17 shows Van Wert Federal’s allowance for loan losses at June 30, 2020 and 2021, and at December 31, 2020 and 2021, indicating the activity and the resulting balances. Van Wert Federal indicated no change in its balance of allowance for loan losses which was $222,884 at June 30, 2020 and 2021, and also at December 31, 2020 and 2021. The Bank had no provisions for loan losses of in fiscal 2020 or in fiscal 2020 or in the six months ended December 31, 2020 ad 2021 and also had no recoveries in any of these periods.

 

20

 

 

Nonperforming Assets (cont.)

 

The Bank had no net charge-offs in fiscal 2020 or fiscal 2021 and none during the six months ended December 31, 2020 and 2021. The Bank’s ratio of allowance for loan losses to gross loans was 0.32 percent at June 30, 2020, and a similar 0.29 percent at December 31, 2021. Allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans was 500.28 percent at June 30, 2020, and a lesser 138.20 percent at December 31, 2021.

 

INVESTMENTS

 

The Bank’s investment and securities portfolio, excluding interest-bearing deposits, has been comprised of U.S. government and federal agency obligations, municipal securities and mortgage-backed securities. The Bank’s investments are all carried at fair market value and totaled $18.3 million, excluding interest-bearing deposits.

 

DEPOSIT ACTIVITIES

 

The mix of deposits by type at June 30, 2020 and 2021, and at December 31, 2021, is provided in Exhibit 18. There has been a moderate change in the Bank’s total deposits and a modest change in the deposit mix during that twenty-one month period. Total deposits increased from $93.8 million at June 30, 2020 to $100.9 million at June 30, 2021, followed by an increase to $112.3 million at December 31, 2021, representing a net twenty-one month increase of $18.5 million or 19.7 percent and an annualized increase of 13.1 percent. Certificates of deposits decreased from $41.4 million at June 30, 2020 to $37.2 million at December 31, 2021, representing a decrease of $4.2 million or 10.1 percent, while savings, MMDA, demand and checking accounts increased $17.7 million or 33.8 percent from $52.4 million at June 30, 2020 to $70.1 million at December 31, 2021.

 

21

 

 

Deposit Activities (cont.)

 

The Bank’s share of certificates of deposit to total deposits experienced a decrease from 44.2 percent of deposits at June 30, 2020 to a modestly lower 33.2 percent of deposits at December 31, 2021, offset by an increase in the share of savings, MMDA, demand and checking accounts, which increased from 55.8 percent at June 30, 2020 to 66.8 percent at December 31, 2021.

 

The deposit category experiencing the strongest growth in dollars from June 30, 2020, to December 31, 2021, was savings accounts, which increased $12.4 million during that time period; and the category experiencing the second largest increase from June 30, 2020, to December 31, 2021, was interest-bearing demand accounts, which increased $9.7 million.

 

Exhibit 20 provides a breakdown of uninsured certificates of deposit by maturity at December 31, 2021, due to their higher balance. The Bank had a moderate $37.2 million in certificates of deposit, representing 33.2 percent of total deposits, but only had $3.2 million in certificates of deposit of $250,000 or more. A modest $415,000 of these certificates mature in over three months to six months, representing 1.1 percent of certificates of deposit with $2.7 million or 7.4 percent of certificates maturing in over twelve months.

 

BORROWINGS

 

Van Wert Federal has not made use of FHLB advances in the years ended June 30, 2020 and 2021, or during the six months ended December 31, 2021.

 

22

 

 

SUBSIDIARIES

 

Van Wert Federal has no active subsidiary corporations.

 

OFFICE PROPERTIES

 

Van Wert Federal had one office at December 31, 2021, which is owned by the Bank, and is their home office located at 376 South Shannon Street, Van Wert, Ohio. At December 31, 2021, the Bank’s investment in office premises and equipment totaled $1.4 million, net of depreciation, or 1.0 percent of total assets.

 

MANAGEMENT

 

The chairman of the board is Gary Clay who joined the Bank in 1977. He has served as chairman of the board since 2019. Mr. Clay joined the Bank in 1977 and served as president and CEO from 2006 to 2019. His extensive community banking experience and knowledge of Van Wert Federal’s business and market area provides the board of directors with valuable insight into the business of Van Wert Federal.

 

Mr. Mark K. Schumm, age 50, joined Van Wert Federal in 2007. He is currently president and chief executive officer, positions he has held since 2019. The Bank is now seeking a new president and chief executive officer, and Mr. Schumm will become the new chief operating officer and chief risk officer.

 

Ms. Kylee Moody, age 40, has served as treasurer and chief financial officer of Van Wert Federal since 2015 and joined the Bank in 2012.

 

Mr. George R. Scott, III has served as vice president and senior lending officer since joining Van Wert Federal in 2017. He is the son-in-law of Mr. Clay.

 

23

 

 

II.DESCRIPTION OF PRIMARY MARKET AREA

 

Van Wert Federal’s market area encompasses Van Wert County in Ohio. The Bank’s main office is in Van Wert County, and it has no branch offices.

 

Exhibit 21 provides a summary of key demographic data and trends for Van Wert County, Ohio and the United States. From 2000 to 2010, population decreased in Van Wert Count but increased in Ohio and the United States. The population decreased by 3.1 percent in Van Wert County, while increasing by 1.6 percent in Ohio and by 9.7 percent in the United States. From 2010 to 2021, population continued to decrease, by 1.2 percent in Van Wert County, but increased by 1.7 percent and 7.2 percent in Ohio and the United States, respectively. Projections indicate that population will continue to decrease in Van Wert County by 1.0 percent through 2026, while the population in Ohio and the United States are projected to increase by 0.4 percent and 3.5 percent, respectively.

 

From 2000 to 2010, the number of households decreased in Van Wert County by 1.3 percent, but increase in Ohio by 3.5 percent and in the United States by 10.7 percent. The trend in household growth from 2010 to 2021 indicates a decrease in Van Wert County of 1.7 percent, but increases in Ohio by 1.7 percent, and in the United States by 8.0 percent. Projections indicate a slight decrease in households from 2021 through the year 2026 and increases in households by 1.0 percent and 4.0 percent in Ohio and the United States, respectively.

 

With regard to income, in 2000, Van Wert County, Ohio and the United States, had per capita income of $18,184, $21,694 and $21,242, respectively. From 2000 to 2010, per capita income increased in all areas. Van Wert Federal County’s per capita income increased from 2000 to 2010 by 17.0 percent to a still lower $21,278. Per capita income increased by 10.5 percent to $23,975 in Ohio and by 32.2 percent to $28,088 in the United States. From 2010 to 2021, per capita income continued to increase by 30.2 percent, 37.4 percent, and 29.8 percent to $27,699, $32,948, and $36,445 in Van Wert County, Ohio and the United States, respectively. Projections indicate that through 2026, per capita income will increase by 6.7 percent to $29,547 in Van Wert County, by 6.7 percent to $35,169 in Ohio and by 5.8 percent to $38,550 in the United States, with Van Wert County’s per capita income continuing to be below both state and national levels.

 

24

 

 

Description of Primary Market Area (cont.)

 

The 2000 median household income of $39,442 in Van Wert County was lower than the median household income in Ohio of $41,066 and lower than the median household income of $42,257 in the United States. From 2000 to 2010, median household income increased in all areas, with Van Wert County indicating a 9.7 percent increase to $43,279, in comparison to Ohio indicating a 13.1 percent increase to $46,454, and the United States indicating a 21.5 percent increase to $51,362. From 2010 to 2021, median household income in Van Wert County increased by 39.6 percent to $60,418, slightly higher than 2021 Ohio’s median household income of $59,934, but lower than the United States’ increase to $65,694. Through 2026, median household income is projected to increase by 5.8 percent in Van Wert County to $63,938, by 5.7 percent in Ohio to $63,332, and by 4.8 percent in the United States to $68,820.

 

Exhibit 22 provides a summary of key housing data for Van Wert County, Ohio and the United States. In 2010, Van Wert County had a higher 78.6 percent owner-occupancy rate. Ohio and the United States had owner-occupancy rates of 67.6 percent and 65.1 percent, respectively. As a result, Van Wert County supported a lower rate of renter-occupied housing of 21.4 percent, compared to 32.4 percent in Ohio and 34.9 percent in the United States. In 2021, owner-occupied housing decreased slightly to 76.5 percent in Van Wert County, to 64.1 percent in Ohio and 63.9 percent in the United States. Conversely, the renter-occupied rates increased in Van Wert County to 23.5 percent and increased in Ohio and the United States to 35.9 percent and 36.1 percent, respectively. The estimates of 2026 rates of owner-occupancy indicates little change in Van Wert County, a slight increase in Ohio and no change in the United States.

 

Van Wert County’s 2000 median housing value was a much lower $74,670 with Ohio and the United States at $100,500 and $110,313, respectively. The 2000 median rent in Van Wert County was a lower $306 compared to Ohio at $415 and the United States at $469. By 2010, median housing values had increased in Van Wert County, Ohio and the United States to values of $86,986, $134,400 and $179,900, respectively. The 2010 median rents were $551 in Van Wert County, $685 and $855 in Ohio and the United States, respectively. The 2021 median housing values increased to $117,440 in Van Wert County, $163,017 in Ohio, and $227,827 in the United States, with median rents increasing to $712 in Van Wert County, $808 in Ohio, and $1,104 in the United States.

 

25

 

 

Description of Primary Market Area (cont.)

 

In 2021, the major source of employment in Van Wert County was the services sector, providing 45.9 percent of employment in the county, with the services sector the largest employment area in both Ohio and the United States at 48.2 percent and 49.6 percent, respectively (reference Exhibit 23). The manufacturing sector was the second major employment source in Van Wert County at 21.4 percent, while the wholesale/retail sector was the second largest employer in Ohio and in the United States. The wholesale/retail trade sector was the third largest employer in Van Wert County at 16.6 percent, and also the third largest employer in the United States, while the manufacturing sector was the third largest employer at 13.7 percent. The agriculture/mining, construction, transportation/utilities, information, and finance, insurance and real estate sectors combined to provide 16.1 percent of employment in Van Wert County, 16.7 percent of employment in Ohio and 19.1 percent in the United States.

 

Some of the largest employers in the area are listed below.

 

Employer    Number of Employees   Type of Business
Danfoss    856   Manufacturing
Cooper Farms    600   Food Manufacturing
Van Wert Health    596   Health Services
Central Mutual Insurance Co.    470   Services
Braun Industries    351   Ambulance Manufacturing
Tenneco    345   Auto/Truck Parts Manufacturing
Van Wert County    334   Government
Walmart    311   Retail
Van Wert City Schools    282   Education

 

26

 

 

Description of Primary Market Area (cont.)

 

Unemployment rates are another key economic indicator. Exhibit 24 shows the unemployment rates in Van Wert County, Ohio and the United States in 2017 through 2021. Van Wert County has been characterized by lower unemployment rates compared to both Ohio and the United States. In 2017, Van Wert County had an unemployment rate of 3.9 percent, compared to rates of 5.0 percent in Ohio and 4.4 percent in the United States. In 2018, unemployment rates decreased to 3.5 percent, 4.5 percent, and 3.9 percent in Van Wert County, Ohio, and the United States, respectively. In 2019, the unemployment rates in Van Wert County, Ohio and the United States decreased again to 3.3 percent, 4.1 percent and 3.7 percent, respectively. In 2020, however, unemployment rates increased in all areas due to the business slow-down because of the COVID pandemic. The 2020 unemployment rates were 7.0 percent in Van Wert County, 8.2 percent in Ohio and 8.1 percent in the United States. Through 2021, unemployment rates decrease to 3.8 percent, 4.9 percent and 5.4 percent in Van Wert County, Ohio and the United States, respectively.

 

Exhibit 25 provides deposit data for banks and thrifts in Van Wert County. At June 30, 2021, Van Wert Federal Savings= deposits represented a moderate 38.4 percent of the thrift deposits in Van Wert County but a smaller 15.7 percent of the total deposits in Van Wert County. It is evident from the size of the thrift and bank deposits that the market area has a smaller deposit base at $647.5 million.

 

Exhibit 26 provides interest rate data for each quarter for the years 2017 through 2021. The interest rates tracked are the Prime Rate, as well as 90-Day, One-Year and Thirty-Year Treasury Bills. Short term interest rates experienced a rising trend in 2017 and 2018 and then a softening trend in 2019. Then rates indicated noticeable decrease in 2020 with the rates remaining lower in 2021, with minimal change.

 

27

 

 

SUMMARY

 

Van Wert County experienced decreases in population and households from 2000 through 2021. Van Wert County indicated lower per capita income and median household income levels than the United States. In 2000, 2010 and 2021, the median housing values in Van Wert County were lower than those of Ohio and the United States.

 

Van Wert County has had lower unemployment rates compared to both Ohio and the United States. Finally, the county is a smaller financial institution market dominated by banks with a total market area deposit base for banks and thrifts of $647.5 million with Van Wert Federal having a 15.7 percent share of the total county deposits.

 

28

 

 

III.COMPARABLE GROUP SELECTION

 

Introduction

 

Integral to the valuation of Van Wert Federal is the selection of an appropriate group of publicly traded thrift institutions, hereinafter referred to as the “comparable group”. This section identifies the comparable group and describes various methodologies and parameters used in the selection of the group. The selection of the comparable group was based on the establishment of both general and specific parameters using financial condition, operating and asset quality characteristics of the Bank to indicate the overall appropriateness of each of the comparable group institutions and the full comparable group in aggregate. The parameters established and defined are considered to be both reasonable and reflective of the Bank’s basic operations.

 

The various characteristics of the selected comparable group provide the primary basis for applying the necessary adjustments to the Bank’s pro forma value relative to the comparable group. There is also a general recognition and consideration of financial comparisons with all publicly traded, FDIC-insured thrifts in the United States and all publicly traded, FDIC-insured thrifts in the Midwest region.

 

Exhibits 27 and 28 present Thrift Stock Prices and Pricing Ratios and Key Financial Data and Ratios, respectively, for the universe of 86 publicly traded, FDIC-insured, fully converted thrifts in the United States (“all thrifts”), also subclassifying those thrifts by region, including the 32 publicly traded Midwest thrifts (“Midwest thrifts”), and by trading exchange.

 

29

 

 

GENERAL PARAMETERS

 

Merger/Acquisition

 

The comparable group will not include any institution that is in the process of a merger or acquisition due to the price impact of such a pending transaction.

 

There are no other pending merger/acquisition transaction involving thrift institutions in the city, county or market area of Van Wert Federal, as indicated in Exhibit 30.

 

Trading Exchange

 

It is necessary that each institution in the comparable group be listed on one of the three major stock exchanges, the New York Stock Exchange or the National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation System (NASDAQ). Such a listing indicates that an institution’s stock has demonstrated trading activity and is responsive to normal market conditions, which are requirements for continued listing.

 

Of the 86 publicly traded, FDIC-insured savings institutions, four are traded on the New York Stock Exchange, 62 are traded on NASDAQ, and the remainder are traded on the OTC Bulletin Board or are listed in the Pink Sheets. Comparable group institutions will be focused on the 38 companies traded on NASDAQ.

 

IPO Date

 

Another general parameter for the selection of the comparable group is the initial public offering (“IPO”) date, which must be at least four quarterly periods prior to the trading date of February 18, 2022, used in this Appraisal, in order to insure at least four consecutive quarters of reported data as a publicly traded institution. The resulting parameter is a required IPO date prior to December 31, 2020.

 

30

 

 

Geographic Location

 

The geographic location of an institution is a pertinent parameter due to the impact of various regional economic and thrift industry conditions on the performance and trading prices of thrift institution stocks. The geographic location parameter has, therefore, eliminated regions of the United States incompatible with the Bank, including the Western, Southwestern, and New England states. The geographic location parameter consists of the North Central, Midwest, Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern states.

 

Asset Size

 

Asset size was another parameter used in the selection of the comparable group. The maximum total assets for any potential comparable group institution was $1.9 billion, due to the general similarity of asset mix and operating strategies of institutions within this asset range combined with the requirement to have comparable group candidates be traded on the NYSE or on NASDAQ. Van Wert Federal had assets of approximately $138.6 million at December 31, 2021.

 

In connection with asset size, we did not consider the number of offices or branches in selecting or eliminating candidates, since that characteristic is directly related to operating expenses, which are recognized as an operating performance parameter.

 

31

 

 

SUMMARY

 

Exhibits 33 and 34 show the 38 institutions considered as comparable group candidates after applying the general parameters, with the outlined institutions being those ultimately selected for the comparable group using the balance sheet, performance and asset quality parameters established in this section.

 

32

 

 

BALANCE SHEET PARAMETERS

 

Introduction

 

The balance sheet parameters focused on seven balance sheet ratios as determinants for selecting a comparable group, as presented in Exhibit 31. The balance sheet ratios consist of the following:

 

1.       Cash and investments to assets

 

2.       Mortgage-backed securities to assets

 

3.       One- to four-family loans to assets

 

4.       Total net loans to assets

 

5.       Total net loans and mortgage-backed securities to assets

 

6.       Borrowed funds to assets

 

7.       Equity to assets

 

The parameters enable the identification and elimination of thrift institutions that are distinctly and functionally different from the Corporation with regard to asset mix. The balance sheet parameters also distinguish institutions with a significantly different capital position from the Corporation. The ratio of deposits to assets was not used as a parameter as it is directly related to and affected by an institution's equity and borrowed funds ratios, which are separate parameters.

 

Cash and Investments to Assets

 

The Bank’s ratio of cash and investments to assets, excluding mortgage-backed securities, was 28.21 percent at December 31, 2021, and reflects the Bank’s share of cash and investments higher than the national and state averages of 18.61 percent and 17.74 percent, respectively. The Bank's investments have consisted of federal agency securities, municipal securities and other interest-bearing deposits.

 

33

 

 

Cash & Investments to Assets (cont.)

 

For its two most recent fiscal years ended June 30, 2021, the Bank’s average ratio of cash and investments to assets was a lower 25.46 percent, ranging from a low of 20.42 percent in 2021 to a high of 30.51 percent in 2020.

 

The parameter range for cash and investments is has been defined as 45.0 percent or less of assets, with a midpoint of 22.5 percent.

 

Mortgage-Backed Securities to Assets

 

At December 31, 2021, the Bank had $14.2 million in mortgage-backed securities, resulting in a 10.25 percent ratio, modestly higher than the national average of 8.05 percent and higher than the regional average of 6.76 percent for publicly traded thrifts. The Bank’s two most recent fiscal year average is 8.53 percent, which is higher than industry averages.

 

Inasmuch as many institutions purchase mortgage-backed securities as an alternative to both lending, relative to cyclical loan demand and prevailing interest rates, and other investment vehicles, this parameter is also fairly broad at 30.0 percent or less of assets and a midpoint of 15.0 percent.

 

One- to Four-Family Loans to Assets

 

The Bank’s lending activity has been focused on the origination of residential mortgage loans secured by one- to four-family dwellings. One- to four-family loans, excluding construction loans and home equity loans, represented 45.39 percent of the Bank's assets at December 31, 2020, which is lower than its ratio of 48.22 percent at June 30, 2021, and lower than its ratio of 46.95 percent at June 30, 2020. The parameter for this characteristic is 50.00 percent of assets or less in one- to four-family loans with a midpoint of 25.00 percent.

 

34

 

 

Total Net Loans to Assets

 

At December 31, 2021, the Bank had a 55.88 percent ratio of total net loans to assets and a higher two fiscal year average of 59.80 percent, compared to the national average of 64.72 percent and the regional average of 62.41 percent for publicly traded thrifts. The Bank's ratio of total net loans to assets changed from 59.0 percent of total assets at June 30, 2020, to 60.6 percent at June 30, 2021, to 55.9 percent at December 31, 2021.

 

The parameter for the selection of the comparable group is from 20.0 percent to 80.0 percent with a midpoint of 50.0 percent. The lower end of the parameter range relates to the fact that, as the referenced national and regional averages indicate, many institutions hold greater volumes of mortgage-backed securities as cyclical alternatives to lending, but may otherwise be similar to the Bank.

 

Total Net Loans and Mortgage-Backed Securities to Assets

 

As discussed previously, the Bank’s shares of mortgage-backed securities to assets and total net loans to assets were 10.25 percent and 55.88 percent, respectively, for a combined share of 66.12 percent. Recognizing the industry and regional ratios of 72.8 percent and 69.2 percent, respectively, the parameter range for the comparable group in this category is 50.0 percent to 92.0 percent, with a midpoint of 71.0 percent.

 

35

 

 

Borrowed Funds to Assets

 

The Bank had no borrowed funds at December 31, 2021, which is lower than the current industry average of 5.84 percent. The Bank also had no borrowed funds at June 30, 2021 and June 30, 2020.

 

The use of borrowed funds by some institutions indicates an alternative to retail deposits and may provide a source of longer term funds. The federal insurance premium on deposits does increase the attractiveness of borrowed funds. The institutional demand for borrowed funds has decreased recently, due to lower rates paid on deposits.

 

The parameter range of borrowed funds to assets is 44.0 percent or less with a midpoint of 22.0 percent.

 

Equity to Assets

 

The Bank’s equity to assets ratio was 18.23 percent at December 31, 2021, 20.46 percent at December 31, 2020, and 21.28 percent at December 31, 2019, averaging 19.99 percent for the three calendar years ended December 31, 2021. The Bank’s equity decreased in each of the past three calendar periods from December 31, 2019, to December 31, 2021. After conversion, based on the midpoint value of $22.0 million, with a foundation of $300,000, consisting of $100,000 in cash and $200,000 in stock, with 50.0 percent of the net proceeds of the public offering going to the Bank, its equity is projected to increase to 24.86 percent of assets, with the Corporation’s equity at 30.23 percent of assets.

 

Based on those equity ratios, we have defined the equity ratio parameter to be 8.0 percent to 24.0 percent with a midpoint ratio of 16.0 percent.

 

36

 

 

PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS

 

Introduction

 

Exhibit 32 presents five parameters identified as key indicators of the Bank’s earnings performance and the basis for such performance both historically and during the year ended December 31, 2021. The primary performance indicator is the Bank's core return on average assets (ROAA). The second performance indicator is the Bank's core return on average equity (ROAE). To measure the Bank's ability to generate net interest income, we have used net interest margin. The supplemental source of income for the Bank is noninterest income, and the parameter used to measure this factor is the ratio of noninterest income to average assets. The final performance indicator is the Bank's ratio of operating expenses or noninterest expenses to average assets, a key factor in distinguishing different types of operations, particularly institutions that are aggressive in secondary market activities, which often results in much higher operating costs and overhead ratios.

 

Return on Average Assets

 

The key performance parameter is core ROAA. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, the Bank’s core ROAA was 0.19 percent based on a core income after taxes of $244,000, as detailed in Item I of this Report. The net ROAA for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, was 0.03 percent on net income of $35,000. The Bank's ROAAs in its most recent two fiscal years of 2021 and 2020 were 0.20 percent and 0.34 percent, respectively, with a two fiscal year average ROAA of 0.27 percent based on net income.

 

Considering the historical and current earnings performance of the Bank, as well as the industry, the range for the ROAA parameter based on core income has been defined as less than 1.38 percent with a midpoint of 0.69 percent.

 

37

 

 

Return on Average Equity

 

The ROAE has been used as a secondary parameter to eliminate any institutions with an unusually high or low ROAE that is inconsistent with the Bank's position. This parameter does not provide as much meaning for a newly converted thrift institution as it does for established stock institutions, due to the unseasoned nature of the capital structure of the newly converted thrift and the inability to accurately reflect a mature ROAE for the newly converted thrift relative to other stock institutions.

 

The Bank’s core ROAE for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, was 0.96 percent based on its core earnings. In its most recent two fiscal years, the Bank's average ROAE was 1.33 percent, from a low of 1.02 percent in 2021 to a high of 1.63 percent in 2020.

 

The parameter range for ROAE for the comparable group, based on core income, is 15.00 percent or less with a midpoint of 7.50 percent.

 

Net Interest Margin

 

The Bank had a net interest margin of 2.24 percent for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, representing net interest income as a percentage of average interest-earning assets. The Bank's net interest margin levels in its two prior fiscal years of 2020 and 2021 were 2.94 percent and 2.73 percent, respectively, averaging 2.84 percent.

 

The parameter range for the selection of the comparable group is from a low of 1.40 percent to a high of 3.80 percent with a midpoint of 2.60 percent.

 

38

 

 

Operating Expenses to Assets

 

For the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, the Bank had a 2.24 percent ratio of operating expense to average assets. In its two prior fiscal years of 2020 to 2021, the Bank’s expense ratio averaged 2.11 percent, from a low of 2.05 percent in fiscal year 2021 to a high of 2.17 percent in fiscal year 2020.

 

The operating expense to assets parameter for the selection of the comparable group is from a low of 1.04 percent to a high of 5.60 percent with a midpoint of 3.32 percent.

 

Noninterest Income to Assets

 

Compared to publicly traded thrifts, the Bank has experienced a lower level of noninterest income as a source of additional income due to its gains on loans sold. The Bank’s ratio of noninterest income to average assets was 0.17 percent for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021. For its prior two fiscal years ended June 30, 2020 and 2021, the Bank’s ratios of noninterest income to average assets were 0.18 percent and 0.18 percent, respectively, for a two-year average of 0.18 percent.

 

The range for this parameter for the selection of the comparable group is 4.90 percent of average assets or less, with a midpoint of 2.45 percent.

 

39

 

 

ASSET QUALITY PARAMETERS

 

Introduction

 

The final set of financial parameters used in the selection of the comparable group are asset quality parameters, also shown in Exhibit 34. The purpose of these parameters is to insure that any thrift institution in the comparable group has an asset quality position similar to that of the Bank. The three defined asset quality parameters are the ratios of nonperforming assets to total assets, repossessed assets to total assets and loan loss reserves to total assets at the end of the most recent period.

 

Nonperforming Assets to Total Assets

 

The Bank’s ratio of nonperforming assets to assets was 0.12 percent at December 31, 2021, which was lower than the national average of 0.47 percent for publicly traded thrifts and the average of 0.53 percent for Midwest thrifts. The Bank’s ratio of nonperforming assets to total assets averaged 0.08 percent for its most recent two fiscal years ended June 30, 2021, from a high of 0.14 percent at June 30, 2021, to a low of 0.04 percent at June 30, 2020.

 

The comparable group parameter for nonperforming assets is 1.15 percent or less of total assets, with a midpoint of 0.58 percent.

 

Repossessed Assets to Assets

 

The Bank had no repossessed assets at December 31, 2021, representing a ratio to total assets of zero percent, following ratios of repossessed assets to total assets of zero percent and zero percent at June 30, 2020 and June 30, 2021, respectively. National and regional averages were 0.05 percent and 0.10 percent, respectively, for publicly traded thrift institutions.

 

40

 

 

Repossessed Assets to Assets (cont.)

 

The range for the repossessed assets to total assets parameter is 0.40 percent of assets or less with a midpoint of 0.20 percent.

 

Loans Loss Reserves to Assets

 

The Bank had an allowance for loan losses of $223,000, representing a loan loss allowance to total assets ratio of 0.16 percent at December 31, 2021, which was lower than its 0.18 percent ratio at June 30, 2021, and lower than its 0.19 percent ratio at June 30, 2020.

 

The loan loss allowance to assets parameter range used for the selection of the comparable group required a minimum ratio of 0.15 percent of assets.

 

THE COMPARABLE GROUP

 

With the application of the parameters previously identified and applied, the final comparable group represents ten institutions identified in Exhibits 33, 34 and 35. The comparable group institutions range in size from $248.6 million to $1.86 billion with an average asset size of $883.8 million and have an average of 11.0 offices per institution. Four of the comparable group institutions are in Pennsylvania, two in Illinois, and one each in Ohio, Indiana, Wisconsin and Washington, and all ten are traded on NASDAQ.

 

The comparable group institutions as a unit have a ratio of equity to assets of 12.45 percent, which is 8.4 percent higher than all publicly traded thrift institutions in the United States; and for the most recent four quarters indicated a core return on average assets of 0.77 percent, lower than all publicly traded thrifts at 0.94 percent and lower than the publicly traded Ohio thrifts at 0.91 percent.

 

41

 

 

IV.ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE

 

This section reviews and compares the financial performance of the Bank to all publicly traded thrifts, to publicly traded thrifts in the Midwest region and to Ohio thrifts, as well as to the ten institutions constituting the Bank’s comparable group, as selected and described in the previous section. The comparative analysis focuses on financial condition, earning performance and pertinent ratios as presented in Exhibits 36 through 41.

 

As presented in Exhibits 36 and 37, at December 31, 2021, the Bank’s total equity of 18.23 percent of assets was moderately above the comparable group at 12.45 percent, higher than all thrifts at 11.48 percent, Midwest thrifts at 11.89 percent and higher than Ohio thrifts at 12.86 percent. The Bank had an 55.88 percent share of net loans in its asset mix, lower than the comparable group at 57.50 percent, all thrifts at 64.72 percent and Midwest thrifts at 62.41 percent and lower than Ohio thrifts at 68.48 percent. The Bank had a higher 28.21 percent share of cash and investments with a lower 10.25 percent share of mortgage-backed securities. The comparable group had a lower 23.96 percent share of cash and investments and a higher 11.26 percent share of mortgage-backed securities. All thrifts had an 8.05 percent of assets in mortgage-backed securities and 18.61 percent in cash and investments. The Bank’s 81.03 percent share of deposits was higher than the comparable group, all thrifts, Midwest thrifts and Ohio thrifts, reflecting the Bank's much lower share of borrowed funds of zero percent and higher share of equity of 18.23 percent. As ratios to assets, the comparable group had deposits of 77.52 percent and borrowings of 8.73 percent. All thrifts averaged an 81.24 percent share of deposits and 5.84 percent of borrowed funds, while Midwest thrifts had an 81.65 percent share of deposits and a 5.24 percent share of borrowed funds. Ohio thrifts averaged an 80.04 percent share of deposits and a 5.22 percent share of borrowed funds. The Bank had no goodwill and intangible assets, compared to 0.31 percent for the comparable group, 0.71 percent for all thrifts, 0.36 percent for Midwest thrifts and 0.62 percent for Ohio thrifts.

 

42

 

 

Analysis of Financial Performance (cont.)

 

Operating performance indicators are summarized in Exhibits 38, 39 and 40 and provide a synopsis of key sources of income and key expense items for the Bank in comparison to the comparable group, all thrifts, and regional thrifts for the trailing four quarters.

 

As shown in Exhibit 40, for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, the Bank had a lower yield on average interest-earning assets relative to the comparable group, all thrifts, Midwest thrifts and Ohio thrifts. The Bank's yield on interest-earning assets was 2.55 percent compared to the comparable group at 3.24 percent, all thrifts at 3.66 percent, Midwest thrifts at 3.53 percent and Ohio thrifts at 3.78 percent.

 

The Bank's cost of funds for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, was also lower than the comparable group and all thrifts, Midwest thrifts, and Ohio thrifts. The Bank had an average cost of interest-bearing liabilities of 0.37 percent compared to 0.62 percent for the comparable group, 0.57 percent for all thrifts, 0.58 percent for Midwest thrifts and 0.70 percent for Ohio thrifts. The Bank's yield on interest-earning assets and cost of funds resulted in a net interest spread of 2.17 percent, which was lower than the comparable group at 2.62 percent, all thrifts at 3.09 percent, lower than Midwest thrifts at 2.96 percent and Ohio thrifts at 3.08 percent. The Bank generated a net interest margin of 2.24 percent for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, based on its ratio of net interest income to average interest-earning assets, which was lower than the comparable group ratio of 2.77 percent. All thrifts averaged a higher 3.19 percent net interest margin for the trailing four quarters, with Midwest thrifts at 3.06 percent, and Ohio thrifts averaged a higher 3.20 percent.

 

The Bank’s major source of earnings is interest income, as indicated by the operations ratios presented in Exhibit 42. The Bank had no provision for loan losses during the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, representing zero percent of average assets. The average provision for loan losses for the comparable group was 0.02 percent, with all thrifts at 0.02 percent, Midwest thrifts at (0.01) percent and Ohio thrifts at 0.01 percent.

 

43

 

 

Analysis of Financial Performance (cont.)

 

The Bank's total noninterest income was $220,000 or 0.17 percent of average assets for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021. The Bank's ratio of noninterest income to average assets was lower than the comparable group at 1.13 percent, and lower than all thrifts at 1.01 percent, Midwest thrifts at 1.30 percent and lower than Ohio thrifts at 1.78 percent. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, the Bank’s operating expense ratio was 2.24 percent of average assets, lower than the comparable group at 2.58 percent, all thrifts at 2.81 percent, Midwest thrifts at 3.13 percent, and Ohio thrifts at 3.48 percent.

 

The overall impact of the Bank’s income and expense ratios is reflected in its net income and return on assets. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, the Bank had a net ROAA of 0.03 and a core ROAA of 0.19 percent. For its most recent four quarters, the comparable group had a higher net ROAA of 0.83 percent and a higher core ROAA of 0.77 percent. All publicly traded thrifts averaged a higher net ROAA of 1.06 percent and a higher 0.94 percent core ROAA, with Midwest thrifts a 1.01 percent net ROAA and a 0.88 percent core ROAA. The twelve month net and core ROAA for the 10 Ohio thrifts was 0.95 percent and 0.91 percent, respectively.

 

44

 

 

V.MARKET VALUE ADJUSTMENTS

 

This is a conclusive section where adjustments are made to determine the pro forma market value or appraised value of the Corporation based on a comparison of Van Wert Federal with the comparable group. These adjustments will take into consideration such key items as earnings performance, primary market area, financial condition, asset and deposit growth, dividend payments, subscription interest, liquidity of the stock to be issued, management, and market conditions or marketing of the issue. It must be noted that all of the institutions in the comparable group have their differences among themselves and relative to the Bank, and, as a result, such adjustments become necessary.

 

EARNINGS PERFORMANCE

 

In analyzing earnings performance, consideration was given to net interest income, the amount and volatility of interest income and interest expense relative to changes in market area conditions and to changes in overall interest rates, the quality of assets as it relates to the presence of problem assets which may result in adjustments to earnings due to provisions for loan losses, the balance of current and historical nonperforming assets and real estate owned, the balance of valuation allowances to support any problem assets or nonperforming assets, the amount and volatility of noninterest income, and the amount and ratio of noninterest expenses. The earnings performance analysis was based on the Bank’s respective net and core earnings for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, with comparisons to the core earnings of the comparable group, all thrifts and other geographical subdivisions.

 

45

 

 

Earnings Performance (cont.)

 

As discussed earlier, the Bank has experienced increases in its assets in three of the past four fiscal years and in the six months ended December 31, 2021, and increases in loans in each of the past four fiscal years and in the six months ended December 31, 2021, and increases in deposits in three of the past four fiscal years and in the six months ended December 31, 2021, with increases experienced for assets and deposits in 2019, 2020 and 2021. The Bank has experienced lower and declining positive earnings in each of the past five fiscal years and a decrease in the six months ended December 31, 2021, and has focused on controlling its lower balance of nonperforming assets; monitoring its ratio of interest sensitive assets relative to interest sensitive liabilities by maintaining a moderate share of cash and investments and adjustable-rate loans, thereby maintaining its overall interest rate risk; reducing its cost of funds; maintaining its modest level of noninterest income; and monitoring its declining net interest margin. Historically, the Bank has been characterized with its lower yields and lower costs of funds, which have resulted in a lower net interest margin that has been historically much lower than industry averages due to its lower yield on earning assets even with its lower cost of funds, with the margin trend experiencing modest decrease over the past two fiscal years and in the six months ended December 31, 2021, with a 2.24 percent net interest margin for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, was lower than the industry average of 3.19 percent and lower than the comparable group average of 2.77 percent. During its prior two fiscal years, Van Wert Federal’s net interest margin has decreased from 2.98 percent in fiscal year 2020 to 2.72 percent in 2021. The Bank’s cost of funds decreased to 0.37 percent for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, which was lower than the average of 0.62 percent for the comparable group and lower than the average of 0.57 percent for all thrifts. Following the conversion, the Bank will continue to control its operating expenses, strive to increase its net interest margin, strive to increase its noninterest income, gradually increase its core net income, increase its return on assets, continue to control its balance of nonperforming and classified assets, and closely monitor its interest rate risk.

 

46

 

 

 

Earnings Performance (cont.)

 

From June 30, 2020, to December 31, 2021, one- to four-family loans and commercial real estate loans, multi-family loans, commercial business loans, home equity loans and consumer loans have experienced various movements in their balances. One- to four-family loans, commercial real estate loans and agricultural loans indicated dollar increases of $6.0 million, $1.1 million and $670,000, respectively, from June 30, 2020, to December 31, 2021. One- to four-family loans increased in dollars by $2.0 million or 3.3 percent from June 30, 2021, to December 31, 2021. Commercial real estate loans increased by $903,000 or 13.8 percent from June 30, 2021, to December 31, 2021. Agricultural loans increased $327,000 or 11.0 percent from June 30, 2021, through December 31, 2021. Overall the Bank’s lending activities resulted in a total loan increase of $9.1 million or 2.9 percent and a net loan increase of $7.9 million or 11.4 percent from June 30, 2020, to December 31, 2021.

 

The impact of Van Wert Federal’s primary lending efforts has been to generate a yield on average interest-earning assets of a lower 2.55 percent for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, compared to a higher 3.24 percent for the comparable group, 3.66 percent for all thrifts and 3.53 percent for Midwest thrifts. The Bank’s ratio of interest income to average assets was a lower 2.38 percent for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, lower than the comparable group at 2.96 percent, all thrifts at 3.35 percent and Midwest thrifts at 3.20 percent, reflecting the Bank's lower yield.

 

Van Wert Federal’s 0.37 percent cost of interest-bearing liabilities for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, was lower than the comparable group at 0.62 percent, lower than all thrifts at 0.57 percent, lower than Midwest thrifts at 0.58 percent and lower than Ohio thrifts at 0.70 percent. The Bank's resulting net interest spread of 2.17 percent for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, was lower the comparable group at 2.62 percent and lower than all thrifts at 3.09 percent, Midwest thrifts at 2.96 percent and Ohio thrifts at 3.08 percent. The Bank's net interest margin of 2.24 percent, based on average interest-earning assets for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, was lower than the comparable group at 2.77 percent, lower than all thrifts at 3.19 percent, Midwest thrifts at 3.06 percent and Ohio thrifts at 3.20 percent.

 

The Bank's ratio of noninterest income to average assets was a much lower 0.17 percent for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, which was lower than the comparable group at 1.13 percent, lower than all thrifts at 1.01 percent and Midwest thrifts at 1.30 percent.

 

47

 

 

Earnings Performance (cont.)

 

The Bank's operating expenses were lower than the comparable group, all thrifts, Midwest thrifts and Ohio thrifts. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, Van Wert Federal had an operating expenses to average assets ratio of 2.24 percent, compared to 2.58 percent for the comparable group, 2.81 percent for all thrifts, 3.13 percent for Midwest thrifts and 3.48 percent for Ohio thrifts. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, Van Wert Federal generated a lower ratio of noninterest income, a lower ratio of noninterest expenses and a much lower net interest margin relative to its comparable group.

 

The Bank had zero percent in provision for loan losses during the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, compared to the comparable group at 0.02 percent of assets, all thrifts at 0.02 percent and Midwest thrifts at (0.01) percent. The Bank’s allowance for loan losses to total loans of 0.29 percent was much lower than the comparable group and much lower than all thrifts. The Bank’s reserves to nonperforming assets was 138.51 percent relative to the comparable group at 181.53 percent and all thrifts at 265.07 percent.

 

As a result of its operations, the Bank's core income for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, was lower than the comparable group and its net income was also lower. Based on net earnings, the Bank had a return on average assets of 0.03 percent for the year ended December 31, 2021, and a return on average assets of 0.20 percent and 0.34 percent in fiscal years 2021 and 2020, respectively. The Bank’s core return on average assets was 0.19 percent for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, as detailed in Exhibit 7. For their most recent four quarters, the comparable group had a higher net ROAA of 0.83 percent and a higher core ROAA of 0.77 percent, while all thrifts indicated a higher net ROAA and higher core ROAA of 1.06 percent and 0.94 percent, respectively. Midwest thrifts indicated a net ROAA of 1.01 percent and a core ROAA of 0.88 percent.

 

48

 

 

Earnings Performance (cont.)

 

Following its conversion, Van Wert Federal’s earnings will continue to be dependent on a combination of the overall trends in interest rates, the consistency, reliability and variation of its net interest income, noninterest income, overhead expenses and its asset quality and its future needs for provisions for loan losses. Earnings are projected to represent a (1.63) percent ROAA in 2022 and then 0.40 percent in 2023. The Bank’s ratio of noninterest income to average assets was 0.18 percent in fiscal 2020 to 2021. Overhead expenses indicated a minimal decrease overall during the past two fiscal years.

 

In recognition of the foregoing earnings related factors, considering Van Wert Federal’s historical and current performance measures, as well as Business Plan projections, a downward adjustment has been made to the Corporation’s pro forma market value for earnings performance.

 

49

 

 

MARKET AREA

 

Van Wert Federal’s market area is focused on Van Wert, Ohio, where the Bank’s office is located. The population trends indicate decreases in Van Wert County from 2000 through 2026 projections, while Ohio and the United States increased in population.

 

Van Wert had lower per capita and lower median household income than all other areas. In 2010, median housing values were $86,986 in Van Wert, $134,400 in Ohio and $179,900 in the United States. In 2021, median housing values increased to $117,440, $163,017, and $227,827, with Van Wert County continuing to stay lower than Ohio and the United States.

 

Also, Van Wert County has been characterized with lower unemployment rates than the state and national unemployment rates. The 2021 unemployment rates were 3.8 percent in Van Wert County, 4.9 percent in Ohio and 5.4 percent in the United States.

 

The Bank held 38.4 percent of the total thrift deposits in the market area as of June 30, 2021, which represented a 15.7 percent share of the total deposit base of $647.5 million.

 

In recognition of the foregoing factors, we believe that a downward adjustment is warranted for the Bank’s market area.

 

50

 

 

FINANCIAL CONDITION

 

The financial condition of Van Wert Federal is discussed in Section I and shown in Exhibits 1, 2, 5, and 12 through 19, and is compared to the comparable group in Exhibits 35, 36, and 37. The Bank's ratio of total equity to total assets was 18.23 percent at December 31, 2021, which was above the comparable group at 12.45 percent and higher than all thrifts at 11.48 percent and Ohio thrifts at 12.86 percent. Based on the conversion completed at the midpoint of the valuation range, the Corporation's pro forma equity to assets ratio will be 30.23 percent, and the Bank's pro forma equity to assets ratio will increase to 24.86 percent.

 

The Bank's mix of assets and liabilities indicates both similarities to and variations from its comparable group. Van Wert Federal had a lower 55.88 percent ratio of net loans to total assets at December 31, 2021, compared to the comparable group at 57.5 percent. All thrifts indicated a higher 64.7 percent, as did Midwest thrifts at 62.4percent. The Bank's 28.21 percent share of cash and investments, excluding mortgage-backed securities, was higher than the comparable group at 23.96 percent, while all thrifts were at 18.61 percent and Midwest thrifts were at 20.88 percent. Van Wert Federal’s 10.25 percent of mortgage-backed securities was modestly lower than the comparable group at 11.26 percent and higher than all thrifts at 8.05 percent and higher than Midwest thrifts at 6.76 percent.

 

The Bank's 81.03 percent ratio of deposits to total assets was higher than the comparable group at 77.52 percent, lower than all thrifts at 81.24 percent and lower than Midwest thrifts at 81.65 percent. Van Wert Federal’s higher ratio of deposits was due to its lower share of borrowed funds. Van Wert Federal had a higher equity to asset ratio of 18.23 percent, compared to the comparable group at 12.45 percent of total assets, with all thrifts at 11.48 percent and Midwest thrifts at 11.89 percent. Van Wert Federal had a lower share of borrowed funds to assets of zero percent at December 31, 2021, moderately lower than the comparable group at 8.73 percent and lower than all thrifts at 5.84 percent and lower than Midwest thrifts at 5.24 percent. In fiscal year 2021, total deposits increased by $7.1 million or 7.6 percent and increased from $93.8 million to $100.9 million. During fiscal year 2020, Van Wert Federal’s deposits increased by $4.0 million or 4.4 percent from $89.8 million to $93.8 million.

 

51

 

 

Financial Condition (cont.)

 

Van Wert Federal had no assets in combined goodwill and intangible assets and had a lower share of repossessed real estate at December 31, 2021. The Bank also had no repossessed real estate or zero percent of assets at December 31, 2020. This compares to ratios of 0.31 percent for goodwill and intangible assets and 0.05 percent for real estate owned for the comparable group. All thrifts had a goodwill and intangible assets ratio of 0.71 percent and a real estate owned ratio of 0.05 percent.

 

The financial condition of Van Wert Federal is impacted by its lower than average balance of nonperforming assets of 0.12 percent of total assets at December 31, 2021, compared to a higher 0.33 percent for the comparable group, 0.47 percent for all thrifts, 0.53 percent for Midwest thrifts and a higher 0.45 percent for Ohio thrifts. The Bank's ratio of nonperforming assets to total assets was 0.04 percent at June 30, 2020, and 0.14 percent at June 30, 2021.

 

At December 31, 2021, Van Wert Federal had $223,000 of allowances for loan losses, which represented a lower 0.16 percent of assets and 0.29 percent of total loans. The comparable group indicated higher allowance ratios, relative to assets and loans, equal to 0.66 percent of assets and 1.02 percent of total loans, while all thrifts had allowances relative to assets and loans that averaged a higher 0.74 percent of assets and a higher 1.09 percent of total loans. Also of major importance is an institution's ratio of allowances for loan losses to nonperforming assets, since a portion of nonperforming assets might eventually be charged off. Van Wert Federal’s $223,000 of allowances for loan losses, relative to its $161,000 in nonperforming assets at December 31, 2021, was 138.51 percent, compared to the comparable group's 181.53 percent, with all thrifts at 265.07 percent, Midwest thrifts at 229.54 percent and Ohio thrifts at 401.27 percent. Van Wert Federal’s ratio of net charge-offs to average total loans was zero percent for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, compared to a higher 0.03 percent for the comparable group, 0.07 percent for all thrifts and 0.04 percent for Midwest thrifts.

 

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Financial Condition (cont.)

 

Van Wert Federal has a modest level of interest rate risk. The change in the Bank’ s EVE level at December 31, 2021, reflecting the most current information available, based on a rise in interest rates of 100 basis points was a 0.23 percent increase, representing a dollar increase in equity value of $67,000. The Bank’s exposure increases to a 4.73 percent decrease in its EVE level under a 200 basis point rise in rates, representing a dollar decrease in equity of $1,353,000. The Bank’s post shock EVE ratio at December 31, 2021, assuming a 200 basis point rise in interest rates was 20.30 percent and indicated a 3 basis point increase from its 20.27 percent based on no change in interest rates.

 

Compared to the comparable group, with particular attention to the Bank’s equity level, asset quality position level, lower level of allowance for loan loss, and asset and liability mix, we believe that a modest upward adjustment is warranted for Van Wert Federal’s current financial condition, due to the Bank’s higher equity position, recognizing its recently rising share of nonperforming assets and lower share of allowance for loan losses to loans, higher share of cash and investments, and lower level of interest rate risk.

 

53

 

 

ASSET, LOAN AND DEPOSIT GROWTH

 

During its most recent two fiscal years and in the six months ended December 31, 2021, Van Wert Federal has been characterized by moderate changes in assets, loans and deposits relative to its comparable group. The Bank’s average annual asset change from June 30, 2020, to December 31, 2021, was an increase of 8.0 percent. This increase compares to a similar 7.8 percent increase for the comparable group, a lower 6.8 percent for all thrifts, and a similar 7.4 percent for Midwest thrifts. The Bank’s increase in assets is reflective of its average annual increases in loans and deposits of 6.21 percent and 10.0 percent, respectively. Van Wert Federal’s deposits indicate an annual increase of 8.5 percent from December 31, 2018, to December 31, 2021, compared to average growth rates of 8.8 percent for the comparable group, 7.8 percent for all thrifts and 8.2 percent for Midwest thrifts.

 

Van Wert Federal’s deposits indicated an increase of 14.7 percent from calendar 2020 to 2021. Annual deposit change was growth rates of 12.8 percent for the comparable group, 9.2 percent for all thrifts and 13.8 percent for Midwest thrifts. The Bank had no borrowed funds or zero percent of assets at December 31, 2021, compared to the comparable group at 8.7 percent and had no borrowed funds for the Bank at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2020.

 

Recognizing its stronger increase in deposits in 2021, after moderate growth in 2020 and a modest growth in 2019, and considering the demographics, competition and deposit base trends in its market area, the Bank’s ability to increase its asset, loan and deposit bases in the future is somewhat limited, with its ability to increase its market share by competitively pricing its loan and deposit products, maintaining a high quality of service to its customers and strengthening its loan origination activity. Van Wert Federal’s primary market area county of Van Wert experienced decreases in population and households between 2000 and 2010 with a population decrease from 2010 to 2021 of a 1.2 percent. The Bank’s primary market area county also indicated 2010 per capita income modestly below Ohio’s and moderately below that of the United States, and the median household income level in Van Wert County was below the state level and below the national level in 2010. In 2010, the median housing value in Van Wert County at $86,986 was well below that of Ohio at $134,400 and lower than the United States at $179,900, with median rents lower than both.

 

54

 

 

Asset, Loan and Deposit Growth (cont.)

 

The total deposit base in Van Wert County increased by 7.3 percent from June 30, 2020, to June 30, 2021. In June 30, 2021, Van Wert Federal’s market share of thrift deposits in Van Wert County was 38.4 percent, decreasing from 39.4 percent in 2020.

 

Based on all the foregoing factors, we have concluded that a moderate downward adjustment to the Corporation’s pro forma value is warranted for asset, loan and deposit growth.

 

DIVIDEND PAYMENTS

 

The Corporation has no plans to pay an initial cash dividend. The payment of cash dividends will depend upon such factors as earnings performance, financial condition, capital position, growth, asset quality and regulatory limitations. Seven of the ten institutions in the comparable group paid cash dividends during the most recent twelve months for an average dividend yield of 1.65 percent and an average payout ratio of 24.11 percent. During that twelve month period, the average dividend yield was 2.34 percent for the eleven Ohio thrifts; and the average dividend yield was 2.53 percent and the average payout ratio was 21.33 percent for all thrifts.

 

In our opinion, a downward adjustment to the pro forma market value of the Corporation is warranted related to dividend payments.

 

55

 

 

SUBSCRIPTION INTEREST

 

In 2021, investors' interest in financial institution new issues experienced modest activity followed by a downward pricing trend in early 2022. Such decline is possibly related to the volatility in financial institution stocks and the lower interest rate environment. The selective and conservative reaction of IPO investors appears generally to be related to a number of analytical, economic and market-related factors, including the financial performance and condition of the converting thrift institution, the strength of the local market and the national economy, housing market conditions, general market conditions for financial institution stocks and stocks overall, aftermarket price trends and the expectation of increased merger/acquisition activity in the thrift industry and their higher pricing multiples.

 

Van Wert Federal will direct its offering initially to depositors and residents in its market area. The board of directors and officers anticipate purchasing approximately $4.8 million or 22.1 percent of the stock offered to the public based on the appraised midpoint valuation. The Bank will form an ESOP, which plans to purchase 8.0 percent of the total shares issued in the conversion.

 

The Bank has secured the services of Performance Trust Capital Partner, LLC, to assist in the marketing and sale of the conversion stock.

 

Based on the size of the offering, recent banking conditions, current market conditions, current turbulent international conditions in Ukraine, the terms of the offering, recent subscription levels for conversions, and aftermarket performance, we believe that a downward adjustment is warranted for the Bank’s anticipated subscription interest.

 

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LIQUIDITY OF THE STOCK

 

The Corporation will offer its shares through a subscription and community offering with the assistance of Performance Trust Capital Partner, LLC. The stock of the Corporation will be traded on OTC Pink Marketplace.

 

The Bank's total public offering is considerably smaller in size than the average market value of the comparable group. The comparable group has an average market value of $94.6 million for the stock outstanding compared to a midpoint value of $22.0 million for the Corporation, including the ESOP of 176,000 shares, and the estimated 480,000 shares to be purchased by senior officers and directors. The Corporation’s public market capitalization will be approximately 23.3 percent of the size of the public market capitalization of the comparable group. Of the ten institutions in the comparable group, all trade on NASDAQ with those ten institutions indicating an average daily trading volume of over 5,879 shares during the last four quarters.

 

The comparable group has an average of 6,154,847 shares outstanding compared to 2,200,000 shares outstanding for the Corporation based on the midpoint valuation.

 

Based on the average market capitalization, shares outstanding and daily trading volume of the comparable group, we have concluded that a moderate downward adjustment to the Corporation’s pro forma market value is warranted relative to the liquidity of its stock.

 

MANAGEMENT

 

The chairman of the board is Gary Clay who joined the Bank in 1977. He has served as chairman of the board since 2019. Mr. Clay joined the Bank in 1977 and served as president and CEO from 2006 to 2019. His extensive community banking experience and knowledge of Van Wert Federal’s business and market area provides the board of directors with valuable insight into the business of Van Wert Federal.

 

57

 

 

Management (cont.)

 

Mr. Mark K. Schumm, age 50, joined Van Wert Federal in 2007. He is currently president and chief executive officer, positions he has held since 2019. The Bank is now seeking a new president and chief executive officer, and Mr. Schumm will become the new chief operating officer and chief risk officer.

 

Ms. Kylee Moody, age 40, has served as treasurer and chief financial officer of Van Wert Federal since 2015 and joined the Bank in 2012.

 

Mr. George R. Scott, III has served as vice president and senior lending officer since joining Van Wert Federal in 2017. He is the son-in-law of Mr. Clay.

 

During its two most recent fiscal years and the subsequent six months, Van Wert Federal has experienced a decrease in its net interest spread and experienced a lower level of core noninterest income. The Bank experienced lower positive earnings in 2020 and a decrease in 2021 and negative in the six months ended December 31, 2021. The Bank’s asset quality position has remained favorable in 2020 and 2021, and the six months ended December 31, 2021 with nonperforming assets being lower than industry overages. Van Wert Federal’s interest rate risk has been modest, primarily as a result of its higher equity position along with a higher share of fixed-rate one- to four-family mortgage loans of 66.3 percent of total loans. The Bank’s core earnings and core return on assets have been below industry averages, along with its net interest margin, impacted by a lower yield on earning assets. Management is confident that the Bank is positioned for rising earnings following its conversion, with plans to employ a new chief executive officer in the next few months.

 

Overall, we believe the Bank to be professionally and knowledgeably managed, as are the comparable group institutions. It is our opinion that no adjustment to the pro forma market value of the Corporation is warranted for management.

 

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MARKETING OF THE ISSUE

 

The necessity to build a new issue discount into the stock price of a new conversion continues to be a closely examined issue in recognition of uncertainty among investors as a result of the thrift industry's continued high level of competition, dependence on interest rate trends, volatility in the stock market, speculation on future changes, current legislation related to the regulation of financial institutions, and their restrictions to generating selected income.

 

We believe that a new issue discount applied to the price to book valuation approach is appropriate and necessary in this offering, recognizing the Bank’s volatile earnings. In our opinion, recent market trends cause us to conclude that a moderate new issue discount is warranted in the case of this offering. Consequently, at this time we have made a moderate downward adjustment to the Corporation's pro forma market value related to a new issue discount.

 

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VI.VALUATION APPROACH, METHODS AND CONCLUSION

 

Valuation Approach

 

Historically, the most frequently used method for determining the pro forma market value of common stock for thrift institutions by this firm has been the price to book value ratio method, due to the volatility of earnings in the thrift industry. As earnings in the thrift industry have improved, more emphasis has been placed on the price to earnings method, particularly considering increases in stock prices during these last two years. However, as provisions for loan losses decreased significantly and became negative for some, the price to book value method continues to be pertinent and meaningful in the objective of discerning commonality and comparability among institutions. In determining the pro forma market value of the Corporation, primary emphasis has been placed on the price to book value method, with additional analytical and correlative attention to the price to earnings method and the price to assets method.

 

In recognition of the volatility and variance in earnings, the continued differences in asset and liability repricing and the frequent disparity in value between the price to book approach and the price to earnings approach, a third valuation method, the price to net assets method, has also been used. The price to assets method is used less often for valuing ongoing institutions, but becomes more useful in valuing converting institutions when the equity position and earnings performance of the institutions under consideration are different.

 

In addition to the pro forma market value, we have defined a valuation range with the minimum of the range being 85.0 percent of the pro forma market value, the maximum of the range being 115.0 percent of the pro forma market value and the super maximum being 115.0 percent of the maximum. The pro forma market value or appraised value will also be referred to as the “midpoint value.”

 

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Introduction (cont.)

 

In applying each of the valuation methods, consideration was given to the adjustments to the Bank's pro forma market value discussed in Section V. Downward adjustments were made for the Bank’s earnings, liquidity of the stock, dividend, subscription interest, asset, loan and deposit growth, marketing of the issue and market area. No adjustments were made for the Bank’s management and financial condition.

 

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PRICE TO BOOK VALUE METHOD

 

In the valuation of thrift institutions, the price to book value method focuses on an institution's financial condition, and does not give as much consideration to the institution's long term performance and value as measured by earnings. Due to the earnings volatility of many thrift stocks, the price to book value method is frequently used by investors who rely on an institution's financial condition rather than earnings performance. Although this method is, under certain circumstances, considered somewhat less meaningful for institutions that provide a consistent earnings trend, it remains significant and reliable when an institution’s performance or general economic conditions are experiencing volatile or uncustomary trends related to internal or external factors, and serves as a complementary and correlative analysis to the price to earnings and price to assets approaches.

 

The pro forma equity used in the valuation was $22,833,000, which is based on the Bank’s December 31, 2021, equity level, which is based on the Bank’s actual equity of $25,252,000 less the after-tax cost of $2,419,000 for the Bank to withdraw from its defined benefit plan. The Bank’s tangible equity was an identical $22,833,000.

 

Exhibit 43 shows the average and median price to book value ratios for the comparable group which were 99.61 percent and 99.91 percent, respectively. The full comparable group indicated a moderate pricing range, from a low of 83.21 percent (Prudential Bancorp) to a high of 117.90 percent (Cincinnati Bancorp). The comparable group had higher average and median price to tangible book value ratios of 104.62 percent and 106.19 percent, respectively, with a range of 87.06 percent to 127.35 percent. Excluding the low and the high in the group, the comparable group's price to book value ratio range narrowed to a low of 87.06 percent and a high of 111.69 percent, and the comparable group’s price to tangible book value ratio range also narrowed modestly from a low of 87.56 percent to a high of 114.61 percent.

 

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Price to Book Value Method (cont.)

 

Considering the foregoing factors in conjunction with the adjustments made in Section V, we have determined a fully converted pro forma price to book value ratio of 54.38 percent and a price to tangible book value ratio of 54.38 percent at the midpoint. The price to book value ratio increases from 49.80 percent at the minimum to 62.27 percent at the super maximum, while the price to tangible book value ratio increases from 49.80 percent at the minimum to 62.27 percent at the super maximum.

 

The Corporation's pro forma price to book value and price to tangible book value ratios of 54.38 percent and 54.38 percent, respectively, as calculated using the prescribed formulary computation indicated in Exhibit 42, are influenced by the Bank's capitalization, asset quality position, earnings performance, ESOP level, local market and public interest, as well as subscription interest in thrift stocks and overall market and economic conditions. The Corporation's ratio of equity to assets after conversion at the midpoint of the valuation range will be approximately 25.90 percent compared to 12.45 percent for the comparable group (reference Exhibit 43). Based on the price to book value ratio and the Bank's total pro forma equity of $22,833,000 at December 31, 2021, the indicated pro forma market value of the Corporation using this approach is $22,000,000 at the midpoint, including 20,000 shares to be issued to the newly formed foundation (reference Exhibit 42).

 

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PRICE TO CORE EARNINGS METHOD

 

The foundation of the price to core earnings method is the determination of the core earnings based to be used, followed by the calculation of an appropriate price to core earnings multiple. The Corporation’s after tax core earnings for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, were $244,000 (reference Exhibit 7) and its net earnings were $35,000 for that period. Due to a low level of earnings and resultant very high price to earnings multiple, it was deemed appropriate not to use this price to core earnings approach and deem it not meaningful.

 

Due to the importance of recognizing the earnings position of the comparable group and the industry, we will discuss these performance measures in the industry and with the comparable group. As indicated in Exhibit 42, the average price to core earnings multiple for the comparable group was 18.18, while the median was a lower 15.51. The average price to net earnings multiple was 16.87, and the median multiple was 13.42. The range of the price to core earnings multiple for the comparable group was from a low of 8.04 to a high of 34.71. The range in the price to core earnings multiple for the comparable group, excluding the high and low ranges, was from a low multiple of 10.39 to a high of 29.23 times earnings for eight of the ten institutions in the group, indicating a modest narrowing of the range. For all thrifts, the average price to core earnings multiple was 14.00 with a median of 12.58 and a higher 21.11 average for Ohio thrifts with a median of a much lower 10.51.

 

PRICE TO ASSETS METHOD

 

The final valuation method is the price to assets method. This method is not frequently used, since the calculation incorporates neither an institution's equity position nor its earnings base. Additionally, the prescribed formulary computation of value using the pro forma price to assets method does not recognize the runoff of deposits concurrently allocated to the purchase of conversion stock, returning a pro forma price to assets ratio below its true level following conversion.

 

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Price to Assets Method (cont.)

 

Exhibit 43 indicates that the average price to assets ratio for the comparable group was 12.63 percent and the median was 9.93 percent. The range in the price to assets ratios for the comparable group varied from a low of 8.32 percent (WVS Financial Corp.) to a high of 23.36 percent (FFBW Inc.). The range narrows modestly with the elimination of the two extremes in the group to a low of 8.88 percent and a high of 18.87 percent.

 

Consistent with the previously noted adjustments, it is our opinion that an appropriate price to assets ratio for the Corporation is 14.09 percent at the midpoint, which ranges from a low of 12.20 percent at the minimum to 17.91 percent at the super maximum. Based on the Bank's December 31, 2021, asset base of $138,553,000, the indicated pro forma market value of the Corporation using the price to assets method is $22,000,000 at the midpoint (reference Exhibit 41).

 

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VALUATION CONCLUSION

 

Exhibit 48 provides a summary of the valuation premium or discount for each of the valuation ranges when compared to the comparable group based on each of the fully converted valuation approaches. At the midpoint value, the price to book value ratio of 54.38 percent for the Corporation represents a discount of 45.41 percent relative to the comparable group and decreases to a discount of 37.49 percent at the super maximum. The price to assets ratio of 14.09 percent at the midpoint represents a premium of 11.56 percent, increasing to a premium of 41.81 percent at the super maximum. The price to core earnings multiple was not meaningful for the Corporation.

 

It is our opinion that as of February 18, 2022, the pro forma market value of the Corporation is $22,000,000 at the midpoint, representing 2,200,000 shares at $10.00 per share, including 20,000 shares to be issued to the newly formed foundation. The pro forma valuation range of the Corporation is from a minimum of $18,700,000 or 1,870,000 shares at $10.00 per share to a maximum of $25,300,000 or 2,530,000 shares at $10.00 per share, and then to a super maximum of $29,095,000 or 2,909,500 shares at $10.00 a share, with such range being defined as 15 percent below the appraised value to 15 percent above the appraised value and then 15 percent above the maximum.

 

The appraised value of VWF Bancorp, Inc., as of February 18, 2022, is $22,000,000 at the midpoint.

 

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EXHIBITS

 

67

 

 

NUMERICAL

 

EXHIBITS

 

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EXHIBIT 1

 

VAN WERT FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK

Van Wert, Ohio

 

Balance Sheet

At December 31, 2021 and June 30, 2021

 

 

   At December 31,   At June 30, 
   2021   2021 
   (Unaudited)     
ASSETS          
Cash and due from banks  $31,549,304   $11,660,839 
Interest-bearing time deposits   3,420,000    4,890,000 
Available-for-sale debt securities   18,310,171    28,526,420 
Loans receivable, net of allowance of $222,884 at December 31, 2021 and June 30, 2021   77,419,787    74,384,207 
Premises and equipment, net   1,395,784    1,421,166 
Federal Home Loan Bank stock   1,012,900    1,012,900 
Bank owned life insurance   5,058,567    5,003,803 
Accrued interest receivable   198,121    193,018 
Other assets   188,380    134,596 
           
Total assets  $138,553,014   $127,226,949 
           
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY          
           
LIABILITIES          
Deposits          
Demand  $27,211,074   $19,237,348 
Savings   47,821,779    43,184,282 
Time   37,241,539    38,501,260 
Total deposits   112,274,392    100,922,890 
Advances from borrowers for taxes and insurance   729,686    579,312 
Accrued interest payable and other liabilities   296,512    328,771 
Total liabilities   113,300,590    101,830,973 
           
EQUITY          
Retained earnings   25,363,218    25,471,008 
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income   (110,794)   (75,032)
Total equity   25,252,424    25,395,976 
           
Total liabilities and equity  $138,553,014   $127,226,949 

 

Source:  Van Wert Federal Savings Bank's unaudited and audited financial statement

 

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EXHIBIT 2

 

VAN WERT FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK

Van Wert, Ohio

 

Balance Sheets

At June 30, 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020

 

   June 30, 
   2020   2019   2018   2017 
ASSETS                    
Cash and due from banks   23,773,919   $4,849,042   $5,320,007   $9,554,839 
Interest-bearing time deposits   8,075,000    8,105,000    7,305,000    6,810,000 
Available-for-sale debt securities   11,063,796    27,724,983    29,975,811    34,119,129 
Loans, net of allowance for loan losses of $222,884 at June 30, 2020, 2019, 2018 and 2017   69,495,771    67,065,220    62,617,795    60,778,891 
Premises and equipment, net   1,451,100    1,507,746    1,524,881    1,186,834 
Federal Home Loan Bank stock   1,012,900    1,012,900    1,012,900    1,012,900 
Bank owned life insurance   4,892,967    4,775,316    4,362,710    3,658,675 
Accrued interest receivable   221,344    324,778    253,878    218,544 
Other assets   175,784    162,981    200,745    189,170 
Total assets  $120,162,581   $115,527,966   $112,573,727   $117,528,982 
                     
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY                    
LIABILITIES                    
Deposits                    
Demand  $16,972,408   $13,062,988   $12,642,990   $12,523,091 
Savings   35,386,095    32,887,401    33,538,363    32,947,597 
Time   41,434,177    43,865,322    41,778,672    47,261,603 
Total deposits  $93,792,680   $89,815,711   $87,960,025   $92,732,291 
Advances from borrowers for taxes and insurance   594,412    510,374    570,831    617,832 
Accrued interest payable and other liabilities   413,266    389,010    160,029    289,556 
Total liabilities   94,800,358    90,715,095    88,690,885    93,639,679 
                     
EQUITY                    
Retained earnings   25,277,733    24,866,536    24,387,796    23,996,058 
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income  $84,490    (53,665)   (504,954)   (106,755)
                     
Total equity   25,362,223    24,812,871    23,882,842    23,889,303 
                     
Total liabilities and retained earnings  $120,162,581   $115,527,966   $112,573,727   $117,528,982 

 

Source:  Van Wert Federal Savings Bank's audited financial statements

 

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EXHIBIT 3

 

VAN WERT FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK

Van Wert, Ohio

 

Statements of Income

For the Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2021 and the Year Ended June 30, 2021

 

   Twelve Months     
   Ended   Year Ended 
   December 31,   June 30, 
   2021   2021 
Interest income:          
Loans  $2,728,194   $2,746,377 
Investment securities   283,069    206,720 
Interest-bearing deposits and other   117,631    157,247 
Total interest income   3,128,894    3,110,344 
           
Interest expense:          
Deposits   380,255    452,904 
Federal Home Loan Bank advances   1    2 
Total interest expense   380,256    452,906 
           
Net interest income   2,748,638    2,657,438 
           
Provision for loan losses   0    0 
           
Net interest income after provision for loan losses   2,748,638    2,657,438 
           
Noninterest income:          
Bank owned life insurance   109,312    110,836 
Other income   110,230    103,143 
Total noninterest income   219,542    213,979 
           
Noninterest expense:          
Salaries and employee benefits   1,401,151    1,368,035 
Directors fees   199,500    202,667 
Occupancy and equipment   181,851    181,507 
Data processing fees   220,830    204,906 
Franchise taxes   139,485    134,936 
FDIC insurance premiums   31,310    25,230 
Professional services   138,623    140,824 
Loss on sale of investment securities   291,198    -- 
Other   346,570    320,325 
Total noninterest expense   2,950,518    2,578,430 
           
Income (loss) before income taxes   17,662    292,987 
           
Provision(benefit) for income taxes)   (17,083)   35,223 
           
Net income (loss)  $34,745   $257,764 

 

Source:  Van Wert Federal Savings Bank unaudited and audited financial statements

 

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EXHIBIT 4

 

VAN WERT FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK

Van Wert, Ohio

 

Statements of Income

Years Ended June 30, 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020

 

   June 30, 
   2020   2019   2018   2017 
Interest and dividend income                    
Loans  $2,872,360   $2,677,638   $2,519,560   $2,620,126 
Securities and other   715,274    851,807    752,227    622,637 
Total interest and dividend income   3,587,634    3,529,445    3,271,787    3,242,763 
                     
Interest expense:                    
Deposits   721,052    607,890    498,633    514,938 
Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank   11    7    0    7 
Total interest expense   721,063    607,897    498,633    514,945 
                     
Net interest income   2,866,571    2,921,548    2,773,154    2,727,818 
                     
Provision for loan losses   0    0    0    36,995 
                     
Net interest income after provision for loan losses   2,866,571    2,921,548    2,773,154    2,690,823 
                     
Noninterest income:                    
Bank owned life insurance income   117,652    112,605    104,036    106,132 
Other income   96,910    105,614    113,472    94,616 
Total noninterest income   214,562    218,219    217,508    200,748 
                     
Noninterest expense:                    
Salaries and employee benefits   1,436,228    1,390,330    1,339,235    1,284,367 
Net occupancy and equipment expense   185,271    193,263    167,044    142,679 
Data processing fees   154,333    138,250    144,650    124,000 
Professional fees   195,952    184,294    175,863    165,949 
Franchise taxes   2,267    29,100    33,600    29,800 
Loss on sale of foreclosed assets   --    --    47,524    12,628 
State franchise taxes   165,132    194,918    --    -- 
FDIC insurance premiums   142,298    142,434    159,893    169,981 
Other   310,966    283,253    321,257    313,834 
Total noninterest expense   2,592,447    2,555,842    2,389,066    2,243,238 
                     
Income before income taxes   488,686    583,925    601,596    648,333 
                     
Income tax expense   77,489    105,185    48,958    120,714 
                     
Net income  $411,197   $478,740   $552,638   $527,619 

 

Source:  Van Wert Federal Savings Bank's audited financial statements

 

72

 

 

EXHIBIT  5

 

Selected Financial Information

At December 31, 2021, and at June 30, 2020 and 2021

 

   At     
   December 31,   At June 30, 
   2021   2021   2020 
Selected Financial Condition Data:               
                
Total assets  $138,553,014   $127,226,949   $120,162,581 
Cash and cash equivalents   31,549,304    11,660,839    23,773,919 
Interest-bearing time deposits   3,420,000    4,890,000    8,075,000 
Available-for-sale securities   18,310,171    28,526,420    11,063,796 
Loans, net   77,419,787    74,384,207    69,495,771 
Premises and equipment, net   1,395,784    1,421,166    1,451,100 
Federal Home Loan Bank stock   1,012,900    1,012,900    1,012,900 
Bank-owned life insurance   5,058,567    5,003,803    4,892,967 
Total deposits   112,274,392    100,922,890    93,792,680 
Total equity   25,252,424    25,395,976    25,362,223 

 

Source:  VWF Bancorp, Inc.'s Prospectus

 

73

 

 

EXHIBIT 6

 

Income and Expense Trends

For the Six Months Ended December 31, 2020 and 2021, and

For the Years Ended June 30, 2020 and 2021

 

   For the Six Months Ended   For the Years Ended 
   December 31,   June 30, 
   2021   2020   2021   2020 
   (In thousands) 
Selected Operations Data:                    
Interest income  $1,573   $1,555   $3,110   $3,588 
Interest expense   179    252    453    721 
Net interest income   1,394    1,303    2,657    2,867 
Provision for loan losses   --    --    --    -- 
Net interest income after provision for loan losses   1,394    1,303    2,657    2,867 
Noninterest income   109    103    214    215 
Noninterest expense   1,648    1,276    2,578    2,592 
Income (loss) before income tax expense   (145)   130    293    489 
Provision for income taxes (benefit)   (37)   15    35    78 
Net income (loss)  $(108)  $115   $258   $411 

 

Source:  VWF Bancorp, Inc.'s Prospectus

 

74

 

 

EXHIBIT 7

 

VAN WERT FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK

Normalized or Core Earnings

Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2021

 

   Twelve Months 
   Ended 
   December 31, 
   2021 
    (in thousands) 
NET     
Net income before taxes  $18 
      
Taxes   17 
      
Net income  $35 
      
CORE     
Net income before taxes  $18 
      
Income adjustments:     
Loss on sale of securities   291 
      
Net income before taxes   309 
      
Taxes @ 21.0%   65 
      
Core income  $244 

 

Source:  Van Wert Federal's audited and unaudited financial statements

 

75

 

 

EXHIBIT 8

 

Performance Indicators

At or for the Six Months Ended December 31, 2020 and 2021, and

At or for the Years Ended June 30, 2020 and 2021

 

   At or For the Six Months Ended   At or For the Years Ended 
   December 31,   June 30, 
   2021   2020   2021   2020 
Selected Financial Ratios and Other Data(1)                    
                     
Performance Ratios:                    
Return (loss) on average assets   (0.16)%   0.19%   0.20%   0.34%
Return (loss) on average equity   (0.85)%   0.91%   1.02%   1.63%
Interest rate spread (2)   2.54%   2.76%   2.73%   2.94%
Net interest margin (3)   2.56%   2.78%   2.72%   2.98%
Noninterest expenses to average assets   2.47%   2.08%   2.05%   2.17%
Efficiency ratio (4)   109.66%   90.75%   89.80%   84.14%
Average interest-earning assets to average interest-bearing liabilities   105.87%   101.92%   99.95%   107.34%
                     
Capital Ratios:                    
Average equity to average assets   19.05%   20.51%   20.15%   21.16%
Tier 1 capital to average assets(5)   18.55%   20.53%   19.49%   21.06%
                     
Asset Quality Ratios:                    
Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total loans   0.29%   0.32%   0.30%   0.32%
Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of nonperforming loans   138.20%   246.16%   121.88%   500.28%
Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of  nonaccrual loans   138.20%   246.16%   261.04%   2435.36%
Nonaccrual loans as a percentage of total loans   0.20%   0.13%   0.11%   0.01%
Net (charge-offs) recoveries as a percentage of average outstanding loans during the period   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%
Nonperforming loans as a percentage of total loans   0.20%   0.13%   0.24%   0.01%
Nonperforming loans as a percentage of total assets   0.12%   0.07%   0.14%   0.01%
Total nonperforming assets as a percentage of total assets   0.12%   0.07%   0.14%   0.04%

 

(1)Performance ratios for the six months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 are annualized.
(2)Represents the difference between the weighted-average yield on interest-earning assets and the weighted-average cost of interest-bearing liabilities for the year.
(3)Represents net interest income as a percentage of average interest-earning assets.
(4)Represents noninterest expenses divided by the sum of net interest income and noninterest income.
(5)Van Wert Federal has adopted the "community bank leverage ratio (CBLR)" framework for measuring regulatory capital adequacy, which became effective January 1, 2020.  The CBLR is the ratio of Tier 1 capital to average assets.  To be considered well capitalized under the CBLR framework, Van Wert Federal was required to have a CBLR ratio of at least 8.5% at December 31, 2021, 8.0% at June 30, 2021, and 9.0% at June 30, 2020.

 

Source:  VWF Bancorp, Inc.'s Prospectus

 

76

 

 

 

EXHIBIT 9

 

Volume/Rate Analysis

For the Six Months Ended December 31, 2021 vs. 2020, and

For the Year Ended June 30, 2021 vs. 2020

 

   Six Months Ended December 31,   Year Ended June 30, 
   2021 vs. 2020   2021 vs. 2020 
   Increase (Decrease)       Increase (Decrease)     
   Due to       Due to     
   Volume   Rate   Total   Volume   Rate   Total 
   (Dollars in thousands)   (Dollars in thousands) 
Interest-earning assets:                              
Loans  $126   $(144)  $(18)  $78   $(205)  $(127)
Investment securities   86    (10)   76    2    (173)   (171)
Other interest-earning assets   (62)   23    (39)   (12)   (168)   (180)
Total interest-earning assets  $150   $(131)  $19   $68   $(546)  $(478)
                               
Interest-bearing liabilities:                              
Interest-bearing demand  $0   $0   $0   $1   $0   $1 
Money market accounts   0    0    0    0    0    0 
Savings accounts   1    0    1    2    (6)   (4)
Certificates of deposit   (12)   (61)   (72)   (56)   (209)   (265)
Total deposits   (11)   (61)   (72)   (53)   (215)   (268)
Borrowings             0              0 
Total interest-bearing liabilities   (11)   (61)   (72)   (53)   (215)   (268)
                               
Change in net interest income  $161   $(70)  $91   $121   $(331)  $(210)

 

Source: VWF Bancorp, Inc.'s Prospectus

 

77

 

 

EXHIBIT 10

 

Yield and Cost Trends

At December 31, 2021, for the Six Months Ended December 31, 2020 and 2021,

And For the Years Ended June 30, 2020 and 2021

 

   At   For the Six Months Ended   For the Years Ended 
   December 31,   December 31,   June 30, 
   2021   2021   2020   2021   2020 
   Yield/   Yield/   Yield/   Yield/   Yield/ 
   Rate   Rate   Rate   Rate   Rate 
Interest-earning assets:                         
Loans   3.35%   3.56%   3.95%   3.89%   4.18%
Investment securities   1.33%   1.15%   1.29%   1.14%   2.09%
Interest-bearing deposits and other   2.21%   2.11%   1.61%   1.76%   3.64%
Total interest-earning assets   2.94%   2.89%   3.31%   3.18%   3.78%
Interest-bearing liabilities:                         
Interest-bearing demand   0.01%   0.01%   0.01%   0.01%   0.01%
Savings accounts   0.02%   0.02%   0.02%   0.02%   0.04%
Certificates of deposit   0.83%   0.91%   1.23%   1.13%   1.65%
Total deposits   0.29%   0.35%   0.55%   0.46%   0.81%
Borrowings   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%
Total interest-bearing liabilities   0.29%   0.35%   0.55%   0.46%   0.81%
                          
Net interest rate spread (1)   2.65%   2.54%   2.76%   2.73%   2.94%
                          
Net interest margin (2)   --    2.56%   2.78%          
                          
Average interest-earning assets to interest-bearing liabilities                         

 

(1)Net interest rate spread represents the difference between the weighted average yield on interest-earning assets and the weighted average rate of interest-bearing liabilities.
(2)Net interest margin represents net interest income divided by average total interest-earning assets.

 

Source: VWF Bancorp, Inc.'s Prospectus

 

78

 

 

EXHIBIT 11

 

Net Portfolio Value

At June 30, 2021, and at December 31, 2021

 

At December 31, 2021 
                EVE as a Percentage of 
Change in       Estimated Increase   Present Value of Assets (3) 
Interest Rates   Estimated   (Decrease) in EVE       Increase/ 
(Basis Points) (1)   EVE (2)   $ Amount   Percent   EVE Ratio (4)   (Decrease) 
    (Dollars in thousands)           (Basis Points) 
 +400   $24,248   $(4,341)   (5.18)%   19.40%   (120)
 +300    25,531    (3,058)   (10.70)%   19.58%   (69)
 +200    27,236    (1,353)   (4.73)%   20.30%   3 
 +100    28,656    67    0.23%   20.79%   52 
 --    28,589    --    --    20.27%   -- 
 -100    27,505    (1,084)   (3.79)%   19.21%   (106)
 -200    27,330    (1,259)   (4.40)%   19.04%   (123)

 

(1)  Assumes an immediate uniform change in interest rates at all maturities.

(2)  EVE is the discounted present value of expected cash flows from assets, liabilities and off-balance sheet contracts.

(3)  Present value of assets represents the discounted present value of incoming cash flows on  interest-earning assets.

(4)  EVE Ratio represents EVE divided by the present value of assets.

 

At June 30, 2021 
                EVE as a Percentage of 
Change in       Estimated Increase   Present Value of Assets (3) 
Interest Rates   Estimated   (Decrease) in EVE       Increase/ 
(Basis Points) (1)   EVE (2)   $ Amount   Percent   EVE Ratio (4)   (Decrease) 
    (Dollars in thousands)           (Basis Points) 
 +400   $20,477   $(6,227)   (23.32)%   17.79%   (278)
 +300    22,238    (4,466)   (16.27)%   18.76%   (181)
 +200    24,404    (2,300)   (8.61)%   19.92%   (65)
 +100    26,186    (518)   (1.94)%   20.73%   16 
 --    26,704    --    --    20.57%   -- 
 -100    27,153    449    1.68%   20.56%   (1)
 -200    27,377    673    2.52%   20.70%   13 

 

(1)  Assumes an immediate uniform change in interest rates at all maturities.

(2)  EVE is the discounted present value of expected cash flows from assets, liabilities and off-balance sheet contracts.

(3)  Present value of assets represents the discounted present value of incoming cash flows on interest-earning assets.

(4)  EVE Ratio represents EVE divided by the present value of assets.  

 

Source: VWF Bancorp, Inc.'s Prospectus

 

79

 

 

EXHIBIT 12

 

Loan Portfolio Composition

At June 30, 2020 and 2021 and at December 31, 2021

(Dollars in thousands)

 

   At December 31,   At June 30, 
   2021   2021   2020 
   Amount   Percent   Amount   Percent   Amount   Percent 
Real estate:                              
Commercial  $7,451    9.30%  $6,548    8.50%  $6,377    9.00%
Residential   63,317    79.10%   61,355    79.60%   56,417    79.60%
Agricultural   3,303    4.10%   2,976    3.90%   2,633    3.70%
Construction and land   4,603    5.80%   4,877    6.30%   4,070    5.70%
Commercial and industrial   325    0.40%   342    0.40%   361    0.50%
Home equity line of credit   379    0.50%   206    0.30%   242    0.30%
Consumer   676    0.80%   775    1.00%   809    1.10%
Total loans   80,054    100.0%   77,079    100.0%   70,909    100.0%
Less:                              
Undisbursed loans in process   2,408         2,480         1,225      
Net deferred loan costs, premium and discounts                              
    3         (8)        (35)     
Allowance for loan losses   223         223         223      
Total loans receivable, net  $77,420       $74,384       $69,496     

 

Source:  VWF Bancorp, Inc.'s Prospectus

 

80

 

 

 

EXHIBIT 13

 

Loan Maturity Schedule

At June 30, 2021 and at December 31, 2021

 

                   Commercial   Home Equity         
Due During the Years  Commercial   Residential   Agricultural   Construction   and   Lines of   Consumer     
Ending December 31,  Real Estate   Real Estate   Real Estate   and Land   Industrial   Credit   Consumer   Total 
   (In thousands) 
2022  $--   $15   $--   $835   $--   $--   $23   $873 
2023   --    126    --    --    --    --    37    163 
2024   92    193    --    --    --    --    116    401 
2025 to 2026   24    730    174    89    --    --    238    1,255 
2027 to 2031   3,668    8,889    389    --    325    --    182    13,453 
2032 to 2036   1,465    17,201    305    --    --    75    80    19,126 
2037 and beyond   2,202    33,163    2,435    3,679    --    304    --    41,783 
Total  $7,451   $60,317   $3,303   $4,603   $325   $379   $676   $77,054 

 

                        Commercial    Home Equity           
Due During the Years   Commercial    Residential    Agricultural    Construction    and    Lines of    Consumer      
Ending June 30,   Real Estate    Real Estate    Real Estate    and Land    Industrial    Credit    Consumer    Total 
  (In thousands)
2022  $--   $22   $--   $752   $--   $--   $4   $778 
2023   --    140    --    167    --    --    35    342 
2024   114    209    --    --    --    --    79    402 
2025 to 2026   28    772    174    55    --    --    321    1,350 
2027 to 2031   4,022    8,613    396    --    342    --    196    13,569 
2032 to 2036   1,143    17,041    337    --    --    41    83    18,645 
2037 and beyond   1,241    34,558    2,069    3,903    --    165    58    41,994 
Total  $6,548   $61,355   $2,976   $4,877   $342   $206   $776   $77,080 

 

Fixed and Adjustable-Rate Loan Schedule  

 

      Due After December 31, 2022     Due After June 30, 2022 
      Fixed    Adjustable    Total     Fixed    Adjustable    Total 
      (Dollars in thousands)     (Dollars in thousands) 
Real estate loans:                                 
Commercial    $1,945   $5,505   $7,450    $1,679   $4,869   $6,548 
Residential     51,232    12,071    63,303     47,237    14,096    61,333 
Agricultural     211    3,092    3,303     214    2,762    2,976 
Construction and land     3,768    --    3,768     2,793    1,332    4,125 
Commercial and industrial loans     --    325    325     --    342    342 
Home equity line of credit     379    --    379     206    --    206 
Consumer loans     653    --    653     771    --    771 
Total    $58,188   $20,993   $79,181    $52,901   $23,401   $76,301 

 

Source: VWF Bancorp, Inc.'s Prospectus

 

81

 

 

EXHIBIT 14

 

Loan Delinquencies

At June 30, 2020 and 2021, and at December 31, 2021

 

               At June 30, 
   At December 31, 2021   2021   2020 
   30-59   60-89   90 Days   30-59   60-89   90 Days   30-59   60-89   90 Days 
   Days   Days   or More   Days   Days   or More   Days   Days   or More 
   Past   Past   Past   Past   Past   Past   Past   Past   Past 
   Due   Due   Due   Due   Due   Due   Due   Due   Due 
   (Dollars in thousands) 
At December 31, 2018                                    
Real estate loans:                                             
Commercial  $--   $--   $--   $--   $--   $--   $--   $--   $-- 
Residential   1,006    413    45    --    99    177    --    51    45 
Agricultural   --    --    --    --    --    --    --    --    -- 
Construction and land   --    --    --    --    --    --    --    --    -- 
Commercial and industrial loans   --    --    --    --    --    --    --    --    -- 
Home equity lines of credit (HELOC)   --    --    --    --    --    --    --    --    -- 
Consumer loans   --    --    --    --    --    --    --    --    -- 
Total  $1,006   $413   $45   $0   $99   $177   $0   $51   $45 
                                              
Source:  VWF Bancorp, Inc.'s Prospectus                                             

 

82

 

 

 

EXHIBIT 15

 

Nonperforming Assets

At June 30, 2020 and 2021, and at December 31, 2021

 

   At December 31,   At June 30, 
   2021   2021   2020 
   (Dollars in thousands) 
Nonaccrual loans:               
Real estate loans:               
Commercial real estate  $-   $--   $-- 
Residential   161    85    9 
Agricultural   --    --    -- 
Construction and land   --    --    -- 
Commercial and industrial loans   --    --    -- 
Home equity lines of credit (HELOC)   --    --    -- 
Consumer   --    --    -- 
Total nonaccrual loans   161    85    9 
                
Accruing loans 90 days or more past due:               
Real estate loans:               
Commercial   --    --    -- 
Residential   --    98    35 
Agricultural   --    --    -- 
Construction and land   --    --    -- 
Commercial and industrial loans   --    --    -- 
Home equity lines of credit (HELOC)   --    --    -- 
Consumer   --    --    -- 
Total loans   --    98    35 
Total nonperforming loans  161    183    44 
Real estate owned   --    --      
Other nonperforming assets   --    --    -- 
Total nonperforming assets  $161   $183    44 
                
Troubled debt restructurings:               
Commercial  $41   $45    47 
Residential   --    --    -- 
Agricultural   --    --    -- 
Construction and land   --    --    -- 
Commercial and industrial loans   --    --    -- 
Home equity lines of credit (HELOC)   --    --    -- 
Consumer   --    --    -- 
Total troubled debt restructurings  $41   $45   $47 
                
Ratios:               
Total nonperforming loans to total loans   0.20%   0.24%   0.06%
Total nonperforming loans to total assets   0.12%   0.14%   0.04%
Total nonperforming assets to total assets   0.12%   0.14%   0.04%
Total nonperforming loans and troubled debt restructurings to total loans   0.25%   0.30%   0.13%
Total nonperforming loans and troubled debt restructurings to total assets   0.15%   0.18%   0.08%

 

Source: VWF Bancorp, Inc.’s Prospectus

 

83

 

 

EXHIBIT 16

 

Classified Assets

At December 31, 2021 and at June 30, 2020 and 2021

(Dollars in thousands)

 

   At   At 
   December 31,   June 30, 
   2021   2021   2020 
Classified Assets:               
Substandard assets  $45   $177   $35 
Doubtful assets   --    --    -- 
Loss assets   --    --    -- 
Total classified assets  $45   $177   $35 
Special Mention  $64   $65   $-- 

 

Source: VWF Bancorp, Inc.’s Prospectus

 

84

 

 

EXHIBIT 17

 

Allowance for Loan Losses

At or For the Six Months Ended December 31, 2020 and 2021, and

At or For the Years Ended June 30, 2020 and 2021

 

   At or for the Six Months Ended   At or for the Years Ended 
   December 31,   June 30, 
   2021   2020   2021   2020 
   (Dollars in thousands) 
Allowance for loan losses at beginning of period  $223   $223   $223   $223 
Provision for loan losses   --    --    --    -- 
Charge-offs:                    
Real estate loans:                    
Commercial   --    --    --    -- 
Residential   --    --    --    -- 
Agricultural   --    --    --    -- 
Construction and land   --    --    --    -- 
Commercial and industrial loans   --    --    --    -- 
Home equity lines of credit (HELOC)   --    --    --    -- 
Consumer loans   --    --    --    -- 
Total charge-offs   0    0    0    0 
                     
Recoveries:                    
Real estate loans:   --    --    --    -- 
Commercial   --    --    --    -- 
Residential   --    --    --    -- 
Agricultural   --    --    --    -- 
Construction and land   --    --    --    -- 
Commercial and industrial loans   --    --    --    -- 
Home equity lines of credit (HELOC)   --    --    --    -- 
Consumer loans   --    --    --    -- 
Total recoveries   0    0    0    0 
                     
Net (charge-offs) recoveries   0    0    0    0 
                     
Allowance for loan losses at end of period  $223   $223   $223   $223 
                     
Ratios:                    
Allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans at end of period   138.20%   247.65%   121.88%   500.28%
Allowance for loan losses to total loans outstanding at end of period   0.29%   0.32%   0.30%   0.32%
Net charge-offs (recoveries) to average loans outstanding during period   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%

 

Source: VWF Bancorp, Inc.’s Prospectus

 

85

 

 

EXHIBIT 18

 

Mix of Total Deposit Accounts

At June 30, 2020 and 2021, and at December 31, 2021

 

       At June 30, 
   At December 31, 2021   2021   2020 
   (Dollars in thousands) 
   Amount   Percent   Amount   Percent   Amount   Percent 
Noninterest-bearing demand  $2,568    2.3%  $2,006    2.0%  $2,031    2.2%
Interest-bearing demand deposits   24,643    21.9%   17,232    17.1%   14,942    15.9%
Savings deposits   47,822    42.6%   43,184    42.8%   35,386    37.7%
Certificates of deposit   37,241    33.2%   38,501    38.1%   41,434    44.2%
Total deposits  $112,274    100.0%  $100,923    100.0%  $93,793    100.0%

 

Source:  VWF Bancorp, Inc.'s Prospectus

 

86

 

 

EXHIBIT 19

 

Certificates of Deposit of $250,000 or More by Maturity

As of December 31, 2021

 

   At 
   December 31, 
   2021 
   (In thousands) 
Three months or less  $-- 
Over three months through six months   415 
Over six months through 12 months\   -- 
Over 12 months   2,749 
Total  $3,164 

 

Source: VWF Bancorp, Inc.'s Prospectus

 

87

 

 

 

EXHIBIT 20

 

DIRECTORS AND MANAGEMENT OF VAN WERT FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK

At December 31, 2021

 

         Director  Term
Name  Position(s) Held with the Bank  Age  Since  Expires
Gary L. Clay  Chairman of the Board  68  1992  2024
Jon Bagley  Director  57  2015  2024
Charles F. Koch  Director  66  1994  2023
Michael Keysor  Director  52  2016  2023
Thomas Turnwald  Director  50  2018  2022
             
             
Executive Officers Not on the Board of Directors         
Mark K. Schumm  President and Chif Executive Officer  50  --  --
Kylee Moody  Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer  --  --  --
George R. Scott, III  Vice President and Senior Lending Officer  38  --  --

 

Source:  VWF Bancorp, Inc.'s Prospectus

 

88

 

 

EXHIBIT 21

 

Key Demographic Data and Trends

Van Wert County, Ohio and the United States

2000, 2010 and 2026

 

           2000-       2010       2021- 
           2010   2021   2021   2026   2026 
   2000   2010   % Change   Estimates   % Change   Projections   % Change 
Population                                   
Van Wert County   29,658    28,744    (3.1)%   28,394    (1.2)%   28,111    (1.0)%
Ohio   11,353,249    11,536,504    1.6%   11,727,474    1.7%   11,775,645    0.4%
United States   281,422,025    308,745,538    9.7%   331,030,342    7.2%   342,471,025    3.5%
                                    
Households                                   
Van Wert County   11,587    11,439    (1.3)%   11,250    (1.7)%   11,202    (0.4)%
Ohio   4,445,833    4,603,435    3.5%   4,680,004    1.7%   4,727,537    1.0%
United States   105,480,443    116,716,292    10.7%   126,093,779    8.0%   131,168,645    4.0%
                                    
Per Capita Income                                   
Van Wert County  $18,184   $21,278    17.0%   27,699    30.2%   29,547    6.7%
Ohio   21,694    23,975    10.5%   32,948    37.4%   35,169    6.7%
United States   21,242    28,088    32.2%   36,445    29.8%   38,550    5.8%
                                    
Median Household Income                                   
Van Wert County  $39,442   $43,279    9.7%   60,418    39.6%  $63,938    5.8%
Ohio   41,066    46,454    13.1%   59,934    29.0%   63,332    5.7%
United States   42,257    51,362    21.5%   65,694    27.9%   68,820    4.8%

 

Source:  U.S. Census and Demographics Now

 

89

 

 

EXHIBIT 22

 

Key Housing Data

Van Wert County, Ohio and the United States

 

           Estimated 
Occupied Housing Units  2010   2021   2026 
Van Wert County   11,439    11,250    11,202 
Ohio   4,603,435    4,680,004    4,727,537 
United States   116,716,292    126,093,779    131,168,645 
                
Occupancy Rate               
Van Wert County               
Owner-Occupied   78.6%   76.5%   76.4%
Renter-Occupied   21.4%   23.5%   23.6%
                
Ohio               
Owner-Occupied   67.6%   64.1%   66.2%
Renter-Occupied   32.4%   35.9%   33.8%
                
United States               
Owner-Occupied   65.1%   63.9%   63.9%
Renter-Occupied   34.9%   36.1%   36.1%

 

Median Housing Values  2000   2010   2021 
Van Wert County  $74,670   $86,986   $117,440 
Ohio   100,500    134,400    163,017 
United States   110,313    179,900    227,827 
                
Median Rent               
Van Wert County  $306   $551   $712 
Ohio   415    685    808 
United States   469    855    1,104 

 

Source:  U.S. Census Bureau

 

90

 

 

EXHIBIT 23

 

Major Sources of Employment by Industry Group

Van Wert County, Ohio and the United States

2021

 

   2021 
   Van Wert       United 
   County   Ohio   States 
Agriculture/Mining   2.1%   1.3%   1.9%
Construction   3.2%   4.1%   4.8%
Manufacturing   21.4%   13.7%   10.0%
Wholesale/Retail   16.6%   21.4%   21.3%
Transportation/Utilities   4.2%   5.1%   5.9%
Information               
Finance, Insurance & Real Estate   6.6%   6.2%   6.5%
Services   45.9%   48.2%   49.6%

 

Source:  Demographics Now

 

91

 

 

EXHIBIT 24

 

Unemployment Rates

Van Wert County, Ohio and the United States

2017 through 2021

 

Location  2017   2018   2019   2020   2021 
Van Wert County   3.9%   3.5%   3.3%   7.0%   3.8%
                          
Ohio   5.0%   4.5%   4.1%   8.2%   4.9%
                          
United States   4.4%   3.9%   3.7%   8.1%   5.4%

 

Source:  Local Area Unemployment Statistics - U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

 

92

 

 

EXHIBIT 25

 

Market Share of Deposits

Van Wert County

June 30, 2021

 

   Van Wert   Van Wert   Van Wert 
   County   Federal   Federal 
   Deposits   Deposits   Share 
   ($000)   ($000)   (%) 
Banks  $382,632    ---    --- 
Thrifts   264,824   $101,823    38.4%
Total  $647,456   $101,823    15.7%

 

Source:  FDIC

 

93

 

 

EXHIBIT 26

 

National Interest Rates by Quarter

2017 - 2021

 

   1st Qtr.   2nd Qtr.   3rd Qtr.   4th Qtr. 
   2017   2017   2017   2017 
Prime Rate   4.00%   4.25%   4.25%   4.50%
90-Day Treasury Bills   0.92%   1.01%   1.04%   1.37%
1-Year Treasury Bills   1.17%   1.24%   1.31%   1.76%
30-Year Treasury Notes   2.92%   2.84%   2.86%   2.74%

 

   1st Qtr.   2nd Qtr.   3rd Qtr.   4th Qtr. 
   2018   2018   2018   2018 
Prime Rate   4.75%   5.00%   5.25%   5.50%
90-Day Treasury Bills   1.74%   1.89%   2.15%   2.40%
1-Year Treasury Bills   2.09%   2.33%   2.57%   2.63%
30-Year Treasury Notes   2.97%   2.98%   3.19%   3.02%

 

   1st Qtr.   2nd Qtr.   3rd Qtr.   4th Qtr. 
   2019   2019   2019   2019 
Prime Rate   5.50%   5.50%   5.50%   4.75%
90-Day Treasury Bills   2.39%   2.18%   1.84%   1.52%
1-Year Treasury Bills   2.50%   1.96%   1.71%   1.59%
30-Year Treasury Notes   2.94%   2.57%   1.94%   2.25%

 

   1st Qtr.   2nd Qtr.   3rd Qtr.   4th Qtr. 
   2020   2020   2020   2020 
Prime Rate   3.25%   3.25%   3.25%   3.25%
90-Day Treasury Bills   0.11%   0.16%   0.10%   0.09%
1-Year Treasury Bills   0.17%   0.16%   0.12%   0.10%
30-Year Treasury Notes   1.15%   1.18%   1.48%   1.67%

 

   1st Qtr.   2nd Qtr.   3rd Qtr.   4th Qtr. 
   2021   2021   2021   2021 
Prime Rate   3.25%   3.25%   3.25%   3.25%
90-Day Treasury Bills   0.02%   0.05%   0.04%   0.06%
1-Year Treasury Bills   0.06%   0.09%   0.09%   0.39%
30-Year Treasury Notes   2.34%   2.07%   2.08%   1.90%

 

Source:  The Wall Street Journal

 

94

 

 

 

EXHIBIT 27

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

SHARE DATA AND PRICING RATIOS

PUBLICLY-TRADED, FDIC-INSURED SAVINGS INSTITUTIONS

(EXCLUDING MUTUAL HOLDING COMPANIES)

PRICES AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2021

ALL RATIOS/FINANCIAL DATA AS OF MOST RECENT FOUR QUARTERS

 

            Per Share   Pricing Ratios 
                52 Week   Earnings       12 Month   Price/Net   Price/Core   Price/   Price/Tang.   Price/ 
            Price   Change   (EPS)   Assets   Div.   Earnings   Earnings   Book Value   Book Value   Assets 
      State  Exchange  ($)   (%)   ($)   ($)   ($)   (X)   (X)   (X)   (X)   (X) 
MLGF  MALAGA FINANCIAL CORPORATION  CA  OTC BB   26.00    10.6    2.56    185.00    1.04    10.16    10.16    114.19    114.19    14.05 
PROV  PROVIDENT FINANCIAL HOLDINGS  CA  NASDAQ   16.53    5.6    1.27    158.09    0.99    13.02    15.17    106.30    106.37    10.46 
WSFS  WSFS FINANCIAL CORP  DE  NASDAQ   50.12    11.7    5.78    323.47    0.51    8.67    14.92    124.96    175.55    15.49 
TBNK  TERRITORIAL BANCORP  HI  NASDAQ   25.25    4.2    2.07    224.68    1.06    12.20    15.78    101.49    101.65    11.24 
WCFB  WCF BANCORP  IA  OTC PINK   8.74    24.9    0.30    55.67    0.00    29.13    38.00    97.54    97.76    15.70 
AFBA  ALLIED FIRST BANCORP  IL  OTC BB   8.80    141.1    3.86    91.37    0.00    2.28    2.28    69.02    69.02    9.63 
BFIN  BANKFINANCIAL CORP  IL  NASDAQ   10.67    20.4    0.65    117.53    0.07    16.42    18.40    90.35    90.42    9.08 
GTPS  GREAT AMERICAN BANCORP  IL  OTC BB   34.00    12.4    1.74    513.57    0.00    19.54    22.82    77.11    83.58    6.62 
IROQ  IF BANCORP  IL  NASDAQ   25.99    17.8    1.87    236.72    2.47    13.90    14.85    103.09    104.42    10.98 
MCPH  MIDLAND CAPITAL HOLDINGS CORP  IL  OTC PINK   11.65    (3.0)   (1.84)   339.82    0.00    NM    NM    44.64    44.64    3.43 
OTTW  OTTAWA SAVINGS BANCORP  IL  OTC BB   14.60    0.0    1.04    117.27    0.00    14.04    14.04    90.46    93.29    12.45 
RYFL  ROYAL FINANCIAL  IL  OTC BB   21.00    48.4    2.49    216.10    0.11    8.43    9.01    98.27    102.49    9.72 
SUGR  SUGAR CREEK FINANCIAL CORP  IL  OTC BB   13.55    43.4    1.25    115.06    0.00    10.84    NM    106.03    106.03    11.78 
AMFC  AMB FINANCIAL CORP  IN  OTC BB   25.00    56.3    4.96    296.93    0.00    5.04    5.26    86.93    90.51    8.42 
FDLB  FIDELITY FEDERAL BANCORP  IN  OTC PINK   95.00    (5.0)   38.77    2,227.06    0.00    2.45    2.74    37.35    37.73    4.27 
FBPI  FIRST BANCORP OF INDIANA  IN  OTC BB   20.90    22.7    2.34    268.15    0.39    8.93    8.36    78.39    95.17    7.79 
FCAP  FIRST CAPITAL  IN  NASDAQ   40.50    (36.4)   3.22    331.04    0.80    12.58    12.58    127.12    136.00    12.23 
MSVB  MID-SOUTHERN BANCORP, INC  IN  NASDAQ   15.00    3.4    0.59    79.50    0.11    25.42    25.42    111.69    111.69    18.87 
NWIN  NORTHWEST INDIANA BANCORP  IN  OTC BB   44.00    21.9    4.14    462.14    1.58    10.63    12.57    102.52    114.46    9.52 
TDCB  THIRD CENTURY BANCORP  IN  OTC BB   17.50    16.7    1.80    201.58    0.48    9.72    11.44    96.74    99.49    8.68 
CFFN  CAPITOL FEDERAL FINANCIAL  KS  NASDAQ   11.33    (8.5)   0.55    69.53    0.85    20.60    25.18    126.59    128.02    16.30 
CTUY  CENTURY NEXT FINANCIAL CORP  LA  OTC BB   33.30    28.1    2.76    303.76    0.00    12.07    11.81    92.37    98.46    10.96 
HRGG  HERITAGE NOLA BANCORP  LA  OTC PINK   16.50    36.9    0.78    100.11    0.00    21.15    21.15    118.28    122.86    16.48 

 

95

 

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

            Per Share   Pricing Ratios 
                52 Week   Earnings       12 Month   Price/Net   Price/Core   Price/   Price/Tang.   Price/ 
            Price   Change   (EPS)   Assets   Div.   Earnings   Earnings   Book Value   Book Value   Assets 
      State  Exchange  ($)   (%)   ($)   ($)   ($)   (X)   (X)   (X)   (X)   (X) 
HFBL  HOME FED BANCORP OF LOUISIANA  LA  NASDAQ   20.38    (29.4)   1.74    169.34    0.90    11.71    11.26    125.18    125.18    12.03 
HONE  HARBORONE BANCORP  MA  NASDAQ   14.84    37.2    1.19    82.00    0.00    12.47    13.74    131.10    158.72    18.10 
HIFS  HINGHAM INSTITUTION FOR SAVINGS  MA  NASDAQ   419.88    92.6    31.74    1,481.06    2.04    13.23    13.69    263.35    263.35    28.35 
PVBC  PROVIDENT BANCORP  MA  NASDAQ   18.60    51.5    0.94    89.05    0.00    19.79    19.79    170.80    170.80    20.89 
RNDB  RANDOLPH BANCORP  MA  NASDAQ   24.00    6.8    2.69    142.93    0.95    8.92    9.23    132.52    158.21    16.79 
WNEB  WESTERN NEW ENGLAND BANCORP  MA  NASDAQ   8.76    28.6    1.02    104.01    0.59    8.59    9.03    96.05    103.42    8.42 
FBC  FLAGSTAR BANCORP  MI  NYSE   47.94    18.0    11.38    511.55    0.23    4.21    4.91    95.80    117.56    9.37 
SBT  STERLING BANCORP  MI  NASDAQ   5.75    26.9    0.07    62.18    0.00    82.14    NM    86.21    86.99    9.25 
STBI  STURGIS BANCORP  MI  OTC BB   19.00    0.3    3.29    337.85    0.00    5.78    5.81    61.99    70.97    5.62 
HMNF  HMN FINANCIAL  MN  NASDAQ   24.67    43.3    3.29    223.03    1.29    7.50    10.07    119.24    124.47    11.06 
REDW  REDWOOD FINANCIAL  MN  OTC PINK   120.50    0.0    11.99    1,188.84    11.40    10.05    11.30    117.12    139.00    10.14 
NASB  NASB FINANCIAL  MO  OTC BB   61.00    (6.9)   10.08    317.08    4.24    6.05    5.97    112.94    118.38    19.24 
QRRY  QUARRY CITY S&L ASSN  MO  OTC BB   16.00    23.1    0.49    178.62    0.00    32.65    38.10    67.97    69.29    8.96 
FCPB  FIRST CAPITAL BANCSHARES  NC  OTC PINK   9.50    46.2    0.18    70.31    0.00    52.78    63.33    129.78    129.78    13.51 
KSBI  KS BANCORP  NC  OTC BB   58.00    118.9    5.74    504.53    2.67    10.10    10.10    138.62    138.62    11.50 
LSFG  LIFESTORE FINANCIAL GROUP  NC  OTC PINK   47.00    23.7    4.78    388.19    1.77    9.83    10.51    113.04    117.21    12.11 
UBNC  UNION BANK  NC  OTC BB   17.65    50.3    2.04    185.87    0.00    8.65    9.05    95.20    108.22    9.50 
EQFN  EQUITABLE FINANCIAL CORP  NE  OTC BB   12.90    7.9    1.70    150.50    0.00    7.59    7.59    89.15    95.91    8.57 
MCBK  MADISON COUNTY FINANCIAL  NE  OTC PINK   33.00    13.2    2.97    194.41    1.50    11.11    13.47    107.88    111.52    16.97 
KRNY  KEARNY FINANCIAL CORP  NJ  NASDAQ   13.25    25.5    0.91    90.97    0.37    14.56    18.15    103.11    130.80    14.57 
NFBK  NORTHFIELD BANCORP  NJ  NASDAQ   16.16    32.2    1.33    106.28    0.47    12.15    13.69    111.14    117.78    15.21 
OCFC  OCEANFIRST FINANCIAL CORP  NJ  NASDAQ   22.20    18.7    2.01    197.85    0.70    11.04    12.83    87.78    133.73    11.22 
PFS  PROVIDENT FINANCIAL SERVICES  NJ  NYSE   24.22    34.2    2.20    172.04    0.91    11.01    13.23    112.23    155.26    14.08 

 

96

 

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

            Per Share   Pricing Ratios 
                52 Week   Earnings       12 Month   Price/Net   Price/Core   Price/   Price/Tang.   Price/ 
            Price   Change   (EPS)   Assets   Div.   Earnings   Earnings   Book Value   Book Value   Assets 
      State  Exchange  ($)   (%)   ($)   ($)   ($)   (X)   (X)   (X)   (X)   (X) 
BCTF  BANCORP 34  NM  OTC PINK   13.78    18.9    1.66    172.46    0.00    8.30    8.61    71.62    71.77    7.99 
AX  AXOS FINANCIAL  NV  NYSE   55.91    49.7    3.76    251.30    0.00    14.87    14.87    227.37    260.05    22.25 
CARV  CARVER BANCORP  NY  NASDAQ   8.54    29.0    (1.14)   203.50    0.00    NM    NM    52.78    52.88    4.20 
ESBK  ELMIRA SAVINGS BANK  NY  NASDAQ   22.84    98.4    1.54    183.42    0.61    14.83    14.74    126.47    162.10    12.45 
GBNY  GENERATIONS BANK  NY  NASDAQ   NA    NM    0.52    153.64    0.00    NM    NM    NM    NM    NM 
NYCB  NEW YORK COMMUNITY BANCORP  NY  NYSE   12.21    16.5    1.37    124.48    0.68    8.91    9.18    81.51    125.10    9.81 
PCSB  PCSB FINANCIAL CORP  NY  NASDAQ   19.04    20.1    0.86    118.71    0.00    22.14    24.10    124.61    127.96    16.04 
PDLB  PDL COMMUNITY BANCORP  NY  NASDAQ   14.50    37.1    0.80    89.04    0.00    18.13    26.85    162.56    162.56    16.28 
SNNF  SENECA FIN CORP  NY  OTC PINK   12.00    58.7    0.95    113.60    0.00    12.63    12.90    103.27    103.27    10.56 
SNNY  SUNNYSIDE BANCORP  NY  OTC BB   20.02    61.2    (1.51)   118.37    0.00    NM    NM    172.29    172.29    16.91 
TRST  TRUSTCO BANK CORP NY  NY  NASDAQ   33.31    406.2    3.07    318.45    1.36    10.85    11.41    109.39    109.50    10.46 
CNNB  CINCINNATI BANCORP  OH  NASDAQ   14.62    22.3    1.13    84.85    0.00    12.94    12.94    117.90    127.35    17.23 
CCSB  COMM SAVINGS BANCORP  OH  OTC BB   42.90    230.0    1.29    147.89    0.00    33.26    35.16    217.77    220.00    29.01 
CIBN  COMMUNITY INVESTORS BANCORP  OH  OTC PINK   18.20    5.5    2.82    288.25    0.38    6.45    6.28    76.15    80.64    6.31 
EFBI  EAGLE FIN BANCORP  OH  OTC BB   18.15    10.3    1.20    112.84    0.00    15.13    15.65    106.95    106.95    16.08 
FNFI  FIRST NILES FINANCIAL  OH  OTC PINK   10.45    1.6    0.49    110.68    0.27    21.33    20.90    77.18    86.79    9.44 
GVFF  GREENVILLE FED FINANCIAL CORP (MHC)  OH  OTC BB   7.00    (0.3)   0.48    103.35    0.00    14.58    14.58    73.15    75.92    6.77 
HLFN  HOME LOAN FINANCIAL CORP  OH  OTC BB   33.00    10.0    2.69    184.55    3.56    12.27    12.36    163.77    166.50    17.88 
PPSF  PEOPLES-SIDNEY FINANCIAL CORP  OH  OTC PINK   10.74    19.3    0.66    106.89    0.37    16.27    16.27    81.06    81.06    10.05 
PFC  PREMIER FINANCIAL CORP  OH  NASDAQ   30.91    35.7    3.54    200.97    0.99    8.73    10.37    111.35    171.72    15.38 
VERF  VERSAILLES FINANCIAL CORP  OH  OTC BB   21.00    0.0    0.48    161.68    0.00    43.75    43.75    69.26    69.26    12.99 
ESSA  ESSA BANCORP  PA  NASDAQ   17.33    15.4    1.57    175.73    1.23    11.04    11.63    93.07    100.81    9.86 
HARL  HARLEYSVILLE SAVINGS FINANCIAL  PA  OTC PINK   24.96    16.1    2.09    239.36    1.52    11.94    11.94    115.45    115.45    10.43 

 

97

 

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

            Per Share   Pricing Ratios 
                52 Week   Earnings       12 Month   Price/Net   Price/Core   Price/   Price/Tang.   Price/ 
            Price   Change   (EPS)   Assets   Div.   Earnings   Earnings   Book Value   Book Value   Assets 
      State  Exchange  ($)   (%)   ($)   ($)   ($)   (X)   (X)   (X)   (X)   (X) 
HVBC  HV BANCORP, INC  PA  NASDAQ   21.80    26.8    2.74    245.55    0.00    7.96    8.04    105.57    114.32    8.88 
NWBI  NORTHWEST BANCSHARES  PA  NASDAQ   14.16    12.3    1.25    113.29    0.78    11.33    15.06    115.97    156.64    12.50 
PBIP  PRUDENTIAL BANCORP  PA  NASDAQ   13.58    (1.9)   1.05    140.29    1.02    12.93    16.17    83.21    87.56    9.68 
QNTO  QUAINT OAK BANCORP  PA  OTC PINK   19.00    28.8    2.88    267.41    0.75    6.60    6.91    93.69    102.59    7.11 
WVFC  WVS FINANCIAL CORP  PA  NASDAQ   15.20    1.3    0.61    182.70    0.42    24.92    29.23    87.06    87.06    8.32 
FSGB  FIRST FEDERAL OF SOUTH CAROLINA  SC  OTC PINK   30.00    121.2    0.06    5.50    0.00    NM    NM    NM    NM    NM 
CASH  META FINANCIAL GROUP  SD  NASDAQ   59.66    64.9    4.44    209.61    0.20    13.44    13.23    218.45    361.36    28.46 
UNTN  UNITED TENNESSEE BANKSHARES  TN  OTC PINK   24.00    22.9    2.06    340.31    6.70    11.65    11.94    76.65    76.65    7.05 
STXB  SPIRIT OF TEXAS BANCSHARES  TX  NASDAQ   28.78    72.0    2.87    183.63    0.39    10.03    10.32    121.59    153.99    15.67 
TBK  TRIUMPH BANCORP  TX  NASDAQ   119.08    142.6    4.72    239.93    0.00    25.23    27.31    364.38    NM    49.63 
FSBW  FS BANCORP  WA  NASDAQ   33.63    (38.6)   4.98    267.24    1.28    6.75    6.75    103.64    113.27    12.58 
RVSB  RIVERVIEW BANCORP  WA  NASDAQ   7.69    47.3    0.91    77.00    0.29    8.45    10.39    96.73    114.61    9.99 
TSBK  TIMBERLAND BANCORP  WA  NASDAQ   27.70    11.6    3.33    214.16    1.10    8.32    8.34    113.76    126.08    12.93 
FFBW  FFBW, INC  WI  NASDAQ   11.80    17.9    0.34    50.51    0.00    34.71    34.71    107.47    107.96    23.36 
HWIS  HOME BANCORP WISCONSIN  WI  OTC PINK   25.14    79.7    0.56    135.01    0.00    44.89    44.89    185.67    185.67    18.62 
WSBF  WATERSTONE FINANCIAL  WI  NASDAQ   21.86    16.7    3.41    88.46    1.51    6.41    6.98    124.56    125.06    24.71 
WBBW  WESTBURY BANCORP  WI  OTC BB   30.07    25.2    3.56    334.77    3.20    8.45    9.28    98.27    98.43    8.98 

 

98

 

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

SHARE DATA AND PRICING RATIOS

PUBLICLY-TRADED, FDIC-INSURED SAVINGS INSTITUTIONS

(EXCLUDING MUTUAL HOLDING COMPANIES)

PRICES AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2021

ALL RATIOS/FINANCIAL DATA AS OF MOST RECENT FOUR QUARTERS

 

    Per Share   Pricing Ratios 
        52 Week   Earnings       12 Month   Price/Net   Price/Core   Price/   Price/Tang.   Price/ 
    Price   Change   (EPS)   Assets   Div.   Earnings   Earnings   Book Value   Book Value   Assets 
    ($)   (%)   ($)   ($)   ($)   (X)   (X)   (X)   (X)   (X) 
ALL INSTITUTIONS                                                   
AVERAGE    30.66    34.69    2.99    242.35    0.80    15.06    15.58    113.11    120.85    13.17 
HIGH    419.88    406.20    38.77    2,227.06    11.40    82.14    63.33    364.38    361.36    49.63 
LOW    5.75    (38.60)   (1.84)   5.50    0.00    2.28    2.28    37.35    37.73    3.43 
                                                    
AVERAGE FOR STATE                                                   
OH    20.70    33.44    1.48    150.20    0.56    18.47    18.83    109.45    118.62    14.11 
                                                    
AVERAGE BY REGION                                                   
MID-ATLANTIC    21.00    18.43    2.04    187.91    0.72    12.01    14.32    102.77    123.13    11.45 
MIDWEST    23.96    27.48    3.26    269.88    0.52    16.61    14.21    99.19    104.93    12.02 
NORTH CENTRAL    38.64    17.99    3.98    287.48    2.17    15.35    18.10    117.43    138.41    15.04 
NORTHEAST    44.90    67.42    3.15    237.30    0.45    10.75    11.76    123.33    133.58    13.52 
SOUTHEAST    31.03    63.87    2.48    249.12    1.86    15.50    17.49    92.22    95.08    8.95 
SOUTHWEST    38.64    44.85    2.42    194.87    0.21    14.75    15.08    148.90    95.38    18.79 
WEST    27.53    12.91    2.70    196.78    0.82    10.54    11.64    123.35    133.74    13.36 
                                                    
AVERAGE BY EXCHANGE                                                   
NYSE    35.07    29.60    4.68    264.84    0.45    9.75    10.55    129.23    164.49    13.88 
NASDAQ    33.00    34.73    2.64    195.75    0.63    14.85    14.31    121.46    127.26    14.73 
OTC BB    25.64    38.82    2.52    233.70    0.72    12.91    13.13    103.31    107.39    11.73 
OTC PINK    29.45    28.31    4.01    352.44    1.37    15.36    16.73    91.46    94.69    10.01 

 

99

 

 

 

EXHIBIT 28

 

Page 1

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

KEY FINANCIAL DATA AND RATIOS

PUBLICLY-TRADED FDIC-INSURED SAVINGS INSTITUTIONS

MOST RECENT FOUR QUARTERS

 

         Assets and Equity   Profitability   Capital Issues  
         Total   Total   Total       Core       Core      Number of   Mkt. Value 
         Assets   Equity   Tang. Equity   ROAA   ROAA   ROAE   ROAE      Shares   of Shares 
      State  ($000)   ($000)   ($000)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   Exchange  Outstanding   ($000) 
MLGF  MALAGA FINANCIAL CORPORATION  CA   1,427,795    175,768    175,768    1.45    1.45    11.54    11.54   OTC BB   7,718,015    200,668 
PROV  PROVIDENT FINANCIAL HOLDINGS  CA   1,192,261    117,298    117,166    0.81    0.70    8.09    6.99   NASDAQ   7,541,469    124,660 
WSFS  WSFS FINANCIAL CORP  DE   15,376,096    1,906,698    1,357,346    1.85    1.07    14.95    8.69   NASDAQ   47,535,215    2,382,465 
TBNK  TERRITORIAL BANCORP  HI   2,116,805    234,410    234,069    0.92    0.71    8.30    6.43   NASDAQ   9,421,560    237,894 
WCFB  WCF BANCORP  IA   135,584    21,821    21,766    0.53    0.41    3.40    2.62   OTC PINK   2,435,498    21,286 
AFBA  ALLIED FIRST BANCORP  IL   161,890    22,585    22,585    NM    NM    NM    NM   OTC BB   1,771,897    15,593 
BFIN  BANKFINANCIAL CORP  IL   1,659,315    166,805    166,596    0.56    0.50    5.56    4.96   NASDAQ   14,118,720    150,647 
GTPS  GREAT AMERICAN BANCORP  IL   210,212    18,048    16,649    0.33    0.29    3.97    3.41   OTC BB   409,314    13,917 
IROQ  IF BANCORP  IL   767,055    81,682    80,662    0.80    0.75    7.36    6.90   NASDAQ   3,240,376    84,217 
MCPH  MIDLAND CAPITAL HOLDINGS CORP  IL   126,618    9,724    9,724    (0.54)   (0.53)   (6.76)   (6.65)  OTC PINK   372,600    4,341 
OTTW  OTTAWA SAVINGS BANCORP  IL   342,948    47,194    45,782    0.93    0.93    6.59    6.59   OTC BB   2,924,465    42,697 
RYFL  ROYAL FINANCIAL  IL   554,859    54,875    52,617    1.20    1.12    12.18    11.37   OTC BB   2,567,573    53,919 
SUGR  SUGAR CREEK FINANCIAL CORP  IL   90,664    10,071    10,071    1.06    (0.98)   9.78    (9.05)  OTC BB   787,983    10,677 
AMFC  AMB FINANCIAL CORP  IN   276,451    26,776    25,715    1.70    1.63    18.29    17.52   OTC BB   931,043    23,276 
FDLB  FIDELITY FEDERAL BANCORP  IN   1,881,334    214,874    212,696    1.99    1.78    17.86    15.98   OTC PINK   844,763    80,252 
FBPI  FIRST BANCORP OF INDIANA  IN   465,998    46,326    38,163    0.85    0.91    8.92    9.52   OTC BB   1,737,796    36,320 
FCAP  FIRST CAPITAL  IN   1,117,298    107,539    100,505    1.02    1.02    10.39    10.39   NASDAQ   3,375,082    136,691 
MSVB  MID-SOUTHERN BANCORP, INC  IN   252,244    42,624    42,624    0.76    0.77    4.42    4.45   NASDAQ   3,172,718    47,591 
NWIN  NORTHWEST INDIANA BANCORP  IN   1,607,861    149,323    133,746    0.92    0.78    9.61    8.13   OTC BB   3,479,139    153,082 
TDCB  THIRD CENTURY BANCORP  IN   238,755    21,425    20,839    0.94    0.80    10.40    8.86   OTC BB   1,184,444    20,728 
CFFN  CAPITOL FEDERAL FINANCIAL  KS   9,652,561    1,242,273    1,228,835    0.79    0.65    6.04    5.02   NASDAQ   138,833,184    1,572,980 
CTUY  CENTURY NEXT FINANCIAL CORP  LA   540,277    64,123    60,155    0.92    0.94    7.88    8.04   OTC BB   1,778,635    59,229 
HRGG  HERITAGE NOLA BANCORP  LA   152,694    21,274    20,479    0.79    0.80    5.72    5.75   OTC PINK   1,525,209    25,166 

 

100

 

 

Page 2

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

KEY FINANCIAL DATA AND RATIOS

PUBLICLY-TRADED FDIC-INSURED SAVINGS INSTITUTIONS

MOST RECENT FOUR QUARTERS

 

         Assets and Equity   Profitability   Capital Issues  
         Total   Total   Total       Core       Core      Number of   Mkt. Value 
         Assets   Equity   Tang. Equity   ROAA   ROAA   ROAE   ROAE      Shares   of Shares 
      State  ($000)   ($000)   ($000)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   Exchange  Outstanding   ($000) 
HFBL  HOME FED BANCORP OF LOUISIANA  LA   567,440    54,556    54,556    1.04    1.08    10.76    11.21   NASDAQ   3,350,966    68,293 
HONE  HARBORONE BANCORP  MA   4,570,043    630,969    521,203    1.46    1.32    10.95    9.89   NASDAQ   55,735,623    827,117 
HIFS  HINGHAM INSTITUTION FOR SAVINGS  MA   3,164,872    340,716    340,716    2.29    2.21    21.37    20.64   NASDAQ   2,136,900    897,242 
PVBC  PROVIDENT BANCORP  MA   1,624,862    198,748    198,748    1.10    1.10    8.99    8.99   NASDAQ   18,246,136    339,378 
RNDB  RANDOLPH BANCORP  MA   751,052    95,153    79,725    1.91    1.85    15.38    14.90   NASDAQ   5,254,522    126,109 
WNEB  WESTERN NEW ENGLAND BANCORP  MA   2,503,631    219,465    203,807    1.00    0.95    11.44    10.87   NASDAQ   24,070,399    210,857 
FBC  FLAGSTAR BANCORP  MI   27,041,559    2,645,079    2,155,897    2.10    1.80    24.80    21.29   NYSE   52,862,264    2,534,217 
SBT  STERLING BANCORP  MI   3,138,372    336,565    333,692    0.10    (0.15)   1.12    (1.63)  NASDAQ   50,475,181    290,232 
STBI  STURGIS BANCORP  MI   718,879    65,222    56,960    1.01    1.00    11.32    11.25   OTC BB   2,127,791    40,428 
HMNF  HMN FINANCIAL  MN   1,035,877    96,104    92,053    1.57    1.17    16.04    11.97   NASDAQ   4,644,575    114,582 
REDW  REDWOOD FINANCIAL  MN   521,367    45,121    38,020    1.05    0.94    11.72    10.43   OTC PINK   438,551    52,845 
NASB  NASB FINANCIAL  MO   2,347,185    399,833    381,420    3.08    3.12    18.89    19.16   OTC BB   7,402,434    451,548 
QRRY  QUARRY CITY S&L ASSN  MO   72,822    9,598    9,412    0.28    0.24    2.07    1.79   OTC BB   407,691    6,523 
FCPB  FIRST CAPITAL BANCSHARES  NC   357,446    37,191    37,191    0.29    0.25    2.84    2.43   OTC PINK   5,083,936    48,297 
KSBI  KS BANCORP  NC   558,907    46,344    46,344    1.21    1.21    14.18    14.18   OTC BB   1,107,776    64,251 
LSFG  LIFESTORE FINANCIAL GROUP  NC   395,605    42,377    40,864    1.26    1.18    11.82    11.04   OTC PINK   1,019,091    47,897 
UBNC  UNION BANK  NC   1,106,304    110,354    97,070    1.15    1.10    11.56    11.05   OTC BB   5,952,147    105,055 
EQFN  EQUITABLE FINANCIAL CORP  NE   431,939    41,529    38,606    1.15    1.15    12.29    12.29   OTC BB   2,870,000    37,023 
MCBK  MADISON COUNTY FINANCIAL  NE   520,184    81,861    79,169    1.64    1.36    9.89    8.18   OTC PINK   2,675,735    88,299 
KRNY  KEARNY FINANCIAL CORP  NJ   7,183,688    1,014,423    799,820    0.98    0.79    6.79    5.48   NASDAQ   78,964,859    1,046,284 
NFBK  NORTHFIELD BANCORP  NJ   5,403,557    739,314    697,728    1.23    1.10    9.01    8.02   NASDAQ   50,843,651    821,633 
OCFC  OCEANFIRST FINANCIAL CORP  NJ   11,838,271    1,513,249    993,141    1.04    0.89    8.03    6.89   NASDAQ   59,834,018    1,328,315 
PFS  PROVIDENT FINANCIAL SERVICES  NJ   13,391,943    1,679,561    1,214,501    1.30    1.08    10.34    8.59   NYSE   77,841,528    1,885,322 

 

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KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

KEY FINANCIAL DATA AND RATIOS

PUBLICLY-TRADED FDIC-INSURED SAVINGS INSTITUTIONS

MOST RECENT FOUR QUARTERS

 

         Assets and Equity   Profitability   Capital Issues  
         Total   Total   Total       Core       Core      Number of   Mkt. Value 
         Assets   Equity   Tang. Equity   ROAA   ROAA   ROAE   ROAE      Shares   of Shares 
      State  ($000)   ($000)   ($000)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   Exchange  Outstanding   ($000) 
BCTF  BANCORP 34  NM   509,591    56,863    56,724    1.03    0.99    9.81    9.46   OTC PINK   2,954,836    40,718 
AX  AXOS FINANCIAL  NV   14,906,750    1,458,621    1,275,239    1.53    1.53    16.23    16.24   NYSE   59,317,944    3,316,466 
CARV  CARVER BANCORP  NY   706,876    56,218    56,085    (0.57)   (0.62)   (7.63)   (8.27)  NASDAQ   3,473,565    29,664 
ESBK  ELMIRA SAVINGS BANK  NY   643,804    63,396    49,455    0.83    0.84    8.72    8.78   NASDAQ   3,510,000    80,168 
GBNY  GENERATIONS BANK  NY   377,738    40,870    39,261    0.34    0.18    3.33    1.72   NASDAQ   2,458,527    NM 
NYCB  NEW YORK COMMUNITY BANCORP  NY   57,890,106    6,966,902    4,540,523    1.11    1.08    9.24    9.01   NYSE   465,056,962    5,678,346 
PCSB  PCSB FINANCIAL CORP  NY   1,872,147    240,910    234,670    0.73    0.68    5.79    5.36   NASDAQ   15,770,645    300,273 
PDLB  PDL COMMUNITY BANCORP  NY   1,542,915    154,493    154,493    0.95    0.64    9.31    6.30   NASDAQ   17,327,942    251,255 
SNNF  SENECA FIN CORP  NY   217,311    22,231    22,231    0.82    0.80    8.47    8.31   OTC PINK   1,912,959    22,956 
SNNY  SUNNYSIDE BANCORP  NY   93,926    9,222    9,222    (1.24)   (1.39)   (12.07)   (13.61)  OTC BB   793,500    15,886 
TRST  TRUSTCO BANK CORP NY  NY   6,134,855    586,684    586,131    0.98    0.93    10.26    9.75   NASDAQ   19,264,941    641,715 
CNNB  CINCINNATI BANCORP  OH   248,604    36,323    33,647    1.35    1.35    9.21    9.21   NASDAQ   2,930,000    42,837 
CCSB  COMM SAVINGS BANCORP  OH   60,394    8,046    7,962    0.89    0.84    6.75    6.41   OTC BB   408,379    17,519 
CIBN  COMMUNITY INVESTORS BANCORP  OH   229,217    19,003    17,948    1.00    1.03    12.21    12.56   OTC PINK   795,192    14,472 
EFBI  EAGLE FIN BANCORP  OH   171,993    25,861    25,861    1.10    1.07    7.24    7.04   OTC BB   1,524,153    27,663 
FNFI  FIRST NILES FINANCIAL  OH   123,199    15,072    13,404    0.48    0.49    4.11    4.21   OTC PINK   1,113,067    11,632 
GVFF  GREENVILLE FED FINANCIAL CORP (MHC)  OH   223,486    20,703    19,936    0.47    0.47    5.10    5.09   OTC BB   2,162,481    15,137 
HLFN  HOME LOAN FINANCIAL CORP  OH   259,043    28,288    27,816    1.49    1.48    13.46    13.35   OTC BB   1,403,668    46,321 
PPSF  PEOPLES-SIDNEY FINANCIAL CORP  OH   125,551    15,559    15,559    0.61    0.62    4.98    5.03   OTC PINK   1,174,557    12,615 
PFC  PREMIER FINANCIAL CORP  OH   7,471,403    1,031,869    669,204    1.77    1.49    13.03    10.99   NASDAQ   37,177,605    1,149,160 
VERF  VERSAILLES FINANCIAL CORP  OH   62,618    11,744    11,744    0.30    0.30    1.61    1.61   OTC BB   387,289    8,133 
ESSA  ESSA BANCORP  PA   1,857,599    196,817    181,733    0.88    0.84    8.62    8.19   NASDAQ   10,570,536    183,187 
HARL  HARLEYSVILLE SAVINGS FINANCIAL  PA   893,893    80,748    80,748    0.87    0.87    9.69    9.69   OTC PINK   3,734,476    93,213 

 

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KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

KEY FINANCIAL DATA AND RATIOS

PUBLICLY-TRADED FDIC-INSURED SAVINGS INSTITUTIONS

MOST RECENT FOUR QUARTERS

 

         Assets and Equity   Profitability   Capital Issues  
         Total   Total   Total       Core       Core      Number of   Mkt. Value 
         Assets   Equity   Tang. Equity   ROAA   ROAA   ROAE   ROAE      Shares   of Shares 
      State  ($000)   ($000)   ($000)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   Exchange  Outstanding   ($000) 
HVBC  HV BANCORP, INC  PA   534,198    44,923    41,483    0.94    0.93    14.74    14.54   NASDAQ   2,175,548    47,427 
NWBI  NORTHWEST BANCSHARES  PA   14,490,132    1,561,768    1,156,693    1.11    0.84    10.25    7.72   NASDAQ   127,907,885    1,811,176 
PBIP  PRUDENTIAL BANCORP  PA   1,100,455    128,014    121,666    0.71    0.57    6.39    5.11   NASDAQ   7,844,002    106,522 
QNTO  QUAINT OAK BANCORP  PA   535,885    40,647    37,110    1.09    1.05    15.79    15.12   OTC PINK   2,004,015    38,076 
WVFC  WVS FINANCIAL CORP  PA   347,627    33,218    33,218    0.35    0.30    3.51    2.96   NASDAQ   1,902,690    28,921 
FSGB  FIRST FEDERAL OF SOUTH CAROLINA  SC   132,252    11,315    10,819    1.06    0.48    12.54    5.72   OTC PINK   24,066,545    721,996 
CASH  META FINANCIAL GROUP  SD   6,690,689    871,884    526,887    1.84    1.87    16.71    16.97   NASDAQ   31,919,780    1,904,334 
UNTN  UNITED TENNESSEE BANKSHARES  TN   253,888    23,357    23,357    0.62    0.60    6.36    6.23   OTC PINK   746,044    17,905 
STXB  SPIRIT OF TEXAS BANCSHARES  TX   3,151,900    406,309    320,842    1.58    1.53    12.75    12.37   NASDAQ   17,164,103    493,983 
TBK  TRIUMPH BANCORP  TX   6,024,533    820,674    540,619    1.97    1.82    15.27    14.10   NASDAQ   25,109,703    2,990,063 
FSBW  FS BANCORP  WA   2,227,072    270,451    247,422    1.90    1.90    16.27    16.28   NASDAQ   8,333,566    280,258 
RVSB  RIVERVIEW BANCORP  WA   1,715,497    177,113    149,428    1.28    1.05    11.80    9.66   NASDAQ   22,277,868    171,317 
TSBK  TIMBERLAND BANCORP  WA   1,789,108    203,439    183,562    1.63    1.63    14.10    14.04   NASDAQ   8,353,969    231,405 
FFBW  FFBW, INC  WI   355,258    77,209    76,866    0.68    0.68    3.08    3.09   NASDAQ   7,034,033    83,002 
HWIS  HOME BANCORP WISCONSIN  WI   182,680    18,320    18,320    0.41    0.41    4.17    4.17   OTC PINK   1,353,104    34,017 
WSBF  WATERSTONE FINANCIAL  WI   2,230,275    442,571    440,790    3.91    3.58    20.04    18.35   NASDAQ   25,213,161    551,160 
WBBW  WESTBURY BANCORP  WI   921,588    84,246    84,095    1.08    0.98    11.74    10.67   OTC BB   2,752,939    82,781 

 

103

 

 

Page 5

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

KEY FINANCIAL DATA AND RATIOS

PUBLICLY-TRADED FDIC-INSURED SAVINGS INSTITUTIONS

MOST RECENT FOUR QUARTERS

 

   Assets and Equity   Profitability  Capital Issues 
   Total   Total   Total       Core       Core       Number of   Mkt. Value 
   Assets   Equity   Tang. Equity   ROAE   ROAE   ROAE   ROAE       Shares   of Shares 
   ($000)   ($000)   ($000)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)  Exchange    Outstanding   ($000) 
ALL INSTITUTIONS                                                 
AVERAGE   3,126,738    367,544    288,930    1.06    0.94    9.40    8.35        20,260,868    453,220 
MEDIAN   712,878    78,979    78,018    1.01    0.93    9.69    8.69        3,363,024    83,002 
HIGH   57,890,106    6,966,902    4,540,523    3.91    3.58    24.80    21.29        465,056,962    5,678,346 
LOW   60,394    8,046    7,962    (1.24)   (1.39)   (12.07)   (13.61)       372,600    4,341 
                                                  
AVERAGE FOR STATE                                                 
OH   897,551    121,247    84,308    0.95    0.91    7.77    7.55        4,907,639    134,549 
                                                  
AVERAGE BY REGION                                                 
MID-ATLANTIC   6,079,445    744,948    559,599    1.03    0.86    9.84    8.42        39,263,202    814,378 
MIDWEST   1,666,176    184,423    155,896    1.01    0.88    8.79    7.58        7,244,149    182,352 
NORTHCENTRAL   2,378,690    312,225    268,463    1.33    1.21    10.78    9.83        21,291,939    472,158 
NORTHEAST   5,863,867    687,570    502,591    0.84    0.76    7.40    6.62        45,358,044    672,926 
SOUTHEAST   467,400    45,156    42,608    0.93    0.80    9.88    8.44        6,329,257    167,567 
SOUTHWEST   1,824,406    237,300    175,563    1.22    1.19    10.37    10.16        8,647,242    612,909 
WEST   3,625,041    376,729    340,379    1.36    1.28    12.33    11.60        17,566,342    651,810 
                                                  
AVERAGE BY EXCHANGE                                                 
NYSE   28,307,590    3,187,541    2,296,540    1.43    1.32    13.22    12.17        163,769,675    3,353,588 
NASDAQ   3,385,700    414,594    337,179    1.32    1.11    10.96    9.19        24,462,881    554,625 
OTC   539,450    62,396    59,106    1.49    1.44    12.91    12.54        2,274,606    64,516 
OTC PINK   405,239    43,187    42,007    1.17    1.06    11.14    10.15        3,013,899    76,444 

 

104

 

 

 

EXHIBIT 29 
 
KELLER & COMPANY                   
Dublin, Ohio                    
614-766-1426                    

 

RECENT STANDARD CONVERSIONS
PRICE CHANGES FROM IPO DATE
June 30, 2020 through February 18, 2022

 

               Percentage Price Change 
               From Initial Trading Date 
       Conversion       One   One   One   Through 
Company Name  Ticker   Date   Exchange   Day   Week   Month   2/18/2022 
Eastern Bankshares  EBC    10/15/2020    NASDAQ    19.10    22.60    39.40    116.20 
PB Bankshares  PBBK    7/15/2021    NASDAQ    30.80    32.50    31.00    38.80 
TC Bancshares  TCBC    7/21/2021    NASDAQ    20.40    20.00    29.50    37.70 
Catalyst Bancorp  CLST    10/13/2021    NASDAQ    35.60    38.50    37.60    38.80 
NSTS Bancorp  NSTS    1/28/2022    NASDAQ    24.00    22.20    --    24.90 
                                   
        AVERAGE         13.85%   14.15%   12.26%   17.53%
        MEDIAN         24.00    22.60    34.30    38.80 
        HIGH         35.60    38.50    39.40    116.20 
        LOW         19.10    20.00    29.50    24.90 

 

105

 

 

EXHIBIT 30
                   
KELLER & COMPANY              
Dublin, Ohio                  
614-766-1426                
                   
RECENT ACQUISITIONS AND PENDING ACQUISITIONS
COUNTY, CITY OR MARKET AREA OF VAN WERT FEDERAL
                   
NONE
(that were potential comparable group candidates)

 

106

 

 

EXHIBIT 31

 

KELLER & COMPANY                  
Dublin, Ohio                  
(614) 766-1426                  

 

COMPARABLE GROUP SELECTION
                     
BALANCE SHEET PARAMETERS
Most Recent Quarter

 

General Parameters:                  
  Regions: Mid-Atlantic, Midwest and West                  
  Asset Size: < $1.9 Billion                  
  No Recent Acquisition Activity                  

 

               Cash &       1-4 Fam.   Total Net   Total
Net Loans
   Borrowed     
           Total   Securities/   MBS/   Loans/   Loans/   & MBS/   Funds/   Equity/ 
           Assets   Assets   Assets   Assets   Assets   Assets   Assets   Assets 
           ($000)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%) 
    VAN WERT FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK        138,553    28.21    10.25    45.39    55.88    66.12    0.00    18.23 
                                                  
    DEFINED PARAMETERS FOR                            20.00 -    50.00 -         8.00 - 
    INCLUSION IN COMPARABLE GROUP        < 1,900,000    <45.00    <30.00    <  50.00    80.00    92.00    <44.00    24.00 
                                                  
MLGF   MALAGA FINANCIAL CORPORATION   CA    1,427,795    11.09    0.00    7.31    86.98    86.98    19.13    12.31 
PROV   PROVIDENT FINANCIAL HOLDINGS   CA    1,192,261    7.47    17.47    23.27    72.05    89.52    7.55    9.84 
AFBA   ALLIED FIRST BANCORP   IL    161,890    44.14    3.88    28.58    44.44    48.32    3.09    13.95 
BFIN   BANKFINANCIAL CORP   IL    1,659,315    32.33    0.41    1.50    63.10    63.51    0.30    10.05 
GTPS   GREAT AMERICAN BANCORP   IL    210,212    54.62    0.03    19.96    40.83    40.86    0.00    8.59 
IROQ   IF BANCORP   IL    767,055    6.81    23.30    15.40    65.98    89.28    4.42    10.65 
MCPH   MIDLAND CAPITAL HOLDINGS CORP   IL    126,618    62.62    10.67    21.67    23.71    34.38    0.00    7.68 
OTTW   OTTAWA SAVINGS BANCORP   IL    342,948    5.36    5.70    42.73    79.28    84.98    5.13    13.76 
RYFL   ROYAL FINANCIAL   IL    554,859    11.12    0.00    33.23    84.06    84.06    0.90    9.89 
SUGR   SUGAR CREEK FINANCIAL CORP   IL    90,664    1.91    0.00    60.39    64.10    64.10    5.75    11.11 
AMFC   AMB FINANCIAL CORP   IN    276,451    17.53    2.42    20.83    72.85    75.27    1.81    9.69 
FDLB   FIDELITY FEDERAL BANCORP   IN    1,881,334    11.36    38.57    0.00    29.48    68.05    3.52    11.42 
FBPI   FIRST BANCORP OF INDIANA   IN    465,998    16.42    3.49    23.07    72.24    75.73    12.88    9.94 
FCAP   FIRST CAPITAL   IN    1,117,298    42.71    9.53    9.17    43.45    52.98    0.00    9.62 
MSVB   MID-SOUTHERN BANCORP, INC   IN    252,244    34.97    15.04    24.34    46.85    61.89    3.96    16.90 
NWIN   NORTHWEST INDIANA BANCORP   IN    1,607,861    22.43    12.34    17.05    58.62    70.96    1.48    9.28 
TDCB   THIRD CENTURY BANCORP   IN    238,755    24.46    13.90    12.20    57.44    71.34    2.09    8.92 
STBI   STURGIS BANCORP   MI    718,879    9.85    11.44    31.76    70.75    82.19    8.55    9.07 
CNNB   CINCINNATI BANCORP   OH    248,604    4.58    3.35    38.71    78.30    81.65    6.52    14.61 

 

107

 

 

KELLER & COMPANY                  
Dublin, Ohio                  
(614) 766-1426                  

 

COMPARABLE GROUP SELECTION
                     
BALANCE SHEET PARAMETERS
Most Recent Quarter

 

General Parameters:                  
  Regions: Mid-Atlantic, Midwest and West                  
  Asset Size: < $1.9 Billion                  
  No Recent Acquisition Activity                  

 

               Cash &       1-4 Fam.   Total Net   Total
Net Loans
   Borrowed     
           Total   Securities/   MBS/   Loans/   Loans/   & MBS/   Funds/   Equity/ 
           Assets   Assets   Assets   Assets   Assets   Assets   Assets   Assets 
           ($000)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%) 
    VAN WERT FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK        138,553    28.21    10.25    45.39    55.88    66.12    0.00    18.23 
                                                  
    DEFINED PARAMETERS FOR                            20.00-    50.00-         8.00- 
    INCLUSION IN COMPARABLE GROUP        <1,900,000    <45.00    <30.00    <  50.00    80.00    92.00    <44.00    24.00 
                                                  
CCSB   COMM SAVINGS BANCORP   OH    60,394    31.45    2.49    41.66    60.49    62.98    2.12    13.32 
CIBN   COMMUNITY INVESTORS BANCORP   OH    229,217    20.03    1.99    36.02    67.40    69.39    12.91    8.29 
EFBI   EAGLE FIN BANCORP   OH    171,993    25.34    0.00    41.01    62.35    62.35    0.00    15.04 
FNFI   FIRST NILES FINANCIAL   OH    123,199    17.09    2.61    50.00    57.62    60.23    23.71    12.23 
GVFF   GREENVILLE FED FINANCIAL CORP (MHC)   OH    223,486    7.34    8.23    43.72    77.48    85.71    0.22    9.26 
HLFN   HOME LOAN FINANCIAL CORP   OH    259,043    16.71    0.00    35.65    77.97    77.97    1.80    10.92 
PPSF   PEOPLES-SIDNEY FINANCIAL CORP   OH    125,551    13.88    3.00    47.77    76.30    79.30    1.17    12.39 
VERF   VERSAILLES FINANCIAL CORP   OH    62,618    30.16    2.38    44.49    57.33    59.71    3.49    18.75 
ESSA   ESSA BANCORP   PA    1,857,599    18.38    4.12    34.15    72.18    76.30    0.00    10.60 
HARL   HARLEYSVILLE SAVINGS FINANCIAL   PA    893,893    25.48    9.33    31.08    61.08    70.41    9.13    9.03 
HVBC   HV BANCORP, INC   PA    534,198    19.77    3.15    39.61    58.58    61.73    5.65    8.41 
PBIP   PRUDENTIAL BANCORP   PA    1,100,455    24.28    12.96    18.07    56.18    69.14    21.20    11.63 
QNTO   QUAINT OAK BANCORP   PA    535,885    4.43    0.80    15.32    71.23    72.03    9.99    7.17 
WVFC   WVS FINANCIAL CORP   PA    347,627    44.05    28.75    19.77    23.39    52.14    43.32    9.56 
RVSB   RIVERVIEW BANCORP   WA    1,715,497    28.14    13.75    4.92    52.35    66.10    0.13    10.31 
TSBK   TIMBERLAND BANCORP   WA    1,789,108    34.92    5.72    7.30    54.13    59.85    0.28    11.37 
FFBW   FFBW, INC   WI    355,258    26.26    7.78    13.78    58.07    65.85    1.83    21.73 
HWIS   HOME BANCORP WISCONSIN   WI    182,680    10.85    0.38    40.15    82.27    82.65    14.92    10.03 
WBBW   WESTBURY BANCORP   WI    921,588    11.50    11.25    11.58    72.18    83.43    1.16    9.14 

 

108

 

 

EXHIBIT 32

 

KELLER & COMPANY                        
Dublin, Ohio                        
(614) 766-1426                        

 

COMPARABLE GROUP SELECTION
                           
OPERATING PERFORMANCE AND ASSET QUALITY RATIOS
Most Recent Four Quarters

 

General Parameters:                        
  Regions: Mid-Atlantic, Midwest and West                        
  Asset Size: < $ 1.9 Billion                        
  No Recent Acquisition Activity                        

 

               OPERATING PERFORMANCE   ASSET QUALITY 
                       Net   Operating   Noninterest             
           Total   Core   Core   Interest   Expenses/   Income/   NPA/   REO/   Reserves/ 
           Assets   ROAA   ROAE   Margin (2)   Assets   Assets   Assets   Assets   Assets 
           ($000)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%) 
    VAN WERT FEDERAL SAVINGS  BANK   OH    138,553    0.19    0.96    2.24    2.24    0.17    0.12    0.00    0.16 
                                                       
    DEFINED PARAMETERS FOR                       1.40-    1.00-                     
    INCLUSION IN COMPARABLE GROUP        <1,900,000    <1.38    <16.00    3.50    5.60    <4.90    <1.15    <0.40    >0.15 
                                                       
MLGF   MALAGA FINANCIAL CORPORATION   CA    1,427,795    1.45    11.54    2.97    0.86    0.06    0.00    0.00    0.26 
PROV   PROVIDENT FINANCIAL HOLDINGS   CA    1,192,261    0.70    6.99    2.71    2.00    0.35    0.61    0.00    0.62 
AFBA   ALLIED FIRST BANCORP   IL    161890    NM    NM    3.38    73.99    77.88    0.53    0.00    0.79 
BFIN   BANKFINANCIAL CORP   IL    1,659,315    0.50    4.96    2.89    2.32    0.28    0.05    0.02    0.42 
GTPS   GREAT AMERICAN BANCORP   IL    210,212    0.29    3.41    2.30    3.67    2.06    0.95    0.90    0.40 
IROQ   IF BANCORP   IL    767,055    0.75    6.90    2.90    2.38    0.77    0.03    0.02    0.84 
MCPH   MIDLAND CAPITAL HOLDINGS CORP   IL    126,618    (0.53)   (6.65)   1.68    2.26    0.15    0.74    0.00    0.26 
OTTW   OTTAWA SAVINGS BANCORP   IL    342,948    0.93    6.59    3.75    2.76    0.58    0.49    0.04    1.05 
RYFL   ROYAL FINANCIAL   IL    554,859    1.12    11.37    3.54    1.85    0.12    0.31    0.03    0.68 
SUGR   SUGAR CREEK FINANCIAL CORP   IL    90,664    (0.98)   (9.05)   2.02    3.24    0.18    1.66    0.78    0.27 
AMFC   AMB FINANCIAL CORP   IN    276,451    1.63    17.52    3.93    2.82    1.54    0.17    0.01    0.92 
FDLB   FIDELITY FEDERAL BANCORP   IN    1,881,334    1.78    15.98    2.21    2.12    2.53    0.42    0.17    0.16 
FBPI   FIRST BANCORP OF INDIANA   IN    465,998    0.91    9.52    3.20    3.08    1.32    0.29    0.12    0.75 
FCAP   FIRST CAPITAL   IN    1,117,298    1.02    10.39    2.93    2.14    0.82    0.13    0.01    0.59 
MSVB   MID-SOUTHERN BANCORP, INC   IN    252,244    0.77    4.45    3.09    2.40    0.43    0.30    0.04    0.65 
NWIN   NORTHWEST INDIANA BANCORP   IN    1,607,861    0.78    8.13    3.35    2.85    0.91    0.91    0.01    0.86 
TDCB   THIRD CENTURY BANCORP   IN    238,755    0.80    8.86    3.08    2.94    1.16    0.04    0.00    0.79 
STBI   STURGIS BANCORP   MI    718,879    1.00    11.25    3.38    2.64    1.21    0.06    0.00    0.99 
CNNB   CINCINNATI BANCORP   OH    248,604    1.35    9.21    2.73    5.57    4.88    0.05    0.00    0.67 

 

109

 

 

KELLER & COMPANY                        
Dublin, Ohio                        
(614) 766-1426                        

 

COMPARABLE GROUP SELECTION
                           
OPERATING PERFORMANCE AND ASSET QUALITY RATIOS
Most Recent Four Quarters

 

General Parameters:                        
  Regions: Mid-Atlantic, Midwest and West                        
  Asset Size: < $ 1.9 Billion                        
  No Recent Acquisition Activity                        

 

              OPERATING PERFORMANCE   ASSET QUALITY 
                       Net   Operating   Noninterest             
           Total   Core   Core   Interest   Expenses/   Income/   NPA/   REO/   Reserves/ 
           Assets   ROAA   ROAE   Margin (2)   Assets   Assets   Assets   Assets   Assets 
           ($000)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%) 
    VAN WERT FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK   OH    138,553    0.19    0.96    2.24    2.24    0.17    0.12    0.00    0.16 
                                                       
    DEFINED PARAMETERS FOR                       1.40-    1.00-                     
    INCLUSION IN COMPARABLE GROUP        <1,900,000    <1.38    <16.00    3.50    5.60    <4.90    <1.15    <0.40    >0.15 
                                                       
CCSB   COMM SAVINGS BANCORP   OH    60,394    0.84    6.41    4.09    4.28    1.82    1.11    0.00    0.48 
CIBN   COMMUNITY INVESTORS BANCORP   OH    229,217    1.03    12.56    3.61    5.29    3.39    0.32    0.00    0.89 
EFBI   EAGLE FIN BANCORP   OH    171,993    1.07    7.04    3.13    4.23    2.88    1.28    1.03    0.70 
FNFI   FIRST NILES FINANCIAL   OH    123,199    0.49    4.21    1.95    2.50    1.35    0.36    0.00    0.46 
GVFF   GREENVILLE FED FINANCIAL CORP (MHC)   OH    223,486    0.47    5.09    3.00    3.01    0.88    0.04    0.00    0.54 
HLFN   HOME LOAN FINANCIAL CORP   OH    259,043    1.48    13.35    3.84    2.23    0.73    0.23    0.08    0.91 
PPSF   PEOPLES-SIDNEY FINANCIAL CORP   OH    125,551    0.62    5.03    3.58    2.78    0.23    0.34    0.00    0.85 
VERF   VERSAILLES FINANCIAL CORP   OH    62,618    0.30    1.61    2.59    2.02    0.04    0.00    0.00    0.41 
ESSA   ESSA BANCORP   PA    1,857,599    0.84    8.19    2.99    2.24    0.60    0.88    0.02    0.98 
HARL   HARLEYSVILLE SAVINGS FINANCIAL   PA    893,893    0.87    9.69    2.76    1.67    0.30    0.76    0.00    0.62 
HVBC   HV BANCORP, INC   PA    534,198    0.93    14.54    2.86    3.91    2.96    0.74    0.00    0.46 
PBIP   PRUDENTIAL BANCORP   PA    1,100,455    0.57    5.11    2.13    1.57    0.20    1.13    0.37    0.77 
QNTO   QUAINT OAK BANCORP   PA    535,885    1.05    15.12    3.70    3.45    1.95    0.41    0.09    0.80 
WVFC   WVS FINANCIAL CORP   PA    347,627    0.30    2.96    1.44    1.05    0.11    0.00    0.00    0.16 
RVSB   RIVERVIEW BANCORP   WA    1,715,497    1.05    9.66    3.20    2.15    0.77    0.03    0.00    0.96 
TSBK   TIMBERLAND BANCORP   WA    1,789,108    1.63    14.04    3.27    1.92    0.97    0.18    0.01    0.75 
FFBW   FFBW, INC   WI    355,258    0.68    3.09    3.49    2.39    0.38    0.05    0.00    0.68 
HWIS   HOME BANCORP WISCONSIN   WI    182,680    0.41    4.17    2.89    2.31    0.23    0.00    0.00    0.78 
WBBW   WESTBURY BANCORP   WI    921,588    0.98    10.67    3.24    2.41    0.96    0.95    0.00    0.98 

 

110

 

 

 

EXHIBIT 33

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

(614) 766-1426

 

FINAL COMPARABLE GROUP

 

BALANCE SHEET RATIOS

Most Recent Quarter

 

                             Total         
             Cash &       1-4 Fam.   Total Net   Net Loans   Borrowed     
         Total   Securities/   MBS/   Loans/   Loans/   & MBS/   Funds/   Equity/ 
         Assets   Assets   Assets   Assets   Assets   Assets   Assets   Assets 
         ($000)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%) 
   VAN WERT FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK      138,553    28.21    10.25    45.39    55.88    66.12    0.00    18.23 
                                               
     DEFINED PARAMETERS FOR
INCLUSION IN COMPARABLE GROUP
        <1,900,000       <45.00       <30.00       <  50.00       20.00-
80.00
      50.00-
92.00
      <44.00       8.00-
24.00
 
                                               
CNNB  CINCINNATI BANCORP  OH   248,604    4.58    3.35    38.71    78.30    81.65    6.52    14.61 
MSVB  MID-SOUTHERN BANCORP, INC  IN   252,244    34.97    15.04    24.34    46.85    61.89    3.96    16.90 
WVFC  WVS FINANCIAL CORP  PA   347,627    44.05    28.75    19.77    23.39    52.14    43.32    9.56 
FFBW  FFBW, INC  WI   355,258    26.26    7.78    13.78    58.07    65.85    1.83    21.73 
HVBC  HV BANCORP, INC  PA   534,198    19.77    3.15    39.61    58.58    61.73    5.65    8.41 
IROQ  IF BANCORP  IL   767,055    6.81    23.30    15.40    65.98    89.28    4.42    10.65 
PBIP  PRUDENTIAL BANCORP  PA   1,100,455    24.28    12.96    18.07    56.18    69.14    21.20    11.63 
BFIN  BANKFINANCIAL CORP  IL   1,659,315    32.33    0.41    1.50    63.10    63.51    0.30    10.05 
RVSB  RIVERVIEW BANCORP  WA   1,715,497    28.14    13.75    4.92    52.35    66.10    0.13    10.31 
ESSA  ESSA BANCORP  PA   1,857,599    18.38    4.12    34.15    72.18    76.30    0.00    10.60 
                                               
      AVERAGE   883,785    23.96    11.26    21.03    57.50    68.76    8.73    12.45 
      MEDIAN   650,627    25.27    10.37    18.92    58.33    65.98    4.19    10.63 
      HIGH   1,857,599    44.05    28.75    39.61    78.30    89.28    43.32    21.73 
      LOW   248,604    4.58    0.41    1.50    23.39    52.14    0.00    8.41 

 

111

 

 

EXHIBIT 34

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

(614) 766-1426

 

FINAL COMPARABLE GROUP

 

OPERATING PERFORMANCE AND ASSET QUALITY RATIOS

Most Recent Four Quarters

 

             Operating Performance   Asset Quality 
                     Net   Operating   Noninterest             
         Total   Core   Core   Interest   Expenses/   Income/   NPA/   REO/   Reserves/ 
         Assets   ROAA   ROAE   Margin   Assets   Assets   Assets   Assets   Assets 
         ($000)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%) 
   VAN WERT FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK  OH   138,553    0.19    0.96    2.24    2.24    0.17    0.12    0.00    0.16 
                                                    
     DEFINED PARAMETERS FOR
INCLUSION IN COMPARABLE GROUP
        <1,900,000       <1.38       <16.00       1.40-
3.50
      1.00-
5.60
      <4.90       <1.15       <0.40       >0.15  
                                                    
CNNB  CINCINNATI BANCORP  OH   248,604    1.35    9.21    2.73    5.57    4.88    0.05    0.00    0.67 
MSVB  MID-SOUTHERN BANCORP, INC  IN   252,244    0.77    4.45    3.09    2.40    0.43    0.30    0.04    0.65 
WVFC  WVS FINANCIAL CORP  PA   347,627    0.30    2.96    1.44    1.05    0.11    0.00    0.00    0.16 
FFBW  FFBW, INC  WI   355,258    0.68    3.09    3.49    2.39    0.38    0.05    0.00    0.68 
HVBC  HV BANCORP, INC  PA   534,198    0.93    14.54    2.86    3.91    2.96    0.74    0.00    0.46 
IROQ  IF BANCORP  IL   767,055    0.75    6.90    2.90    2.38    0.77    0.03    0.02    0.84 
PBIP  PRUDENTIAL BANCORP  PA   1,100,455    0.57    5.11    2.13    1.57    0.20    1.13    0.37    0.77 
BFIN  BANKFINANCIAL CORP  IL   1,659,315    0.50    4.96    2.89    2.32    0.28    0.05    0.02    0.42 
RVSB  RIVERVIEW BANCORP  WA   1,715,497    1.05    9.66    3.20    2.15    0.77    0.03    0.00    0.96 
ESSA  ESSA BANCORP  PA   1,857,599    0.84    8.19    2.99    2.24    0.60    0.88    0.02    0.98 
                                                    
      AVERAGE   883,785    0.77    6.91    2.77    2.60    1.14    0.33    0.05    0.66 
      MEDIAN   650,627    0.76    6.01    2.90    2.35    0.52    0.05    0.01    0.68 
      HIGH   1,857,599    1.35    14.54    3.49    5.57    4.88    1.13    0.37    0.98 
      LOW   248,604    0.30    2.96    1.44    1.05    0.11    0.00    0.00    0.16 

 

112

 

 

 

EXHIBIT 35

 

KELLER & COMPANY                        
Dublin, Ohio                        
614-766-1426                        
                             
COMPARABLE GROUP CHARACTERISTICS AND BALANCE SHEET TOTALS
  
                Most Recent Quarter 
                      Total  Goodwill      
          Number     Total  Int. Earning  Net  and  Total Total 
          of     Assets  Assets  Loans  Intang.  Deposits Equity 
          Offices  Exchange  ($000)  ($000)  ($000)  ($000)  ($000)   ($000) 
SUBJECT                            
                                
VAN WERT FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK VAN WERT  OH  1  -  138,553  130,045  774,420  0  112,274  25,252 
                               

COMPARABLE GROUP

                           
BFIN  BANKFINANCIAL CORP OLYMPIA FIELDS  IL  20  NASDAQ  1,659,315  1,558,852  1,047,056  209  1,471,953  166,805 
CNNB  CINCINNATI BANCORP CINCINNATI  OH  6  NASDAQ  248,604  223,118  194,667  2,676  192,924  36,323 
ESSA  ESSA BANCORP STROUDSBURG  PA  23  NASDAQ  1,857,599  1,764,708  1,340,854  15,084  1,641,232  196,817 
FFBW  FFBW, INC WAUKESHA  WI  6  NASDAQ  355,258  298,602  206,314  343  269,173  77,209 
HVBC  HV BANCORP, INC HUNTINGDON VALLEY  PA  6  NASDAQ  534,198  488,512  312,929  3,440  445,741  44,923 
IROQ  IF BANCORP WATSEKA  IL  8  NASDAQ  767,055  718,930  506,067  1,020  643,910  81,682 
MSVB  MID-SOUTHERN BANCORP, INC SALEM  IN  3  NASDAQ  252,244  227,298  118,164  0  198,781  42,624 
PBIP  PRUDENTIAL BANCORP PHILADELPHIA  PA  10  NASDAQ  1,100,455  1,094,207  618,206  6,348  714,067  128,014 
RVSB  RIVERVIEW BANCORP VANCOUVER  WA  17  NASDAQ  1,715,497  1,472,802  898,032  27,685  1,517,789  177,113 
WVFC  WVS FINANCIAL CORP PITTSBURGH  PA  6  NASDAQ  347,627  322,532  81,300  0  156,991  33,218 
                                  
   Average       11     883,785  816,956  532,359  5,681  725,256  98,473 
   Median       7     650,627  603,721  409,498  1,848  544,826  79,446 
   High       23     1,857,599  1,764,708  1,340,854  27,685  1,641,232  196,817 
   Low       3     248,604  223,118  81,300  0  156,991  33,218 

 

113

 

 

EXHIBIT 36

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio  

614-766-1426  

 

BALANCE SHEET

ASSET COMPOSITION - MOST RECENT QUARTER

 

        As a Percent of Total Assets 
                    Repo-        Interest  Interest  Capitalized 
     Total  Cash &     Net  Loan Loss  sessed  Goodwill  Non-Perf.  Earning  Bearing  Loan 
     Assets  Invest.  MBS  Loans  Reserves  Assets  & Intang.  Assets  Assets  Liabilities  Servicing 
     ($000)  (%)  (%)  (%)  (%)  (%)  (%)  (%)  (%)  (%)  (%) 
SUBJECT                                      
VAN WERT FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK   135,553  28.21   10.25  55.88  0.16  0.00  0.00  0.12  93.86  81.03  0.00 
                                       
COMPARABLE GROUP                                    
CNNB CINCINNATI BANCORP   248,604  4.58   3.35  78.30  0.67  0.00  0.06  0.05  92.56  76.89  1.01 
MSVB MID-SOUTHERN BANCORP, INC   252,244  34.97   15.04  46.85  0.65  0.04  0.00  0.30  96.89  70.48  0.00 
WVFC WVS FINANCIAL CORP   347,627  44.05   28.75  23.39  0.16  0.00  0.00  0.00  95.68  81.35  0.00 
FFBW FFBW, INC   355,258  26.26   7.78  58.07  0.68  0.00  0.10  0.05  92.46  57.54  0.00 
HVBC HV BANCORP, INC   534,198  19.77   3.15  58.58  0.46  0.00  0.00  0.74  93.09  71.91  0.64 
IROQ IF BANCORP   767,055  6.81   23.30  65.98  0.84  0.02  0.00  0.03  96.22  81.62  0.13 
PBIP PRUDENTIAL BANCORP   1,100,455  24.28   12.96  56.18  0.77  0.37  0.58  1.13  93.83  82.68  0.00 
BFIN BANKFINANCIAL CORP   1,659,315  32.33   0.41  63.10  0.42  0.02  0.00  0.05  95.57  68.17  0.01 
RVSB RIVERVIEW BANCORP   1,715,497  28.14   13.75  52.35  0.96  0.00  1.61  0.03  94.28  59.41  0.00 
ESSA ESSA BANCORP   1,857,599  18.38   4.12  72.18  0.98  0.02  0.77  0.88  94.78  73.78  0.04 
                                       
  Average   883,785  23.96   11.26  57.50  0.66  0.05  0.31  0.33  94.54  72.38  0.18 
  Median   650,627  25.27   10.37  58.33  0.68  0.01  0.03  0.05  94.53  72.85  0.01 
  High   1,857,599  44.05   28.75  78.30  0.98  0.37  1.61  1.13  96.89  82.68  1.01 
  Low   248,604  4.58   0.41  23.39  0.16  0.00  0.00  0.00  92.46  57.54  0.00 
                                       
ALL THRIFTS (86)                                    
  Average   3,126,738  18.61   8.05  64.72  0.74  0.05  0.71  0.47  93.06  70.76  0.17 
                                       
MIDWEST THRIFTS (32)                                    
  Average   1,666,176  20.88   6.76  62.41  0.73  0.10  0.36  0.53  91.52  72.63  0.18 
                                       
OHIO THRIFTS (10)                                    
  Average   489,195  27.36   5.50  58.19  0.59  0.22  0.11  0.60  90.42  73.15  0.10 

 

114

 

 

 

EXHIBIT 37

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

BALANCE SHEET COMPARISON

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY - MOST RECENT QUARTER  

 

              As a Percent of Total Assets 
                                  Acc. Other               Total 
      Total   Total   Total   Total   Other   Preferred   Common   Compr.   Retained   Total   Tier 1   Risk-Based 
      Liabilities   Equity   Deposits   Borrowings   Liabilities   Equity   Equity   Income   Earnings   Equity   Leverage   Capital 
      ($000)   ($000)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%) 
SUBJECT                                                            
                                                                
VAN WERT FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK   113,301    25,252    81.03    0.00    0.74    0.00    18.23    (0.08)   18.31    18.23    18.55    NR 
                                                                
COMPARABLE GROUP                                                            
CNNB  CINCINNATI BANCORP   212,281    36,323    77.60    6.52    1.27    0.00    14.76    (0.15)   9.21    14.61    14.60    19.64 
MSVB  MID-SOUTHERN BANCORP, INC   209,620    42,624    78.81    3.96    0.33    0.00    16.92    0.78    9.75    16.90    16.48    NM 
WVFC  WVS FINANCIAL CORP   314,409    33,218    45.16    43.32    1.96    0.00    9.44    0.11    8.47    9.56    9.55    17.40 
FFBW  FFBW, INC   278,049    77,209    75.77    1.83    0.67    0.00    21.44    0.29    11.54    21.73    21.42    33.45 
HVBC  HV BANCORP, INC   489,275    44,923    83.44    5.65    2.50    0.00    8.41    0.00    4.85    8.41    8.63    13.52 
IROQ  IF BANCORP   685,373    81,682    83.95    4.42    0.98    0.00    10.75    0.14    7.45    10.65    10.59    NM 
PBIP  PRUDENTIAL BANCORP   972,441    128,014    64.89    21.20    2.28    0.00    11.83    (0.20)   2.33    11.63    11.30    17.55 
BFIN  BANKFINANCIAL CORP   1,492,510    166,805    88.71    0.30    0.94    0.00    10.04    0.01    0.63    10.05    10.00    NM 
RVSB  RIVERVIEW BANCORP   1,538,384    177,113    88.48    0.13    1.07    0.00    10.33    (0.02)   3.52    10.32    9.08    17.42 
ESSA  ESSA BANCORP   1,660,782    196,817    88.35    0.00    0.98    0.00    10.56    0.04    2.22    10.60    10.05    14.47 
                                                                
   Average   785,312    98,473    77.52    8.73    1.30    0.00    12.45    0.10    6.00    12.45    12.17    19.06 
   Median   587,324    79,446    81.13    4.19    1.03    0.00    10.66    0.03    6.15    10.63    10.32    17.42 
   High   1,660,782    196,817    88.71    43.32    2.50    0.00    21.44    0.78    11.54    21.73    21.42    33.45 
   Low   209,620    33,218    45.16    0.00    0.33    0.00    8.41    (0.20)   0.63    8.41    8.63    13.52 
                                                                
ALL THRIFTS (86)                                                            
   Average   2,759,194    367,544    81.24    5.84    1.21    0.10    11.72    0.01    5.95    11.48    10.98    17.98 
                                                                
MIDWEST THRIFTS (32)                                                            
   Average   1,481,752    184,423    81.65    5.24    1.06    0.07    12.09    0.10    6.52    11.89    11.49    19.68 
                                                                
OHIO THRIFTS (10)                                                            
   Average   437,822    51,373    85.92    2.45    0.92    0.00    10.79    (0.00)   5.04    10.71    10.57    25.24 

 

115

 

 

EXHIBIT 38

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

INCOME AND EXPENSE COMPARISON

TRAILING FOUR QUARTERS

($000)

 

                                  Net             
              Net       Gain   Total   Total   Income             
      Interest   Interest   Interest   Provision   (Loss)   Non-Int.   Non-Int.   Before   Income   Net   Core 
      Income   Expense   Income   for Loss   on Sale   Income   Expense   Taxes   Taxes   Income   Income 
SUBJECT                                                       
                                                           
VAN WERT FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK   3,129    380    2,749    0    (291)   220    2,951    18    (17)   35    244 
                                                           
COMPARABLE GROUP                                                       
CNNB  CINCINNATI BANCORP   7,977    1,880    6,097    200    0    12,137    13,855    4,179    882    3,297    3,298 
MSVB  MID-SOUTHERN BANCORP, INC   7,726    702    7,024    30    0    1,094    6,065    2,023    155    1,868    1,881 
WVFC  WVS FINANCIAL CORP   5,383    741    4,642    (69)   111    501    3,655    1,557    394    1,163    983 
FFBW  FFBW, INC   11,473    1,060    10,413    205    0    1,354    8,503    3,059    699    2,360    2,362 
HVBC  HV BANCORP, INC   16,215    2,240    13,975    768    79    15,875    20,882    8,200    2,231    5,969    5,890 
IROQ  IF BANCORP   24,342    3,482    20,860    402    116    6,047    18,220    8,285    2,240    6,045    5,667 
PBIP  PRUDENTIAL BANCORP   38,087    14,798    23,289    200    1,644    3,801    17,310    9,607    1,386    8,221    6,577 
BFIN  BANKFINANCIAL CORP   47,731    2,687    45,044    (1,290)   0    4,597    38,456    12,475    3,339    9,136    8,156 
RVSB  RIVERVIEW BANCORP   49,213    2,044    47,169    (2,700)   0    13,144    36,864    26,149    5,871    20,267    16,594 
ESSA  ESSA BANCORP   58,941    6,125    52,816    2,700    460    11,604    41,668    20,052    3,495    16,557    15,727 
                                                           
   Average   26,709    3,576    23,133    45    241    7,015    20,548    9,559    2,069    7,488    6,714 
   Median   20,279    2,142    17,418    200    40    5,322    17,765    8,243    1,809    6,007    5,779 
   High   58,941    14,798    52,816    2,700    1,644    15,875    41,668    26,149    5,871    20,267    16,594 
   Low   5,383    702    4,642    (2,700)   0    501    3,655    1,557    155    1,163    983 
                                                           
ALL THRIFTS (86)                                                       
   Average   102,339    13,626    88,713    (1,818)   304    40,380    76,261    55,367    12,459    42,861    37,855 
                                                           
MIDWEST THRIFTS (32)                                                       
   Average   52,326    5,598    46,728    (2,311)   190    58,119    68,832    38,639    8,634    30,006    25,855 
                                                           
OHIO THRIFTS (10)                                                       
   Average   29,492    2,740    26,752    (1,491)   310    11,662    21,658    18,208    3,628    14,579    12,513 

 

116

 

 

EXHIBIT 39

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

INCOME AND EXPENSE COMPARISON

AS A PERCENTAGE OF AVERAGE ASSETS

 

                                  Net             
              Net       Gain   Total   Total   Income             
      Interest   Interest   Interest   Provision   (Loss)   Non-Int.   Non-Int.   Before   Income   Net   Core 
      Income   Expense   Income   for Loss   on Sale   Income   Expense   Taxes   Taxes   Income   Income 
SUBJECT                                                          
                                                           
VAN WERT FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK   2.38    0.29    2.09    0.00    (0.22)   0.17    2.24    0.01    (0.01)   0.03    0.19 
                                                           
COMPARABLE GROUP                                                       
CNNB  CINCINNATI BANCORP   3.27    0.77    2.50    0.08    0.00    4.97    5.68    1.71    0.36    1.35    1.35 
MSVB  MID-SOUTHERN BANCORP, INC   3.15    0.29    2.86    0.01    0.00    0.45    2.47    0.82    0.06    0.76    0.77 
WVFC  WVS FINANCIAL CORP   1.64    0.23    1.41    (0.02)   0.03    0.15    1.11    0.47    0.12    0.35    0.30 
FFBW  FFBW, INC   3.32    0.31    3.01    0.06    0.00    0.39    2.46    0.88    0.20    0.68    0.68 
HVBC  HV BANCORP, INC   2.56    0.35    2.20    0.12    0.01    2.50    3.29    1.29    0.35    0.94    0.93 
IROQ  IF BANCORP   3.22    0.46    2.76    0.05    0.02    0.80    2.41    1.10    0.30    0.80    0.75 
PBIP  PRUDENTIAL BANCORP   3.30    1.28    2.02    0.02    0.14    0.33    1.50    0.83    0.12    0.71    0.57 
BFIN  BANKFINANCIAL CORP   2.92    0.16    2.76    (0.08)   0.00    0.28    2.36    0.76    0.20    0.56    0.50 
RVSB  RIVERVIEW BANCORP   3.12    0.13    2.99    (0.17)   0.00    0.83    2.34    1.66    0.37    1.28    1.05 
ESSA  ESSA BANCORP   3.14    0.33    2.82    0.14    0.02    0.62    2.22    1.07    0.19    0.88    0.84 
                                                           
   Average   2.96    0.43    2.53    0.02    0.02    1.13    2.58    1.06    0.23    0.83    0.77 
   Median   3.15    0.32    2.76    0.04    0.01    0.53    2.38    0.98    0.20    0.78    0.76 
   High   3.32    1.28    3.01    0.14    0.14    4.97    5.68    1.71    0.37    1.35    1.35 
   Low   1.64    0.13    1.41    (0.17)   0.00    0.15    1.11    0.47    0.06    0.35    0.30 
                                                           
ALL THRIFTS (86)                                                       
   Average   3.35    0.43    2.92    0.02    0.02    1.01    2.81    1.41    0.32    1.06    0.94 
                                                           
MIDWEST THRIFTS (32)                                                       
   Average   3.20    0.44    2.76    (0.01)   0.01    1.30    3.13    1.41    0.29    1.01    0.88 
                                                           
OHIO THRIFTS (10)                                                       
   Average   3.39    0.52    2.87    0.01    0.01    1.78    3.48    1.16    0.21    0.95    0.91 

 

117

 

 

 

EXHIBIT 40

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

YIELDS, COSTS AND EARNINGS RATIOS

TRAILING FOUR QUARTERS

 

     Yield on   Cost of   Net   Net                 
     Int. Earning   Int. Bearing   Interest   Interest           Core   Core 
     Assets   Liabilities   Spread   Margin *   ROAA   ROAE   ROAA   ROAE 
     (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%) 
SUBJECT                                        
VAN WERT FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK   2.55    0.37    2.17    2.24    0.03    0.14    0.19    0.96 
                                           
COMPARABLE GROUP                                        
CNNB CINCINNATI BANCORP   3.58    1.08    2.50    2.73    1.35    9.21    1.35    9.21 
MSVB MID-SOUTHERN BANCORP, INC   3.40    0.39    3.01    3.09    0.76    4.42    0.77    4.45 
WVFC WVS FINANCIAL CORP   1.67    0.49    1.18    1.44    0.35    3.51    0.30    2.96 
FFBW FFBW, INC   3.84    0.46    3.38    3.49    0.68    3.08    0.68    3.09 
HVBC HV BANCORP, INC   3.32    0.55    2.77    2.86    0.94    14.74    0.93    14.54 
IROQ IF BANCORP   3.39    0.56    2.83    2.90    0.80    7.36    0.75    6.90 
PBIP PRUDENTIAL BANCORP   3.48    1.99    1.49    2.13    0.71    6.39    0.57    5.11 
BFIN BANKFINANCIAL CORP   3.06    0.19    2.88    2.89    0.56    5.56    0.50    4.96 
RVSB RIVERVIEW BANCORP   3.34    0.15    3.19    3.20    1.28    11.80    1.05    9.66 
ESSA ESSA BANCORP   3.34    0.38    2.96    2.99    0.88    8.62    0.84    8.19 
                                           
  Average   3.24    0.62    2.62    2.77    0.83    7.47    0.77    6.91 
  Median   3.36    0.47    2.85    2.90    0.78    6.88    0.76    6.01 
  High   3.84    1.99    3.38    3.49    1.35    14.74    1.35    14.54 
  Low   1.67    0.15    1.18    1.44    0.35    3.08    0.30    2.96 
                                           
ALL THRIFTS (86)                                        
  Average   3.66    0.57    3.09    3.19    1.06    9.40    0.94    8.35 
                                           
MIDWEST THRIFTS (32)                                        
  Average   3.53    0.58    2.96    3.06    1.01    8.79    0.88    7.58 
                                           
OHIO THRIFTS (10)                                        
  Average   3.21    0.44    2.76    2.81    0.62    5.53    0.30    2.50 

 

*Based on average interest-earning assets.

 

118

 

 

EXHIBIT 41

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

RESERVES AND SUPPLEMENTAL DATA

 

     Reserves and Supplemental Data 
             Net             
     Reserves/   Reserves/   Chargeoffs/   Provisions/   Non-Perf     
     Gross   Non-Perf.   Average   Net   Loans/   Effective 
     Loans   Assets   Loans   Chargeoffs   Total Loans   Tax Rate 
     (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%) 
SUBJECT                              
                                 
VAN WERT FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK   0.29    138.51    0.00    N/A    0.21    (96.72)
                                 
COMPARABLE GROUP                              
CNNB CINCINNATI BANCORP   0.81    NM    0.00    0.00    0.06    21.17 
MSVB MID-SOUTHERN BANCORP, INC   1.38    254.00    (0.07)   0.00    0.54    8.42 
WVFC WVS FINANCIAL CORP   0.67    0.00    0.00    0.00    0.00    25.19 
FFBW FFBW, INC   1.16    NM    0.26    0.00    0.09    20.49 
HVBC HV BANCORP, INC   0.64    62.27    0.07    318.81    1.03    27.07 
IROQ IF BANCORP   1.26    NM    0.11    104.88    0.01    26.68 
PBIP PRUDENTIAL BANCORP   1.31    231.07    0.00    (1,388.89)   0.57    26.79 
BFIN BANKFINANCIAL CORP   0.65    NM    (0.02)   625.15    0.06    26.60 
RVSB RIVERVIEW BANCORP   0.99    427.66    0.00    (1,500.00)   0.23    23.69 
ESSA ESSA BANCORP   1.33    114.16    (0.02)   (1,046.51)   1.17    17.66 
                                 
  Average   1.02    181.53    0.03    (288.66)   0.38    22 
  Median   1.08    172.62    0.00    0.00    0.16    24 
  High   1.38    427.66    0.26    625.15    1.17    27 
  Low   0.64    0.00    (0.07)   (1,500.00)   0.00    8 
                                 
ALL THRIFTS (86)                              
  Average   1.09    265.07    0.07    1,313.78    0.61    21.00 
                                 
MIDWEST THRIFTS (32)                              
  Average   1.04    229.60    0.04    860.41    0.60    19.58 
                                 
OHIO THRIFTS (10)                              
  Average   1.12    289.45    0.02    (184.23)   0.76    23.14 

 

119

 

 

 

EXHIBIT 42

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Columbus, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

VALUATION ANALYSIS AND CALCULATION - FULL CONVERSION

 

VAN WERT FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK

 

Pricing ratios and parameters:

 

      Midpoint   Comparable Group  All Thrifts 
Pro Forma  Symbol  Ratios   Average  Median   Average   Median 
Price to earnings  P/E   NM   16.87   13.42    14.40    11.68 
Price to core earnings  P/CE   NM   18.18   15.51    14.00    12.58 
Price to book value  P/B   54.38   99.61   99.91    113.77    106.16 
Price to tangible book value  P/TB   54.38   104.62   106.19    121.38    114.19 
Price to assets  P/A   14.09   12.63   9.93    13.40    11.64 
                           
Pre conversion earnings  (Y)  $35,000                   
Pre conversion core earnings  (CY)  $244,000                   
Pre conversion book value  (B)  $22,833,444                   
Pre conversion tang. book value  (TB)  $22,833,444                   
Pre conversion assets  (A)  $138,553,014                   
                           

Conversion expense  (X)   6.82% Percent sold (PCT)       100.00%
ESOP stock purchase  (E)   8.00% Option % granted (OP)       10.00%
ESOP cost of borrowings, net  (S)   0.00% Est. option value (OV)      $38.90 
ESOP term (yrs.)  (T)   20 Option maturity (OM)       5 
RRP amount  (M)   4.00% Option % taxable (OT)       25.00%
RRP term  (yrs.)  (N)   5 Price per share (P)      $10.00 
Tax rate  (TAX)   21.00%             
Investment rate of return, pretax      1.63%             
Investment rate of return, net  (RR)   1.29%               

 

Formulae to indicate value after conversion:        
                   
1.  P/CE method:     Value  =                                                    P/CE*CY                                                              =                  $ 22,000,000
           ((1-P/CE*(PCT)*((1-X-E-M)*(RR*(1-TAX))-((1-TAX)*E/T)-((1-TAX)*M/N)-((1-TAX)*OT)*(OP*OV)/OM)))  
                   
2.  P/B method:     Value  =                  P/B*(B)                =                  $ 22,000,000
                                              (1-PB*(PCT)*(1-X-E-M))        
                   
3.  P/A method:     Value  =                 P/A*(A)                  =                  $ 22,000,000
                                             (1-PA*(PCT)*(1-X-E-M))          

 

VALUATION CORRELATION AND CONCLUSIONS:

 

          Gross Proceeds             
      Public   of Public   Shares issued   Total   TOTAL 
   Price  Shares Sold   Offering   to Foundation   Shares Issued   VALUE 
Midpoint  10.00   2,180,000   $21,800,000    20,000    2,200,000   $22,000,000 
                             
Minimum  10.00   1,850,000   $18,500,000    20,000    1,870,000   $18,700,000 
Maximum  10.00   2,510,000   $25,100,000    20,000    2,530,000   $25,300,000 
Maximum, as adjusted  10.00   2,889,500   $28,895,000    20,000    2,909,500   $29,095,000 

 

120

 

 

EXHIBIT 43

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

FULL CONVERSION

 

COMPARABLE GROUP MARKET, PRICING AND FINANCIAL RATIOS

STOCK PRICES AS OF FEBRUARY 18, 2022

FINANCIAL DATA/ALL RATIOS MOST RECENT FOUR QUARTERS

 

      Market Data  Pricing Ratios  Dividends  Financial Ratios 
                     Price/     Price/  Price/  12 Mo.                
      Market  Price/  12 Mo.  Bk. Value  Price/  Book  Price/  Tang.  Core  Div./  Dividend  Payout  Equity/  Core  Core 
      Value  Share  EPS  /Share  Earnings  Value  Assets  Bk. Val.  Earnings  Share  Yield  Ratio  Assets  ROAA  ROAE 
      ($M)  ($)  ($)  ($)  (X)  (%)  (%)  (%)  (X)  ($)  (%)  (%)  (%)  (%)  (%) 
VAN WERT FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK                                                             
  Appraised value - midpoint   22,000   10.00   (0.07)  18.39   NM   54.38   14.09   54.38   NM   0.00   0.00   0.00   25.90   0.06   0.25 
                                                                 
   Minimum   18,700   10.00   (0.07)  20.08   NM   49.80   12.20   49.80   NM   0.00   0.00   0.00   24.50   0.08   0.31 
   Maximum   25,300   10.00   (0.07)  17.14   NM   58.34   15.90   58.34   NM   0.00   0.00   0.00   27.26   0.05   0.19 
   Maximum, as adjusted   29,095   10.00   (0.07)  16.05   NM   62.27   17.91   62.27   NM   0.00   0.00   0.00   28.75   0.04   0.13 
                                                                 
ALL THRIFTS  (88)                                                             
   Average   458,541   30.69   2.95   26.16   14.40   113.77   13.40   121.38   14.00   0.76   2.53   21.33   11.60   0.80   6.52 
   Median   84,217   20.90   1.72   18.93   11.68   106.16   11.64   114.19   12.58   0.32   1.51   13.47   10.80   0.93   8.69 
                                                                 
OHIO THRIFTS  (11)                                                             
   Average   131,299   22.45   1.47   19.92   19.49   111.01   15.11   119.35   21.11   0.64   2.34   16.79   13.50   0.96   8.11 
   Median   451,548   26.00   2.56   26.10   10.16   112.94   14.57   118.38   10.51   0.68   3.76   40.36   13.03   1.18   9.01 
                                                                 
COMPARABLE GROUP  (10)                                                             
   Average   94,567   15.37   1.15   15.48   16.87   99.61   12.63   104.62   18.18   0.22   1.65   24.11   12.45   0.77   6.91 
   Median   83,610   14.81   0.98   14.88   13.42   99.91   9.93   106.19   15.51   0.29   1.64   24.35   10.63   0.76   6.01 
                                                                 
COMPARABLE GROUP                                                             
BFIN  BANKFINANCIAL CORP   150,647   10.67   0.65   11.81   16.42   90.35   9.08   90.42   18.40   0.40   3.75   61.54   10.05   0.50   4.96 
CNNB  CINCINNATI BANCORP   42,837   14.62   1.13   12.40   12.94   117.90   17.23   127.35   12.94   0.00   0.00   0.00   14.61   1.35   9.21 
ESSA  ESSA BANCORP   183,187   17.33   1.57   18.62   11.04   93.07   9.86   100.81   11.63   0.48   2.77   30.57   10.60   0.84   8.19 
FFBW  FFBW, INC   83,002   11.80   0.34   10.98   34.71   107.47   23.36   107.96   34.71   0.00   0.00   0.00   21.73   0.68   3.09 
HVBC  HV BANCORP, INC   47,427   21.80   2.74   20.65   7.96   105.57   8.88   114.32   8.04   0.00   0.00   0.00   8.41   0.93   14.54 
IROQ  IF BANCORP   84,217   25.99   1.87   25.21   13.90   103.09   10.98   104.42   14.85   0.33   1.25   17.38   10.65   0.75   6.90 
MSVB  MID-SOUTHERN BANCORP, INC   47,591   15.00   0.59   13.43   25.42   111.69   18.87   111.69   25.42   0.13   0.87   22.03   16.90   0.77   4.45 
PBIP  PRUDENTIAL BANCORP   106,522   13.58   1.05   16.32   12.93   83.21   9.68   87.56   16.17   0.28   2.06   26.67   11.63   0.57   5.11 
RVSB  RIVERVIEW BANCORP   171,317   7.69   0.91   7.95   8.45   96.73   9.99   114.61   10.39   0.29   3.79   32.06   10.32   1.05   9.66 
WVFC  WVS FINANCIAL CORP   28,921   15.20   0.61   17.46   24.92   87.06   8.32   87.06   29.23   0.31   2.04   50.82   9.56   0.30   2.96 

 

121

 

 

EXHIBIT 44

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Columbus, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

PROJECTED EFFECT OF CONVERSION PROCEEDS

VAN WERT FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK

Offering at the MINIMUM

 

1. Gross Offering Proceeds                

 

  Offering proceeds (1)   $ 18,500,000    
  Less:  Estimated offering expenses     (1,500,000 )  
  Net offering proceeds   $ 17,000,000    

 

2. Generation of Additional Income              

 

  Net offering proceeds   $ 17,000,000    
  Less:  Stock-based benefit plans  (2)     (2,244,000 )  
  Less: Cash to Foundation     (100,000 )  
  Net offering proceeds invested   $ 14,656,000    
             
  Investment rate, after taxes     1.29 %  
             
  Earnings increase - return on  proceeds invested   $ 188,725    
  Less:  Estimated cost of ESOP borrowings     0    
  Less:  Amortization of ESOP borrowings, net of taxes     (59,092 )  
  Less:  Stock-based incentive plan expense, net of taxes     (118,184 )  
  Less:  Option expense, net of applicable taxes     (137,848 )  
  Net earnings increase (decrease)   $ (126,399 )  

 

3. Comparative Pro Forma Earnings                

 

      Net     Core  
  Before conversion - 12 months ended 12/31/21   $ 35,000     $ 244,000  
  Net earnings increase (decrease)     (126,399 )     (126,399 )
  After conversion   $ (91,399 )   $ 117,601  

 

4. Comparative Pro Forma Net Worth  (3)                

 

      Total     Tangible  
  Before conversion - 12/31/21   $ 22,833,444     $ 22,833,444  
  Net cash conversion proceeds     14,656,000       14,656,000  
  Tax benefit - foundation     63,000       63,000  
  After conversion   $ 37,552,444     $ 37,552,444  

 

5. Comparative Pro Forma Assets                

 

  Before conversion - 12/31/21   $ 138,553,014  
  Net cash conversion proceeds     14,656,000  
  Tax benefit - foundation     63,000  
  After conversion   $ 153,272,014  

 

(1)Represents gross proceeds of public offering.
(2)Represents ESOP and stock-based incentive plans.
(3)ESOP and RRP are omitted from net worth.

 

122

 

 

EXHIBIT 45

 

KELLER & COMPANY
Columbus, Ohio
614-766-1426

 

PROJECTED EFFECT OF CONVERSION PROCEEDS
VAN WERT FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK
Offering at the MIDPOINT

 

 

1.Gross Offering Proceeds

 

  Offering proceeds (1)  $21,800,000 
  Less:  Estimated offering expenses   (1,500,000)
  Net offering proceeds  $20,300,000 

 

2.Generation of Additional Income

 

  Net offering proceeds  $20,300,000 
  Less:  Stock-based benefit plans  (2)   (2,640,000)
  Less: Cash to Foundation   (100,000)
  Net offering proceeds invested  $17,560,000 
        
  Investment rate, after taxes   1.29%
        
  Earnings increase - return on  proceeds invested  $226,120 
  Less:  Estimated cost of ESOP borrowings   0 
  Less:  Amortization of ESOP borrowings, net of taxes   (69,520)
  Less:  Stock-based incentive plan expense, net of taxes   (139,040)
  Less:  Option expense, net of applicable taxes   (162,174)
  Net earnings increase (decrease)  $(144,614)

 

3.Comparative Pro Forma Earnings

 

     Regular   Core 
  Before conversion - 12 months ended 12/31/21  $35,000   $244,000 
  Net earnings increase (decrease)   (144,614)   (144,614)
  After conversion  $(109,614)  $99,386 

 

4.Comparative Pro Forma Net Worth  (3)

 

     Total   Tangible 
  Before conversion - 12/31/21  $22,833,444   $22,833,444 
  Net cash conversion proceeds   17,560,000    17,560,000 
  Tax benefit - foundation   63,000    63,000 
  After conversion  $40,456,444   $40,456,444 

 

5.Comparative Pro Forma Assets

 

  Before conversion - 12/31/21  $138,553,014 
  Net cash conversion proceeds   17,560,000 
  Tax benefit - foundation   63,000 
  After conversion  $156,176,014 

 

(1)Represents gross proceeds of public offering.
(2)Represents ESOP and stock-based incentive plans..
(3)ESOP and RRP are omitted from net worth.

 

123

 

 

EXHIBIT 46

 

KELLER & COMPANY
Columbus, Ohio
614-766-1426

 

PROJECTED EFFECT OF CONVERSION PROCEEDS
VAN WERT FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK
Offering at the MAXIMUM

 

1.Gross Offering Proceeds

 

  Offering proceeds (1)  $25,100,000 
  Less:  Estimated offering expenses   (1,500,000)
  Net offering proceeds  $23,600,000 

 

2.Generation of Additional Income

 

  Net offering proceeds  $23,600,000 
  Less:  Stock-based benefit plans  (2)   (3,036,000)
  Less: Cash to Foundation   (100,000)
  Net offering proceeds invested  $20,464,000 
        
  Investment rate, after taxes   1.29%
        
  Earnings increase - return on  proceeds invested  $263,515 
  Less:  Estimated cost of ESOP borrowings   0 
  Less:  Amortization of ESOP borrowings, net of taxes   (79,948)
  Less:  Stock-based incentive plan expense, net of taxes   (159,896)
  Less:  Option expense, net of applicable taxes   (186,500)
  Net earnings increase (decrease)  $(162,829)

 

3.Comparative Pro Forma Earnings

 

     Regular   Core 
  Before conversion - 12 months ended 12/31/21  $35,000   $244,000 
  Net earnings increase   (162,829)   (162,829)
  After conversion  $(127,829)  $81,171 

 

4.Comparative Pro Forma Net Worth  (3)

 

     Total   Tangible 
  Before conversion - 12/31/21  $22,833,444   $22,833,444 
  Net cash conversion proceeds   20,464,000    20,464,000 
  Tax benefit - foundation   63,000    63,000 
  After conversion  $43,360,444   $43,360,444 

 

5.Comparative Pro Forma Assets

 

  Before conversion - 12/31/21  $138,553,014 
  Net cash conversion proceeds   20,464,000 
  Tax benefit - foundation   63,000 
  After conversion  $159,080,014 

 

(1)Represents gross proceeds of public offering.
(2)Represents ESOP and stock-based incentive plans..
(3)ESOP and RRP are omitted from net worth.

 

124

 

 

 

EXHIBIT 47

 

KELLER & COMPANY            
Columbus, Ohio              
614-766-1426              
                   
PROJECTED EFFECT OF CONVERSION PROCEEDS
VAN WERT FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK
Offering at the Maximum, as adjusted

 

1.Gross Offering Proceeds

 

  Offering proceeds (1)  $28,895,000 
  Less:  Estimated offering expenses   (1,500,000)
  Net offering proceeds  $27,395,000 

 

2.Generation of Additional Income

 

  Net offering proceeds  $27,395,000 
  Less:  Stock-based benefit plans  (2)   (3,491,400)
  Less: Cash to Foundation   (100,000)
  Net offering proceeds invested  $23,803,600 
        
  Investment rate, after taxes   1.29%
        
  Earnings increase - return on  proceeds invested  $306,519 
  Less:  Estimated cost of ESOP borrowings   0 
  Less:  Amortization of ESOP borrowings, net of taxes   (91,940)
  Less:  Stock-based incentive plan expense, net of taxes   (183,880)
  Less:  Option expense, net of applicable taxes   (214,475)
  Net earnings increase (decrease)  $(183,777)

 

3.Comparative Pro Forma Earnings

 

     Regular   Core 
  Before conversion - 12 months ended 12/31/21  $35,000   $244,000 
  Net earnings increase   (183,777)   (183,777)
  After conversion  $(148,777)  $60,223 

 

4.Comparative Pro Forma Net Worth  (3)

 

     Total   Tangible 
  Before conversion - 12/31/21  $22,833,444   $22,833,444 
  Net cash conversion proceeds   23,803,600    23,803,600 
  Tax benefit - foundation   63,000    63,000 
  After conversion  $46,700,044   $46,700,044 

 

5.Comparative Pro Forma Assets

 

  Before conversion - 12/31/21  $138,553,014 
  Net cash conversion proceeds   23,803,600 
  Tax benefit - foundation   63,000 
  After conversion  $162,419,614 

 

  (1)Represents gross proceeds of public offering.
  (2)Represents ESOP and stock-based incentive plans.
  (3)ESOP and RRP are omitted from net worth.

 

125

 

 

EXHIBIT 48

 

KELLER & COMPANY                
Columbus, Ohio                
614-766-1426                
                   
OFFERING SUMMARY OF VALUATION PREMIUM OR DISCOUNT
                   
VAN WERT FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK

 

        Premium or (discount) 
        from comparable group. 
   Van Wert Federal          
   Savings Bank       Average      Median 
Midpoint:                
Price/earnings   NM x   NM    NM 
Price/book value   54.38 *   -45.41%   -45.57%
Price/assets   14.09     11.56%   41.93%
Price/tangible book value   54.38     -48.02%   -48.79%
Price/core earnings   NM x   NM    NM 
                 
Minimum of range:                
Price/earnings   NM x   NM    NM 
Price/book value   49.80 %    *     -50.01%   -50.16%
Price/assets   12.20 %   -3.41%   22.93%
Price/tangible book value   49.80 %   -52.40%   -53.10%
Price/core earnings   NM x   NM    NM 
                 
Maximum of range:                
Price/earnings   NM x   NM    NM 
Price/book value   58.34 %    *     -41.43%   -41.61%
Price/assets   15.90 %   25.89%   60.24%
Price/tangible book value   58.34 %   -44.24%   -45.06%
Price/core earnings   NM x   NM    NM 
                 
Super maximum of range:                
Price/earnings   NM x   NM    NM 
Price/book value   62.27 %    *     -37.49%   -37.68%
Price/assets   17.91 %   41.81%   80.49%
Price/tangible book value   62.27 %   -40.48%   -41.36%
Price/core earnings   NM x   NM    NM 
                 

*   Represents pricing ratio associated with primary valuation method.

 

126

 

 

 

ALPHABETICAL

 

EXHIBITS

 

127

 

 

EXHIBIT A

 

KELLER & COMPANY, INC.

Financial Institution Consultants

 

555 Metro Place North, Suite 524  614-766-1426
Dublin, Ohio 43017  (fax) 614-766-1459
    

 

PROFILE OF THE FIRM

 

KELLER & COMPANY, INC. is a national consulting firm to financial institutions, serving clients throughout the United States from its office in Dublin, Ohio. Since our inception in 1985, we have provided a wide range of consulting services to over 250 financial institutions including banks, thrifts, mortgage companies, insurance companies and holding companies from Oregon to Maine.

 

Services offered by Keller & Company include the preparation of stock and ESOP valuations, fairness opinions, business and strategic plans, capital plans, financial models and projections, market studies, de novo charter and deposit insurance applications, incentive compensation plans, compliance policies, lending, underwriting and investment criteria, and responses to regulatory comments. Keller & Company also serves as advisor in merger/acquisition, deregistration, going private, secondary offering and branch purchase/sale transactions. Keller & Company is additionally active in director and management review, product analysis and development, performance analysis, compensation review, policy development, charter conversion, data processing, information technology systems, and conference planning and facilitation.

 

Keller & Company is one of the leading firms in the U.S. with regard to the completion of ESOP valuations for financial institutions and prepares over 30 ESOP valuations a year. Keller is also one of the leading conversion appraisal firms in the United States.

 

Keller has on-line access to current and historical financial, organizational and demographic data for every financial institution and financial institution holding company in the United States as well as daily pricing data and ratios for all publicly traded financial institutions.

 

Keller & Company is an experienced appraiser of financial institutions for filing conversion appraisals with the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, the Federal Reserve Board and numerous state government agencies, and is also experienced in completing valuations for the Internal Revenue Service as an expert in financial institution stock valuations.

 

Each of the firm's senior consultants has over twenty-five years of front line experience and accomplishment in various areas of the financial institution, regulatory and real estate sectors, offering clients distinct and diverse areas of expertise. It is the goal of Keller & Company to provide specific and ongoing relationship-based services that are pertinent, focused and responsive to the needs of the individual client institution within the changing industry environment, and to offer those services at reasonable fees on a timely basis. In recent years, Keller & Company has become one of the leading and most recognized financial institution consulting firms in the nation.

 

128

 

 

CONSULTANTS IN THE FIRM

 

MICHAEL R. KELLER has over thirty-five years experience as a consultant to the financial institution industry. Immediately following his graduation from college, Mr. Keller took a position as an examiner of financial institutions in northeastern Ohio with a focus on Cleveland area institutions. After working two years as an examiner, Mr. Keller entered Ohio State University full time to obtain his M.B.A. in Finance.

 

Mr. Keller then worked as an associate for a management consulting firm specializing in services to financial institutions immediately after receiving his M.B.A. During his eight years with the firm, he specialized in mergers and acquisitions, branch acquisitions and sales, branch feasibility studies, stock valuations, charter applications, and site selection analyses. By the time of his departure, he had attained the position of vice president, with experience in almost all facets of banking operations.

 

Prior to forming Keller & Company, Mr. Keller also worked as a senior consultant in a larger consulting firm. In that position, he broadened his activities and experience, becoming more involved with institutional operations, business and strategic planning, regulatory policies and procedures, performance analysis, conversion appraisals, and fairness opinions. Mr. Keller established Keller & Company in November 1985 to better serve the needs of the financial institution industry.

 

Mr. Keller graduated from the College of Wooster with a B.A. in Economics in 1972, and later received an M.B.A. in Finance in 1976 from the Ohio State University where he took numerous courses in corporate stock valuations.

 

129

 

 

Consultants in the Firm (cont.)

 

SUSAN H. O’DONNELL has twenty-five years of experience in the finance and accounting areas of the banking industry.

 

At the start of her career, Ms. O’Donnell worked in public accounting for Coopers & Lybrand in Cincinnati and earned her CPA. Her clients consisted primarily of financial institutions and health care companies.

 

Ms. O’Donnell then joined Empire Bank of America in Buffalo, New York. During her five years with Empire, Ms. O'Donnell progressed to the level of Vice President and was responsible for SEC, FHLB and internal financial reporting. She also coordinated the offering circular for its initial offering of common stock.

 

Ms. O’Donnell later joined Banc One Corporation where she worked for eleven years. She began her career at Banc One in the Corporate Accounting Department where she was responsible for SEC, Federal Reserve and investor relations reporting and coordinated the offering documents for stock and debt offerings. She also performed acquisition work including regulatory applications and due diligence and established accounting policies and procedures for all affiliates. Ms. O’Donnell later moved within Banc One to the position of chief financial officer of the Personal Trust business responsible for $225 million in revenue. She then provided leadership as the Director of Personal Trust Integration responsible for various savings and revenue enhancements related to the Bank One/First Chicago merger.

 

Ms. O'Donnell graduated from Miami University with a B.S. in Business. She also completed the Leading Strategic Change Program at The Darden School of Business and the Banc One Leadership Development Program.

 

130

 

 

Consultants in the Firm (cont.)

 

JOHN A. SHAFFER has over thirty years experience in banking, finance, real estate lending, and development.

 

Following his university studies, Mr. Shaffer served as a lending officer for a large real estate investment trust, specializing in construction and development loans. Having gained experience in loan underwriting, management and workout, he later joined Chemical Bank of New York and was appointed Vice President for Loan Administration of Chemical Mortgage Company in Columbus, Ohio. At Chemical, he managed all commercial and residential loan servicing, administering a portfolio in excess of $2 billion. His responsibilities also included the analysis, management and workout of problem commercial real estate loans and equity holdings, and the structuring, negotiation, acquisition and sale of loan servicing, mortgage and equity securities and real estate projects. Mr. Shaffer later formed and managed an independent real estate and financial consulting firm, serving corporate and institutional clients, and also investing in and developing real estate.

 

Mr. Shaffer's primary activities and responsibilities have included financial analysis, projection and modeling, asset and liability management, real estate finance and development, loan management and workout, organizational and financial administration, budgeting, cash flow management and project design.

 

Mr. Shaffer graduated from Syracuse University with a B.S. in Business Administration, later receiving an M.B.A. in Finance and a Ph.D. in Economics from New York University.

 

131

 

 

EXHIBIT B

 

RB 20

CERTIFICATION

 

I hereby certify that I have not been the subject of any criminal, civil or administrative judgments, consents, undertakings or orders, or any past administrative proceedings (excluding routine or customary audits, inspections and investigation) issued by any federal or state court, any department, agency, or commission of the U.S. Government, any state or municipality, any self-regulatory trade or professional organization, or any foreign government or governmental entity, which involve:

 

(i)commission of a felony, fraud, moral turpitude, dishonesty or breach of trust;

 

(ii)violation of securities or commodities laws or regulations;

 

(iii)violation of depository institution laws or regulations;

 

(iv)violation of housing authority laws or regulations;

 

(v)violation of the rules, regulations, codes or conduct or ethics of a self-regulatory trade or professional organization;

 

(vi)adjudication of bankruptcy or insolvency or appointment of a receiver, conservator, trustee, referee, or guardian.

 

I hereby certify that the statements I have made herein are true, complete and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief.

 

 Conversion Appraiser
    
02/25/2022  /s/ Michael R. Keller
Date  Michael R. Keller

 

132

 

 

EXHIBIT C

 

AFFIDAVIT OF INDEPENDENCE

 

 

 

STATE OF OHIO,

 

COUNTY OF FRANKLIN, ss:

 

I, Michael R. Keller, being first duly sworn hereby depose and say that:

 

The fee which I received directly from the applicant, VWF Bancorp, Inc., in the amount of $35,000 for the performance of my appraisal was not related to the value determined in the appraisal and that the undersigned appraiser is independent and has fully disclosed any relationships which may have a material bearing upon the question of my independence; and that any indemnity agreement with the applicant has been fully disclosed.

 

Further, affiant sayeth naught.

 

  /s/ Michael R. Keller
  MICHAEL R. KELLER

 

Sworn to before me and subscribed in my presence this 25th day of February 2022.

 

  /s/ Janet M. Mohr
  NOTARY PUBLIC
 

 

133