UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM
For the quarterly period ended
or
For the transition period from to
Commission file number:
| (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) |
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
| |
| (Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code) |
| (Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) |
| (Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report) |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant
(1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject
to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant
has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405
of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| Large accelerated filer | ☐ | Accelerated filer | ☐ |
| ☒ | Smaller reporting company | ||
| Emerging growth company |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check
mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting
standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant
is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes
As of May 19, 2023, there were
REDWOODS ACQUISITION CORP.
FORM 10-Q FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 2023
TABLE OF CONTENTS
i
PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements.
REDWOODS
ACQUISITION CORP.
CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS
March 31, (Unaudited) | December 31, 2022 (Audited) | |||||||
| Assets | ||||||||
| Current Assets | ||||||||
| Cash | $ | $ | ||||||
| Prepaid expenses | ||||||||
| Total Current Assets | ||||||||
| Investments held in Trust Account | ||||||||
| Total Assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| Liabilities, Temporary Equity, and Stockholders’ Deficit | ||||||||
| Current Liabilities | ||||||||
| Accrued expenses | $ | $ | ||||||
| Franchise tax payable | ||||||||
| Income tax payable | ||||||||
| Exercise tax liability | ||||||||
| Redeemed common stock payable to public stockholders | ||||||||
| Total Current Liabilities | ||||||||
| Warrant liability | ||||||||
| Deferred tax liability | ||||||||
| Convertible promissory note - related party | ||||||||
| Deferred underwriting fee payable | ||||||||
| Total Liabilities | ||||||||
| Commitments and Contingencies | ||||||||
| Common stock subject to possible redemption, | ||||||||
| Stockholders’ Deficit | ||||||||
| Common stock, $ shares issued and outstanding | ||||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | ||||||||
| Accumulated deficit | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total Stockholders’ Deficit | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total Liabilities, Temporary Equity, and Stockholders’ Deficit | $ | $ | ||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.
1
REDWOODS ACQUISITION CORP.
UNAUDITED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
| General and administrative expenses | $ | $ | ||||||
| Franchise tax expenses | ||||||||
| Loss from operations | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Interest earned on investments held in Trust Account | ||||||||
| Unrealized gain on investment held in Trust Account | ||||||||
| Change in fair value of convertible notes | ||||||||
| Change in fair value of warrant liabilities | ( | ) | ||||||
| Income (loss) before income taxes | ( | ) | ||||||
| Income tax provision | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | $ | ( | ) | ||||
| $ | $ | |||||||
| (1) | ||||||||
| $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | |||
| (1) |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.
2
REDWOODS ACQUISITION CORP.
UNAUDITED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY(DEFICIT)
For the Three Month Ended March 31, 2023
| Common stock | Additional Paid-in | Accumulated | Total Stockholders’ | |||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Capital | Deficit | Deficit | ||||||||||||||||
| Balance, January 1, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Accretion of common stock to redemption value | — | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||
| Exercise tax liability | — | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of March 31, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
For the Three Month Ended March 31, 2022
| Common Stock | Additional Paid-In | Accumulated | Total Stockholder’s | |||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Capital | Deficit | Equity | ||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of January 1, 2022 | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||
| Common stock issued to initial stockholders(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||
| Balance as of March 31, 2022 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||||||
| (1) |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.
3
REDWOODS ACQUISITION CORP.
UNAUDITED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
| Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
| Cash flows from operating activities: | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||
| Net Income (loss) | $ | $ | ( |
) | ||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net cash used in operating activities: | ||||||||
| Interest earned on investment held in Trust Account | ( |
) | ||||||
| Unrealized gain on investment held in Trust Account | ( |
) | ||||||
| Change in fair value of convertible notes | ( |
) | ||||||
| Change in fair value of warrant liabilities | ||||||||
| Changes in current assets and current liabilities: | ||||||||
| Prepaid expenses | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||
| Accrued expenses | ||||||||
| Franchise tax payable | ( |
) | ||||||
| Income tax payable | ||||||||
| Deferred income tax liability | ||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | ( |
) | ||||||
| Cash flows from investing activities: | ||||||||
| Cash deposited in Trust Account | ( |
) | ||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | ( |
) | ||||||
| Cash flows from financing activities: | ||||||||
| Proceeds from issuance of insider shares to the initial stockholders | ||||||||
| Proceeds from issuance of convertible promissory notes to related party | ||||||||
| Payment of deferred offering costs | ( |
) | ||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | ( |
) | ||||||
| Net change in cash | ( |
) | ||||||
| Cash, beginning of the period | ||||||||
| Cash, end of the period | $ | $ | ||||||
| Supplemental Disclosure of Non-cash Financing Activities | ||||||||
| Accretion of Common stock to redemption value | $ | $ | ||||||
| Exercise tax liability | $ | $ | ||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.
4
REDWOODS ACQUISITION CORP.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1 — Description of Organization and Business Operations
Redwoods Acquisition Corp. (the “Company”) is a newly organized blank check company incorporated as a Delaware corporation on March 16, 2021. The Company was formed for the purpose of effecting a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, share purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses or entities (“Business Combination”). The Company is not limited to a particular industry or geographic region for purposes of consummating a Business Combination.
As of March 31, 2023, the Company had not commenced any operations. All activities through March 31, 2023 are related to the Company’s formation, the initial public offering (“IPO” as defined below in Note 4) and, subsequent to the IPO, identifying a target company for a Business Combination. The Company will not generate any operating revenues until after the completion of a Business Combination, at the earliest. The Company generates non-operating income in the form of interest income from the proceeds derived from the IPO. The Company has selected December 31 as its fiscal year end.
The Company’s sponsor is Redwoods Capital LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Sponsor”).
The registration statement for the Company’s
IPO became effective on March 30, 2022. On April 4, 2022, the Company consummated the IPO of
The Company granted the underwriters a 45-day
option to purchase up to
Transaction costs amounted to $
Upon the closing of the IPO and the sale of Private
Units on April 4, 2022, and the exercise of the over-allotment option and the sale of the additional Private Units on April 7, 2022, a
total of $
On March 31, 2023, the Company held a special meeting
of stockholders, at which the Company’s stockholders approved (i) an amendment to the Company’s amended and restated certificate
of incorporation (the “Extension Amendment”) and (ii) an amendment (the “Trust Amendment”) to the Investment Management
Trust Agreement, dated March 30, 2022, by and between the Company and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as trustee, extending
the date by which the Company must consummate a Business Combination from April 4, 2023 to July 4, 2023, with the ability to further extend
the deadline on a monthly basis up to five times from July 4, 2023 to December 4, 2023. In connection with the stockholders’ vote
at the special meeting, an aggregate of
5
REDWOODS ACQUISITION CORP.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
As a result of the stockholder approval of the Extension
Amendment and the Trust Amendment, the Sponsor, or any of their respective affiliates or designees, agreed to deposit into the Trust Account
$
The Company will provide its holders of the outstanding
Public Shares (the “Public Stockholders”) with the opportunity to redeem all or a portion of their Public Shares upon the
completion of a Business Combination either (i) in connection with a stockholder meeting called to approve the Business Combination or
(ii) by means of a tender offer. The decision as to whether the Company will seek stockholder approval of a Business Combination or conduct
a tender offer will be made by the Company, solely in its discretion. The Public Stockholders will be entitled to redeem their Public
Shares for a pro rata portion of the amount then in the Trust Account (initially anticipated to be $
If a stockholder vote is not required by law and the Company does not decide to hold a stockholder vote for business or other legal reasons, the Company will, pursuant to its Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation”), conduct the redemptions pursuant to the tender offer rules of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and file tender offer documents with the SEC prior to completing a Business Combination. If, however, stockholder approval of the transaction is required by law, or the Company decides to obtain stockholder approval for business or legal reasons, the Company will offer to redeem shares in conjunction with a proxy solicitation pursuant to the proxy rules and not pursuant to the tender offer rules. Additionally, each public stockholder may elect to redeem their Public Shares irrespective of whether they vote for or against the proposed transaction. If the Company seeks stockholder approval in connection with a Business Combination, the Company’s Sponsor and any of the Company’s officers or directors that may hold Insider Shares (as defined in Note 6) (the “Initial Stockholders”) and Chardan have agreed (a) to vote their Insider Shares, the shares underlying the Private Units (“Private Shares”) and any Public Shares purchased during or after the IPO in favor of approving a Business Combination and (b) not to convert any shares (including the Insider Shares) in connection with a stockholder vote to approve, or sell the shares to the Company in any tender offer in connection with, a proposed Business Combination.
The Initial Stockholders and Chardan have agreed
(a) to waive their redemption rights with respect to the Insider Shares, Private Shares and Public Shares held by them in connection with
the completion of a Business Combination and (b) not to propose, or vote in favor of, an amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate
of Incorporation that would affect the substance or timing of the Company’s obligation to redeem
The Company has until July 4, 2023 to consummate
a Business Combination.
6
REDWOODS ACQUISITION CORP.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
If the Company is unable to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period, the Company will (i) cease all operations except for the purpose of winding up, (ii) as promptly as reasonably possible but not more than ten business days thereafter, redeem the Public Shares, at a per-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the Trust Account including interest (which interest shall be net of taxes payable, and less certain amount of interest to pay dissolution expenses) divided by the number of then outstanding Public Shares, which redemption will completely extinguish public stockholders’ rights as stockholders (including the right to receive further liquidating distributions, if any), subject to applicable law, and (iii) as promptly as reasonably possible following such redemption, subject to the approval of the Company’s remaining stockholders and the Company’s board of directors, dissolve and liquidate, subject in each case to the Company’s obligations under Delaware law to provide for claims of creditors and the requirements of other applicable law.
The Initial Stockholders and Chardan have agreed
to waive their liquidation rights with respect to the Insider Shares and Private Shares, as applicable, if the Company fails to complete
a Business Combination within the Combination Period. However, if any Initial Stockholder or Chardan acquires Public Shares in or after
the IPO, such Public Shares will be entitled to liquidating distributions from the Trust Account if the Company fails to complete a Business
Combination within the Combination Period. The underwriters have agreed to waive their rights to their deferred underwriting commissions
(see Note 7) held in the Trust Account in the event the Company does not complete a Business Combination within in the Combination Period
and, in such event, such amounts will be included with the other funds held in the Trust Account that will be available to fund the redemption
of the Public Shares. In the event of such distribution, it is possible that the per share value of the assets remaining available for
distribution will be less than $
In order to protect the amounts held in the Trust
Account, the Sponsor has agreed to be liable to the Company if and to the extent any claims by a third party (excluding the Company’s
independent registered public accounting firm) for services rendered or products sold to the Company, or a prospective target business
with which the Company has entered into a written letter of intent, confidentiality or similar agreement or business combination agreement,
reduce the amount of funds in the Trust Account to below the lesser of (i) $
Liquidity, Capital Resources and Going Concern
As of March 31, 2023, the Company had cash of $
The Company expects to continue to incur significant professional costs to remain as a publicly traded company and to incur significant transaction costs in pursuit of the consummation of a Business Combination. The Company may need to obtain additional financing either to complete its Business Combination or because it becomes obligated to redeem a significant number of public shares upon consummation of its Business Combination, in which case the Company may issue additional securities or incur debt in connection with such Business Combination. Subject to compliance with applicable securities laws, the Company would only complete such financing simultaneously with the completion of our Business Combination. If the Company is unable to complete its Business Combination because it does not have sufficient funds available, it will be forced to cease operations and liquidate the Trust Account. In addition, following the Business Combination, if cash on hand is insufficient, the Company may need to obtain additional financing in order to meet its obligations.
7
REDWOODS ACQUISITION CORP.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
In connection with the Company’s assessment of going concern considerations in accordance with Financial Accounting Standard Board’s Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-15, “Disclosures of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern”, the Company has until July 4, 2023 (or December 4, 2023, if the Company extends the time to complete a Business Combination) to complete a Business Combination. It is uncertain that the Company will be able to consummate a Business Combination by this time. If a Business Combination is not consummated by such date and an extension has not been requested by the Sponsor and approved by the Company’s stockholders, there will be a mandatory liquidation and subsequent dissolution of the Company. Management has determined that the date for liquidation and subsequent dissolution as well as liquidity concerns raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statement does not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Risks and Uncertainties
Management is currently evaluating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the industry and has concluded that while it is reasonably possible that the virus could have a negative effect on the Company’s future financial position, results of its operations and/or search for a target company, there has not been a significant impact as of the date of these unaudited condensed financial statements. The unaudited condensed financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the future outcome of this uncertainty.
Additionally, as a result of the military action commenced in February 2022 by the Russian Federation and Belarus in the country of Ukraine and related economic sanctions, the Company’s ability to consummate a Business Combination, or the operations of a target business with which the Company ultimately consummates a Business Combination, may be materially and adversely affected. In addition, the Company’s ability to consummate a transaction may be dependent on the ability to raise equity and debt financing which may be impacted by these events, including as a result of increased market volatility, or decreased market liquidity in third-party financing being unavailable on terms acceptable to the Company or at all. The impact of this action and related sanctions on the world economy and the specific impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations and/or ability to consummate a Business Combination are not yet determinable. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Inflation Reduction Act of 2022
On August 16, 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (the “IR Act”) was signed into federal law. The IR Act provides for, among other things, a new U.S. federal 1% excise tax on certain repurchases (including redemptions) of stock by publicly traded domestic (i.e., U.S.) corporations and certain domestic subsidiaries of publicly traded foreign corporations. The excise tax is imposed on the repurchasing corporation itself, not its shareholders from which shares are repurchased. The amount of the excise tax is generally 1% of the fair market value of the shares repurchased at the time of the repurchase. However, for purposes of calculating the excise tax, repurchasing corporations are permitted to net the fair market value of certain new stock issuances against the fair market value of stock repurchases during the same taxable year. In addition, certain exceptions apply to the excise tax. The U.S. Department of the Treasury (the “Treasury”) has been given authority to provide regulations and other guidance to carry out and prevent the abuse or avoidance of the excise tax. The IR Act applies only to repurchases that occur after December 31, 2022.
Any redemption or other repurchase that occurs after December 31, 2022, in connection with a Business Combination, extension vote or otherwise, may be subject to the excise tax. Whether and to what extent the Company would be subject to the excise tax in connection with a Business Combination, extension vote or otherwise would depend on a number of factors, including (i) the fair market value of the redemptions and repurchases in connection with the Business Combination, extension or otherwise, (ii) the structure of a Business Combination, (iii) the nature and amount of any “PIPE” or other equity issuances in connection with a Business Combination (or otherwise issued not in connection with a Business Combination but issued within the same taxable year of a Business Combination) and (iv) the content of regulations and other guidance from the Treasury. In addition, because the excise tax would be payable by the Company and not by the redeeming holders, the mechanics of any required payment of the excise tax have not been determined. The foregoing could cause a reduction in the cash available on hand to complete a Business Combination and in the Company’s ability to complete a Business Combination.
At this time, it has been determined that the IR Act tax provisions would have an impact to the Company’s fiscal 2023 tax provision as there were redemptions by the public stockholders in March 2023; as a result, the Company recorded $631,696 exercise tax liability as of March 31, 2023. The Company will continue to monitor for updates to the Company’s business along with guidance issued with respect to the IR Act to determine whether any adjustments are needed to the Company’s tax provision in future periods.
8
REDWOODS ACQUISITION CORP.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 2 — Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements are presented in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC, and include all normal and recurring adjustments that management of the Company considers necessary for a fair presentation of its financial position and operation results. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2023 or any future period. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K as filed with the SEC on April 10, 2023.
Emerging Growth Company
The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, (the “JOBS Act”), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.
Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such an election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s financial statements with another public company which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.
Use of Estimates
In preparing these unaudited condensed financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP, the Company’s management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited condensed financial statements and the reported expenses during the reporting period.
Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the unaudited condensed financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. Accordingly, the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all short-term investments
with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company had $
9
REDWOODS ACQUISITION CORP.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Investments Held in Trust Account
As of March 31, 2023, the assets held in the Trust Account were held in cash and U.S. Treasury securities. The Company classifies its U.S. Treasury securities as trading securities in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 320, “Investments—Debt and Equity Securities.” Trading securities are presented on balance sheets at fair value at the end of each reporting period. Gains and losses resulting from the change in fair value of these securities is included in gain on investments held in Trust Account in the accompanying statement of operations. The estimated fair values of all assets held in the Trust Account are determined using available market information and classified as Level 1 measurements.
Offering Costs
The Company complies with the requirements of
FASB ASC Topic 340-10-S99-1, “Other Assets and Deferred Costs – SEC Materials” (“ASC 340-10-S99”) and SEC
Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 5A, “Expenses of Offering”. Offering costs were $
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes under ASC 740, “Income Taxes.” ASC 740, Income Taxes, requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for both the expected impact of differences between the unaudited condensed financial statements and tax basis of assets and liabilities and for the expected future tax benefit to be derived from tax loss and tax credit carry forwards. ASC 740 additionally requires a valuation allowance to be established when it is more likely than not that all or a portion of deferred tax assets will not be realized.
The Company’s effective tax rate was
ASC 740 also clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement process for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. ASC 740 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim period, disclosure and transition.
While ASC 740 identifies usage of an effective annual tax rate for purposes of an interim provision, it does allow for estimating individual elements in the current period if they are significant, unusual or infrequent. Computing the effective tax rate for the Company is complicated due to the potential impact of the timing of any Business Combination expenses and the actual interest income that will be recognized during the year. The Company has taken a position as to the calculation of income tax expense in a current period based on ASC 740-270-25-3 which states, “If an entity is unable to estimate a part of its ordinary income (or loss) or the related tax (benefit) but is otherwise able to make a reasonable estimate, the tax (or benefit) applicable to the item that cannot be estimated shall be reported in the interim period in which the item is reported.” The Company believes its calculation to be a reliable estimate and allows it to properly take into account the usual elements that can impact its annualized book income and its impact on the effective tax rate. As such, the Company is computing its taxable income (loss) and associated income tax provision based on actual results through March 31, 2023.
The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. There were no unrecognized tax benefits and no amounts accrued for interest and penalties as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position.
10
REDWOODS ACQUISITION CORP.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The Company has identified the United States and the State of New York as its only “major” tax jurisdiction. The Company is subject to income taxation by major taxing authorities since inception. These examinations may include questioning the timing and amount of deductions, the nexus of income among various tax jurisdictions and compliance with federal and state tax laws. The Company’s management does not expect that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will materially change over the next twelve months.
Net Loss Per Share
The Company complies with accounting and disclosure requirements of FASB ASC 260, Earnings Per Share. The unaudited condensed statements of operations include a presentation of income (loss) per redeemable share and income (loss) per non-redeemable share following the two-class method of income per share. In order to determine the net income (loss) attributable to both the redeemable shares and non-redeemable shares, the Company first considered the undistributed income (loss) allocable to both the redeemable shares and non-redeemable shares and the undistributed income (loss) is calculated using the total net loss less any dividends paid. The Company then allocated the undistributed income (loss) ratably based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding between the redeemable and non-redeemable shares. Any remeasurement of the accretion to redemption value of the common shares subject to possible redemption was considered to be dividends paid to the public shareholders. As of March 31, 2023, the Company did not have any dilutive securities and other contracts that could, potentially, be exercised or converted into common shares and then share in the earnings of the Company. As a result, diluted loss per share is the same as basic loss per share for the period presented.
The net income (loss) per share presented in the unaudited condensed statement of operations is based on the following:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | $ | ( | ) | ||||
| Accretion of common stock to redemption value | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net loss including accretion of common stock to redemption value | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | |||
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 | Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 | |||||||||||||||
| Redeemable shares | Non- redeemable shares | Redeemable shares | Non- redeemable shares | |||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted net income (loss) per common stock | ||||||||||||||||
| Numerator: | ||||||||||||||||
| Allocation of net loss | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | ||||||
| Accretion of ordinary shares subject to possible redemption to redemption value | ||||||||||||||||
| Allocation of net income (loss) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Denominator: | ||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | |||||||||
11
REDWOODS ACQUISITION CORP.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist of a cash account in a financial institution and money market funds held in the Trust Account. The Company has not experienced losses on this account and management believes the Company is not exposed to significant risks on such account.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
FASB ASC Topic 820 “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” defines fair value, the methods used to measure fair value and the expanded disclosures about fair value measurements. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between the buyer and the seller at the measurement date. In determining fair value, the valuation techniques consistent with the market approach, income approach and cost approach shall be used to measure fair value. FASB ASC Topic 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy for inputs, which represent the assumptions used by the buyer and seller in pricing the asset or liability. These inputs are further defined as observable and unobservable inputs. Observable inputs are those that buyer and seller would use in pricing the asset or liability based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s assumptions about the inputs that the buyer and seller would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances.
The fair value hierarchy is categorized into three levels based on the inputs as follows:
| Level 1 — | Valuations based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access. Valuation adjustments and block discounts are not being applied. Since valuations are based on quoted prices that are readily and regularly available in an active market, valuation of these securities does not entail a significant degree of judgment. |
| Level 2 — | Valuations based on (i) quoted prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities, (ii) quoted prices in markets that are not active for identical or similar assets, (iii) inputs other than quoted prices for the assets or liabilities, or (iv) inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by market through correlation or other means. |
| Level 3 — | Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. |
The fair value of the Company’s certain assets and liabilities, which qualify as financial instruments under ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” approximates the carrying amounts represented in the consolidated balance sheet. The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, and other current assets, accrued expenses, due to sponsor are estimated to approximate the carrying values as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 due to the short maturities of such instruments. See Note 9 for the disclosure of the Company’s assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis.
Convertible Promissory Note
The Company accounts for their convertible promissory notes under ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging” (“ASC 815”). Under ASC 815-15-25, the election can be at the inception of a financial instrument to account for the instrument under the fair value option under ASC 825. The Company has made such election for their convertible promissory notes. Using the fair value option, each convertible promissory note is required to be recorded at its initial fair value on the date of issuance, and each balance sheet date thereafter. Changes in the estimated fair value of the notes are recognized as a non-cash gain or loss on the statements of operations.
Warrants
The Company accounts for warrants (Public Warrants or Private Warrants) as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480, meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company’s own common shares and whether the warrant holders could potentially require “net cash settlement” in a circumstance outside of the Company’s control, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the warrants are outstanding.
For issued or modified warrants that meet all of the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as a component of equity at the time of issuance. For issued or modified warrants that do not meet all the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as liabilities at their initial fair value on the date of issuance, and each balance sheet date thereafter. Changes in the estimated fair value of the warrants are recognized as a non-cash gain or loss on the statements of operations. The Company has elected to account for its Public Warrants as equity and the Private Warrants as liabilities.
12
REDWOODS ACQUISITION CORP.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption
The Company accounts for its common stock subject to possible redemption in accordance with the guidance in ASC Topic 480 “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.” Common stock subject to mandatory redemption (if any) are classified as a liability instrument and are measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable common stock (including common stock that feature redemption rights that is either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company’s control) is classified as temporary equity. At all other times, common stock is classified as stockholders’ equity. The Company’s common stock features certain redemption rights that are considered to be outside of the Company’s control and subject to occurrence of uncertain future events. The Company recognizes changes in redemption value immediately as they occur and adjusts the carrying value of redeemable common stock to equal the redemption value at the end of each reporting period. Increases or decreases in the carrying amount of shares of redeemable common stock are affected by charges against additional paid in capital or accumulated deficit if additional paid in capital equals to zero.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In August 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2020-06, Debt — Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging — Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40) (“ASU 2020-06”) to simplify accounting for certain financial instruments. ASU 2020-06 eliminates the current models that require separation of beneficial conversion and cash conversion features from convertible instruments and simplifies the derivative scope exception guidance pertaining to equity classification of contracts in an entity’s own equity. The new standard also introduces additional disclosures for convertible debt and freestanding instruments that are indexed to and settled in an entity’s own equity. ASU 2020-06 amends the diluted earnings per share guidance, including the requirement to use the if-converted method for all convertible instruments. ASU 2020-06 is effective January 1, 2024 for the Company and should be applied on a full or modified retrospective basis, with early adoption permitted beginning on January 1, 2021. The Company is currently assessing the impact, if any, that ASU 2020-06 would have on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Management does not believe that any recently issued, but not effective, accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s unaudited condensed financial statements.
Note 3 — Cash and Investment Held in Trust Account
As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, investment
securities in the Company’s Trust Account consisted of $
The following table presents information about the Company’s assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2023 and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation inputs the Company utilized to determine such fair value.
March 31, 2023 | Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1) | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Significant Other Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | |||||||||||||
| Assets | ||||||||||||||||
| Marketable securities held in Trust Account | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
December 31, 2022 | Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1) | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Significant Other Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | |||||||||||||
| Assets | ||||||||||||||||
| Marketable securities held in Trust Account | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
13
REDWOODS ACQUISITION CORP.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 4 — Initial Public Offering
On April 4, 2022, pursuant to its initial public
offering (the “IPO”), the Company sold
All of the
The Company’s redeemable common stock is subject to SEC and its staff’s guidance on redeemable equity instruments, which has been codified in ASC 480-10-S99. If it is probable that the equity instrument will become redeemable, the Company has the option to either accrete changes in the redemption value over the period from the date of issuance (or from the date that it becomes probable that the instrument will become redeemable, if later) to the earliest redemption date of the instrument or to recognize changes in the redemption value immediately as they occur and adjust the carrying amount of the instrument to equal the redemption value at the end of each reporting period. The Company has elected to recognize the changes immediately. The accretion or remeasurement is treated as a deemed dividend (i.e., a reduction to retained earnings, or in absence of retained earnings, additional paid-in capital).
As of March 31, 2023, the shares of common stock reflected on the balance sheet are reconciled in the following table.
| Gross proceeds | $ | |||
| Less: | ||||
| Proceeds allocated to Public Warrants | ( | ) | ||
| Proceeds allocated to Public Rights | ( | ) | ||
| Offering costs of Public Shares | ( | ) | ||
| Plus: | ||||
| Accretion of carrying value to redemption value | ||||
| Class A Common stock subject to possible redemption– December 31, 2022 | $ | |||
| Plus: | ||||
| Accretion of carrying value to redemption value – three months period ended March 31, 2023 | ||||
| Redeemed common stock payable to public stockholders | ( | ) | ||
| Class A Common stock subject to possible redemption– March 31, 2023 | $ |
14
REDWOODS ACQUISITION CORP.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 5 — Private Placement
Simultaneously with the closing of the IPO, the
Sponsor and Chardan purchased an aggregate of
Note 6 — Related Party Transactions
Insider Shares
On January 4, 2022, the Company issued
Promissory Note — Related Party
On January 4, 2022 and February 28, 2022, the
Sponsor agreed to loan the Company up to an aggregate amount of $
On March 22, 2023, the Company issued an unsecured, non-interest bearing
promissory note in the principal amount of $
15
REDWOODS ACQUISITION CORP.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Related Party Loans
In addition, in order to finance transaction costs
in connection with searching for a target business or consummating an intended initial business combination, the initial stockholders,
officers, directors or their affiliates may, but are not obligated to, loan us funds as may be required. In the event that the initial
business combination does not close, the Company may use a portion of the working capital held outside the trust account to repay such
loaned amounts, but no proceeds from the Trust Account would be used for such repayment. Such loans would be evidenced by promissory notes.
The notes would either be paid upon consummation of our initial business combination, without interest, or, at the lender’s discretion,
up to $
As of March 31, 2023, the Company had no borrowings under the working capital loans.
Administrative Services Agreement
The Company entered into an agreement, commencing
on the effective date of the IPO through the earlier of the Company’s consummation of a Business Combination and its liquidation,
to pay the Sponsor a total of $
Note 7 — Commitments and Contingencies
Registration Rights
The holders of the insider shares, the private units, securities underlying the Unit Purchase Option and any units that may be issued upon conversion of working capital loans or extension loans (and any securities underlying the private units or units issued upon conversion of the working capital loans or extension loans) will be entitled to registration rights pursuant to a registration rights agreement signed on the effective date of the IPO. The holders of a majority of these securities are entitled to make up to two demands (or one demand with respect to the securities underlying the Unit Purchase Option) that the Company register such securities. The holders of the majority of the Insider Shares can elect to exercise these registration rights at any time commencing three months prior to the date on which these shares of common stock are to be released from escrow. The holders of a majority of the private units and units issued in payment of working capital loans made to us can elect to exercise these registration rights at any time commencing on the date that the Company consummate an initial business combination. In addition, the holders have certain “piggy-back” registration rights with respect to registration statements filed subsequent to the consummation of an initial business combination. Furthermore, notwithstanding the foregoing, pursuant to FINRA Rule 5110, Chardan may not exercise its demand and “piggyback” registration rights after five and seven years, respectively, after the commencement of sales of this offering and may not exercise its demand rights on more than one occasion. The Company will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements.
Underwriting Agreement
Pursuant to an underwriting agreement in connection
with the IPO, the Company granted Chardan, the representative of the underwriters, a 45-day option from the date of the prospectus for
the IPO to purchase up to
The underwriters were paid a cash underwriting
discount of
16
REDWOODS ACQUISITION CORP.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Unit Purchase Option
Simultaneously with the IPO (including the closing
of the over-allotment option), the Company sold to Chardan, for $
Right of First Refusal
The Company has granted Chardan a right of first refusal, for a period of 18 months after the date of the consummation of a Business Combination, to act as a book-running manager or placement agent, with at least 30% of the economics, for any and all future public and private equity, equity linked and debt offerings of the Company or any of its successors or subsidiaries.
Note 8 — Stockholders’ Equity
Common Stock — The
Company is authorized to issue
Rights — Each holder of a right will receive one-tenth (1/10) of one share of common stock upon consummation of a Business Combination, even if the holder of such right redeemed all shares held by it in connection with a Business Combination. No fractional shares will be issued upon conversion of the rights. No additional consideration will be required to be paid by a holder of rights in order to receive its additional shares upon consummation of a Business Combination, as the consideration related thereto has been included in the unit purchase price paid for by investors in the IPO. If the Company enters into a definitive agreement for a Business Combination in which the Company will not be the surviving entity, the definitive agreement will provide for the holders of rights to receive the same per share consideration the holders of the common stock will receive in the transaction on an as-converted into common stock basis and each holder of a right will be required to affirmatively covert its rights in order to receive 1/10 share underlying each right (without paying additional consideration). The shares issuable upon conversion of the rights will be freely tradable (except to the extent held by affiliates of the Company).
If the Company is unable to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period and the Company liquidates the funds held in the Trust Account, holders of rights will not receive any of such funds with respect to their rights, nor will they receive any distribution from the Company’s assets held outside of the Trust Account with respect to such rights, and the rights will expire worthless. Further, there are no contractual penalties for failure to deliver securities to the holders of the rights upon consummation of a Business Combination. Additionally, in no event will the Company be required to net cash settle the rights. Accordingly, holders of the rights might not receive the shares of common stock underlying the rights.
17
REDWOODS ACQUISITION CORP.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Warrants — Each
redeemable warrant entitles the holder thereof to purchase one share of common stock at a price of $
In addition, if (x) the Company issues additional
shares of common stock or equity-linked securities for capital raising purposes in connection with the closing of the Company’s
initial Business Combination at an issue price or effective issue price of less than $
The Company may redeem the outstanding Public Warrants at any time while the warrants are exercisable:
| ● | in whole and not in part; | |
| ● | at a price of $ | |
| ● | upon a minimum of 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption, which the Company refers to as the 30-day redemption period; | |
| ● | if, and only if, the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock equals or exceeds $ |
If the Company calls the Public Warrants for redemption, management will have the option to require all holders that wish to exercise the Public Warrants to do so on a “cashless basis,” as described in the warrant agreement. In such event, each holder would pay the exercise price by surrendering the whole warrants for that number of shares of common stock equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the product of the number of shares of common stock underlying the warrants, multiplied by the difference between the exercise price of the warrants and the “fair market value” (defined below) by (y) the fair market value. The “fair market value” shall mean the average reported last sale price of the common stock for the 10 trading days ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which the notice of redemption is sent to the holders of warrants.
Except as described above, no warrants will be exercisable and the Company will not be obligated to issue common stock unless at the time a holder seeks to exercise such warrant, a prospectus relating to the common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants is current and the common stock have been registered or qualified or deemed to be exempt under the securities laws of the state of residence of the holder of the warrants. Under the terms of the warrant agreement, the Company has agreed to use its best efforts to meet these conditions and to maintain a current prospectus relating to the common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants until the expiration of the warrants. However, the Company cannot assure that it will be able to do so and, if the Company does not maintain a current prospectus relating to the common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants, holders will be unable to exercise their warrants and the Company will not be required to settle any such warrant exercise. If the prospectus relating to the common stock issuable upon the exercise of the warrants is not current or if the common stock is not qualified or exempt from qualification in the jurisdictions in which the holders of the warrants reside, the Company will not be required to net cash settle or cash settle the warrant exercise, the warrants may have no value, the market for the warrants may be limited and the warrants may expire worthless.
18
REDWOODS ACQUISITION CORP.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The private warrants have terms and provisions that are identical to those of the warrants being sold as part of the units in the IPO, except that the private warrants (i) will be exercisable either for cash or on a cashless basis at the holder’s option and (ii) will not be redeemable by the Company, in either case as long as the private warrants are held by the initial purchasers or any of their permitted transferees.
Note 9 —Fair Value Measurements
The fair value of the Company’s consolidated financial assets and liabilities reflects management’s estimate of amounts that the Company would have received in connection with the sale of the assets or paid in connection with the transfer of the liabilities in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In connection with measuring the fair value of its assets and liabilities, the Company seeks to maximize the use of observable inputs (market data obtained from independent sources) and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs (internal assumptions about how market participants would price assets and liabilities). The following fair value hierarchy is used to classify assets and liabilities based on the observable inputs and unobservable inputs used in order to value the assets and liabilities:
| Level 1: | Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. An active market for an asset or liability is a market in which transactions for the asset or liability occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis. |
| Level 2: | Observable inputs other than Level 1 inputs. Examples of Level 2 inputs include quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities and quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets that are not active. |
| Level 3: | Unobservable inputs based on the assessment of the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. |
The following table presents information about the Company’s liabilities that are measured at fair value on March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation inputs the Company utilized to determine such fair value:
| March 31, 2023 |
Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1) |
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |
Significant Other Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |
|||||||||||||
| Liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||
| Warrant liability | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Convertible Note 1 | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Convertible Note 2 | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2022 |
Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1) |
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |
Significant Other Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |
|||||||||||||
| Liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||
| Warrant liability | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Convertible Note 1 | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Convertible Note 2 | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
The private warrants are accounted for as liabilities in accordance with ASC 815-40 and are presented within warrant liabilities on the balance sheet. Changes in the fair value of the warrants are recorded in the statement of operations each period.
19
REDWOODS ACQUISITION CORP.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The table below shows the change in fair value of warrant liabilities as of March 31, 2023:
| Private Warrants | Total | |||||||
| Fair value at January 1, 2023 | $ | $ | ||||||
| Change in fair value | ||||||||
| Fair value as of March 31, 2023 | $ | $ | ||||||
The Company established the initial fair value
for the private warrants at $
The key inputs into the Black-Scholes model were as follows at their measurement date:
| March 31, 2023 | April 4, 2022 (initial measurement) | |||||||
| Exercise Price | $ | $ | ||||||
| Underlying share price | $ | $ | ||||||
| Expected Volatility | % | % | ||||||
| Warrant life (years) | ||||||||
| Risk-free rate | % | % | ||||||
The fair value of the Convertible Note 1 was estimated
at the as converted value at March 31, 2023 and initial measurement date of March 22, 2023 to be $
| March 30, 2023 Convertible Note 2 | March 22, 2023 Convertible Note 1 | |||||||
| Strike Price | $ | $ | ||||||
| Spot Price | $ | $ | ||||||
| Time to maturity | ||||||||
| Business combination success rate | % | % | ||||||
| Expected Volatility | % | % | ||||||
| Expected dividend rate | % | % | ||||||
| Risk-free rate | % | % | ||||||
The following table presents the changes in the fair value of the Level 3 Convertible Notes:
| Fair value as of January 1, 2023 | $ | |||
| Proceeds received through Convertible Note 1 on March 22, 2023 | ||||
| Proceeds received through Convertible Note 2 on March 30, 2023 | ||||
| Change in valuation inputs or other assumptions | ( |
) | ||
| Fair value as of March 31, 2023 | $ |
Note 10 — Subsequent Events
In accordance with ASC 855, “Subsequent Events,” the Company evaluated subsequent events and transactions that occurred after the balance sheet date up to the date that the unaudited condensed financial statements were issued. Based on this review, the Company did not identify any subsequent events that would have required disclosure in the unaudited condensed financial statements.
20
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
References in this report (this “Quarterly Report”) to “we,” “us” or the “Company” refer to Redwoods Acquisition Corp. References to our “management” or our “management team” refer to our officers and directors. The following discussion and analysis of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed financial statements and the notes thereto contained elsewhere in this Quarterly Report. Certain information contained in the discussion and analysis set forth below includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties.
Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This Quarterly Report includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), that are not historical facts and involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expected and projected. All statements, other than statements of historical fact included in this Quarterly Report, including, without limitation, statements in this “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” regarding the search for an initial business combination, the Company’s financial position, business strategy and the plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements. Words such as “expect,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “estimate,” “seek” and variations and similar words and expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements relate to future events or future performance, but reflect management’s current beliefs, based on information currently available. A number of factors could cause actual events, performance or results to differ materially from the events, performance and results discussed in the forward-looking statements. For information identifying important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements, please refer to the Risk Factors section of the Company’s final prospectus for its initial public offering filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The Company’s filings with the SEC can be accessed on the EDGAR section of the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Except as expressly required by applicable securities law, the Company disclaims any intention or obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Overview
We are a blank check company incorporated in Delaware on March 16, 2021. We were formed for the purpose of entering into a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, recapitalization, reorganization or other similar business combination with one or more target businesses, which we refer to herein as our “initial business combination.” Our efforts to identify a prospective target business are not limited to any particular industry or geographic region, although we intend to focus on the carbon neutral and energy storage industries. We intend to utilize cash derived from the proceeds of our initial public offering (“IPO” as defined below) and the private placement of Private Units (as defined below), our securities, debt or a combination of cash, securities and debt, in effecting our initial business combination.
The issuance of additional shares of capital stock in connection with our initial business combination:
| ● | may significantly dilute the equity interest of our stockholders who would not have pre-emption rights in respect of any such issuance; |
| ● | may subordinate the rights of holders of shares of common stock if we issue shares of preferred stock with rights senior to those afforded to our shares of common stock; |
| ● | could cause a change in control if a substantial number of our shares of common stock are issued, which may affect, among other things, our ability to use our net operating loss carry forwards, if any, and could result in the resignation or removal of our present officers and directors; |
| ● | may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control of us by diluting the stock ownership or voting rights of a person seeking to obtain control of us; and |
| ● | may adversely affect prevailing market prices for our securities. |
21
Similarly, if we issue debt securities or otherwise incur significant debt, it could result in:
| ● | default and foreclosure on our assets if our operating revenues after an initial business combination are insufficient to repay our debt obligations; |
| ● | acceleration of our obligations to repay the indebtedness even if we make all principal and interest payments when due if we breach certain covenants that require the maintenance of certain financial ratios or reserves without a waiver or renegotiation of that covenant; |
| ● | our immediate payment of all principal and accrued interest, if any, if the debt security is payable on demand; |
| ● | our inability to obtain necessary additional financing if the debt security contains covenants restricting our ability to obtain such financing while the debt security is outstanding; |
| ● | using a substantial portion of our cash flow to pay principal and interest on our debt, which will reduce the funds available for dividends on our common stock if declared, our ability to pay expenses, make capital expenditures and acquisitions, and fund other general corporate purposes; |
| ● | limitations on our flexibility in planning for and reacting to changes in our business and in the industry in which we operate; |
| ● | increased vulnerability to adverse changes in general economic, industry and competitive conditions and adverse changes in government regulation; and |
| ● | limitations on our ability to borrow additional amounts for expenses, capital expenditures, acquisitions, debt service requirements, execution of our strategy, and other purposes and other disadvantages compared to our competitors who have less debt. |
We expect to continue to incur significant costs in the pursuit of our acquisition plans. We cannot assure you that our plans to complete an initial business combination will be successful.
Results of Operations
We have neither engaged in any operations nor generated any operating revenues to date. Our only activities through March 31, 2023 were organizational activities and those necessary to prepare for our IPO, which is described below, and subsequent to the IPO, identifying a target company for an initial business combination. We do not expect to generate any operating revenues until after the completion of our initial business combination. We generate non-operating income in the form of interest income on cash and cash equivalents held in the Trust Account, which is described below. There has been no significant change in our financial or trading position and no material adverse change has occurred since the date of our audited financial statements. We incur expenses as a result of being a public company (for legal, financial reporting, accounting and auditing compliance), as well as for due diligence expenses in connection with searching for, and completing, an initial business combination.
For the three months ended March 31, 2023, we had net income of $1,120,611 which consisted of general and administrative expenses of $293,654, franchise tax of $32,100, increase in fair value of warrant liabilities of $10,600, change in fair value of convertible promissory notes of $462,670 and income tax expense of $255,773, offset by interest earned on the investments held in the Trust Account of $1,250,067. For the three months ended March 31, 2022, we had a net loss of $5,010, all of which were derived from general and administrative expenses.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
On April 4, 2022, we completed our initial public offering (“IPO”) of 10,000,000 units (the “Public Units”), at $10.00 per Public Unit, generating gross proceeds of $100,000,000. Each Public Unit consisted of one share of common stock, par value $0.0001, one redeemable warrant and one right to receive one-tenth (1/10) of a share of common stock upon the consummation of an initial business combination. Simultaneously with the closing of the IPO, we completed the sale of 477,500 units (the “Private Units”) in a private placement, at a price of $10.00 per Private Unit, generating gross proceeds of $4,775,000. The Private Units are identical to the Public Units sold in the IPO, except that the private warrants will be non-redeemable and may be exercised on a cashless basis, in each case so long as they continue to be held by their initial purchasers or their permitted transferees.
22
We granted the underwriters in the IPO a 45-day option to purchase up to 1,500,000 additional Public Units to cover over-allotments, if any. On April 7, 2022, the underwriters exercised the over-allotment option in full and purchased an additional 1,500,000 Public Units (the “Over-Allotment Units”), at a price of $10.00 per unit, generating gross proceeds of $15,000,000. Simultaneously with the closing of the exercise of the over-allotment option, we consummated the sale of 52,500 Private Units (the “Over-Allotment Private Units”) in a private placement, at a purchase price of $10.00 per Private Unit, generating gross proceeds of $525,000.
Simultaneously with the closing of the IPO, we issued to Chardan Capital Markets, LLC (“Chardan”), the representative of the underwriters, for an aggregate of $100.00, an option (the “UPO”) to purchase up to 345,000 units. The UPO is exercisable at any time, in whole or in part, commencing on the later of the consummation of the initial business combination and six months from the date of the prospectus for the IPO and expiring on the fifth anniversary of the date of the prospectus, at a price of $11.50 per unit.
Following the IPO and the private placement (including the Over-Allotment Units and the Over-Allotment Private Units), a total of $116,150,000 was placed in a trust account located in the United States established for the benefit of the Company’s public stockholders (the “Trust Account”). We incurred $8,365,339 of transaction costs, consisting of $2,875,000 of underwriting fees, $4,312,500 of deferred underwriting fees (payable only upon completion of an initial business combination) and $1,177,839 of other offering costs.
On March 31, 2023, we held a special meeting of stockholders, at which the Company’s stockholders approved (i) an amendment to the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation (the “Extension Amendment”) and (ii) an amendment (the “Trust Amendment”) to the Investment Management Trust Agreement, dated March 30, 2022, by and between the Company and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as trustee, extending the date by which the Company must consummate a business combination from April 4, 2023 to July 4, 2023, with the ability to further extend the deadline on a monthly basis up to five times from July 4, 2023 to December 4, 2023. In connection with the stockholders’ vote at the special meeting, an aggregate of 6,103,350 shares of the Company’s common stock were tendered for redemption representing a total redemption amount of $63,169,451 (or $10.35 per share).
As a result of the approval of the Extension Amendment and the Trust Amendment, Redwoods Capital LLC, or any of its affiliates or designees, agreed to deposit into the Trust Account $360,000 for the initial three-month extension and $120,000 per month for each subsequent one-month extension. The extension payment(s) will bear no interest and will be repayable by the Company to the contributors upon consummation of an initial business combination. The loans will be forgiven by the contributors if the Company is unable to consummate an initial business combination except to the extent of any funds held outside of the Trust Account.
As of March 31, 2023, we had marketable securities held in the Trust Account of $119,416,545 consisting of securities held in a treasury trust fund that invests in U.S. “government securities,” within the meaning set forth in Section 2(a)(16) of the Investment Company Act, with a maturity of 185 days or less. Interest income on the balance in the Trust Account may be used by us to pay taxes. Through March 31, 2023, we did not withdraw any interest earned on the Trust Account to pay our taxes. We intend to use substantially all of the funds held in the Trust Account, to acquire a target business and to pay our expenses relating thereto. To the extent that our capital stock is used in whole or in part as consideration to effect a Business Combination, the remaining funds held in the Trust Account will be used as working capital to finance the operations of the target business. Such working capital funds could be used in a variety of ways including continuing or expanding the target business’ operations, for strategic acquisitions and for marketing, research and development of existing or new products. Such funds could also be used to repay any operating expenses or finders’ fees which we had incurred prior to the completion of our Business Combination if the funds available to us outside of the Trust Account were insufficient to cover such expenses.
23
As of March 31, 2023, the Company had cash of $117,985 and a working capital deficit of $598,362 (excluding redemptions payable to public stockholders and income tax and franchise tax payable as these amounts will be paid out of the Trust Account). On March 22 and March 30, 2023, the Sponsor provided a loan of up to $150,000 and $360,000, respectively, to be used, in part, for transaction costs related to the Business Combination. Until consummation of the Business Combination, we intend to use the funds held outside the Trust Account for identifying and evaluating prospective acquisition candidates, performing business due diligence on prospective target businesses, traveling to and from the offices, plants or similar locations of prospective target businesses, reviewing corporate documents and material agreements of prospective target businesses, selecting the target business to acquire and structuring, negotiating and consummating the Business Combination. If our estimate of the costs of identifying a target business, undertaking in-depth due diligence and negotiating a Business Combination are less than the actual amount necessary to do so, we may have insufficient funds available to operate our business prior to our Business Combination. In this event, our officers, directors or their affiliates may, but are not obligated to, loan us funds as may be required. If we consummate an initial Business Combination, we would repay such loaned amounts out of the proceeds of the Trust Account released to us upon consummation of the Business Combination. In the event that a Business Combination does not close, we may use a portion of the working capital held outside the Trust Account to repay such loaned amounts, but no proceeds from our Trust Account would be used for such repayment. The terms of such loans by our initial shareholders, officers and directors, if any, have not been determined and no written agreements exist with respect to such loans.
The Company has incurred and expects to continue to incur significant professional costs to remain as a publicly traded company and to incur significant transaction costs in pursuit of the consummation of a Business Combination. If the Company is unable to complete the Business Combination because it does not have sufficient funds available, the Company will be forced to cease operations and liquidate the Trust Account. In addition, following the Business Combination, if cash on hand is insufficient, the Company may need to obtain additional financing in order to meet its obligations. In connection with the Company’s assessment of going concern considerations in accordance with Financial Accounting Standard Board’s Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-15, “Disclosures of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern,” the Company has until July 4, 2023 (or December 4, 2023, if the Company extends the time to complete a Business Combination) to complete a Business Combination. It is uncertain that the Company will be able to consummate a Business Combination by this time. If a Business Combination is not consummated by such date and an extension has not been requested by the Sponsor and approved by the Company’s stockholders, there will be a mandatory liquidation and subsequent dissolution of the Company. Management has determined that the date for liquidation and subsequent dissolution as well as liquidity concerns raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statement does not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We have no obligations, assets or liabilities, which would be considered off-balance sheet arrangements as of March 31, 2023. We do not participate in transactions that create relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, often referred to as variable interest entities, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements. We have not entered into any off-balance sheet financing arrangements, established any special purpose entities, guaranteed any debt or commitments of other entities, or purchased any non-financial assets.
Contractual Obligations
Convertible Promissory Notes – Related Party
On March 22, 2023, we issued an unsecured, non-interest bearing promissory note in the principal amount of up to $150,000 to the Sponsor. The promissory note is payable upon the closing of the Business Combination or the liquidation of the Company. The holder of the promissory note, in its sole discretion, may convert any or all of the unpaid principal under the promissory note into private units of the Company, at a price of $10.00 per unit, upon consummation of the Business Combination.
On March 30, 2023, we issued an unsecured, non-interest bearing promissory note in the principal amount of up to $360,000 to the Sponsor. The promissory note is payable upon the closing of the Business Combination or the liquidation of the Company. The holder of the promissory note, in its sole discretion, may convert any or all of the unpaid principal under the promissory note into private units of the Company, at a price of $10.00 per unit, upon consummation of the Business Combination.
24
Registration Rights
The holders of our insider shares, as well as the holders of the private units, the securities underlying the unit purchase option and any securities our insiders, officers, directors or their affiliates may be issued in payment of working capital loans made to us (and any shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of the underlying private warrants and any shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the underlying the private rights), will be entitled to registration rights pursuant to registration rights agreement. The holders of a majority of these securities are entitled to make up to two demands (or one demand with respect to the securities underlying the unit purchase option) that we register such securities. The holders of the majority of the insider shares can elect to exercise these registration rights at any time commencing three months prior to the date on which these shares of common stock are to be released from escrow. The holders of a majority of the private units and units issued in payment of working capital loans made to us can elect to exercise these registration rights at any time commencing on the date that we consummate our initial business combination. In addition, the holders have certain “piggy-back” registration rights with respect to registration statements filed subsequent to our consummation of our initial business combination. We will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements.
Administrative Services Agreement
We have entered into an administrative services agreement pursuant to which we will pay the Sponsor a total of $10,000 per month (subject to deferral as described herein) for office space, utilities, secretarial and administrative support services. Upon completion of our initial business combination or our liquidation, we will cease paying these monthly fees.
Underwriting Agreement
Pursuant to an underwriting agreement in connection with the IPO, the underwriters were paid a cash underwriting discount of $0.25 per unit, or $2,875,000 in the aggregate, upon the closing of the IPO and full exercise of the over-allotment option. In addition, $0.375 per unit, or $4,312,500 in the aggregate, will be payable to the underwriters for deferred underwriting commissions. The deferred commissions will become payable to the underwriters from the amounts held in the Trust Account solely in the event that we complete an initial business combination, subject to the terms of the underwriting agreement.
Right of First Refusal
Subject to certain conditions, we granted Chardan, for a period of 18 months after the date of the consummation of our initial business combination, a right of first refusal to act as a book-running manager or placement agent, with at least 30% of the economics, for any and all future public and private equity, equity linked and debt offerings by us or any of our successors or subsidiaries. In accordance with FINRA Rule 5110(g)(6)(A), such right of first refusal shall not have a duration of more than three years from the commencement of sales of this offering.
Critical Accounting Policies
The preparation of unaudited condensed financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited condensed financial statements, and income and expenses during the periods reported. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates. We have identified the following critical accounting policies:
Investments Held in Trust Account
As of March 31, 2023, the assets held in the Trust Account were held in cash and U.S. Treasury securities. The Company classifies its U.S. Treasury securities as trading securities in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 320, “Investments—Debt and Equity Securities.” Trading securities are presented on the balance sheets at fair value at the end of each reporting period. Gains and losses resulting from the change in fair value of these securities is included in gain on investments held in Trust Account in the accompanying statement of operations. The estimated fair values of all assets held in the Trust Account are determined using available market information and classified as Level 1 measurements.
25
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
FASB ASC Topic 820 “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” defines fair value, the methods used to measure fair value and the expanded disclosures about fair value measurements. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between the buyer and the seller at the measurement date. In determining fair value, the valuation techniques consistent with the market approach, income approach and cost approach shall be used to measure fair value. FASB ASC Topic 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy for inputs, which represent the assumptions used by the buyer and seller in pricing the asset or liability. These inputs are further defined as observable and unobservable inputs. Observable inputs are those that buyer and seller would use in pricing the asset or liability based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s assumptions about the inputs that the buyer and seller would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances.
The fair value hierarchy is categorized into three levels based on the inputs as follows:
| Level 1 — | Valuations based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access. Valuation adjustments and block discounts are not being applied. Since valuations are based on quoted prices that are readily and regularly available in an active market, valuation of these securities does not entail a significant degree of judgment. |
| Level 2 — | Valuations based on (i) quoted prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities, (ii) quoted prices in markets that are not active for identical or similar assets, (iii) inputs other than quoted prices for the assets or liabilities, or (iv) inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by market through correlation or other means. |
| Level 3 — | Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. |
The fair value of the Company’s certain assets and liabilities, which qualify as financial instruments under ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” approximates the carrying amounts represented in the consolidated balance sheet. The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, and other current assets, accrued expenses, due to sponsor are estimated to approximate the carrying values as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 due to the short maturities of such instruments. See Note 9 to unaudited condensed financial statements for the disclosure of the Company’s assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis.
The fair value of the Company’s certain assets and liabilities, which qualify as financial instruments under ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” approximates the carrying amounts represented in the consolidated balance sheet. The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, and other current assets, accrued expenses, due to sponsor are estimated to approximate the carrying values as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 due to the short maturities of such instruments. See Note 9 for the disclosure of the Company’s assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis.
Convertible Promissory Note
The Company accounts for their convertible promissory notes under ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging” (“ASC 815”). Under ASC 815-15-25, the election can be at the inception of a financial instrument to account for the instrument under the fair value option under ASC 825. The Company has made such election for their convertible promissory notes. Using the fair value option, each convertible promissory note is required to be recorded at its initial fair value on the date of issuance, and each balance sheet date thereafter. Changes in the estimated fair value of the notes are recognized as a non-cash gain or loss on the statements of operations.
Warrants
The Company accounts for warrants (Public Warrants or Private Warrants) as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480, meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company’s own common shares and whether the warrant holders could potentially require “net cash settlement” in a circumstance outside of the Company’s control, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the warrants are outstanding.
For issued or modified warrants that meet all of the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as a component of equity at the time of issuance. For issued or modified warrants that do not meet all the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as liabilities at their initial fair value on the date of issuance, and each balance sheet date thereafter. Changes in the estimated fair value of the warrants are recognized as a non-cash gain or loss on the statements of operations. The Company has elected to account for its Public Warrants as equity and the Private Warrants as liabilities.
26
Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption
We account for our common stock subject to possible conversion in accordance with the guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 480, “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.” Common stock subject to mandatory redemption is classified as a liability instrument and measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable common stock (including common stock that features redemption rights that are either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within our control) is classified as temporary equity. At all other times, common stock is classified as stockholders’ equity. Our common stock features certain redemption rights that are considered to be outside of our control and subject to occurrence of uncertain future events. Accordingly, common stock subject to possible redemption is presented at redemption value as temporary equity, outside of the stockholders’ equity section of our condensed balance sheets. We recognize changes in redemption value immediately as they occur and adjusts the carrying value of redeemable common stock to equal the redemption value at the end of each reporting period. Increases or decreases in the carrying amount of shares of redeemable common stock are affected by charges against additional paid in capital or accumulated deficit if additional paid in capital equals to zero.
Net Income (Loss) Per Share
The Company complies with accounting and disclosure requirements of FASB ASC 260, Earnings Per Share. In order to determine the net income (loss) attributable to both the redeemable shares and non-redeemable shares, the Company first considered the undistributed income (loss) allocable to both the redeemable shares and non-redeemable shares and the undistributed income (loss) is calculated using the total net loss less any dividends paid. We then allocated the undistributed income (loss) ratably based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding between the redeemable and non-redeemable shares. Any re-measurement of the accretion to redemption value of the common shares subject to possible redemption was considered to be dividends paid to the public shareholders.
Offering Costs
Offering costs were consisting principally of underwriting, legal, accounting and other expenses incurred through the balance sheet date that are related to the IPO and were charged to stockholders’ equity upon the completion of the IPO. The Company allocates offering costs between public shares and public rights based on the relative fair values of public shares and public rights.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
As a smaller reporting company, we are not required to make disclosures under this Item.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial and accounting officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2023, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial and accounting officer have concluded that during the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
During the quarter ended March 31, 2023, there has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
27
PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
None.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
As a smaller reporting company, we are not required to make disclosures under this Item. We have provided a comprehensive list of risk factors in the final prospectus for our IPO as filed with the SEC on April 1, 2022.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
None.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information
None.
Item 6. Exhibits
The following exhibits are filed as part of, or incorporated by reference into, this Quarterly Report.
| * | Filed herewith. |
| ** | Furnished herewith. This certification is being furnished solely to accompany this report pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, and is not being filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and is not to be incorporated by reference into any filings of the Company, whether made before or after the date hereof, regardless of any general incorporation language in such filing. |
28
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| REDWOODS ACQUISITION CORP. | ||
| Date: May 24, 2023 | By: | /s/ Jiande Chen |
| Name: | Jiande Chen | |
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer | |
| (Principal Executive Officer) | ||
| Date: May 24, 2023 | By: | /s/ Edward Cong Wang |
| Name: | Edward Cong Wang | |
| Title: | Chief Financial Officer | |
| (Principal Accounting and Financial Officer) | ||
29
Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER
PURSUANT TO RULE 13A-14(A) UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, Jiande Chen, certify that:
| 1. | I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2023 of Redwoods Acquisition Corp.; |
| 2. | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
| 3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
| 4. | The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: |
| a) | Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under my supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; and |
| b) | (Paragraph omitted pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-15(a)); |
| c) | Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report my conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and |
| d) | Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and |
| 5. | The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
| a) | All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and |
| b) | Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. |
| Date: May 24, 2023 | /s/ Jiande Chen |
| Jiande Chen | |
| Chief Executive Officer | |
| (Principal Executive Officer) |
Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO RULE 13A-14(A) UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, Edward Cong Wang, certify that:
| 1. | I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2023 of Redwoods Acquisition Corp.; |
| 2. | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
| 3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
| 4. | The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: |
| a) | Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under my supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; and |
| b) | (Paragraph omitted pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-15(a)); |
| c) | Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report my conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and |
| d) | Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and |
| 5. | The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
| a) | All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and |
| b) | Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. |
| Date: May 24, 2023 | /s/ Edward Cong Wang |
| Edward Cong Wang | |
| Chief Financial Officer | |
| (Principal Accounting and Financial Officer) |
Exhibit 32.1
CERTIFICATION
PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Quarterly Report of Redwoods Acquisition Corp. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2023, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Report”), I, Jiande Chen, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to §906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of my knowledge:
| 1. | The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and |
| 2. | The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. |
| Date: May 24, 2023 | /s/ Jiande Chen |
| Jiande Chen | |
| Chief Executive Officer | |
| (Principal Executive Officer) |
Exhibit 32.2
CERTIFICATION
PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Quarterly Report of Redwoods Acquisition Corp. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2023, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Report”), I, Edward Cong Wang, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to §906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of my knowledge:
| 1. | The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and |
| 2. | The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. |
| Date: May 24, 2023 | /s/ Edward Cong Wang |
| Edward Cong Wang | |
| Chief Financial Officer | |
| (Principal Accounting and Financial Officer) |
Condensed Balance Sheets (Parentheticals) - $ / shares |
Mar. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|---|---|---|
| Statement of Financial Position [Abstract] | ||
| Common stock subject to possible redemption, shares | 5,396,650 | 11,500,000 |
| Common stock subject to possible redemption, per share (in Dollars per share) | $ 10.29 | $ 10.21 |
| Common stock par value (in Dollars per share) | $ 0.0001 | $ 0.0001 |
| Common stock, shares authorized | 50,000,000 | 50,000,000 |
| Common stock, shares issued | 3,405,000 | 3,405,000 |
| Common stock, shares outstanding | 3,405,000 | 3,405,000 |
Unaudited Condensed Statements of Operations (Parentheticals) - $ / shares |
3 Months Ended | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Mar. 31, 2023 |
Mar. 31, 2022 |
|||
| Redeemable Common Stock | ||||
| Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding | 11,364,370 | |||
| Basic and diluted net income per share | $ 0.10 | |||
| Non-Redeemable Common Stock | ||||
| Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding | [1] | 3,405,000 | 2,500,000 | |
| Basic and diluted net income per share | $ (0.01) | $ 0.00 | ||
| ||||
Unaudited Condensed Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit) - USD ($) |
Common Stock |
Additional Paid-in Capital |
Accumulated Deficit |
Total |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Balance at Dec. 31, 2021 | $ (3,559) | $ (3,559) | ||||
| Balance (in Shares) at Dec. 31, 2021 | ||||||
| Common stock issued to initial stockholders | [1] | $ 287 | 24,713 | 25,000 | ||
| Common stock issued to initial stockholders (in Shares) | [1] | 2,875,000 | ||||
| Net income (loss) | (5,010) | (5,010) | ||||
| Balance at Mar. 31, 2022 | $ 287 | 24,713 | (8,569) | 16,431 | ||
| Balance (in Shares) at Mar. 31, 2022 | 2,875,000 | |||||
| Balance at Dec. 31, 2022 | $ 340 | (4,044,852) | (4,044,512) | |||
| Balance (in Shares) at Dec. 31, 2022 | 3,405,000 | |||||
| Accretion of common stock to redemption value | (1,322,195) | (1,322,195) | ||||
| Exercise tax liability | (631,696) | (631,696) | ||||
| Net income (loss) | 1,120,611 | 1,120,611 | ||||
| Balance at Mar. 31, 2023 | $ 340 | $ (4,878,132) | $ (4,877,792) | |||
| Balance (in Shares) at Mar. 31, 2023 | 3,405,000 | |||||
| ||||||
Unaudited Condensed Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) |
3 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Mar. 31, 2023 |
Mar. 31, 2022 |
|
| Statement of Cash Flows [Abstract] | ||
| Net Income (loss) | $ 1,120,611 | $ (5,010) |
| Adjustments to reconcile net cash used in operating activities: | ||
| Interest earned on investment held in Trust Account | (798,516) | |
| Unrealized gain on investment held in Trust Account | (451,552) | |
| Change in fair value of convertible notes | (462,670) | |
| Change in fair value of warrant liabilities | 10,600 | |
| Changes in current assets and current liabilities: | ||
| Prepaid expenses | (122,876) | (29,200) |
| Accrued expenses | 166,354 | 40,500 |
| Franchise tax payable | (90,701) | |
| Income tax payable | 160,947 | |
| Deferred income tax liability | 94,826 | |
| Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | (372,977) | 6,290 |
| Cash flows from investing activities: | ||
| Cash deposited in Trust Account | (360,000) | |
| Net cash used in investing activities | (360,000) | |
| Cash flows from financing activities: | ||
| Proceeds from issuance of insider shares to the initial stockholders | 25,000 | |
| Proceeds from issuance of convertible promissory notes to related party | 510,000 | 191,489 |
| Payment of deferred offering costs | (221,061) | |
| Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 510,000 | (4,572) |
| Net change in cash | (222,977) | 1,718 |
| Cash, beginning of the period | 340,962 | 4,952 |
| Cash, end of the period | 117,985 | 6,670 |
| Supplemental Disclosure of Non-cash Financing Activities | ||
| Accretion of Common stock to redemption value | 1,322,195 | |
| Exercise tax liability | $ 631,696 | |
Description of Organization and Business Operations |
3 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Mar. 31, 2023 | |
| Description of Organization and Business Operations [Abstract] | |
| Description of Organization and Business Operations | Note 1 — Description of Organization and Business Operations
Redwoods Acquisition Corp. (the “Company”) is a newly organized blank check company incorporated as a Delaware corporation on March 16, 2021. The Company was formed for the purpose of effecting a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, share purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses or entities (“Business Combination”). The Company is not limited to a particular industry or geographic region for purposes of consummating a Business Combination.
As of March 31, 2023, the Company had not commenced any operations. All activities through March 31, 2023 are related to the Company’s formation, the initial public offering (“IPO” as defined below in Note 4) and, subsequent to the IPO, identifying a target company for a Business Combination. The Company will not generate any operating revenues until after the completion of a Business Combination, at the earliest. The Company generates non-operating income in the form of interest income from the proceeds derived from the IPO. The Company has selected December 31 as its fiscal year end.
The Company’s sponsor is Redwoods Capital LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Sponsor”).
The registration statement for the Company’s IPO became effective on March 30, 2022. On April 4, 2022, the Company consummated the IPO of 10,000,000 units at an offering price of $10.00 per unit (the “Public Units’), generating gross proceeds of $100,000,000. Simultaneously with the closing of the IPO, the Company sold to the Sponsor and Chardan Capital Markets LLC (“Chardan”), in a private placement, 377,500 units and 100,000 units, respectively, at $10.00 per unit (the “Private Units”), generating total gross proceeds of $4,775,000, which is described in Note 5.
The Company granted the underwriters a 45-day option to purchase up to 1,500,000 additional Public Units to cover over-allotments, if any. On April 7, 2022, the underwriters exercised the over-allotment option in full and purchased 1,500,000 Public Units at a price of $10.00 per Public Unit, generating gross proceeds of $15,000,000. Simultaneously with the closing of the over-allotment option, the Company consummated the sale of an additional aggregate of 52,500 Private Units with the Sponsor and Chardan at a price of $10.00 per Private Unit, generating total proceeds of $525,000.
Transaction costs amounted to $8,365,339, consisting $2,875,000 of underwriting fees, $4,312,500 of deferred underwriting fees (payable only upon completion of a Business Combination) and $1,177,839 of other offering costs.
Upon the closing of the IPO and the sale of Private Units on April 4, 2022, and the exercise of the over-allotment option and the sale of the additional Private Units on April 7, 2022, a total of $116,150,000 was placed in a trust account (the “Trust Account”) maintained by Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company as a trustee and will be invested only in U.S. government treasury bills with a maturity of 185 days or less or in money market funds meeting certain conditions under Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”), and that invest only in direct U.S. government treasury obligations. These funds will not be released until the earlier of the completion of the initial Business Combination and the liquidation due to the Company’s failure to complete a Business Combination within the applicable period of time. The proceeds deposited in the Trust Account could become subject to the claims of the Company’s creditors, if any, which could have priority over the claims of the Company’s public stockholders. In addition, interest income earned on the funds in the Trust Account may be released to the Company to pay its income or other tax obligations. With these exceptions, expenses incurred by the Company may be paid prior to a business combination only from the net proceeds of the IPO and private placement not held in the Trust Account.
On March 31, 2023, the Company held a special meeting of stockholders, at which the Company’s stockholders approved (i) an amendment to the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation (the “Extension Amendment”) and (ii) an amendment (the “Trust Amendment”) to the Investment Management Trust Agreement, dated March 30, 2022, by and between the Company and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as trustee, extending the date by which the Company must consummate a Business Combination from April 4, 2023 to July 4, 2023, with the ability to further extend the deadline on a monthly basis up to five times from July 4, 2023 to December 4, 2023. In connection with the stockholders’ vote at the special meeting, an aggregate of 6,103,350 shares with redemption value of approximately $63,169,451 (or $10.35 per share) of the Company’s common stock were tendered for redemption.
As a result of the stockholder approval of the Extension Amendment and the Trust Amendment, the Sponsor, or any of their respective affiliates or designees, agreed to deposit into the Trust Account $360,000 for the initial three-month extension and $120,000 per month for each subsequent one-month extension. The extension payment(s) will bear no interest and will be repayable by the Company to the contributors upon consummation of the Business Combination. The loans will be forgiven by the contributors if the Company is unable to consummate the Business Combination except to the extent of any funds held outside of the Trust Account.
Pursuant to Nasdaq listing rules, the Company’s initial Business Combination must occur with one or more target businesses having an aggregate fair market value equal to at least 80% of the value of the funds in the Trust account (excluding any deferred underwriting discounts and commissions and taxes payable on the income earned on the Trust Account), which the Company refers to as the 80% test, at the time of the execution of a definitive agreement for its initial Business Combination, although the Company may structure a Business Combination with one or more target businesses whose fair market value significantly exceeds 80% of the trust account balance. If the Company is no longer listed on Nasdaq, it will not be required to satisfy the 80% test. The Company will only complete a Business Combination if the post-transaction company owns or acquires 50% or more of the outstanding voting securities of the target or otherwise acquires a controlling interest in the target sufficient for it not to be required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act.
The Company will provide its holders of the outstanding Public Shares (the “Public Stockholders”) with the opportunity to redeem all or a portion of their Public Shares upon the completion of a Business Combination either (i) in connection with a stockholder meeting called to approve the Business Combination or (ii) by means of a tender offer. The decision as to whether the Company will seek stockholder approval of a Business Combination or conduct a tender offer will be made by the Company, solely in its discretion. The Public Stockholders will be entitled to redeem their Public Shares for a pro rata portion of the amount then in the Trust Account (initially anticipated to be $10.10 per Public Share, plus any pro rata interest earned on the funds held in the Trust Account and not previously released to the Company to pay its franchise and income tax obligations).
If a stockholder vote is not required by law and the Company does not decide to hold a stockholder vote for business or other legal reasons, the Company will, pursuant to its Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation”), conduct the redemptions pursuant to the tender offer rules of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and file tender offer documents with the SEC prior to completing a Business Combination. If, however, stockholder approval of the transaction is required by law, or the Company decides to obtain stockholder approval for business or legal reasons, the Company will offer to redeem shares in conjunction with a proxy solicitation pursuant to the proxy rules and not pursuant to the tender offer rules. Additionally, each public stockholder may elect to redeem their Public Shares irrespective of whether they vote for or against the proposed transaction. If the Company seeks stockholder approval in connection with a Business Combination, the Company’s Sponsor and any of the Company’s officers or directors that may hold Insider Shares (as defined in Note 6) (the “Initial Stockholders”) and Chardan have agreed (a) to vote their Insider Shares, the shares underlying the Private Units (“Private Shares”) and any Public Shares purchased during or after the IPO in favor of approving a Business Combination and (b) not to convert any shares (including the Insider Shares) in connection with a stockholder vote to approve, or sell the shares to the Company in any tender offer in connection with, a proposed Business Combination.
The Initial Stockholders and Chardan have agreed (a) to waive their redemption rights with respect to the Insider Shares, Private Shares and Public Shares held by them in connection with the completion of a Business Combination and (b) not to propose, or vote in favor of, an amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation that would affect the substance or timing of the Company’s obligation to redeem 100% of its Public Shares if the Company does not complete a Business Combination, unless the Company provides the public stockholders with the opportunity to redeem their Public Shares in conjunction with any such amendment.
The Company has until July 4, 2023 to consummate a Business Combination. In addition, if the Company anticipates that it may not be able to consummate a Business Combination by such date, the Sponsor or its affiliates may extend the period of time to consummate a Business Combination five times by an additional one month each time (for a total of 20 months to complete a Business Combination) (the “Combination Period”). In order to extend the time available for the Company to consummate a Business Combination, the Sponsor or its affiliates or designees, within two business days prior to the applicable deadline, must deposit into the Trust Account $120,000 for each subsequent one-month extension.
If the Company is unable to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period, the Company will (i) cease all operations except for the purpose of winding up, (ii) as promptly as reasonably possible but not more than ten business days thereafter, redeem the Public Shares, at a per-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the Trust Account including interest (which interest shall be net of taxes payable, and less certain amount of interest to pay dissolution expenses) divided by the number of then outstanding Public Shares, which redemption will completely extinguish public stockholders’ rights as stockholders (including the right to receive further liquidating distributions, if any), subject to applicable law, and (iii) as promptly as reasonably possible following such redemption, subject to the approval of the Company’s remaining stockholders and the Company’s board of directors, dissolve and liquidate, subject in each case to the Company’s obligations under Delaware law to provide for claims of creditors and the requirements of other applicable law.
The Initial Stockholders and Chardan have agreed to waive their liquidation rights with respect to the Insider Shares and Private Shares, as applicable, if the Company fails to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period. However, if any Initial Stockholder or Chardan acquires Public Shares in or after the IPO, such Public Shares will be entitled to liquidating distributions from the Trust Account if the Company fails to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period. The underwriters have agreed to waive their rights to their deferred underwriting commissions (see Note 7) held in the Trust Account in the event the Company does not complete a Business Combination within in the Combination Period and, in such event, such amounts will be included with the other funds held in the Trust Account that will be available to fund the redemption of the Public Shares. In the event of such distribution, it is possible that the per share value of the assets remaining available for distribution will be less than $10.10.
In order to protect the amounts held in the Trust Account, the Sponsor has agreed to be liable to the Company if and to the extent any claims by a third party (excluding the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm) for services rendered or products sold to the Company, or a prospective target business with which the Company has entered into a written letter of intent, confidentiality or similar agreement or business combination agreement, reduce the amount of funds in the Trust Account to below the lesser of (i) $10.10 per Public Share and (ii) the actual amount per Public Share held in the Trust Account as of the date of the liquidation of the Trust Account, if less than $10.10 per share due to reductions in the value of the trust assets, in each case less taxes payable, provided that such liability will not apply to any claims by a third party or prospective target business who executed a waiver of any and all rights to the monies held in the Trust Account (whether or not such waiver is enforceable), nor will it apply to any claims under the Company’s indemnity of the underwriters of the IPO against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). Moreover, in the event that an executed waiver is deemed to be unenforceable against a third party, the Sponsor will not be responsible to the extent of any liability for such third party claims.
Liquidity, Capital Resources and Going Concern
As of March 31, 2023, the Company had cash of $117,985 and a working capital of $598,362 (excluding redemptions payable to public stockholders and income tax and franchise tax payable as the taxes will be paid out of the Trust Account). On March 22, 2023 and March 30, 2023, the Sponsor provided a loan of $150,000 and $360,000, respectively, to be used, in part, for transaction costs related to the Business Combination (see Note 6). The Company has until July 4, 2023 (or December 4, 2023, if the time to complete a business combination is extended as described herein) to consummate a Business Combination. It is uncertain that the Company will be able to consummate a Business Combination by this time. If a Business Combination is not consummated by this date, there will be a mandatory liquidation and subsequent dissolution.
The Company expects to continue to incur significant professional costs to remain as a publicly traded company and to incur significant transaction costs in pursuit of the consummation of a Business Combination. The Company may need to obtain additional financing either to complete its Business Combination or because it becomes obligated to redeem a significant number of public shares upon consummation of its Business Combination, in which case the Company may issue additional securities or incur debt in connection with such Business Combination. Subject to compliance with applicable securities laws, the Company would only complete such financing simultaneously with the completion of our Business Combination. If the Company is unable to complete its Business Combination because it does not have sufficient funds available, it will be forced to cease operations and liquidate the Trust Account. In addition, following the Business Combination, if cash on hand is insufficient, the Company may need to obtain additional financing in order to meet its obligations.
In connection with the Company’s assessment of going concern considerations in accordance with Financial Accounting Standard Board’s Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-15, “Disclosures of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern”, the Company has until July 4, 2023 (or December 4, 2023, if the Company extends the time to complete a Business Combination) to complete a Business Combination. It is uncertain that the Company will be able to consummate a Business Combination by this time. If a Business Combination is not consummated by such date and an extension has not been requested by the Sponsor and approved by the Company’s stockholders, there will be a mandatory liquidation and subsequent dissolution of the Company. Management has determined that the date for liquidation and subsequent dissolution as well as liquidity concerns raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statement does not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Risks and Uncertainties
Management is currently evaluating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the industry and has concluded that while it is reasonably possible that the virus could have a negative effect on the Company’s future financial position, results of its operations and/or search for a target company, there has not been a significant impact as of the date of these unaudited condensed financial statements. The unaudited condensed financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the future outcome of this uncertainty.
Additionally, as a result of the military action commenced in February 2022 by the Russian Federation and Belarus in the country of Ukraine and related economic sanctions, the Company’s ability to consummate a Business Combination, or the operations of a target business with which the Company ultimately consummates a Business Combination, may be materially and adversely affected. In addition, the Company’s ability to consummate a transaction may be dependent on the ability to raise equity and debt financing which may be impacted by these events, including as a result of increased market volatility, or decreased market liquidity in third-party financing being unavailable on terms acceptable to the Company or at all. The impact of this action and related sanctions on the world economy and the specific impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations and/or ability to consummate a Business Combination are not yet determinable. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Inflation Reduction Act of 2022
On August 16, 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (the “IR Act”) was signed into federal law. The IR Act provides for, among other things, a new U.S. federal 1% excise tax on certain repurchases (including redemptions) of stock by publicly traded domestic (i.e., U.S.) corporations and certain domestic subsidiaries of publicly traded foreign corporations. The excise tax is imposed on the repurchasing corporation itself, not its shareholders from which shares are repurchased. The amount of the excise tax is generally 1% of the fair market value of the shares repurchased at the time of the repurchase. However, for purposes of calculating the excise tax, repurchasing corporations are permitted to net the fair market value of certain new stock issuances against the fair market value of stock repurchases during the same taxable year. In addition, certain exceptions apply to the excise tax. The U.S. Department of the Treasury (the “Treasury”) has been given authority to provide regulations and other guidance to carry out and prevent the abuse or avoidance of the excise tax. The IR Act applies only to repurchases that occur after December 31, 2022.
Any redemption or other repurchase that occurs after December 31, 2022, in connection with a Business Combination, extension vote or otherwise, may be subject to the excise tax. Whether and to what extent the Company would be subject to the excise tax in connection with a Business Combination, extension vote or otherwise would depend on a number of factors, including (i) the fair market value of the redemptions and repurchases in connection with the Business Combination, extension or otherwise, (ii) the structure of a Business Combination, (iii) the nature and amount of any “PIPE” or other equity issuances in connection with a Business Combination (or otherwise issued not in connection with a Business Combination but issued within the same taxable year of a Business Combination) and (iv) the content of regulations and other guidance from the Treasury. In addition, because the excise tax would be payable by the Company and not by the redeeming holders, the mechanics of any required payment of the excise tax have not been determined. The foregoing could cause a reduction in the cash available on hand to complete a Business Combination and in the Company’s ability to complete a Business Combination.
At this time, it has been determined that the IR Act tax provisions would have an impact to the Company’s fiscal 2023 tax provision as there were redemptions by the public stockholders in March 2023; as a result, the Company recorded $631,696 exercise tax liability as of March 31, 2023. The Company will continue to monitor for updates to the Company’s business along with guidance issued with respect to the IR Act to determine whether any adjustments are needed to the Company’s tax provision in future periods. |
Significant Accounting Policies |
3 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mar. 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description of Organization and Business Operations [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Significant Accounting Policies | Note 2 — Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements are presented in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC, and include all normal and recurring adjustments that management of the Company considers necessary for a fair presentation of its financial position and operation results. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2023 or any future period. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K as filed with the SEC on April 10, 2023.
Emerging Growth Company
The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, (the “JOBS Act”), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.
Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such an election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s financial statements with another public company which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.
Use of Estimates
In preparing these unaudited condensed financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP, the Company’s management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited condensed financial statements and the reported expenses during the reporting period.
Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the unaudited condensed financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. Accordingly, the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company had $117,985 and $340,962 in cash and did not have any cash equivalents as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
Investments Held in Trust Account
As of March 31, 2023, the assets held in the Trust Account were held in cash and U.S. Treasury securities. The Company classifies its U.S. Treasury securities as trading securities in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 320, “Investments—Debt and Equity Securities.” Trading securities are presented on balance sheets at fair value at the end of each reporting period. Gains and losses resulting from the change in fair value of these securities is included in gain on investments held in Trust Account in the accompanying statement of operations. The estimated fair values of all assets held in the Trust Account are determined using available market information and classified as Level 1 measurements.
Offering Costs
The Company complies with the requirements of FASB ASC Topic 340-10-S99-1, “Other Assets and Deferred Costs – SEC Materials” (“ASC 340-10-S99”) and SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 5A, “Expenses of Offering”. Offering costs were $8,365,339 consisting principally of underwriting, legal, accounting and other expenses that are directly related to the IPO and charged to stockholders’ equity upon the completion of the IPO.
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes under ASC 740, “Income Taxes.” ASC 740, Income Taxes, requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for both the expected impact of differences between the unaudited condensed financial statements and tax basis of assets and liabilities and for the expected future tax benefit to be derived from tax loss and tax credit carry forwards. ASC 740 additionally requires a valuation allowance to be established when it is more likely than not that all or a portion of deferred tax assets will not be realized.
The Company’s effective tax rate was 18.58% and 0.00% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The effective tax rate differs from the statutory tax rate of 21% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, due to change in fair value of warrants and convertible notes and the change in valuation of deferred tax assets.
ASC 740 also clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement process for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. ASC 740 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim period, disclosure and transition.
While ASC 740 identifies usage of an effective annual tax rate for purposes of an interim provision, it does allow for estimating individual elements in the current period if they are significant, unusual or infrequent. Computing the effective tax rate for the Company is complicated due to the potential impact of the timing of any Business Combination expenses and the actual interest income that will be recognized during the year. The Company has taken a position as to the calculation of income tax expense in a current period based on ASC 740-270-25-3 which states, “If an entity is unable to estimate a part of its ordinary income (or loss) or the related tax (benefit) but is otherwise able to make a reasonable estimate, the tax (or benefit) applicable to the item that cannot be estimated shall be reported in the interim period in which the item is reported.” The Company believes its calculation to be a reliable estimate and allows it to properly take into account the usual elements that can impact its annualized book income and its impact on the effective tax rate. As such, the Company is computing its taxable income (loss) and associated income tax provision based on actual results through March 31, 2023.
The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. There were no unrecognized tax benefits and no amounts accrued for interest and penalties as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position.
The Company has identified the United States and the State of New York as its only “major” tax jurisdiction. The Company is subject to income taxation by major taxing authorities since inception. These examinations may include questioning the timing and amount of deductions, the nexus of income among various tax jurisdictions and compliance with federal and state tax laws. The Company’s management does not expect that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will materially change over the next twelve months.
Net Loss Per Share
The Company complies with accounting and disclosure requirements of FASB ASC 260, Earnings Per Share. The unaudited condensed statements of operations include a presentation of income (loss) per redeemable share and income (loss) per non-redeemable share following the two-class method of income per share. In order to determine the net income (loss) attributable to both the redeemable shares and non-redeemable shares, the Company first considered the undistributed income (loss) allocable to both the redeemable shares and non-redeemable shares and the undistributed income (loss) is calculated using the total net loss less any dividends paid. The Company then allocated the undistributed income (loss) ratably based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding between the redeemable and non-redeemable shares. Any remeasurement of the accretion to redemption value of the common shares subject to possible redemption was considered to be dividends paid to the public shareholders. As of March 31, 2023, the Company did not have any dilutive securities and other contracts that could, potentially, be exercised or converted into common shares and then share in the earnings of the Company. As a result, diluted loss per share is the same as basic loss per share for the period presented.
The net income (loss) per share presented in the unaudited condensed statement of operations is based on the following:
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist of a cash account in a financial institution and money market funds held in the Trust Account. The Company has not experienced losses on this account and management believes the Company is not exposed to significant risks on such account.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
FASB ASC Topic 820 “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” defines fair value, the methods used to measure fair value and the expanded disclosures about fair value measurements. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between the buyer and the seller at the measurement date. In determining fair value, the valuation techniques consistent with the market approach, income approach and cost approach shall be used to measure fair value. FASB ASC Topic 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy for inputs, which represent the assumptions used by the buyer and seller in pricing the asset or liability. These inputs are further defined as observable and unobservable inputs. Observable inputs are those that buyer and seller would use in pricing the asset or liability based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s assumptions about the inputs that the buyer and seller would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances.
The fair value hierarchy is categorized into three levels based on the inputs as follows:
The fair value of the Company’s certain assets and liabilities, which qualify as financial instruments under ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” approximates the carrying amounts represented in the consolidated balance sheet. The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, and other current assets, accrued expenses, due to sponsor are estimated to approximate the carrying values as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 due to the short maturities of such instruments. See Note 9 for the disclosure of the Company’s assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis.
Convertible Promissory Note
The Company accounts for their convertible promissory notes under ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging” (“ASC 815”). Under ASC 815-15-25, the election can be at the inception of a financial instrument to account for the instrument under the fair value option under ASC 825. The Company has made such election for their convertible promissory notes. Using the fair value option, each convertible promissory note is required to be recorded at its initial fair value on the date of issuance, and each balance sheet date thereafter. Changes in the estimated fair value of the notes are recognized as a non-cash gain or loss on the statements of operations.
Warrants
The Company accounts for warrants (Public Warrants or Private Warrants) as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480, meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company’s own common shares and whether the warrant holders could potentially require “net cash settlement” in a circumstance outside of the Company’s control, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the warrants are outstanding.
For issued or modified warrants that meet all of the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as a component of equity at the time of issuance. For issued or modified warrants that do not meet all the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as liabilities at their initial fair value on the date of issuance, and each balance sheet date thereafter. Changes in the estimated fair value of the warrants are recognized as a non-cash gain or loss on the statements of operations. The Company has elected to account for its Public Warrants as equity and the Private Warrants as liabilities.
Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption
The Company accounts for its common stock subject to possible redemption in accordance with the guidance in ASC Topic 480 “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.” Common stock subject to mandatory redemption (if any) are classified as a liability instrument and are measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable common stock (including common stock that feature redemption rights that is either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company’s control) is classified as temporary equity. At all other times, common stock is classified as stockholders’ equity. The Company’s common stock features certain redemption rights that are considered to be outside of the Company’s control and subject to occurrence of uncertain future events. The Company recognizes changes in redemption value immediately as they occur and adjusts the carrying value of redeemable common stock to equal the redemption value at the end of each reporting period. Increases or decreases in the carrying amount of shares of redeemable common stock are affected by charges against additional paid in capital or accumulated deficit if additional paid in capital equals to zero.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In August 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2020-06, Debt — Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging — Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40) (“ASU 2020-06”) to simplify accounting for certain financial instruments. ASU 2020-06 eliminates the current models that require separation of beneficial conversion and cash conversion features from convertible instruments and simplifies the derivative scope exception guidance pertaining to equity classification of contracts in an entity’s own equity. The new standard also introduces additional disclosures for convertible debt and freestanding instruments that are indexed to and settled in an entity’s own equity. ASU 2020-06 amends the diluted earnings per share guidance, including the requirement to use the if-converted method for all convertible instruments. ASU 2020-06 is effective January 1, 2024 for the Company and should be applied on a full or modified retrospective basis, with early adoption permitted beginning on January 1, 2021. The Company is currently assessing the impact, if any, that ASU 2020-06 would have on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Management does not believe that any recently issued, but not effective, accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s unaudited condensed financial statements. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and Investment Held in Trust Account |
3 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mar. 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and Investment Held in Trust Account [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and Investment Held in Trust Account | Note 3 — Cash and Investment Held in Trust Account
As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, investment securities in the Company’s Trust Account consisted of $119,416,545 and $117,806,478 in cash and U.S. Treasury securities, respectively.
The following table presents information about the Company’s assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2023 and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation inputs the Company utilized to determine such fair value.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Initial Public Offering |
3 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mar. 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial Public Offering [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial Public Offering | Note 4 — Initial Public Offering
On April 4, 2022, pursuant to its initial public offering (the “IPO”), the Company sold 10,000,000 Public Units at $10.00 per Public Unit, generating gross proceeds of $100,000,000. The Company granted the underwriters a 45-day option to purchase up to 1,500,000 additional Public Units to cover over-allotments, if any. On April 7, 2022, the underwriters exercised the over-allotment option in full and purchased 1,500,000 Public Units at a price of $10.00 per Public Unit, generating gross proceeds of $15,000,000. Each Public Unit consists of one share of common stock (“Public Share”), one right (“Public Right”) and one redeemable warrant (“Public Warrant”). Each Public Right will convert into one-tenth (1/10) of one share of common stock upon the consummation of a Business Combination. Each Public Warrant entitles the holder to purchase one share of common stock at a price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment. The Public Warrants will become exercisable on the later of the completion of the Company’s initial Business Combination or 12 months from the closing of the IPO, and will expire five years after the completion of the Company’s initial Business Combination or earlier upon redemption or liquidation.
All of the 11,500,000 Public Shares sold as part of the Public Units in the IPO contain a redemption feature which allows for the redemption of such Public Shares if there is a stockholder vote or tender offer in connection with the Business Combination and in connection with certain amendments to the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation, or in connection with the Company’s liquidation. In accordance with the SEC and its staff’s guidance on redeemable equity instruments, which has been codified in ASC 480-10-S99, redemption provisions not solely within the control of the Company require common stock subject to redemption to be classified outside of permanent equity.
The Company’s redeemable common stock is subject to SEC and its staff’s guidance on redeemable equity instruments, which has been codified in ASC 480-10-S99. If it is probable that the equity instrument will become redeemable, the Company has the option to either accrete changes in the redemption value over the period from the date of issuance (or from the date that it becomes probable that the instrument will become redeemable, if later) to the earliest redemption date of the instrument or to recognize changes in the redemption value immediately as they occur and adjust the carrying amount of the instrument to equal the redemption value at the end of each reporting period. The Company has elected to recognize the changes immediately. The accretion or remeasurement is treated as a deemed dividend (i.e., a reduction to retained earnings, or in absence of retained earnings, additional paid-in capital).
As of March 31, 2023, the shares of common stock reflected on the balance sheet are reconciled in the following table.
|
Private Placement |
3 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Mar. 31, 2023 | |
| Private Placement [Abstract] | |
| Private Placement | Note 5 — Private Placement
Simultaneously with the closing of the IPO, the Sponsor and Chardan purchased an aggregate of 477,500 Private Units at a price of $10.00 per Private Unit for an aggregate purchase price of $4,775,000 in a private placement. Simultaneously with the closing of the over-allotment option, the Company consummated the sale of an additional aggregate of 52,500 Private Units with the Sponsor and Chardan at a price of $10.00 per Private Unit, generating total proceeds of $525,000. The Private Units are identical to the Public Units except with respect to certain registration rights and transfer restrictions and the private warrants, which have terms and provisions that are identical to those of the warrants being sold as part of the units in the IPO, except that the private warrants (i) will be exercisable either for cash or on a cashless basis at the holder’s option and (ii) will not be redeemable by the Company, in either case as long as the private warrants are held by the initial purchasers or any of their permitted transferees. The net proceeds from the Private Units were added to the proceeds from the IPO to be held in the Trust Account. If the Company does not complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period, the proceeds from the sale of the Private Units will be used to fund the redemption of the Public Shares (subject to the requirements of applicable law), and the Private Units and all underlying securities will expire worthless. |
Related Party Transactions |
3 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Mar. 31, 2023 | |
| Related Party Transactions [Abstract] | |
| Related Party Transactions | Note 6 — Related Party Transactions
Insider Shares
On January 4, 2022, the Company issued 2,875,000 shares of common stock (the “Insider Shares”) to the Initial Stockholders for an aggregate consideration of $25,000, or approximately $0.009 per share. As a result of the underwriters’ full exercise of their over-allotment option on April 7, 2022, no insider shares are currently subject to forfeiture. As of March 31, 2023, there were 2,875,000 Insider Shares issued and outstanding.
The Initial Stockholders have agreed, subject to certain limited exceptions, not to transfer, assign or sell any of their Insider Shares until, with respect to 50% of the Insider Shares, the earlier of six months after the consummation of a Business Combination and the date on which the closing price of the common stock equals or exceeds $12.50 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period commencing after a Business Combination and, with respect to the remaining 50% of the Insider Shares, until the six months after the consummation of a Business Combination, or earlier, in either case, if, subsequent to a Business Combination, the Company completes a liquidation, merger, stock exchange or other similar transaction which results in all of the Company’s stockholders having the right to exchange their shares of common stock for cash, securities or other property.
Promissory Note — Related Party
On January 4, 2022 and February 28, 2022, the Sponsor agreed to loan the Company up to an aggregate amount of $200,000 to be used, in part, for transaction costs incurred in connection with the IPO (the “Promissory Notes”). The Promissory Notes were unsecured, interest-free and due on the closing the IPO. The Company repaid the outstanding balance of $200,000 to the Sponsor on April 7 and April 8, 2022. As of March 31, 2023, the Company had no borrowings under the Promissory Notes.
On March 22, 2023, the Company issued an unsecured, non-interest bearing promissory note in the principal amount of $150,000 to the Sponsor (“Convertible Note 1”). On March 30, 2023, the Company issued an unsecured, non-interest bearing promissory note in the principal amount of $360,000 to the Sponsor (“Convertible Note 2”). Both convertible promissory notes are payable upon the closing of the Business Combination or the liquidation of the Company. The holder of the convertible promissory notes, in its sole discretion, may convert any or all of the unpaid principal under the convertible promissory notes into Private Units of the Company, at a price of $10.00 per unit, upon consummation of the Business Combination.
Related Party Loans
In addition, in order to finance transaction costs in connection with searching for a target business or consummating an intended initial business combination, the initial stockholders, officers, directors or their affiliates may, but are not obligated to, loan us funds as may be required. In the event that the initial business combination does not close, the Company may use a portion of the working capital held outside the trust account to repay such loaned amounts, but no proceeds from the Trust Account would be used for such repayment. Such loans would be evidenced by promissory notes. The notes would either be paid upon consummation of our initial business combination, without interest, or, at the lender’s discretion, up to $500,000 of the notes may be converted upon consummation of the Company’s business combination into private units at a price of $10.00 per unit. The purchase price of these units will approximate the fair value of such units when issued. However, if it is determined, at the time of issuance, that the fair value of such units exceeds the purchase price, the Company would record compensation expense for the excess of the fair value of the units on the day of issuance over the purchase price in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 718 - Compensation - Stock Compensation.
As of March 31, 2023, the Company had no borrowings under the working capital loans.
Administrative Services Agreement
The Company entered into an agreement, commencing on the effective date of the IPO through the earlier of the Company’s consummation of a Business Combination and its liquidation, to pay the Sponsor a total of $10,000 per month for office space, utilities, secretarial and administrative support. However, pursuant to the terms of such agreement, the Sponsor agreed to defer the payment of such monthly fee. Any such unpaid amount will accrue without interest and be due and payable no later than the date of the consummation of initial Business Combination. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company incurred $30,000 and $0, respectively, in fees for these services, of which $30,000 and $90,000 were included in accrued expenses in the accompanying condensed unaudited balance sheets as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. |
Commitments and Contingencies |
3 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Mar. 31, 2023 | |
| Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract] | |
| Commitments and Contingencies | Note 7 — Commitments and Contingencies
Registration Rights
The holders of the insider shares, the private units, securities underlying the Unit Purchase Option and any units that may be issued upon conversion of working capital loans or extension loans (and any securities underlying the private units or units issued upon conversion of the working capital loans or extension loans) will be entitled to registration rights pursuant to a registration rights agreement signed on the effective date of the IPO. The holders of a majority of these securities are entitled to make up to two demands (or one demand with respect to the securities underlying the Unit Purchase Option) that the Company register such securities. The holders of the majority of the Insider Shares can elect to exercise these registration rights at any time commencing three months prior to the date on which these shares of common stock are to be released from escrow. The holders of a majority of the private units and units issued in payment of working capital loans made to us can elect to exercise these registration rights at any time commencing on the date that the Company consummate an initial business combination. In addition, the holders have certain “piggy-back” registration rights with respect to registration statements filed subsequent to the consummation of an initial business combination. Furthermore, notwithstanding the foregoing, pursuant to FINRA Rule 5110, Chardan may not exercise its demand and “piggyback” registration rights after five and seven years, respectively, after the commencement of sales of this offering and may not exercise its demand rights on more than one occasion. The Company will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements.
Underwriting Agreement
Pursuant to an underwriting agreement in connection with the IPO, the Company granted Chardan, the representative of the underwriters, a 45-day option from the date of the prospectus for the IPO to purchase up to 1,500,000 additional Public Units to cover over-allotments, if any, at the IPO price less the underwriting discounts and commissions. On April 7, 2022, Chardan exercised the over-allotment option in full (see Note 4).
The underwriters were paid a cash underwriting discount of 2.5% of the gross proceeds of the IPO (including the exercise of the over-allotment option), or $2,875,000. In addition, the underwriters will be entitled to a deferred fee of 3.75% of the gross proceeds of the IPO (including the exercise of the over-allotment option), or $4,312,500, which will be paid upon the closing of a Business Combination from the amounts held in the Trust Account, subject to the terms of the underwriting agreement.
Unit Purchase Option
Simultaneously with the IPO (including the closing of the over-allotment option), the Company sold to Chardan, for $100, an option (the “Unit Purchase Option”) to purchase 345,000 units exercisable at $11.50 per unit (or an aggregate exercise price of $3,967,500) commencing on the later of six months from the effective date of the registration statement related to the IPO and the consummation of a Business Combination. The Unit Purchase Option may be exercised for cash or on a cashless basis, at the holder’s option, and expires five years from the effective date of the registration statement related to the IPO. The units issuable upon exercise of the Unit Purchase Option are identical to those offered in the IPO. The Company accounts for the Unit Purchase Option, inclusive of the receipt of $100 cash payment, as an expense of the IPO resulting in a charge directly to stockholders’ equity. The Unit Purchase Option and such units purchased pursuant to the Unit Purchase Option, as well as the common stock underlying such units, the rights included in such units, the shares of common stock that are issuable for the rights included in such units, the warrants included in such units, and the shares underlying such warrants, have been deemed compensation by FINRA and are therefore subject to a 180-day lock-up pursuant to FINRA Rule 5110(e)(1). The Unit Purchase Option grants to holders demand and “piggy back” rights for periods of five and seven years, respectively, from the effective date of the registration statement with respect to the registration under the Securities Act of the securities directly and indirectly issuable upon exercise of the Unit Purchase Option. The Company will bear all fees and expenses attendant to registering the securities, other than underwriting commissions which will be paid for by the holders themselves. The exercise price and number of units issuable upon exercise of the Unit Purchase Option may be adjusted in certain circumstances including in the event of a stock dividend, or the Company’s recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation. However, the option will not be adjusted for issuances of common stock at a price below its exercise price.
Right of First Refusal
The Company has granted Chardan a right of first refusal, for a period of 18 months after the date of the consummation of a Business Combination, to act as a book-running manager or placement agent, with at least 30% of the economics, for any and all future public and private equity, equity linked and debt offerings of the Company or any of its successors or subsidiaries. |
Stockholders’ Equity |
3 Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mar. 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stockholders’ Equity | Note 8 — Stockholders’ Equity
Common Stock — The Company is authorized to issue 50,000,000 shares of common stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share. Holders of the common stock are entitled to one vote for each share. At March 31, 2023, there were 3,405,000 shares of common stock issued and outstanding (excluding 11,500,000 shares subject to possible redemption).
Rights — Each holder of a right will receive one-tenth (1/10) of one share of common stock upon consummation of a Business Combination, even if the holder of such right redeemed all shares held by it in connection with a Business Combination. No fractional shares will be issued upon conversion of the rights. No additional consideration will be required to be paid by a holder of rights in order to receive its additional shares upon consummation of a Business Combination, as the consideration related thereto has been included in the unit purchase price paid for by investors in the IPO. If the Company enters into a definitive agreement for a Business Combination in which the Company will not be the surviving entity, the definitive agreement will provide for the holders of rights to receive the same per share consideration the holders of the common stock will receive in the transaction on an as-converted into common stock basis and each holder of a right will be required to affirmatively covert its rights in order to receive 1/10 share underlying each right (without paying additional consideration). The shares issuable upon conversion of the rights will be freely tradable (except to the extent held by affiliates of the Company).
If the Company is unable to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period and the Company liquidates the funds held in the Trust Account, holders of rights will not receive any of such funds with respect to their rights, nor will they receive any distribution from the Company’s assets held outside of the Trust Account with respect to such rights, and the rights will expire worthless. Further, there are no contractual penalties for failure to deliver securities to the holders of the rights upon consummation of a Business Combination. Additionally, in no event will the Company be required to net cash settle the rights. Accordingly, holders of the rights might not receive the shares of common stock underlying the rights.
Warrants — Each redeemable warrant entitles the holder thereof to purchase one share of common stock at a price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment as described in this prospectus. The warrants will become exercisable on the later of the completion of an initial Business Combination and 12 months from the closing of the IPO. However, no Public Warrants will be exercisable for cash unless the Company has an effective and current registration statement covering the issuance of the common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants and a current prospectus relating to such common stock. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a registration statement covering the issuance of the common stock issuable upon exercise of the Public Warrants is not effective within 90 days from the closing of the Company’s initial Business Combination, warrant holders may, until such time as there is an effective registration statement and during any period when we shall have failed to maintain an effective registration statement, exercise warrants on a cashless basis pursuant to an available exemption from registration under the Securities Act. If an exemption from registration is not available, holders will not be able to exercise their warrants on a cashless basis. The warrants will expire years from the closing of the Company’s initial Business Combination at 5:00 p.m., New York City time or earlier redemption.
In addition, if (x) the Company issues additional shares of common stock or equity-linked securities for capital raising purposes in connection with the closing of the Company’s initial Business Combination at an issue price or effective issue price of less than $9.50 per share (with such issue price or effective issue price to be determined in good faith by our board of directors), (y) the aggregate gross proceeds from such issuances represent more than 60% of the total equity proceeds, and interest thereon, available for the funding of the Company’s initial Business Combination, and (z) the volume weighted average trading price of the Company’s common stock during the 20 trading day period starting on the trading day prior to the day on which the Company consummates its initial Business Combination (such price, the “Market Price”) is below $9.50 per share, the exercise price of the warrants will be adjusted (to the nearest cent) to be equal to 115% of the Market Price, and the $16.50 per share redemption trigger price described below will be adjusted (to the nearest cent) to be equal to 165% of the Market Value.
The Company may redeem the outstanding Public Warrants at any time while the warrants are exercisable:
If the Company calls the Public Warrants for redemption, management will have the option to require all holders that wish to exercise the Public Warrants to do so on a “cashless basis,” as described in the warrant agreement. In such event, each holder would pay the exercise price by surrendering the whole warrants for that number of shares of common stock equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the product of the number of shares of common stock underlying the warrants, multiplied by the difference between the exercise price of the warrants and the “fair market value” (defined below) by (y) the fair market value. The “fair market value” shall mean the average reported last sale price of the common stock for the 10 trading days ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which the notice of redemption is sent to the holders of warrants.
Except as described above, no warrants will be exercisable and the Company will not be obligated to issue common stock unless at the time a holder seeks to exercise such warrant, a prospectus relating to the common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants is current and the common stock have been registered or qualified or deemed to be exempt under the securities laws of the state of residence of the holder of the warrants. Under the terms of the warrant agreement, the Company has agreed to use its best efforts to meet these conditions and to maintain a current prospectus relating to the common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants until the expiration of the warrants. However, the Company cannot assure that it will be able to do so and, if the Company does not maintain a current prospectus relating to the common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants, holders will be unable to exercise their warrants and the Company will not be required to settle any such warrant exercise. If the prospectus relating to the common stock issuable upon the exercise of the warrants is not current or if the common stock is not qualified or exempt from qualification in the jurisdictions in which the holders of the warrants reside, the Company will not be required to net cash settle or cash settle the warrant exercise, the warrants may have no value, the market for the warrants may be limited and the warrants may expire worthless.
The private warrants have terms and provisions that are identical to those of the warrants being sold as part of the units in the IPO, except that the private warrants (i) will be exercisable either for cash or on a cashless basis at the holder’s option and (ii) will not be redeemable by the Company, in either case as long as the private warrants are held by the initial purchasers or any of their permitted transferees. |
Fair Value Measurements |
3 Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mar. 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value Measurements [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value Measurements | Note 9 —Fair Value Measurements
The fair value of the Company’s consolidated financial assets and liabilities reflects management’s estimate of amounts that the Company would have received in connection with the sale of the assets or paid in connection with the transfer of the liabilities in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In connection with measuring the fair value of its assets and liabilities, the Company seeks to maximize the use of observable inputs (market data obtained from independent sources) and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs (internal assumptions about how market participants would price assets and liabilities). The following fair value hierarchy is used to classify assets and liabilities based on the observable inputs and unobservable inputs used in order to value the assets and liabilities:
The following table presents information about the Company’s liabilities that are measured at fair value on March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation inputs the Company utilized to determine such fair value:
The private warrants are accounted for as liabilities in accordance with ASC 815-40 and are presented within warrant liabilities on the balance sheet. Changes in the fair value of the warrants are recorded in the statement of operations each period.
The table below shows the change in fair value of warrant liabilities as of March 31, 2023:
The Company established the initial fair value for the private warrants at $587,717 (including over-allotment) on April 4, 2022, the date of the Company’s IPO, using the Black-Scholes model. The Company allocated the proceeds received from the sale of Private Units, first to the private warrants based on their fair values as determined at initial measurement, with the remaining proceeds recorded as common shares subject to possible redemption, and common shares based on their relative fair values recorded at the initial measurement date. The warrants were classified as Level 3 at the initial measurement date due to the use of unobservable inputs.
The key inputs into the Black-Scholes model were as follows at their measurement date:
The fair value of the Convertible Note 1 was estimated at the as converted value at March 31, 2023 and initial measurement date of March 22, 2023 to be $13,930 and $13,910, respectively. The fair value of the Convertible Note 2 was estimated at the as converted value at March 31, 2023 and initial measurement date of March 30, 2023 to be $33,400 and $33,400, respectively. The binomial tree model was used for the underlying warrants based on the following key assumptions which were unchanged as of March 31, 2023.
The following table presents the changes in the fair value of the Level 3 Convertible Notes:
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Subsequent Events |
3 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Mar. 31, 2023 | |
| Subsequent Events [Abstract] | |
| Subsequent Events | Note 10 — Subsequent Events
In accordance with ASC 855, “Subsequent Events,” the Company evaluated subsequent events and transactions that occurred after the balance sheet date up to the date that the unaudited condensed financial statements were issued. Based on this review, the Company did not identify any subsequent events that would have required disclosure in the unaudited condensed financial statements. |
Accounting Policies, by Policy (Policies) |
3 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mar. 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description of Organization and Business Operations [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basis of Presentation | Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements are presented in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC, and include all normal and recurring adjustments that management of the Company considers necessary for a fair presentation of its financial position and operation results. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2023 or any future period. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K as filed with the SEC on April 10, 2023.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Emerging Growth Company | Emerging Growth Company
The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, (the “JOBS Act”), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.
Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such an election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s financial statements with another public company which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates
In preparing these unaudited condensed financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP, the Company’s management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited condensed financial statements and the reported expenses during the reporting period.
Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the unaudited condensed financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. Accordingly, the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and Cash Equivalents | Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company had $117,985 and $340,962 in cash and did not have any cash equivalents as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investments Held in Trust Account | Investments Held in Trust Account
As of March 31, 2023, the assets held in the Trust Account were held in cash and U.S. Treasury securities. The Company classifies its U.S. Treasury securities as trading securities in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 320, “Investments—Debt and Equity Securities.” Trading securities are presented on balance sheets at fair value at the end of each reporting period. Gains and losses resulting from the change in fair value of these securities is included in gain on investments held in Trust Account in the accompanying statement of operations. The estimated fair values of all assets held in the Trust Account are determined using available market information and classified as Level 1 measurements.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Offering Costs | Offering Costs
The Company complies with the requirements of FASB ASC Topic 340-10-S99-1, “Other Assets and Deferred Costs – SEC Materials” (“ASC 340-10-S99”) and SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 5A, “Expenses of Offering”. Offering costs were $8,365,339 consisting principally of underwriting, legal, accounting and other expenses that are directly related to the IPO and charged to stockholders’ equity upon the completion of the IPO.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income Taxes | Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes under ASC 740, “Income Taxes.” ASC 740, Income Taxes, requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for both the expected impact of differences between the unaudited condensed financial statements and tax basis of assets and liabilities and for the expected future tax benefit to be derived from tax loss and tax credit carry forwards. ASC 740 additionally requires a valuation allowance to be established when it is more likely than not that all or a portion of deferred tax assets will not be realized.
The Company’s effective tax rate was 18.58% and 0.00% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The effective tax rate differs from the statutory tax rate of 21% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, due to change in fair value of warrants and convertible notes and the change in valuation of deferred tax assets.
ASC 740 also clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement process for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. ASC 740 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim period, disclosure and transition.
While ASC 740 identifies usage of an effective annual tax rate for purposes of an interim provision, it does allow for estimating individual elements in the current period if they are significant, unusual or infrequent. Computing the effective tax rate for the Company is complicated due to the potential impact of the timing of any Business Combination expenses and the actual interest income that will be recognized during the year. The Company has taken a position as to the calculation of income tax expense in a current period based on ASC 740-270-25-3 which states, “If an entity is unable to estimate a part of its ordinary income (or loss) or the related tax (benefit) but is otherwise able to make a reasonable estimate, the tax (or benefit) applicable to the item that cannot be estimated shall be reported in the interim period in which the item is reported.” The Company believes its calculation to be a reliable estimate and allows it to properly take into account the usual elements that can impact its annualized book income and its impact on the effective tax rate. As such, the Company is computing its taxable income (loss) and associated income tax provision based on actual results through March 31, 2023.
The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. There were no unrecognized tax benefits and no amounts accrued for interest and penalties as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position.
The Company has identified the United States and the State of New York as its only “major” tax jurisdiction. The Company is subject to income taxation by major taxing authorities since inception. These examinations may include questioning the timing and amount of deductions, the nexus of income among various tax jurisdictions and compliance with federal and state tax laws. The Company’s management does not expect that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will materially change over the next twelve months.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Loss Per Share | Net Loss Per Share
The Company complies with accounting and disclosure requirements of FASB ASC 260, Earnings Per Share. The unaudited condensed statements of operations include a presentation of income (loss) per redeemable share and income (loss) per non-redeemable share following the two-class method of income per share. In order to determine the net income (loss) attributable to both the redeemable shares and non-redeemable shares, the Company first considered the undistributed income (loss) allocable to both the redeemable shares and non-redeemable shares and the undistributed income (loss) is calculated using the total net loss less any dividends paid. The Company then allocated the undistributed income (loss) ratably based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding between the redeemable and non-redeemable shares. Any remeasurement of the accretion to redemption value of the common shares subject to possible redemption was considered to be dividends paid to the public shareholders. As of March 31, 2023, the Company did not have any dilutive securities and other contracts that could, potentially, be exercised or converted into common shares and then share in the earnings of the Company. As a result, diluted loss per share is the same as basic loss per share for the period presented.
The net income (loss) per share presented in the unaudited condensed statement of operations is based on the following:
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concentration of Credit Risk | Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist of a cash account in a financial institution and money market funds held in the Trust Account. The Company has not experienced losses on this account and management believes the Company is not exposed to significant risks on such account.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value of Financial Instruments | Fair Value of Financial Instruments
FASB ASC Topic 820 “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” defines fair value, the methods used to measure fair value and the expanded disclosures about fair value measurements. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between the buyer and the seller at the measurement date. In determining fair value, the valuation techniques consistent with the market approach, income approach and cost approach shall be used to measure fair value. FASB ASC Topic 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy for inputs, which represent the assumptions used by the buyer and seller in pricing the asset or liability. These inputs are further defined as observable and unobservable inputs. Observable inputs are those that buyer and seller would use in pricing the asset or liability based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s assumptions about the inputs that the buyer and seller would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances.
The fair value hierarchy is categorized into three levels based on the inputs as follows:
The fair value of the Company’s certain assets and liabilities, which qualify as financial instruments under ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” approximates the carrying amounts represented in the consolidated balance sheet. The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, and other current assets, accrued expenses, due to sponsor are estimated to approximate the carrying values as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 due to the short maturities of such instruments. See Note 9 for the disclosure of the Company’s assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Convertible Promissory Note | Convertible Promissory Note
The Company accounts for their convertible promissory notes under ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging” (“ASC 815”). Under ASC 815-15-25, the election can be at the inception of a financial instrument to account for the instrument under the fair value option under ASC 825. The Company has made such election for their convertible promissory notes. Using the fair value option, each convertible promissory note is required to be recorded at its initial fair value on the date of issuance, and each balance sheet date thereafter. Changes in the estimated fair value of the notes are recognized as a non-cash gain or loss on the statements of operations.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Warrants | Warrants
The Company accounts for warrants (Public Warrants or Private Warrants) as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480, meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company’s own common shares and whether the warrant holders could potentially require “net cash settlement” in a circumstance outside of the Company’s control, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the warrants are outstanding.
For issued or modified warrants that meet all of the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as a component of equity at the time of issuance. For issued or modified warrants that do not meet all the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as liabilities at their initial fair value on the date of issuance, and each balance sheet date thereafter. Changes in the estimated fair value of the warrants are recognized as a non-cash gain or loss on the statements of operations. The Company has elected to account for its Public Warrants as equity and the Private Warrants as liabilities.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption | Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption
The Company accounts for its common stock subject to possible redemption in accordance with the guidance in ASC Topic 480 “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.” Common stock subject to mandatory redemption (if any) are classified as a liability instrument and are measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable common stock (including common stock that feature redemption rights that is either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company’s control) is classified as temporary equity. At all other times, common stock is classified as stockholders’ equity. The Company’s common stock features certain redemption rights that are considered to be outside of the Company’s control and subject to occurrence of uncertain future events. The Company recognizes changes in redemption value immediately as they occur and adjusts the carrying value of redeemable common stock to equal the redemption value at the end of each reporting period. Increases or decreases in the carrying amount of shares of redeemable common stock are affected by charges against additional paid in capital or accumulated deficit if additional paid in capital equals to zero.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Recent Accounting Pronouncements | Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In August 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2020-06, Debt — Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging — Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40) (“ASU 2020-06”) to simplify accounting for certain financial instruments. ASU 2020-06 eliminates the current models that require separation of beneficial conversion and cash conversion features from convertible instruments and simplifies the derivative scope exception guidance pertaining to equity classification of contracts in an entity’s own equity. The new standard also introduces additional disclosures for convertible debt and freestanding instruments that are indexed to and settled in an entity’s own equity. ASU 2020-06 amends the diluted earnings per share guidance, including the requirement to use the if-converted method for all convertible instruments. ASU 2020-06 is effective January 1, 2024 for the Company and should be applied on a full or modified retrospective basis, with early adoption permitted beginning on January 1, 2021. The Company is currently assessing the impact, if any, that ASU 2020-06 would have on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Management does not believe that any recently issued, but not effective, accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s unaudited condensed financial statements. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Significant Accounting Policies (Tables) |
3 Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mar. 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description of Organization and Business Operations [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of net income (loss) per share |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of basic and diluted net loss per common stock |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and Investment Held in Trust Account (Tables) |
3 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mar. 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and Investment Held in Trust Account [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Initial Public Offering (Tables) |
3 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mar. 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial Public Offering [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of common stock reflected on the balance sheet |
|
Fair Value Measurements (Tables) |
3 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mar. 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value Measurements [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of liabilities that are measured at fair value |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of changes in the fair value of the level 3 convertible promissory note |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of fair value of the convertible promissory note |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of fair value of the convertible promissory note |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of changes in the fair value of the level 3 convertible promissory note |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Description of Organization and Business Operations (Details) - USD ($) |
1 Months Ended | 3 Months Ended | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 07, 2022 |
Apr. 04, 2022 |
Mar. 30, 2023 |
Mar. 22, 2023 |
Mar. 31, 2023 |
|
| Description of Organization and Business Operations (Details) [Line Items] | |||||
| Price per unit (in Dollars per share) | $ 10 | $ 10 | $ 10.1 | ||
| Gross proceeds | $ 15,000,000 | $ 100,000,000 | |||
| Total gross proceeds | $ 525,000 | 4,775,000 | |||
| Additional public units (in Shares) | 1,500,000 | ||||
| Purchased public units (in Shares) | 1,500,000 | ||||
| Transaction costs | $ 8,365,339 | ||||
| Underwriting fees | 2,875,000 | ||||
| Deferred underwriting fees | 4,312,500 | ||||
| Other offering costs | $ 1,177,839 | ||||
| Total amount | $ 116,150,000 | ||||
| Maturity Days | 185 days | ||||
| Aggregate of shares (in Shares) | 6,103,350 | ||||
| Redemption value | $ 63,169,451 | ||||
| Redemption Per Share (in Dollars per share) | $ 10.35 | ||||
| Initial three-month extension | $ 360,000 | ||||
| One-month extension | $ 120,000 | ||||
| Description of business combination percentage | Pursuant to Nasdaq listing rules, the Company’s initial Business Combination must occur with one or more target businesses having an aggregate fair market value equal to at least 80% of the value of the funds in the Trust account (excluding any deferred underwriting discounts and commissions and taxes payable on the income earned on the Trust Account), which the Company refers to as the 80% test, at the time of the execution of a definitive agreement for its initial Business Combination, although the Company may structure a Business Combination with one or more target businesses whose fair market value significantly exceeds 80% of the trust account balance. If the Company is no longer listed on Nasdaq, it will not be required to satisfy the 80% test. The Company will only complete a Business Combination if the post-transaction company owns or acquires 50% or more of the outstanding voting securities of the target or otherwise acquires a controlling interest in the target sufficient for it not to be required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. | ||||
| Public per share (in Dollars per share) | $ 10.1 | ||||
| Redeem shares percentage | 100.00% | ||||
| Cash | $ 117,985 | ||||
| Working capital | $ 598,362 | ||||
| Sponsor provided loan | $ 360,000 | $ 150,000 | |||
| Initial Public Offering [Member] | |||||
| Description of Organization and Business Operations (Details) [Line Items] | |||||
| Initial public offering | $ 10,000,000 | ||||
| Business Combination [Member] | |||||
| Description of Organization and Business Operations (Details) [Line Items] | |||||
| Public per share (in Dollars per share) | $ 10.1 | ||||
| Business combination, description | In addition, if the Company anticipates that it may not be able to consummate a Business Combination by such date, the Sponsor or its affiliates may extend the period of time to consummate a Business Combination five times by an additional one month each time (for a total of 20 months to complete a Business Combination) (the “Combination Period”). In order to extend the time available for the Company to consummate a Business Combination, the Sponsor or its affiliates or designees, within two business days prior to the applicable deadline, must deposit into the Trust Account $120,000 for each subsequent one-month extension. | ||||
| Sponsor [Member] | |||||
| Description of Organization and Business Operations (Details) [Line Items] | |||||
| Sale units (in Shares) | 52,500 | 377,500 | |||
| Public per share (in Dollars per share) | $ 10.1 | ||||
| Chardan Capital Markets LLC [Member] | |||||
| Description of Organization and Business Operations (Details) [Line Items] | |||||
| Price per unit (in Dollars per share) | $ 10 | $ 10 | |||
| Sale units (in Shares) | 100,000 | ||||
Significant Accounting Policies (Details) - USD ($) |
3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|---|
Mar. 31, 2023 |
Mar. 31, 2022 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
| Description of Organization and Business Operations [Abstract] | |||
| Cash (in Dollars) | $ 117,985 | $ 340,962 | |
| Offering costs (in Dollars) | $ 8,365,339 | ||
| Effective tax rate | 18.58% | 0.00% | |
| Statutory tax rate | 21.00% | 21.00% | |
Significant Accounting Policies (Details) - Schedule of net income (loss) per share - USD ($) |
3 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Mar. 31, 2023 |
Mar. 31, 2022 |
|
| Schedule Of Net Income Loss Per Share Abstract | ||
| Net income (loss) | $ 1,120,611 | $ (5,010) |
| Accretion of common stock to redemption value | (1,322,195) | |
| Net loss including accretion of common stock to redemption value | $ (201,584) | $ (5,010) |
Significant Accounting Policies (Details) - Schedule of basic and diluted net loss per common stock - USD ($) |
3 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Mar. 31, 2023 |
Mar. 31, 2022 |
|
| Redeemable Shares [Member] | ||
| Numerator: | ||
| Allocation of net loss | $ (155,110) | |
| Accretion of ordinary shares subject to possible redemption to redemption value | 1,322,195 | |
| Allocation of net income (loss) | $ 1,167,085 | |
| Denominator: | ||
| Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding (in Shares) | 11,364,370 | |
| Basic and diluted net income (loss) per common stock (in Dollars per share) | $ 0.1 | |
| Non-redeemable Shares [Member] | ||
| Numerator: | ||
| Allocation of net loss | $ (46,474) | $ (5,010) |
| Accretion of ordinary shares subject to possible redemption to redemption value | ||
| Allocation of net income (loss) | $ (46,474) | $ (5,010) |
| Denominator: | ||
| Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding (in Shares) | 3,405,000 | 2,500,000 |
| Basic and diluted net income (loss) per common stock (in Dollars per share) | $ (0.01) | $ 0 |
Significant Accounting Policies (Details) - Schedule of basic and diluted net loss per common stock (Parentheticals) - $ / shares |
3 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Mar. 31, 2023 |
Mar. 31, 2022 |
|
| Redeemable Shares [Member] | ||
| Significant Accounting Policies (Details) - Schedule of basic and diluted net loss per common stock (Parentheticals) [Line Items] | ||
| Diluted weighted average shares outstanding | 11,364,370 | |
| Diluted net income (loss) per common stock | $ 0.10 | |
| Non-redeemable Shares [Member] | ||
| Significant Accounting Policies (Details) - Schedule of basic and diluted net loss per common stock (Parentheticals) [Line Items] | ||
| Diluted weighted average shares outstanding | 3,405,000 | 2,500,000 |
| Diluted net income (loss) per common stock | $ (0.01) | $ 0.00 |
Cash and Investment Held in Trust Account (Details) - USD ($) |
3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended |
|---|---|---|
Mar. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
| Cash and Investment Held in Trust Account [Abstract] | ||
| Investment securities | $ 119,416,545 | $ 117,806,478 |
Cash and Investment Held in Trust Account (Details) - Schedule of assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis - USD ($) |
Mar. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|---|---|---|
| Assets | ||
| Marketable securities held in Trust Account | $ 119,416,545 | $ 117,806,478 |
| Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1) [Member] | ||
| Assets | ||
| Marketable securities held in Trust Account | 119,416,545 | 117,806,478 |
| Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member] | ||
| Assets | ||
| Marketable securities held in Trust Account | ||
| Significant Other Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) [Member] | ||
| Assets | ||
| Marketable securities held in Trust Account |
Initial Public Offering (Details) - USD ($) |
3 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 07, 2022 |
Apr. 04, 2022 |
Mar. 31, 2023 |
|
| Initial Public Offering (Details) [Line Items] | |||
| Sale of shares | 11,500,000 | ||
| Purchase additional public units | $ 1,500,000 | ||
| Expire term | 5 years | ||
| Initial Public Offering [Member] | |||
| Initial Public Offering (Details) [Line Items] | |||
| Sale of shares | 10,000,000 | ||
| Public units per share | $ 10 | ||
| Gross proceeds | $ 100,000,000 | ||
| Over-Allotment Option [Member] | |||
| Initial Public Offering (Details) [Line Items] | |||
| Public units per share | $ 10 | ||
| Gross proceeds | $ 15,000,000 | ||
| Purchased public units | 1,500,000 | ||
| Common Stock [Member] | |||
| Initial Public Offering (Details) [Line Items] | |||
| Price per share | $ 11.5 |
Initial Public Offering (Details) - Schedule of common stock reflected on the balance sheet - USD ($) |
3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended |
|---|---|---|
Mar. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
| Schedule of common stock reflected on the balance sheet [Abstract] | ||
| Gross proceeds | $ 115,000,000 | |
| Less: | ||
| Proceeds allocated to Public Warrants | (9,917,024) | |
| Proceeds allocated to Public Rights | (8,744,042) | |
| Offering costs of Public Shares | (6,901,405) | |
| Plus: | ||
| Accretion of carrying value to redemption value | $ 1,322,195 | 29,388,057 |
| Class A Common stock subject to possible redemption | 55,514,396 | 117,361,652 |
| Plus: | ||
| Accretion of carrying value to redemption value | 1,322,195 | $ 29,388,057 |
| Redeemed common stock payable to public stockholders | $ (63,169,451) |
Private Placement (Details) |
3 Months Ended |
|---|---|
|
Mar. 31, 2023
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
| |
| Private Placement (Details) [Line Items] | |
| Aggregate private units | shares | 477,500 |
| Price per private unit | $ / shares | $ 10 |
| Aggregate purchase price | $ | $ 4,775,000 |
| Additional aggregate private units | shares | 52,500 |
| Total proceeds | $ | $ 525,000 |
| Sponsor [Member] | |
| Private Placement (Details) [Line Items] | |
| Price per private unit | $ / shares | $ 10 |
Related Party Transactions (Details) - USD ($) |
1 Months Ended | 3 Months Ended | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 08, 2022 |
Apr. 07, 2022 |
Feb. 28, 2022 |
Jan. 04, 2022 |
Mar. 30, 2023 |
Mar. 31, 2023 |
Mar. 31, 2022 |
Mar. 22, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
| Related Party Transactions (Details) [Line Items] | |||||||||
| Common stock, shares issued (in Shares) | 5,396,650 | 11,500,000 | |||||||
| Initial stockholders, description | The Initial Stockholders have agreed, subject to certain limited exceptions, not to transfer, assign or sell any of their Insider Shares until, with respect to 50% of the Insider Shares, the earlier of six months after the consummation of a Business Combination and the date on which the closing price of the common stock equals or exceeds $12.50 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period commencing after a Business Combination and, with respect to the remaining 50% of the Insider Shares, until the six months after the consummation of a Business Combination, or earlier, in either case, if, subsequent to a Business Combination, the Company completes a liquidation, merger, stock exchange or other similar transaction which results in all of the Company’s stockholders having the right to exchange their shares of common stock for cash, securities or other property. | ||||||||
| Principal amount | $ 360,000 | $ 150,000 | |||||||
| Price per unit (in Dollars per share) | $ 10 | ||||||||
| Incurred Cost | $ 30,000 | $ 90,000 | |||||||
| Accrued expenses | $ 30,000 | $ 0 | |||||||
| Insider Shares [Member] | |||||||||
| Related Party Transactions (Details) [Line Items] | |||||||||
| Common stock, shares issued (in Shares) | 2,875,000 | ||||||||
| Aggregated consideration | $ 25,000 | ||||||||
| Price per share (in Dollars per share) | $ 0.009 | ||||||||
| Issued and outstanding (in Shares) | 2,875,000 | ||||||||
| Business Combination [Member] | |||||||||
| Related Party Transactions (Details) [Line Items] | |||||||||
| Converted upon consummation | $ 500,000 | ||||||||
| Price per unit (in Dollars per share) | $ 10 | ||||||||
| Sponsor [Member] | |||||||||
| Related Party Transactions (Details) [Line Items] | |||||||||
| Aggregate amount | $ 200,000 | $ 200,000 | |||||||
| Outstanding amount | $ 200,000 | $ 200,000 | |||||||
| Office space, utilities, secretarial and administrative support | $ 10,000 | ||||||||
Commitments and Contingencies (Details) |
3 Months Ended |
|---|---|
|
Mar. 31, 2023
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
| |
| Commitments and Contingencies (Details) [Line Items] | |
| Prospectus to purchase (in Shares) | shares | 1,500,000 |
| Cash underwriting discount | 2.50% |
| Gross Proceeds | $ 2,875,000 |
| Deferred fee | 3.75% |
| Purchase option | $ 100 |
| Purchase units (in Shares) | shares | 345,000 |
| Exercisable price per share (in Dollars per share) | $ / shares | $ 11.5 |
| Aggregate exercise price | $ 3,967,500 |
| Expires year | 5 years |
| Cash payment | $ 100 |
| Right of first refusal, description | The Company has granted Chardan a right of first refusal, for a period of 18 months after the date of the consummation of a Business Combination, to act as a book-running manager or placement agent, with at least 30% of the economics, for any and all future public and private equity, equity linked and debt offerings of the Company or any of its successors or subsidiaries. |
| Over-Allotment Option [Member] | |
| Commitments and Contingencies (Details) [Line Items] | |
| Gross proceeds | $ 4,312,500 |
Stockholders’ Equity (Details) - $ / shares |
3 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Mar. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
| Stockholders’ Equity (Details) [Line Items] | ||
| Common stock shares authorized (in Shares) | 50,000,000 | 50,000,000 |
| Common stock par value | $ 0.0001 | $ 0.0001 |
| Common stock outstanding (in Shares) | 3,405,000 | 3,405,000 |
| Common stock issued (in Shares) | 3,405,000 | 3,405,000 |
| Subject to possible redemption (in Shares) | 11,500,000 | |
| Expire term | 5 years | |
| Market price percentage | 115.00% | |
| Redemption price per share | $ 16.5 | |
| Market value percentage | 165.00% | |
| Price per warrant | $ 0.01 | |
| Common stock per share | 16.5 | |
| Common Stock [Member] | ||
| Stockholders’ Equity (Details) [Line Items] | ||
| Price per share | 11.5 | |
| Business Combination [Member] | ||
| Stockholders’ Equity (Details) [Line Items] | ||
| Price per share | $ 9.5 | |
| Total equity proceeds percentage | 60.00% | |
| Business Combination [Member] | ||
| Stockholders’ Equity (Details) [Line Items] | ||
| Market price per share | $ 9.5 |
Fair Value Measurements (Details) - USD ($) |
3 Months Ended | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Mar. 30, 2023 |
Mar. 22, 2023 |
Mar. 31, 2023 |
Apr. 04, 2022 |
|
| Fair Value Measurements (Details) [Line Items] | ||||
| Private warrants | $ 587,717 | |||
| Minimum [Member] | ||||
| Fair Value Measurements (Details) [Line Items] | ||||
| Amount of converted values | $ 13,910 | $ 13,930 | ||
| Maximum [Member] | ||||
| Fair Value Measurements (Details) [Line Items] | ||||
| Amount of converted values | $ 33,400 | $ 33,400 |
Fair Value Measurements (Details) - Schedule of liabilities that are measured at fair value - USD ($) |
Mar. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|---|---|---|
| Liabilities: | ||
| Warrant liability | $ 42,400 | $ 31,800 |
| Convertible Promissory Note one [Member] | ||
| Liabilities: | ||
| Warrant liability | 13,930 | |
| Convertible Promissory Note Two [Member] | ||
| Liabilities: | ||
| Warrant liability | 33,400 | |
| Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1) | ||
| Liabilities: | ||
| Warrant liability | ||
| Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1) | Convertible Promissory Note one [Member] | ||
| Liabilities: | ||
| Warrant liability | ||
| Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1) | Convertible Promissory Note Two [Member] | ||
| Liabilities: | ||
| Warrant liability | ||
| Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | ||
| Liabilities: | ||
| Warrant liability | ||
| Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Convertible Promissory Note one [Member] | ||
| Liabilities: | ||
| Warrant liability | ||
| Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Convertible Promissory Note Two [Member] | ||
| Liabilities: | ||
| Warrant liability | ||
| Significant Other Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | ||
| Liabilities: | ||
| Warrant liability | 42,400 | 31,800 |
| Significant Other Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | Convertible Promissory Note one [Member] | ||
| Liabilities: | ||
| Warrant liability | 13,930 | |
| Significant Other Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | Convertible Promissory Note Two [Member] | ||
| Liabilities: | ||
| Warrant liability | $ 33,400 |
Fair Value Measurements (Details) - Schedule of change in fair value of warrant liabilities |
3 Months Ended |
|---|---|
|
Mar. 31, 2023
USD ($)
| |
| Fair Value Measurements (Details) - Schedule of change in fair value of warrant liabilities [Line Items] | |
| Fair value at Beginning | $ 31,800 |
| Change in fair value | 10,600 |
| Fair value at ending balance | 42,400 |
| Private Warrants [Member] | |
| Fair Value Measurements (Details) - Schedule of change in fair value of warrant liabilities [Line Items] | |
| Fair value at Beginning | 31,800 |
| Change in fair value | 10,600 |
| Fair value at ending balance | $ 42,400 |
Fair Value Measurements (Details) - Schedule of inputs into the black-scholes model - $ / shares |
3 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Apr. 04, 2022 |
Mar. 31, 2023 |
|
| Schedule Of Inputs Into The Black Scholes Model Abstract | ||
| Exercise Price | $ 11.5 | $ 11.5 |
| Underlying share price | $ 8.08 | $ 10.33 |
| Expected Volatility | 25.62% | 4.74% |
| Warrant life (years) | 5 years | 5 years |
| Risk-free rate | 2.42% | 3.60% |
Fair Value Measurements (Details) - Schedule of fair value of the convertible promissory note - Warrant [Member] - $ / shares |
1 Months Ended | 3 Months Ended |
|---|---|---|
Mar. 22, 2023 |
Mar. 30, 2023 |
|
| Fair Value Measurements (Details) - Schedule of fair value of the convertible promissory note [Line Items] | ||
| Strike Price (in Dollars per share) | $ 10 | $ 10 |
| Spot Price (in Dollars per share) | $ 10.26 | $ 10.28 |
| Time to maturity | 8 months 12 days | 8 months 4 days |
| Business combination success rate | 9.00% | 9.00% |
| Expected Volatility | 5.00% | 5.00% |
| Expected dividend rate | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| Risk-free rate | 4.70% | 4.80% |
Fair Value Measurements (Details) - Schedule of changes in the fair value of the level 3 convertible promissory note |
3 Months Ended |
|---|---|
|
Mar. 31, 2023
USD ($)
| |
| Schedule Of Changes In The Fair Value Of The Level3 Convertible Promissory Note Abstract | |
| Fair value as of beginning balance | |
| Proceeds received through Convertible Note 1 on March 22, 2023 | 150,000 |
| Proceeds received through Convertible Note 2 on March 30, 2023 | 360,000 |
| Change in valuation inputs or other assumptions | (462,670) |
| Fair value as of ending balance | $ 47,330 |